中考英语总复习-语法十-非谓语动词市赛课公开课一等奖省课获奖课件

菏泽语法十非谓语动词1/44考点1动词不定式动词不定式基本形式是“to＋动词原形”，否定形式是在不定式前加not。动词不定式含有动词特点，能够有自己宾语和状语，但没有些人称与数改变，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式及其宾语和状语组成不定式短语。2/44(1)作主语动词不定式作主语时，能够用动名词替换且惯用it作形式主语，把动词不定式后置，常组成“It＋be＋adj.(＋forsb.)＋动词不定式”。It'simportant(forus)toprotecttheenvironment.(对我们来说)保护环境很主要。3/44(2)作表语MyjobistoteachEnglish.我工作是教英语。(3)作宾语或宾语补足语①接todo作宾语动词或短语有want,begin/start,love,forget,remember,teach,decide,agree,seem,wouldlike,plan等。4/44②接动词不定式作宾语补足语动词有ask,tell,invite,allow,want,wish,encourage等。③在使役动词make,let,have和感官动词see,feel,notice,look,smell等后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略。help后不定式可带to也可不带。5/44makesb.dosth.被动语态必须加tomakesb.dosth.中用不带to不定式作宾语补足语，不过变为被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原。6/44(4)作定语Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有许多家庭作业要做。★动词不定式与所修饰名词之间是动宾关系，假如不定式是不及物动词，其后要有相关介词。Thecatiseasytotakecareof.这只猫很轻易照料。7/44(5)作状语Mrs.WangwenttoShanghaitoseeherdaughter.王太太去上海看她女儿。(目标)We'regladtomeetyouhere.我们很高兴在这儿见到你。(原因)Heistootiredtoworkon.他太累了不能继续工作了。(结果)8/44(6)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构疑问词who,what,when,where,how,which等后接动词不定式，在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Theteacheristellingthestudentswhattodo.老师正告诉学生们做什么。Hedidn'tknowwheretogo(＝whereheshouldgo)．他不知道去哪里。9/44(7)含动词不定式特殊句型与短语too...to...太……而不能……Whydon'tyoudosth.？为何不做某事？hadbetterdosth.最好做某事prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事makesb.dosth.让某人去做某事bemadetodosth.被迫做某事10/441．(·齐齐哈尔中考)—Ittakesmehalfanhour__playingthepiano.Howaboutyou?—Iusuallyspend20minutes__it.A．practicing;onB．topractice;inC．topractice;onC11/442．(·绥化中考)Myparentshavealotofhousework__．A．do B．todo C．doing3．(·齐齐哈尔中考)Itisrainingoutside.Whynot__anumbrella?A．totake B．take C．takingBB12/444．Asavolunteer,thegirlwantstovisitsickkidsinthehospital__themup.A．tocheer B．cheerC．cheering D．cheered5．Hefounditimportant__thesituationallovertheworld.A．study B．tostudyC．studies D．tobestudiedAB13/446．(·南充中考)—Mario,yourmobilephoneisringing.—Waitaminute.It'sdangerousforus__itwhilecrossingthestreet.A．answeringB．toanswerC．answerD．answeredB14/447．(·宜宾中考)Thechildiscrying.Pleasedosomethingtomakehim__．A．stoptocryB．stopcryingC．tostopcryingB15/448．(·天津中考)Weonlyplanned__theplayforanhour,butintheend,westayedforthreehours.A．watch B．watches C．towatch D．watched9．Yourfatherissleeping.You'dbetter__．A．notwakeuphimB．nottowakeuphimC．notwakehimupD．nottowakehimupCC16/4410．(·河南中考)Wheneverwekidscomeover,AuntieSusanjuststandsthereandwatchesus__surewedon'tbreakanything.A．makeB．madeC．tomakeD．makingC17/4411．—Hi,Betty.Shallwegoswimmingthatday?—Sorry,Ihavealotofhomework__thisSunday.A．todoB．doneC．doD．tobedoneA18/4412．(·长春中考)__Chineseculture,manycollegestudentsgotoforeigncountrieseveryyear.A．SpreadingB．TospreadC．SpreadsD．SpreadB19/4413．(·郴州中考)—Whatshallwedothisweekend?—We'lldrivetoDongjiangLake__boating.A．togo B．go C．going14．(·海南中考)Aftertwohours'drive,thedriverdecided__andhavearest.A．stop B．tostop C．stoppingAB20/4415．(·扬州中考)MomdoesallthehouseworksothatSarahcantakethetime__herwordsonpaper.A．put B．putting C．toput D．puts16．Themeetingroomisbigenough__onehundredpeople.A．holding B．hold C．tohold D．holdsCC21/44考点2动名词动名词由“动词原形＋­ing”组成，与现在分词同形。动名词现有动词性质(可有宾语和状语)，也有名词性质，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。22/44(1)动名词惯用结构①只能跟动名词动词或短语有avoid,consider,enjoy,feellike,finish,mind,practice,suggest,bebusydoing,begoodatdoing,beinterestedindoing,can'thelpdoing,giveupdoing,makealiving(by)doing,putoffdoing等。23/44②have＋n.＋(in)doinghavefun(in)doing,havetrouble(in)doing,haveahardtime(in)doing,haveproblems/difficulties(in)doing等。③todoing结构，to是介词be/getusedtodoing,lookforwardtodoing,payattentiontodoing,preferdoingtodoing等。24/44(2)有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词，但表示意义不一样。25/4417．Haveyouforgotten__$1，000frommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember__ittomorrow?A．borrowing;tobringB．toborrow;tobringC．borrowed;bringingD．borrowing;bringingA26/4418．(·龙东中考)—Wouldyoumind__here?—Ofcoursenot.I'll___mycigaretteatonce.A．notsmoking;putawayB．notsmoking;putoutC．nottosmoke;putoffB27/4419．Everyonethinkstheproblemishard,buthehasnodifficulty__theproblem.A．workingoutB．havingworkedoutC．tohaveworkedoutD．toworkoutA28/4420．(·黄冈中考)—NowadayslotsofproductsfromChinaareverypopularintheworld.—Yeah!Manypeoplecanhardlyavoid__productsmadeinChina.A．tobuy B．buyingC．bought D．buyB29/4421．Mybrotherkeeps__mewithmywork.A．tohelp B．helpC．helping D．helped22．I'veenjoyed__totakewithyou.A．tobeable B．beingableC．tobeenable D．ofbeingableCB30/4423．Mr.Wangcameintotheofficewithout__thedoor.A．knock B．knockingatC．toknockat D．knockingto24．(·重庆中考)Daveisagoodboyandhealwaysfinishes__hishomeworkontime.A．do B．didC．does D．doingBD31/4425．(·渝北中考)Therearesomepeople__soccerinthepark.A．playB．playsC．playingD．toplayC32/4426．(·常州中考)—Whydoesn'tthesurgeonstop__lunch?—Becauseheistoobusy____adyingpatientintheoperationroom.A．tohave;tosave B．having;tosaveC．tohave;saving D．having;savingC33/4427．(·淮安中考)Theresearchhedevoteshimselfto__thefarmershaveabetterharvestisveryimportant.A．helpingB．tohelpC．helpD．helpedA34/44考点3现在分词现在分词由“动词原形＋­ing”组成，表示主动、进行意义，还含有形容词作用，可在句中作表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。35/44Thecryinggirlcan'tfindhermother.那个正在哭女孩找不到她妈妈了。(定语)Thestoryisinteresting.这个故事很有趣。(表语)Isawhimstudyingintheclassroom.我看到他正在教室里学习。(宾语补足语)Studyinghard,youwillpasstheexam.只要你努力学习，就会经过考试。(状语)36/4428．(·龙东中考)—IsawJim__intothatnewbuildingjustnow.—Oh,it'sournewlibrary.It__tothepublicforaweek.A．walk;hasopenedB．walking;hasbeenopenC．walking;hasopenedB37/4429．Iheardhim__anEnglishsongwhenIpassedhisroomlastnight.A．singB．singingC．sungD．tosingB38/4430．(·衡阳中考)Thenovelisgreat.I