黑龙江省青冈实验中学2024-2025学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题（含解析）

黑龙江省青冈实验中学2024--2025学年高一下学期入学考试英语试题一、阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。BookYourFieldTriptoPacificScienceCenterAfieldtriptoPacificScienceCenterisatime-honoredtraditionforstudentsofallagesacrossWashingtonState.Ourhands-onexhibits,shows,andcreativeprogramsinspirestudents'curiosityforscienceinadayofexplorationmeanttostrengthenyourcurriculumandfuellifelongenthusiasmforscience,math,engineeringandtechnology.Schedule(安排)YourFieldTripToscheduleyourfieldtrip,completetheregistrationrequestformavailableatthelinkwww.pacificsciencecenter.org/field-tripsl/,orcall(206)443-2925Monday—Fridayfrom8:30a.m.to4:30p.m.notlessthantwoweeksaheadofyourvisitdate.Wewillcontactyouwithintwobusinessdaystosetupyourfieldtrip.NewFall/winterHoursStartingSeptember3,2019PacSciwillbeclosedonMondaysandTuesdaysexceptforholidaysandweeksduringSeattlePublicSchoolbreaks.Wewillnolongerbebookingfieldtripsonthosedays,aswell.PricingFieldTripPackagePricePerStudentExhibitsOnly$9Package1Exhibitspluschoiceofoneexperiences$11Package2Exhibitspluschoiceoftwoexperiences$13Package3Exhibitspluschoiceofthreeexperiences$15Onefreeadultgeneraladmissioniscoveredforevery10paidstudents.Freeadultadmissiondoesn'tincludeIMAXdocumentary.Theseadultswillbechargeda$4IMAXdocumentaryadmission.Additionaladultsoutsideoftheratio(比例)willbechargedthestudentadmissionrate.PacificScienceCenterMembershipscannotbeappliedtofieldtrips.Paymentisdueoneweekbeforeyouvisit.AvailableExperiences■PlanetariumShows■IMAXDocumentaries■ScienceonaSphereShows■LaserShows1．WhatcanweknowaboutPacificScienceCenter?A．Itisfamousforitstypicalarchitecture.B．Itoffersstudentschancesforfreeclasses.C．It'swherestudentscanlearnaboutscience.D．ItisonlyaccessibletostudentsinWashington.2．If2teachersand10studentswatchexhibitsandIMAXDocumentaries,howmuchwilltheyatleastpay?A．$118. B．$125. C．$127. D．$134.3．Whencanwereserveafieldtripbyphone?A．Onweekends.B．AnyMondayorTuesday.C．Twoworkdaysaheadofthevisittime.D．Atleast14daysbeforetheactualvisit.阅读理解Thesummerbeforemy10thbirthdaymyfathermovedourfamilyofninekidstoafarm.Wehadalwayslivedinasmallcity,inthehousemydadhadgottenfrommygrandparentswhohadwantedfreshair,greenfoodandlotsofroomfortheirchildrenbutfailed.Myfatherheldthesamewill.He'dworkedmultiplejobsandsavedformanyyearsandcouldfinallyaffordaplaceinthecountryside.Nowaminorconcern:thehousehadnorunningwaterorelectricity.Buttherewere150acrestorunaroundin!Thatfirstyearmydadputinelectricity,becausemymomsimplyannounced,"Iwon'thaveoillampswithchildrenrunningaround!"Indoorplumbing(管道系统)hadtowaitanotheryear.Differentfriends,whomydadknewfromwork,askedifhe'dtaketheirlargedogswhocouldn'trunfreeinthecity.Soweallnowplayedwithabigorange-brownboxerandasportyGermanShorthairedPointer,whowenamedBillyandMolly.Minimalismwasourgoal,andalsoouronlychoice.Absolutelyourclotheswerehand-me-downs.Bananasandorangeswererare"imported"fruitwe'dseenatholidays.WefeltwewereyoungerthanpeerstherewasONEbirthdaypartyayear!We'dtaketurnsonceevery9yearsachildwouldhavehis/herownparty!Whilemoneywassoscarce,wehadjoytohandallthetime.Mymotherwasalwayssinging,yelling,orhugging.Andshetoldusweownedplenty!Tothisday,eachofusremembersthoseyearsasanabundanceofthings,laughter,arguing,makingpeace,andplayingtogether!Everychallengewasagametodefeat,andanyfailurewasachancetolearnthere.4．Whydidtheauthor'sfathermovetheirfamilytoafarm?A．Tocarryoutthewishofhisparents.B．Tostartabrandnewlifeinaluxuryhouse.C．Toimprovethechildren'slivingenvironment.D．Togetridoftheheavyworkloadinthecity.5．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Therewasnoelectricityintheirrooms.B．Twodogsbecamepartoftheauthor'slife.C．Theauthor'smotherhadasharptongue.D．Theirrurallifebecametheenvyoffriends.6．Whatistheauthor'stoneinParagraph3?A．Hopeful. B．Upset. C．Amazed. D．Amusing.7．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"scarce"inthelastparagraph?A．Practical. B．Accurate. C．Tight. D．Essential.阅读理解Shadowsareoftenassociatedwithdarknessanduncertainty.Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)aregivingshadowsapositivespinbydemonstratingawaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical(光学的)effecttogenerateelectricity.Theteamcreatedadevicecalledashadow-effectenergygenerator(SEG),whichmakesuseofthecontrastinillumination(照明)betweenlitandshadowedareastogenerateelectricity.It'smadeupofaseriesofthinstripsofgoldfilmonasiliconlayer,whichisthenplacedonaflexibleplasticbase."Inconventionaloptoelectronics(光电子学)whereasteadysourceoflightisusedtopowerdevices,shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.Inthiswork,wetookadvantageoftheilluminationcontrastcausedbyshadowsasanindirectsourceofpower.Thecontrastinilluminationcausesavoltage(电压)differencebetweentheshadowandilluminatedsections,resultinginanelectriccurrent.Thisnovelconceptofharvestingenergyinthepresenceofshadowsisunprecedented."explainedresearchteamleaderProfessorTanSweeChing.Mobileelectronicdevicessuchassmartphones,smartglassesande-watchesrequireefficientandcontinuouspowersupply.Asthesedevicesarewornbothindoorsandoutdoors,wearablepowersourcesthatcouldharnesssurroundinglightcanpotentiallyimprovethefunctionofthesedevices.Whilecommerciallyavailablesolarcellscanperformthisroleinanoutdoorenvironment,theirenergyharvestingefficiencydropssignificantlyunderindoorconditionswhereshadowsarepersistent.Thisnewapproachtomaximizingtheefficiencyofenergyharvestingisbothexcitingandtimely."WhenthewholeSEGisunderilluminationorinshadow,theamountofelectricitygeneratedisverylowornoneatall.WhenapartoftheSEGisilluminated,asignificantelectricaloutputisdetected.WealsofoundthatthebestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhenhalfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,asthisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationandcollectionrespectively."saidco-teamleaderProfessorAndrewWee.TheNUSresearchersarealsolookingatdevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtoclothingtoharvestenergyduringnormaldailyactivities.Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEGforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.8．Whyareshadowsconsideredundesirableintraditionaloptoelectronics?A．Theyservenousefulpurpose.B．Theyweakendeviceperformance.C．Theyarerareinoutdoorconditions.D．Theyaredifficulttocontrolorpredict.9．WhatdoweknowabouttheSEG?A．It'sspeciallydesignedtoworkinopenareas.B．Itwillreplaceexistingsolarcellsonceandforall.C．It'smosteffectivewhenfullypositionedinlightorinshadow.D．Itrequiresabalanceoflightandshadowtomaximizeelectricitygeneration.10．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．TheSEGisunlikelytoworkefficientlyindarkplaces.B．TheresearchersarelookingtoreducethecostoftheSEG.C．ThedevelopmentofSEGislimitedbyitshighproductioncost.D．TheresearchersaredevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtosmartphones.11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.B．Theproblemswithshadowsinconventionaloptoelectronics.C．Thechallengesofadaptingtechnologyforwearabledevices.D．Aneedforefficientpowersupplyinmobileelectronicdevices.阅读理解Australianscientistshavestartedvaccinating(接种疫苗)wildkoalasagainstthediseasechlamydia(衣原体病)inanambitioustrialinNewSouthWales(NSW).Theywanttotestawaytoprotecttheanimalsagainstthewidespreadconditionthatcausesblindness,theinabilitytohavebabies,anddeath."It'skillingkoalasbecausetheybecomesosickthattheycan'tclimbtreestogetfoodandfemalesareunabletohavebabies,"saidDr.SamuelPhillips,amicrobiologistattheUniversityoftheSunshineCoast.AroundhalfofthewildkoalapopulationintheNorthernRiversregionofNSW—about50animals—willbecaughtandvaccinated."Wewanttoevaluatewhatpercentageofthekoalasweneedtovaccinatetomeaningfullyreduceinfectionanddisease,"saidDr.Phillips.ThefirstkoalaswerecaughtandvaccinatedinMarchandtheeffortisexpectedtolastaboutthreemonths.Researchersusetelescopestospotkoalasinthetrees,thenbuildfencesaroundthetreebaseswithdoorsleadingintocages.Afterafewhoursordays,thekoalasclimbdownfromonetreetoseektastyleavesonanotherandwanderintotheharmlesstraps.Afteracheck-uptomakesuretheanimalsareingoodcondition,researchersgivethemanaesthesia(麻醉)tomakethemsleepbeforetheymanagethevaccine.Theywatchthekoalas'healthfor24hoursaftertheywakeuptomakesuretherearenosideeffects.Thegoalistovaccinatehealthykoalastopreventthemfrombecominginfectedwithchlamydia.Theresearchersmarkthekoalas'backswithpinkdyesothesameanimalsaren'tcaughttwice.Itisnotknownwhatcausedkoalastocatchchlamydia.Butthescientistsbelieveitwasprobablyfromexposuretotheinfectedsheepandcattle.Itspreadswhenkoalasmate,oritcanbepassedfromamothertoherbabies.12．Whywastheambitioustrialstarted?A．Toestablishawildlifereserve.B．Toattractthetouristsofallages.C．Totestanewlydevelopedvaccine.D．Toreduceinfectionamongkoalas.13．WhatisDr.Phillips'attitudetowardsthecurrentconditionofkoalas?A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Cautious.14．Whichcanbestdescribetheprocessofgivingkoalasanvaccine?A．Simple. B．Useless. C．Dangerous. D．Demanding.15．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Whykoalassufferfromthedisease.B．Howresearchersrecognizekoalas.C．Whatakoalafamilylargelyfeedson.D．Whenafemalekoalacanhaveababy.二、第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou'veeverwalkedaroundthestreetsofaChinesecityandseensticksofbrightlycoloredfruitshininginthewintersun,chancesarethatyou'vebeenatatanghulustall.16．?Alsocalledbingtanghulu,it'satraditionalnorthernChinesesnackmadeofskewered（串起的）freshfruitdippedintosyrupthathardensquickly,creatingahardshell.Crunchyandsweetontheoutside,softandsourontheinside,thissugarcoatedspecialtyofnorthernChinaisawinterfavoritewithyoungandoldalike.17．,manycreativetraders—andtanghululoversathome—willalsomakeitwithanynumberofotherdiversefruitslikestrawberries,grapes,mandarinorangesandpineapplesegments（瓣；片）.TanghuludatesbacktotheSongDynastywhenitwasafavoritewiththeChineseimperialfamily.Legendhasitthatwhenaprincessinthecourtfellsick,adoctorsuggestedsheeathawthorn（山楂）fruitfriedinbrownsugareverydayfortwoweeks.Onherrecovery,thedoctorbecamefamous.18．.Nowadaysit'sperhapsthemostpopularstreetsweetinChina.19．.Whentheweathercools,thevendors（小贩）increase,andyoucan'tavoidseeingthem.20．.A.SowhatistanghuluB.WhyistanghulusopopularC.WhiletraditionallymadewithChinesehawthornD.Tanghuluattractedmoreandmorepeople'sattentionE.AndthesnackfoundapermanentplaceonChina'sstreetsF.Atthecostofjusttenyuan,there'snotmuchstoppingyoufromtryingitG.You'lloftenseestreetvendorswiththeirlongbambooskewersofshinycandiedfruit三、语言运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Dr.SmithofNewYorkworksatacenterforchildrenwhocan'tlearnwell.Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfor21．athisoffice.ThefathertoldDr.Smithabouthisson."Mysonhas22．inlearningandcan'tevenplaybaseball.Heisn'tdoingwellbecausehedoesn'ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim.Ihaveevenshoutedathim.Butnothing23．."AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he24．hisfather.Heaskedthefathertositinfrontofa25．andthengavehimapencilandapieceofpaper.Therewasa26．onthepaper.Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand27．thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.Thefathermadethesame28．anyonemakes.Everytimehe29．thepencil,itwentthewrongway.Thefather'sfacebecamered.Atthis30．thedoctorshoutedathim,"Hurryup!Whyareyou31．solong?Youcan'tdosuchan32．thing!Youdon'tknowleftfromright!"These33．madethefatherveryangry."Nowyoucan34．,can'tyou?"Thedoctorsaidtohim."Yoursonhasfeltjustlikethatallthetime.Youscolded(训斥)himtoooften,sohedidn'ttryanymore.Hewasafraidofmakingmistakes."35．thefatherunderstoodeverything.Heputhisfacedown.Nowhefeltsosorry.21．A．testing B．acting C．teaching D．playing22．A．confidence B．interest C．experience D．difficulty23．A．returns B．helps C．appears D．remains24．A．waitedfor B．searchedforC．believedin D．calledin25．A．mirror B．television C．painting D．desk26．A．face B．line C．number D．star27．A．remove B．follow C．cross D．cut28．A．decisions B．choices C．mistakes D．patterns29．A．touched B．dropped C．moved D．sharpened30．A．speed B．corner C．end D．point31．A．staying B．taking C．preparing D．writing32．A．easy B．important C．inspiring D．exciting33．A．ideas B．words C．questions D．instructions34．A．relax B．leave C．understand D．promise35．A．Interestingly B．AbsolutelyC．Suddenly D．Unfortunately四、第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分15分36．Amongallthefacilities,thelibraryisthemostpopular____ofcollegestudents.A．circus B．amusement C．situation D．haunt37．Heenjoyedhimselfsomuchinthecountryside____theamazingsceneryimpressedhimalot.A．that B．which C．when D．where38．Theofthecrashvictimswasalonganddifficulttask.A．identity B．identification C．identifier D．identical39．Hardworkcanoften____alackofability.A．makeupfor B．aimto C．drawup D．turnup40．Theproject____thegovernmentisconcentratingisaimedatimprovingfoodsafety.A．withwhich B．withthat C．onwhich D．onwhom41．The____wascalledinforasecondinterviewafterimpressingthebosswithhisperformance.A．employer B．applicant C．interviewer D．colleague42．IwishI________atmysister'sWeddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.A．were B．am C．hadbeen D．was43．Whenfacedwiththeaudienceoffthestage,IwasverynervousandfeltI____.A．hadafroginmythroat B．hadbutterfliesinmystomachC．mademyfortune D．bravedtheelements44．____adequatemoneyforhisdreamguitar,thelittleboyhurriedtothestore,only____thatithadbeensoldtosomeoneelse.A．Saving;beingtold B．Saving;tobetoldC．Havingsaved;tobetold D．Havingsaved;beingtold45．Oneofthemain____ofherapplicationwasherrichvolunteerexperience,whichdemonstratedhercontributiontocommunityservice.A．forces B．strengths C．goods D．power46．Thecompanypromisesthatallemployeescanenjoya____schedule,whichappealstothosewhopreferfreeworkinghours.A．limited B．sufficient C．normal D．flexible47．ThisisthefirsttimethatI____suchaninterestingmovie.A．hadseen B．seen C．saw D．haveseen48．LiGuoQiangisthemost____leaderI'veevermet,whoseemsnevertired.A．dynamic B．anticipating C．innovation D．comprehensive49．Thesingerdidn't____atlast,whichmadehisfansfeel____.A．turnon;fool B．turnin;fooledC．turnup;fooling D．turnup;fooled50．Tangsaidthatatthebeginningoftheoutbreakofthevirus,therewasatime____theyhadtwoorthreedeathsatthehospitaleveryday,____deeplyworriedmedics.A．which;that B．when;which C．which;when D．when;that五、第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Assummervacationapproaches,studytoursofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentshavebecomepopular.51．(absorb)inacademicstudiesatschool,studentsareleftwithlittleroomforactivitiessuchaspracticallabororhands-onexperience.Duringthestudytours,theycome52．groupstomajorattractions,museumsandfarmstolearnwhilesightseeing.Educationaltripsofferstudentsprecious53．(opportunity)tobecomemoreindependent.By54．(engage)inindependentlivingandproblemsolvingwithpeers,studentscanlearntonavigatereal-lifesituations.六、第四部分写作(满分25分55．假设你叫李华，是一家英文杂志社的心理咨询师。某中学生小王给你写信，提到自己偏胖，想节食减肥，征求你的意见。请你给她回一封信，谈谈你对该问题的见解。内容要点如下：1.身心的健康和内在品质比漂亮的外表更重要；2.学生应以学习为主，减肥方法要科学；3.健康的心态也很重要。注意：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearXiaowang,Ihavereceivedyourletter,inwhichyoumentionthatyouwanttoloseweightbydieting.IhopemyadvicewillbehelpfultoyouandI'mlookingforwardtoyournextletter.Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分1．C2．B3．D本文是一篇应用文，介绍了预定到太平洋科学中心实地考察旅行的相关事项。

考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、数字计算题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Ourhands-onexhibits,shows,andcreativeprogramsinspirestudents'curiosityforscienceinadayofexplorationmeanttostrengthenyourcurriculumandfuellifelongenthusiasmforscience,math,engineeringandtechnology."我们的手工展览、表演和创意项目激发了学生对科学的好奇心，在这一天的探索意味着加强您的课程和推动对科学、数学、工程和技术的终身热情。可知，学生们可以在太平洋科学中心这里学习科学知识。故选C。2．考查数字计算。根据Pricing部分中的"Package1：Exhibitspluschoiceofoneexperiences$11"可知，10个学生的费用是11*10=110美元；以及"Onefreeadultgeneraladmissioniscoveredforevery10paidstudents.Freeadultadmissiondoesn'tincludeIMAXdocumentary.Theseadultswillbechargeda$4IMAXdocumentaryadmission.Additionaladultsoutsideoftheratio(比例)willbechargedthestudentadmissionrate."每10名付费学生可免费获得一次成人普通入场券。免费成人门票不包括IMAX纪录片。这些成年人将收取4美元的IMAX纪录片门票。超出这一比例的成人将按学生入场价格收费。可知，两名教师的费用是4+11=15美元。因此全部价格是125美元。故选B。3．考查细节理解。根据Schedule(安排)YourFieldTrip部分中的"…orcall(206)443-2925Monday—Fridayfrom8:30a.m.to4:30p.m.notlessthantwoweeksaheadofyourvisitdate."请在访问日期前不少于两周，在周一至周五上午8:30至下午4:30，可以打电话(206)443-2925预定您的实地考察。可知，至少在实地考察前2周，也就是至少14天前打电话预定。故选D。4．C5．B6．D7．C这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者的父亲为了改善孩子们的生活环境把家搬到了一个农场，事实证明，虽然条件艰苦，但是作者的生活很快乐。

考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第三句"Wehadalwayslivedinasmallcity,inthehousemydadhadgottenfrommygrandparents,whohadwantedfreshair,greenfoodandlotsofroomfortheirchildrenbutfailed.Myfatherheldthesamewill."（我们一直住在一个小城市里，住在爸爸从祖父母那里继承来的房子里，他们想要新鲜空气、绿色食物和给他们的孩子更多的空间，但都失败了。我父亲也有同样的意愿。）可知，作者的父亲把家搬到了一个农场是为了改善孩子们的生活环境。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句"Differentfriends,whomydadknewfromwork,askedifhe'dtaketheirlargedogswhocouldn'trunfreeinthecity.Soweallnowplayedwithabigorange-brownboxerandasportyGermanShorthairedPointer,whowenamedBillyandMolly."（我爸爸在工作中认识的不同的朋友问他是否能带着他们的大狗，这些狗不能在城市里自由奔跑。所以现在我们都和一只棕黄色的大拳击手和一只运动型的德国短毛猎狗一起玩，我们给它起名叫比利和莫莉。）可知，两只狗成为了作者生活的一部分。故选B。6．推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句"Wefeltwewereyoungerthanpeers(同龄人)-therewasONEbirthdaypartyayear!We'dtaketurns…onceevery9yearsachildwouldhavehis/herownparty!"（我们觉得自己比同龄人年轻——我们的同龄人每年有一次生日派对!我们会轮流……每9年一个孩子就会有他/她自己的派对！）可知，虽然条件艰苦，但是作者感到很快乐。所以第三段作者的语调是欢乐的。故选D。7．词义猜测题。根据第三段前两句"Minimalismwasourgoal,andalsoouronlychoice.Absolutelyourclotheswerehand-me-downs."（简约是我们的目标，也是我们唯一的选择。我们的衣服绝对是旧的。）可知，作者的生活条件很艰苦，所以钱是非常紧张的。故选C。8．B9．D10．B11．A本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的可产生电的发明，该发明利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电，该设备被称为"阴影效应能量发生器"。

考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。8．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容"Inconventionaloptoelectronicswhereasteadysourceoflightisusedtopowerdevices,shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.(在传统的光电子技术中，使用稳定的光源为设备供电，阴影是不可取的，因为它们会降低设备的性能。)"可知，阴影不可取的原因在于它们会降低设备的性能。故选B。9．推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容"WealsofoundthatthebestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhenhalfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,asthisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationandcollectionrespectively.(我们还发现，发电的最佳表面积是当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，因为这分别为电荷的产生和收集提供了足够的面积。)"可知，当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，即，光影面积平衡时，可实现最佳发电表面积。由此可推知，它需要光和影的平衡来最大限度地发电。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容"Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEGforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.(另一个有前景的研究领域是开发低成本的SEG，以有效地从室内照明中收集能量。)"可知，开发低成本的SEG是有前景的。由此可推知，研究人员在寻求降低SEG的成本。故选B。11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段"Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)aregivingshadowsapositivespinbydemonstratingawaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical(光学的)effecttogenerateelectricity.(现在，新加坡国立大学的研究人员正在给阴影一个积极的转变，他们展示了一种利用这种常见但常被忽视的光学效应来发电的方法。)"和文章第二段内容"Theteamcreatedadevicecalledashadow-effectenergygenerator(SEG),whichmakesuseofthecontrastinilluminationbetweenlitandshadowedareastogenerateelectricity.(该团队创建了一种称为阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）的设备，该设备利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电。)"可知，文章主要以"阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）"为话题，对其原理和应用进行了阐述。因此，选项A"Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.(一种利用阴影发电的创新方法。)"可对文章内容进行概述。故选A。12．D13．C14．D15．A本文是一篇新闻报道，澳大利亚新南威尔士州的野生考拉感染了衣原体病毒，当地科研人员开始给考拉接种疫苗，以减少病毒传播。

本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Theywanttotestawaytoprotecttheanimalsagainstthewidespreadconditionthatcausesblindness,theinabilitytohavebabies,anddeath."他们想要测试一种方法来保护这些动物免受导致失明、不能生育和死亡的疾病的影响；以及第三段中的"‘Wewanttoevaluatewhatpercentageofthekoalasweneedtovaccinatetomeaningfullyreduceinfectionanddisease,'saidDr.Phillips."菲利普斯博士说："我们想评估一下，我们需要为多少比例的考拉接种疫苗，才能有效减少感染和疾病。"可知，科学家们开展这项疫苗接种工作是为了减少衣原体病毒在考拉群体中的传播。故选D。13．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"‘It'skillingkoalasbecausetheybecomesosickthattheycan'tclimbtreestogetfood,andfemalesareunabletohavebabies,'saidDr.SamuelPhillips,""它正在杀死考拉，因为它们病得很重，无法爬树觅食，雌性也无法生育，"塞缪尔·菲利普斯博士说，可推断，Dr.Phillips对眼下考拉面临的情况甚为担优。故选C。14．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二中的"Theywatchthekoalas'healthfor24hoursaftertheywakeuptomakesuretherearenosideeffects."他们在考拉醒来后的24小时内观察它们的健康状况，以确保没有副作用。可推断，给考拉接种疫苗是一件劳神费力的事情。故选D。15．考查段落大意。根据最后一段"Itisnotknownwhatcausedkoalastocatchchlamydia,butthescientistsbelieveitwasprobablyfromexposuretotheinfectedsheepandcattle."目前尚不清楚是什么原因导致考拉感染了衣原体，但科学家们认为，这可能是因为接触了受感染的羊和牛。可知，本段主要介绍考拉感染衣原体病毒的原因。故选A。16．A；17．C；18．E；19．G；20．F本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种传统的中国北方小吃——糖葫芦。

考查七选五，本文是一篇文化类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空后"Alsocalledbingtanghulu,it'satraditionalnorthernChinesesnackmadeofskewered(串起的)freshfruitdippedintosyrupthathardensquickly,creatingahardshell."它也被称为冰糖葫芦，是一种传统的中国北方小吃，由新鲜水果串起蘸上迅速变硬的糖浆制成，形成坚硬的外壳。解释糖葫芦是什么，A.Sowhatistanghulu"那么什么是糖葫芦呢"符合语境，故选A。17．根据空后"manycreativetraders—andtanghululoversathome—willalsomakeitwithanynumberofotherdiversefruitslikestrawberries,grapes,mandarinorangesandpineapplesegments(瓣；片)."许多有创意的商人——以及国内的糖葫芦爱好者——也会用草莓、葡萄、橘子和菠萝等其他各种水果来做。可知，本段是介绍糖葫芦的制作原料，C.WhiletraditionallymadewithChinesehawthorn"虽然传统上是用山楂做的"符合语境，故选C。18．根据空前"TanghuludatesbacktotheSongDynastywhenitwasafavoritewiththeChineseimperialfamily.Legendhasitthatwhenaprincessinthecourtfellsick,adoctorsuggestedsheeathawthorn(山楂)fruitfriedinbrownsugareverydayfortwoweeks.Onherrecovery,thedoctorbecamefamous."糖葫芦的历史可以追溯到宋朝，当时它是中国皇室的最爱。传说朝廷里的一位公主生病了，医生建议她每天吃红糖炸的山楂，持续两周。康复后，这位医生名声大噪。可知，本段是介绍糖葫芦的起源和传说，空处位于段末，应是起到总结作用，E.AndthesnackfoundapermanentplaceonChina'sstreets"这种小吃在中国的街道上找到了一个永久的位置"符合语境，故选E。19．根据空前"Nowadaysit'sperhapsthemostpopularstreetsweetinChina."如今，它可能是中国最受欢迎的街头甜点)；以及空后"Whentheweathercools,thevendors(小贩)increase,andyoucan'tavoidseeingthem."当天气变凉时，小贩增多，你无法避免看到他们。可知，此处是说糖葫芦是受欢迎的街头小吃，很多小贩售卖，G.You'lloftenseestreetvendorswiththeirlongbambooskewersofshinycandiedfruit"经常会看到街头小贩拿着长长的竹签，上面串着闪闪发光的蜜饯水果"符合语境，故选G。20．根据空前"Whentheweathercools,thevendors(小贩)increase,andyoucan'tavoidseeingthem."当天气变凉时，小贩增多，你无法避免看到他们。提到在街上无法避免地会看到很多卖糖葫芦的，F.Atthecostofjusttenyuan,there'snotmuchstoppingyoufromtryingit"只要十元钱，没有什么能阻止你尝试一下"承接上文，符合语境，故选F。21．A；22．D；23．B；24．D；25．A；26．D；27．B；28．C；29．C；30．D；31．B；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．C本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位父亲带学习有困难的孩子去做测试。结果，父亲才是那个造成孩子学习困难的人。

考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．一天，一位父亲带着儿子到他的办公室做测试。A：testing"测试"；B：acting"行动"；C：teaching"教"；D：playing"玩耍"。根据下文"AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he4hisfather."Smith医生检查完男孩后，把他父亲叫来可知，男孩做了测试。故选A。22．我儿子学习有困难，甚至不会打棒球。A：confidence"自信心"；B：interest"兴趣"；C：experience"经验"；D：difficulty"困难"。根据下文"Heisn'tdoingwellbecausehedoesn'ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim."他做得不好，因为他没有尝试。我为他做了一切。可知，父亲为儿子做了一切，但是还是学习学不好，所以就认为儿子有学习困难。故选D。23．但是什么都没用。A：returns"归还"；B：helps"帮助"；C：appears"出现"；D：remains"仍然"。根据上文"Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfor11athisoffice."一天，一位父亲带着儿子到他的办公室做测试。可知，父亲带儿子来做测试，说明自己做的一切都是不起帮助作用的。故选B。24．Smith医生检查完男孩后，把他父亲叫来。A：waitedfor"等待"；B：searchedfor"寻找"；C：believedin"信任"；D：calledin"叫来"。根据空前"AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy"可知，Smith医生检查完男孩后会把父亲叫进来说明情况。故选D。25．他让父亲坐在镜子前，然后给了他一支铅笔和一张纸。A：mirror"镜子"；B：television"电视"；C：painting"绘画"；D：desk"桌子"。根据下文"Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand7thelinesofthestarwiththepencil."他让父亲只照镜子，用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。可知，父亲是坐在镜子前的。故选A。26．纸上有一颗星星。A：face"脸"；B：line"行"；C：number"数字"；D：star"星星"。根据下文"Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand7thelinesofthestarwiththepencil."他让父亲只照镜子，用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。可知，父亲是坐在镜子前画星星的。故选D。27．他让父亲只照镜子，用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。A：remove"移除"；B：follow"跟随，按照"；C：cross"跨过"；D：cut"切割"。根据空前"Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirror"可知，纸上有个星星，但是父亲只能按照要求照着镜子中的星星画。故选B。28．