河南专用2020版中考英语语法过关专题二代词课件人教新目标版

专题二代词考点一人称代词与物主代词考点突破考点二反身代词、指示代词、替代词及it考点三不定代词考点一人称代词与物主代词考点突破人称代词及物主代词的构成及用法人称代词不仅指人,也可指物,有人称、数和格的变化。物主代词是人称代词的

属格形式,表示“所有”关系,有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。数人称词义类型单数

复数

一二三一二三

我你她/他/它我们你们他们/她们/它们主格Iyoushe;he;itweyouthey宾格meyouher;him;itusyouthem一、人称代词二、物主代词注意:1.几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是:单数:“二、三、一”即you,he/sheandI复数:“一、二、三”即we,youandthey数人称词义类

型单数

复数

一二三

一二三

我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他/她/它们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishers/oursyourstheirs2.形容词性物主代词通常放在名词前作定语。如:mypenpal我的笔友hername她的名字3.名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已经提及的名词,相当于“形容词性物主代

词+名词”。常和of连用作定语。如:Thisbookismine.Yours(Yourbook)isonyourdesk.这本书是我的。你的(书)在你的桌子上。Judyisafriendofmine.Judy是我的一个朋友。考点二反身代词、指示代词、替代词及it一、反身代词反身代词是表示“我(们)自己”、“你(们)自己”、“他/她/它(们)自己”的代词。注意:反身代词和其他词连用,构成固定词组。如:enjoyoneself过得愉快;玩得高兴byoneself独自反身代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselveshelponeselfto...随便吃/用……dressoneself某人自己穿衣服cometooneself苏醒hurtoneself受伤teachoneself/learnbyoneself自学单数thisthat复数thesethose二、指示代词注意:1.this/these指代下文要提到的事,that/those指上文提到过的事。如:Pleaserememberthis:Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.请记住:有志者,事竟

成。Hewasbusy.Thatwaswhyhedidn'tgooutforawalkwithus.他很忙。那就是他没有和我们一起去散步的原因。2.打电话时用this指代自己,用that指代对方。如:ThisisNancyspeaking.Who'sthat?我是Nancy,你是谁?三、it,one/ones,that/those作替代词时的区别1.it特指上文提到的同一对象,是同一事物。如:Ihaveanewschoolbag.It'sverynice.我有一个新书包。它很漂亮。2.one泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个(表示几个时用ones),同类而不同物。

如:—Whohasadictionary?谁有词典?—Ihaveone.我有一本。3.that常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词,以避免

重复;若前面提到的可数名词为复数,则用those代替。如:TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.冬天北京的天气

比广州的天气冷。四、it的特殊用法:1.it作形式主语,常用于以下句型:It'+adj.(+for/ofsb.)+todosth.(对某人来说)做某事是……的。It's+adj.+that从句某事是……的。2.it作形式宾语。如:Ifinditboringathome.我发现在家里很无聊。考点三不定代词一、普通的不定代词不定代词是不明确代指某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词,它们起

名词或形容词的作用。常考的易混不定代词有很多,常见的有如下几组:many修饰可数名词,表示“许多;大量”much修饰不可数名词,表示“许多;大量”alotof/lotsof既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词some既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词;多用在肯定句中;还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中any既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词;any多用在否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中few修饰可数名词,表否定意义,意为“不多,很少”afew修饰可数名词,表肯定意义,意为“几个;有些”little修饰不可数名词,表否定意义,意为“几乎没有”alittle修饰不可数名词,表肯定意义,意为“少量;一些”1.表示数量的词或短语注意:some,any,few,little,both,neither等既可作代词,也可作限定词修饰名

词。如:—Youmustbethirsty.CanIgetyousometea?你一定渴了。我给你倒点茶水吧?—Justalittleplease.请给我一点点。2.either,neither,both,all,noneeither表示“两者中的任何一个”,可以和or搭配neither表示“两者都不”,可以和nor搭配both表示“两者都”,可以和and搭配all表示“都”,适用于三者或三者以上的人或物none表示“都不”,适用于三者或三者以上的人或物3.every(作限定词),each侧重点each强调个体;every强调整体。两者都和可数名词的单数搭配。each和“every+名词”作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式适用范围each适用于两个或两个以上的人或物;every适用于三个或三个以上的人或物不定代词意义用法说明other另外的只作定语,常与复数名词连用;但如果前面有the,this,that,some,any,each,every,no,one,my,your,his等时,则可与单数名词连用theother两者中的另一个常与one连用,构成“one...theother...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部”others另一些泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定语,构成“some...others...”theothers其余的特指其余的人或物another另一个指三者或三者以上中的任何一个,用作限定词或代词4.other,theother,others,theothers,another二、复合不定代词1.初中阶段常用复合不定代词列表如下:2.在反意疑问句中,当陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如everybody,no-

body,anyone等时,反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词they;当陈述部分的主语是指

物的复合不定代词,如everything,anything,something,nothing等时,反意疑问部分somebody(某人)anybody(随便哪个人/任何人)nobody(没有人)everybody(每人)someone(某人)anyone(随便哪个人/任何人)noone(没有人)everyone(每人)something(某事)anything(随便什么事/任何事)nothing(没有东西)everything(每一件事)的主语通常用代词it。如:Everybodyishere,aren'tthey?大家都在这里,不是吗?Everythingisready,isn'tit?所有东西都准备好了,不是吗?3.当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容

词或else常放在这些词的后面。如:Hehassomethingimportanttotellyou.他有一些重要的事情要告诉你。Canyoufindanyoneelse?你能找到其他人吗?4.everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;everyone既可指人也可指物,还可

以和of连用。如:I'dlikeeveryonetobehappy.我希望人人都幸福。Ihavekepteveryoneofherletters.我已经把她的每一封信都保存了下来。考点四疑问代词代词意义基本用法例句who谁在句中作主语或宾语Whoisthatgirl?那个女孩是谁?whom谁在句中作宾语Withwhomdidyougoswimming?你和谁去游泳的?whose谁的对物主代词进行提问Whosepenisthis?这是谁的钢笔?what什么对具体内容进行提问Whatdoyouknowaboutit?关于它,你了解些什么?which哪个对指定范围内的“哪个”进行提问Whichmoviedoyoulikebest?你最喜欢哪部电影?一、单句填空1.(2019河南)Whentimesaredifficult,tell

yourself

(you)thatpainispartof

growing.2.(2019北京)Mr.Wangiscomingtoourschool.Ican'twaittosee

him

(he).3.(2019江苏南京)LastmonththestudentsinChangjiangRoadPrimarySchoolheld

the“TenYearsofGrowthCeremony”tocelebrate

their

(they)10thbirthday

together.4.(2019重庆)Theirplantsdon'tgrowverywell,but

ours

(we)lookreallygood.中考题组5.(2019山西)—Newkindsofmorningexerciseslikedancingarebecomingpopu-

lar.—

They

(them)canhelpuskeepfitandhavefun.6.(2019湖北武汉)—Thisroomistoosmall.I'dliketoaskfor

another

.—Sure.Wehaveroomsavailablehere.7.(2019广东)NobodytaughttheoldladyhowtouseWeChat.Shelearneditallby

herself

(she).8.(2019福建)Almost

everyone

inourgrouphasbeentothe2ndDigitalChina

Summit.It'sfantastic.9.(2019安徽)Couldyoustayalittlelonger?Ihave

something

moretotellyou

abouttheplanfortomorrow.10.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨)Learningisalifelongjourneybecausewecanlearn

something

neweveryday.11.(2019江苏苏州)—Hello,areyouMr.Morrison?—Yes.That's

me

(I).12.(2019河北)—Myrulerisbroken.CanIborrow

yours

(you)?—Ofcourse.Hereitis.13.(2019四川成都)—UncleLee,mayIuseyourbike?—Sorry,mineisbroken.Youcanaskyourauntfor

hers

(she).14.(2019湖南长沙)—Sosorry,ItookyourschoolT-shirtbymistake.Butwhereis

mine

(I)?—Don'tworry.Letmehelpyoufindit.15.(2019广西南宁)Look!Thewomanoverthereisourteacher.Sheteaches

us

(we)English.16.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特)—MayIhelpyouwithsomejeans,sir?—Yes,I'dliketotryonthoseblue

ones

.17.(2019浙江温州)Samfindssweepingrobotsuseful,andheplanstobuy

one

forhisgrandma.18.(2018河南)Asachild,Iwouldsitforhoursbytheriverdoing

nothing

—

simplydaydreaming.19.(2018北京)MybrotherandIlikefootball.

We

(us)playittogetheroncea

week.20.(2018天津)—Sheistoobusytohelpusfinishthework.—Let'sdoit

ourselves

(we).21.(2018上海)Myfatherisagooddoctor.

He

(him)workshardtohelphispa-

tients.22.(2018广东)BoxingDay,the26thofDecember,got

its

(it)namefromatime

whenmanyrichfamiliesgaveboxesofgiftstopoorpeoplewhohadtoworkat

Christmas.23.(2018湖北武汉)—Doyouknowwherethelasttwopictureswent?—Amillionairebought

both

ofthem.Hethoughttheywereworth.24.(2018福建)—Itriedmanywaystosolvetheproblem,but

none

ofthem

worked.—Nevergiveup.You'llsurelymakeit.25.(2018吉林)—Whichclubdoyouwanttojoin,thechessclubortheswimmingclub?—

Neither

.Iwanttojointhebasketballclub.26.(2017河南)HisnameisJames,butheusuallycalls

himself

(he)Jim.二、语篇填空(2020河南中考预测)阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完

整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。theydangerouswhentellmovebravefacesaylikelargeOneday,twomenwentalongalonelyroadandtalkedofwhattheywoulddoifa

bearorwolvesattacked(进攻)1

.“Don'tfear,”2

thelargerone,“Ican

protectyouandme,too,sotherewillbeno3

.Thereisnothingintheforestfor

anymantofear,exceptahungrybear,andI'dliketomeetthebearthatcouldbea

matchforme.”Justatthattime,ahugebearappearedontheroadand4

towardsthetwomen.Thetwomenranforatree.Theonewhospokeso5

reacheditfirstandclimbed

tosafety.Thesmallerman,beingleftto6

thebearalone,threwhimselfonthe

groundandlayasifhewasdead.7

thebearcameup,hesmeltthemanonthegroundandwentaway.Thenthe8

mancamedownfromthetreeandsaid,

“Whatdidthebearsayinyourear?Youseemed9

oldfriends.”“Oh,”theotheranswered,“He10

menevertotrustapersonwhotalksbig.”1.

them

2.

said

3.

danger

4.

moved

5.

bravely

6.

face

7.

When

8.

larger

9.

like

10.

told

一、单句填空1.(2019河南新乡一模)OldMr.Blackliveshappilywithhisthreedogs.

All

of

themarepartofhisfamily.2.(2019河南洛阳一模)Ifyouwanttoseemeortalktomeor

anything

,just

stopin.3.(2019河南安阳一模)Wecan'tleaveIrisby

herself

(she).Sheisafraidofher

ownshadow.4.(2019河南焦作一模)—Thebook12

Rules

for

Lifeisveryinteresting!模拟题组—Yes.Oneoftherulesis“Compareyourselftowhoyouwereyesterday,notto

who

someone

elseistoday.”5.(2019河南许昌一模)Mr.Strangenamedhispetdog“Cat”.Hewantedtoknow

ifCatdoubted

itself

(it)whenitwascalled.6.(2019河南中原名校中考第一次大联考)Lilysingsverywell.Infact,Idon't

think

anyone

cansingbetterinmyclass.7.(2019河南中原名校中考第二次大联考)—Whichofthetwoscarveswouldyou

like?—

Neither

.Idon'tliketheirstyles.8.(2019河南百校联盟大联考)—Doyouhaveanyinterestingnewstotellustoday,

Rose?—No,

nothing

much.9.(2019河南郑州二模)—IhavetogotoWandaPlazatobuyanewfootball.—Whynotbook

one

onyourmobile?You'llgetitinanhour.10.(2019河南省实验中学二模)Shelostherselfindoingherhomeworksothatshe

didn'thear

somebody

knockingatthedooratall.11.(2018河南开封一模)—Mum,I'lltakeexamsafterMayDay.I'mabitstressed.—Believein

yourself

(you).Ithinkyouwillmakeit.12.(2018河南许昌一模)Wedon'thaveenoughbooksfor

everybody

;some

peoplewillhavetoshare.13.(2018河南商丘一模)—Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.—Why

me

(I)?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.14.(2018河南洛阳二模)—AlatestLuoyang

Daily,please.—Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave

it

,sir?15.(2018河南郑州一模)—Haveyougotallyourtextbooks?—Don'tworry,Mom.

None

isleft.Theyareallinmyschoolbag.16.(2018河南商丘二模