贵州省铜仁市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末检测英语试题【含答案解析】

铜仁市2024~2025学年第一学期教学质量监测高二英语本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthebusstop. B.Inthestreet. C.Inthestation.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,couldyoutellmehowtogettoCentralStation?I’mquitenewtothisarea.M:Gostraightaheadfortwoblocks,turnrightatthetrafficlight,andyou’llseeitonyourleft.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.3:00pm. B.3:10pm. C.3:20pm.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Lucy,thetraintoNewYorkcitywillsetoffat3:40pm.W:Don’tworry,we’llarriveintenminutesandyou’llstillhavehalfanhourleftbeforethetrainleaves.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Takingextraclasses. B.Studyingalone. C.Joiningastudygroup.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’mhavingtroublewithmath.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?Ireallywanttoimprovemygrades.M:Whydon’tyoujoinourstudygroup?WemeeteveryTuesdayafterschool.W:Thatsoundsperfect!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwastheirlastmeeting?A.Lastwinter. B.Lastspring. C.Lastsummer.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HiTom!Ihaven’tseenyousincelastsummer.Howhaveyoubeendoingwithyournewprojects?M:Great!I’vebeenbusywithmynewjob.Weshouldcatchupsometimesoon.W:Definitely!Let’shavecoffeenextweek.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Doctorandpatient.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ihadaterribleheadachethismorning.ShouldIseeadoctor?It’sgettingworseeveryhour.M:Honey,ifitdoesn’tgetbettersoon,youprobablyshould.Haveyoutakenanymedicineforit?W:Notyet.MaybeI’lltrysomefirst...couldyougetmesomemedicinefromthemedicinecabinet?第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whowillthewomanbuygiftsfor?A.Hersister. B.Herson. C.Herhusband.7.What’sthetotalpriceafterdiscount?A.$24. B.$25. C.$30.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,I’mlookingforabirthdaygiftformysister.Shelovesreadingandcollectingbeautifulbookmarks.M:Howaboutthisnewnovel?It’sbeenverypopularlately,andwehavematchingbookmarkstoo.W:Thatlooksinteresting.Howmuchisit?Ihopeit’swithinmybudget.M:Thebookis$25,andthebookmarkis$5,butwehavea20%discountthisweekonbothitems.W:Perfect!I’lltakethemboth.M:Wouldyoulikethemgift-wrapped?It’sfreeofcharge.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Travelsafety. B.Travelarrangement. C.Travelsuggestions.9WhydoesthemanadvisevisitingtheEiffelTowerinearlymorning?A.Therearefewtourists. B.It'scooler. C.Thesceneryismorebeautiful.10.Whatshouldbedoneinadvance?A.Reserveatable. B.Bookhotels. C.Buytickets.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:I’mplanningatwo-weektriptoParisnextmonth.Anyadviceformyjourney?M:ThebesttimetovisittheEiffelTowerisearlymorningtoavoidcrowds.Haveyoubookedyouraccommodationyet?W:Notyet.Howlongwouldyourecommendstayingineachdistrict?M:AtleastthreedaysincentralParistoseethemainattractions.TheLatinQuarterisparticularlycharming.W:Whataboutaccommodationoptions?Mybudgetisaround200eurospernight.M:TrybookingaboutiquehotelintheMaraisdistrict.It’smoreexpensivebutworthitfortheauthenticexperience.W:Thanksfortheadvice.ShouldIbookanytoursinadvance?M:DefinitelybookticketsfortheLouvreandVersaillesinadvance.Thequeuescanbelongduringpeakseason.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatistheman'sfavorite?A.Color. B.Design. C.Fashion.12.Whathelpsthemanhandlecreativeblocks?A.Readingfashionmagazines.B.Travelingandobserving.C.Takingphotographyclasses.13.What'stheman'sadviceforbeginners?A.Learnbusinessskills. B.Studymarkettrends. C.Buildthebestworkearly.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatmadeyouafashiondesigner?Itseemslikesuchaninterestingcareer.M:I’vealwayslovedcreatinguniquedesignsandworkingwithdifferentfabrics.Fashionismytruehobby.W:Doyoufinditchallengingtokeepupwiththelatesttrends?M:Yes,butthat'swhatmakesitexciting.Everyseasonbringsnewinspirationsandchallenges.W:Howdoyouhandlecreativeblocks?M:Itravel,visitartgalleries,andobservestreetfashion.Inspirationcancomefromanywhere.W:That'sfascinating!Whatadvicewouldyougivetoambitiousdesigners?M:Startbuildingyourbestworkearlyandneverstoplearningnewtechniques.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.What’stheadvantageofrockclimbing?A.Findmorebeauty. B.Improvephysicallimits. C.Increaseself-confidence.15.Whendidthemanstarthishobbies?A.Twoyearsago. B.Threeyearsago. C.Fiveyearsago.16.Whatdoesthemanfocusmoreonequipment?A.Buythebestgear. B.Techniquemattersmore. C.Qualitydeterminessuccess.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesecommunities?A.Competitive. B.Welcoming. C.Professional.【答案】14.B15.C16.B17.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyouliketodoinyourfreetime?M:I’mreallyaddictedtophotographyandrockclimbing.Theybothchallengemeindifferentways.Photographyhelpsmeseebeautyindetails,whileclimbingpushesmyphysicallimits.W:That’sanunusualcombination!Whatkindofphotosdoyouspecializein?M:Mostlyadventurephotography.Icombinemyclimbingtripswithlandscapeshootingopportunities.Natureprovidesthemoststunningbackdropsformywork.W:Howlonghaveyoubeendoingtheseactivities?Theymustrequirealotofpractice.M:Aboutfiveyearsnow.Istartedwithbasicindoorclimbingandsmartphonephotography.Thelearningcurvewassteepbutrewarding.W:Doyouneedexpensiveequipmentforbothhobbies?M:Notnecessarily.It’smoreabouttechniqueandexperiencethanhavingfancygear.Themostimportantthingisunderstandingyourequipment,whateveritmaybe.W:Wouldyourecommendthesehobbiestobeginners?M:Absolutely!Bothcommunitiesenjoygreatpopularityamongnewcomers.Youjustneeddedicationandpatience.Thesatisfactionyougetfromcapturingperfectmomentsorreachingnewheightsmakesitallworthwhile.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.What’sSarah’scurrentjob?A.Adesigner. B.Aphotographer. C.Atravelblogger.19.HowwillSarahachieveheraim?A.Becomeapopularblogger.BMixtravelwithdesign.C.Workwithinternationaltravelers.20.WhatdoesSarahwanttobecome?A.Morekind-hearted. B.Moreopen-minded. C.Morestrong-willed.【答案】18.A19.B20.B【解析】【原文】Helloeveryone!I’mSarahChen,a25-year-olddesignerfromShanghai,currentlyworkingatoneofthecity’sleadingcreativeagencies.IgraduatedfromShanghaiArtAcademythreeyearsagowithhonorsinVisualCommunication.Myjobinvolvescreatinginnovativedesignsforvariousclients,fromlocalcompaniestointernationalcorporations.Ispecializeinbrandinganddigitalmediadesign,alwaysstrugglingtoblendtraditionalChineseelementswithmoderndesignprinciples.Outsideofwork,I’mpassionateabouttravelingandhavevisitedtwelvecountriesacrossAsiaandEurope.Eachtripinspiresmydesignworkinuniqueways.IparticularlyenjoyphotographingstreetartandlocalarchitecturewhereverIgo.Mygoalistoeventuallycombinemylovefortravelwithmydesignwork,perhapsbyworkingwithinternationalclientsorstartingadesign-focusedtravelblog.IalsoenjoycookingtraditionalChinesedishesandteachingmyforeignfriendsaboutourculture.Recently,I’vestartedlearningSpanishbecauseIplantoexploreSouthAmericanextyear.Ibelievethatunderstandingdifferentcultureshelpsmebecomebothabetterdesignerandamoreopen-mindedperson.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACostaRicaFamilyJourneyBlanketedinbeautifulrainforest,linedbygoldensands,andfullofcurious-lookingcreatures,CostaRicaistheultimatefamilydestination.DAY1SanJoséTravelupintothemistycloudforestsofSanJosé,wherewe’llvisitafarm,followedbyapropertytour.LearnthesecretsofCostaRicancuisine,testyourcookingskillsatanafternoonclass,andthenattendacoffee-makingdemonstration.MealsIncluded:Breakfast,LunchDAY2MonteverdeVisittheMonteverdeInstitute,aresearchandeducationalorganizationsupportedbyNationalGeographic.Hearaboutreforestationprojectslaunchedbytheinstitute,thenrollupyoursleevesandlendahandinthetreenursery(苗圃).MealsIncluded:Breakfast,Lunch,DinnerDAY3RincóndelaViejaNationalParkTodaywetravelintoRincóndelaViejaNationalPark,afascinatinglandofsmokingvolcanoes,bubblingmudpots,andthermalhotsprings—allhiddeninthicktanglesofrainforest.Visitthermalhotspringsandmudbaths,whereplayinginthemudisencouraged.MealsIncluded:Breakfast,DinnerDAY4PaloVerdeNationalParkVisitalakeinthePaloVerdeNationalPark,whichisawildlife-lover’sparadise:crocodilesglidebeneaththewater’ssurface,monkeysswingthroughthesurroundingtreetops,andnumerouswingedwonderswadeandflyattheriver’sedge.MealsIncluded:Lunch,DinnerAgeRequirement:7+Thefamilyjourneyisdesignedforgroupstravelingwithchildrenbetweentheagesof7and17.Yourgroupmustincludeachildinordertobook,andanyoneundertheageof18mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.Oneadultmayaccompanyupto2children.Prices:Adult:$2,090peradultChild(7-12):$1,940perchildHowtoreserve:call1-800-281-235421.Onwhichdayshouldvisitorsarrangetheirownlunch?A.DAY1 B.DAY2 C.DAY3 D.DAY422.Whatactivitywillvisitorsengageinduringthejourney?A.CookaCostaRicancuisine. B.Attendareforestationconference.C.Takeahotspringbath. D.Exploreawildlife-lover’sparadise.23.Wheredoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Atravelwebsite.C.Abusinessnewspaper. D.Afashionjournal.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了哥斯达黎加家庭之旅。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段DAY3RincóndelaViejaNationalPark中的“MealsIncluded:Breakfast,Dinner”可知，第三天的行程仅提供早饭和晚饭，因此需要游客自行安排午餐。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段DAY4PaloVerdeNationalPark“VisitalakeinthePaloVerdeNationalPark,whichisawildlife-lover’sparadise:crocodilesglidebeneaththewater’ssurface,monkeysswingthroughthesurroundingtreetops,andnumerouswingedwonderswadeandflyattheriver’sedge.(参观帕洛佛得角国家公园（PaloVerdeNationalPark）的湖泊，那里是野生动物爱好者的天堂：鳄鱼在水面下滑行，猴子在周围的树梢上荡来荡去，许多有翅膀的奇迹在河边涉水飞翔。)”可知，游客在旅程中可以探索PaloVerdeNationalPark，即野生动物爱好者的天堂。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Blanketedinbeautifulrainforest,linedbygoldensands,andfullofcurious-lookingcreatures,CostaRicaistheultimatefamilydestination.(哥斯达黎加被美丽的热带雨林覆盖，被金色的沙滩环绕，到处都是奇形怪状的生物，是家庭的终极目的地。)”可知，文章主要讲述对哥斯达黎加家庭之旅的行程进行介绍，因此本文最有可能来源于旅游网站。故选B。BAtjust18yearsold,NimaRinjiSherpahascompletedataskthatfewcanevenimagine.Hehasbecometheyoungestperson,andoneofonlyabout50,toclimball14oftheworld’s“eight-thousanders”.Thesepeaks,locatedwithinAsia’sHimalayanandKarakoramranges,standover26,247feettall.Thisisabovetheso-called“deathzone”,wherethelowoxygenmakesitimpossibletosupporthumanlifeforlong.Nima’sjourneybeganinAugust2022whenheclimbedManaslu,theworld’seighth-tallestpeak.Theteenagerthenconqueredevenhigherpeaks,includingEverest,theworld’stallestmountain.InJune2024,hereachedhis13thpeak,Kanchenjunga.Nima’samazingadventureendedat6:05amlocaltimeonOctober9,2024,whenhereachedthetopoftheShishapangmamountaininTibet.Theteenager’sremarkableachievementisthelatestinhisfamily’simpressivehistoryofclimbingrecords.Nima’sfather,TashiLakpaSherpa,wasjust19whenhebecametheyoungesttoreachMountEverestwithoutextraoxygen.Hisuncle,MingmaGyabuSherpa,previouslyheldtherecordastheyoungestpersontoclimball14eight-thousandersatage30in2019.Mingmaandhisbrother,ChaagDawaSherpa,werealsothefirstbrotherstoclimballthesetoweringpeaks.Nepal’sSherpashavelongbeenguidesandportersforclimbersattemptingtoreachpeakslikeMountEverest.Theirimportantworkincludesfindingsaferoutes,carryingheavyloads,andprotectingclimbersindifficultconditions.Despitetakingmuchoftherisk,Sherpasreceivelittlerecognition.NimahopeshisachievementwillshowthatSherpasaremorethanjustguides.“Mountainclimbingismorethanwork;itshowsourstrengthanddetermination,”Nimasaid.“ThroughSherpaPower,IwanttoshowyoungSherpasthattheycanbemorethansupportclimbersandreachtheirfullpotentialastopathletes.Wearenotjustguides;weareleaders.LetthisinspireeverySherpatoseetheprideinourworkandtheendlesspossibilitiesinourfuture.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutNima'sclimbingability?A.Hefollowedtraditionalmethods. B.Helearnedfromfamilyguidance.C.Hetrainedwithexperiencedclimbers. D.Heshowedremarkableclimbingtalent.25.WhatmakesNima’sfamilyspecial?A.Theycreatedclimbinghistory. B.Theyteachclimbingtechniqueswell.C.Theydevelopnewclimbingmethods. D.Theymaintainclimbingtraditionswell.26.HowdoSherpashelpclimbers?A.Theymanageclimbingequipment. B.Theyensureclimbers'safety.C.Theycarryheavyloadsoccasionally. D.Theytrydifferentroutesregularly.27.WhatistheauthorintendedtotellyoungSherpas?A.Workharderforbetterresults. B.Stayhumblewhileclimbingpeaks.C.Pursuedreamsbeyondcurrentroles. D.Followexperiencedclimbingguides.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。18岁的Nima创造登顶所有八千米高峰最年轻纪录，展示了夏尔巴人不仅是向导，更是登山运动员。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Atjust18yearsold,NimaRinjiSherpahascompletedataskthatfewcanevenimagine.Hehasbecometheyoungestperson,andoneofonlyabout50,toclimball14oftheworld’s“eight-thousanders”.(年仅18岁的尼玛·林吉·夏尔巴人完成了一项几乎无人能想象的任务。他成为了攀登世界上全部14座“八千人”的最年轻的人，也是仅有的50人之一)”可推知，其天赋异禀。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Nima’sfather,TashiLakpaSherpa,wasjust19whenhebecametheyoungesttoreachMountEverestwithoutextraoxygen.Hisuncle,MingmaGyabuSherpa,previouslyheldtherecordastheyoungestpersontoclimball14eight-thousandersatage30in2019.(尼玛的父亲扎西·拉克巴·夏尔巴在19岁时成为了最年轻的无氧登顶珠峰的人。他的叔叔明马·嘉布阿瑟巴此前在2019年以30岁的年龄保持着最年轻的记录，成为攀登全部14座8000米高山的人)”可知，他的家人创造过登山记录。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theirimportantworkincludesfindingsaferoutes,carryingheavyloads,andprotectingclimbersindifficultconditions.(他们的重要工作包括寻找安全的路线，搬运重物，在困难的条件下保护登山者)”可知，他们始终确保登山者的安全。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Mountainclimbingismorethanwork;itshowsourstrengthanddetermination,”Nimasaid.“ThroughSherpaPower,IwanttoshowyoungSherpasthattheycanbemorethansupportclimbersandreachtheirfullpotentialastopathletes.Wearenotjustguides;weareleaders.LetthisinspireeverySherpatoseetheprideinourworkandtheendlesspossibilitiesinourfuture.”(“登山不仅仅是工作；这显示了我们的力量和决心。”尼玛说道。“通过SherpaPower，我想向年轻的夏尔巴人展示，他们不仅可以支持登山者，还可以充分发挥他们作为顶级运动员的潜力。我们不仅仅是向导；我们是领导者。让这激励每一个夏尔巴人看到我们工作的骄傲和未来的无限可能。”)”可知，作者想告诉年轻夏尔巴人的就是：希望他们追求超前的梦想。故选C项。CThosewhogrewupinthe1960smayremembertheclassicHanna—Barberacartoon‘TheJetsons’,showinganear—futurewhereflyingcarsmoveacrosstheskies.Whilethismaysoundlikepurefantasy,expertsinAustriasaytheirnewvehiclewilltaketotheairwithinjustafewmonths—markinganewmilestoneinpassengertransport.CycloTech,anaviation(航空)companybasedinLinz,hasshownBlackbird,aflyingtaxithatusesamodernboat—inspiredall—electricpowersystem.Thevehiclecanmoveinalldirectionsthankstoasystemofspinningpartsthatgoroundandroundliketheclassic‘VoithSchneider’engineonaship.Measuring16feetlongandwithamaximumtake—offweightof340kg,theaircraftcarriestwopeoplethroughtheairatupto74mph.Whilestillindevelopment,Blackbirdisexpectedtobecompletedbytheendofthismonth,withthefirstflightofafull—scalemodelplannedbytheendofMarchnextyear.Inthecomingyears,peoplecouldbookanUber-styletriponBlackbirdandbetransportedmuchfasterthanregularcarsontheground.Thecompanyhasreceived$21.8millioninfundingearlierthisyeartobringitclosertomarket.Asshowninthecompany'sdesigns,Blackbirdhassixsetsofelectricspinningpartsthatturninacircle—called‘cyclorotors’—whicharebasedonboatpowersystems.Astheyrotate,thesespinningpartscreateanupwardforcestrongenoughtoliftBlackbirdstraightupintotheair.Byslightlyadjustingthepositionofeachmovingpart,thedirectionofmovementcanbechanged,allowingeasychangefromfloatingtoforwardflight.FlyingtaxislikeBlackbirdcouldtravelthroughtheairalmostwithoutstopping—offeringrelieffromthefrequentstopsofground-basedtaxitrips.“WithourBlackbird,weareshowinghowthisnewtechnologywillopenupthemarketforflyingcars,”saidHans-GeorgKinsky,CEOofCycloTech.28.WhatdoweknowaboutBlackbird?A.Ithascomeintoservice. B.Itispoweredbyelectricity.C.Itcanmoveinbothdirections. D.Itrunsfasterthanelectriccars.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rotate”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Move. B.Stay. C.Dive. D.Land.30.WhatadvantagedoesBlackbirdhave?A.Itsavesmoremoney. B.Itfliesmoresafely.C.Itprovidesmorepleasure. D.Itworksmorequietly.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlydealwith?A.Thefutureofflyingcars. B.Theoriginofflyingcars.C.Thepotentialofflyingcars. D.Thedevelopmentofflyingcars.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了奥地利公司CycloTech开发的飞行出租车Blackbird，展示了这款借鉴船只技术、能够全方位移动的创新型飞行汽车，标志着未来交通发展的重要里程碑。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“CycloTech,anaviation(航空)companybasedinLinz,hasshownBlackbird,aflyingtaxithatusesamodernboat—inspiredall—electricpowersystem.(位于林茨的航空公司CycloTech展示了一款名为“黑鸟”（Blackbird）的飞行出租车，它采用了一种受现代船只启发的全电动动力系统。)”可知，Blackbird依靠电力驱动。故选B。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Astheyrotate,thesespinningpartscreateanupwardforcestrongenoughtoliftBlackbirdstraightupintotheair.(正如该公司的设计所示，黑鸟有六套电动旋转部件，它们在一个圆圈内旋转—被称为“旋翼”，这是基于船舶动力系统的。)”以划线处下文“thesespinningpartscreateanupwardforcestrongenoughtoliftBlackbirdstraightupintotheair.(这些旋转的部件会产生一股向上的力量，足以将黑鸟直接提升到空中。)”可知，黑鸟的电动旋转部件，可以产生一种向上的力量，将黑鸟提升到空中，由此可以推断，当它转动时，才会产生这种力量，因此推断划线单词含义与“转动”意义相近。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“FlyingtaxislikeBlackbirdcouldtravelthroughtheairalmostwithoutstopping—offeringrelieffromthefrequentstopsofground-basedtaxitrips.(像“黑鸟”这样的飞行出租车几乎可以不间断地在空中飞行，从而缓解了地面出租车频繁停车的问题。)”可知，飞鸟这样的飞行出租车可以一直不间断飞行，帮助缓解出租车频繁停车的问题，因此可以减少乘客的换乘，提供一种舒适度和乘车的乐趣。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whilethismaysoundlikepurefantasy,expertsinAustriasaytheirnewvehiclewilltaketotheairwithinjustafewmonths—markinganewmilestoneinpassengertransport.(虽然这听起来像是纯粹的幻想，但奥地利的专家表示，他们的新交通工具将在几个月内升空，这标志着客运领域的一个新的里程碑。)”，第二段“CycloTech,anaviation(航空)companybasedinLinz,hasshownBlackbird,aflyingtaxithatusesamodernboat—inspiredall—electricpowersystem.(位于林茨的航空公司CycloTech展示了一款名为“黑鸟”（Blackbird）的飞行出租车，它采用了一种受现代船只启发的全电动动力系统。)”，第三段“Inthecomingyears,peoplecouldbookanUber-styletriponBlackbirdandbetransportedmuchfasterthanregularcarsontheground.(在未来的几年里，人们可以在黑鸟上预订一次优步式的旅行，并且比地面上的普通汽车快得多。)”，第四段“Astheyrotate,thesespinningpartscreateanupwardforcestrongenoughtoliftBlackbirdstraightupintotheair.(当它们旋转时，这些旋转的部件会产生一股向上的力量，足以将黑鸟直接提升到空中。)”以及最后一段““WithourBlackbird,weareshowinghowthisnewtechnologywillopenupthemarketforflyingcars,”saidHans-GeorgKinsky,CEOofCycloTech.(通过我们的黑鸟，我们展示了这项新技术将如何为飞行汽车打开市场。)”可知，本文主要介绍了奥地利公司CycloTech开发的飞行出租车Blackbird的动力原理，优势，以及发展前景等。因此本文主要讲述飞行出租车的发展。故选D。DThedevastationofhurricanes,earthquakes,tsunamisortornadoesisoftenconveyedbyhowmanypeoplehavebeeninjuredorkilled.Andbasedonthis,weassess“howbadwasitreally?”Forexample,therecenthurricaneseasonintheAtlantichascostnearly300livesintheUSandtheCaribbean,withHelenekillingatleast228people.Thesedeathsareusuallyduetofloodingofhousesandresultantdrownings,injuriescausedbythedestructionofbuildingsorlossofemergencymedicalcare.Butnewresearchchallengesustoseethesedisastersasbroadereventsthathavelastingeffectsfordecadesaftertheyhit—whetherfromstress,financialhardship,pollutionorlong-termdisease.AnewpaperinNaturemagazinedevelopsamethodologytoestimatetheoveralleffectofindividualtropicalcyclones(iehurricanesandtropicalstorms)onallcausesofmortality(死亡率)acrossallpopulationswithintheUS.Theauthorsanalyzedhowmortalityrateswithinastatechangedfor20yearsafterthestatewashitbyanaturaldisaster,andtookmortalitydatafrom1950to2015toformalonger-termpicture.TheNaturepaperisofgreatimportancebecauseit'sthefirstsystematicattempttolookacrosshundredsofwhatwemightcall“naturaldisaster”eventsandattempttocapturethefullimpactintermsofdeathsoverdecades,saysMathildaShannon,whostudiesdisastermanagementatManchesterUniversity.WhilethestudyfocusedonhurricanesandsimilarstormsintheUS,thattypeofmethodologycouldbeusedtostudythelong-termhealthimpactsofotherdisasters,fromclimatefloodstoheatwaves,andcouldevenbebroadenedtounderstandtheindirecthealthimpactsofanykindofsocietalshock—whetheranaturaldisasterorconflict.32.WhyistherecenthurricaneseasonintheAtlanticmentioned?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toexplainatrend.C.Toexpressasocialopinion. D.Tohighlightthedamage.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Theconsequenceofdisastersistemporary.B.Individualtropicalcyclonescanbeestimated.C.Theanalysisofthemortalityratesismeaningless.D.Peoplewillexperiencevarioussufferingsafterdisasters.34.What'sMathildaShannon'sattitudetowardstheNaturepaper?A.Doubtful. B.Favourable. C.Opposed. D.Indifferent.35.Whatcanweknowaboutthemethodologyfromthelastparagraph?A.It'sinstant. B.It'svalueless. C.It'shelpful. D.It'sunscientific.【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《自然》杂志上发表的一篇文章，文章指出，灾难袭击的影响会持续到很多年之后。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Butnewresearchchallengesustoseethesedisastersasbroadereventsthathavelastingeffectsfordecadesaftertheyhit—whetherfromstress,financialhardship,pollutionorlong-termdisease.AnewpaperinNaturemagazinedevelopsamethodologytoestimatetheoveralleffectofindividualtropicalcyclones(hurricanesandtropicalstorms)onallcausesofmortality(死亡率)acrossallpopulationswithintheUS.(但新的研究挑战我们，让我们把这些灾难看作是更广泛的事件，在它们发生后的几十年里会产生持续的影响——无论是来自压力、经济困难、污染还是长期疾病。《自然》杂志上的一篇新论文开发了一种方法来估计单个热带气旋（即飓风和热带风暴）对美国所有人口中所有死亡原因的总体影响。)”可知，作者提及大西洋沿岸近期的飓风是为了引出本文的话题。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butnewresearchchallengesustoseethesedisastersasbroadereventsthathavelastingeffectsfordecadesaftertheyhit—whetherfromstress,financialhardship,pollutionorlong-termdisease.(但新的研究挑战我们，让我们把这些灾难看作是更广泛的事件，在它们发生后的几十年里会产生持续的影响——无论是来自压力、经济困难、污染还是长期疾病。)”可知，灾难过后，人们会经历各种痛苦。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“TheNaturepaperisofgreatimportancebecauseit'sthefirstsystematicattempttolookacrosshundredsofwhatwemightcall“naturaldisaster”eventsandattempttocapturethefullimpactintermsofdeathsoverdecades,saysMathildaShannon,whostudiesdisastermanagementatManchesterUniversity.(曼彻斯特大学研究灾害管理的玛蒂尔达·香农（MathildaShannon）说，《自然》杂志的这篇论文非常重要，因为它是第一次系统地研究数百起我们可能称之为“自然灾害”的事件，并试图捕捉几十年来死亡人数的全面影响。)”可知，MathildaShannon认为《自然》杂志的论文非常重要，因此她对此论文持支持态度。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WhilethestudyfocusedonhurricanesandsimilarstormsintheUS,thattypeofmethodologycouldbeusedtostudythelong-termhealthimpactsofotherdisasters,fromclimatefloodstoheatwaves,andcouldevenbebroadenedtounderstandtheindirecthealthimpactsofanykindofsocietalshock—whetheranaturaldisasterorconflict.(虽然这项研究的重点是美国的飓风和类似的风暴，但这种方法可以用来研究其他灾害对健康的长期影响，从气候洪水到热浪，甚至可以扩大到了解任何一种社会冲击对健康的间接影响——无论是自然灾害还是冲突。)”可知，这种方法可以用来研究其他灾害或任何其他社会灾难对健康的影响，因此这种方法是有帮助的。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。4WaystoFeelMoreMotivatedWhenit'sColdOutsideColdweatherissuchagreattimetostayin,andgetcomfortable.Sometimesitcanfeelhardtostayeageranddotaskswhenallyouwanttodoisstaywarm.Pursuinggoalsalwaysfeelsgood,buttheallure(吸引力)ofwarmblanketsissuperattractive.____36____.Spendtimeoutsideinthesunlight.SunlightisessentialformorethanjustvitaminD.____37____.Feelinggoodcanhelpyougettheinspirationandmotivation(动力)youneed.Sotakeawalkorspendsometimeonyourporch.Thesunlightandfreshairarewaitingforyou.____38____.Focusingonthebeautyandmagicoftheseasoncanbeagreatwaytobringbackyourmotivation.Choosingtothinkaboutthepositiveaspectsoftheseasoncanbeofgreathelptoyou.Scheduletimeforwhatyoulove.Ifyouhavehobbiesoractivitiesthatyouusuallyenjoydoing,trytoscheduletimeandmakeitapriority.Whenyoufeelbored,youcansometimesmakeexcusesanddelaydoingthings,eventhingsthatyoureallylovedoing.____39____.Thatway,yougettodotheactivityyouloveandyoualsogettoenjoythegoodfeelingsyougetfromdoingwhatyoulove.Thatwillreallyimproveyourmood.Wakeupearly.Thedaysareshortinthewinter!____40____!Risingwiththesuncanbebeneficialduringthecoldermonths,andthatitcanhelpyoustayeagerduringthosemonths.Thatwayyougettohavethesunlightforasmuchtimeaspossible.A.EnjoythewinterbeautyB.VitaminisessentialforthehumanbodyC.AstudyshowsthatsunlighthelpstofeelgoodD.ThecoldmonthsmightbedarkwhereyouliveE.Soscheduletheseactivitiesandmakethempartofyourto-dolistF.SoyoumightaswellwakeupearlyandenjoythemasmuchaspossibleG.Herearefourstrategiestohelpyoustaymotivated,evenduringthewinter【答案】36.G37.C38.A39.E40.F【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了在冬天也能帮助你保持动力的四种方法。【36题详解】设空位于首段段尾，应是承接上文，并引出本文主题，根据前文“Coldweatherissuchagreattimetostayin,andgetcomfortable.Sometimesitcanfeelhardt