致用英语第四册Unit3省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖课件

TheAgeofTimeUnit31/47万事日久自明。时间是治愈一切创伤良药。时代在变，人也在变。光阴一去不复返。白驹过隙，一去不复返。时间是锉刀，磨损静悄悄。2/477.时间比金钱更宝贵。你能获取更多金钱，但无法拥有更多时间。8.对于等候人，时间太慢；对于害怕人，时间太快；对于悲伤人，时间太长；对于喜悦人，时间太短；但对于心中有爱人，时间就是永恒。3/47Warm-upListeningandSpeakingA.Listentothefirstpartofamonologueabouttheinventionoftheclock.Answerthefollowingquestions.1.Whendidpeoplebegintomakeclocks?2.Wheredidthecivilisationofmakingclocksbegin?3.Whatroledidclocksplayatthattime?4.Whatisthedifferencebetweentheclockandtheseasonsandthephasesofmoonintermsofmeasuringtime?5.Wheredoestheword“clock”comefromandwhatdoesitmeanoriginally?6.Whenwasthefirstmechanicalalarmclockinvented?Approximately5,000to6,000yearsago.IntheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.Clocksincreasedtheeffectivenessofpeople’scalendars,andhelpedthemorganisetheirtime

moreefficiently.Astheseasonsandthephasesofthemooncanbeusedtomeasurethe

passageoflonger

periodsoftime,theclockisusedtomeasureshorterprocessesintermsofhoursandminutes.Theword“clock”comesfromtheFrenchword“cloche”meaningbell.Thefirstmechanicalalarmclockwasinventedin1787.4/475,000to6,000yearsEnhancecandlesburndownthepassageoftime5/47sundialsandhourglasseselectronicsnoclockworkpartsbatterieswinding6/47Warm-up

Notuntilsomewhatrecentlyintermsofhumanhistorydidpeoplefindaneedforknowingthetimeofday.Asbestweknow,5,000to6,000yearsagogreatcivilisationsintheMiddleEastandNorthAfricabegantomakeclockstoincreasetheeffectivenessoftheircalendars.Withtheirsocietalactivities,formalreligions,andotherdailyissues,theseculturesapparentlyfoundaneedtoorganisetheirtimemoreefficiently.Theclockisoneoftheoldesthumaninventionstoenableustojudgehowlongaprocesshasrun.Astheseasonsandthephasesofthemooncanbeusedtomeasurethepassageoflongerperiodsoftime,shorterprocesseshadtobeusedtomeasureoffhoursandminutes.Theword“clock”comesfromtheFrenchword“cloche”meaningbell.TheLatinwordforbellis“glocio”,theSaxonis“clugga”andtheGermanis“glocke”.ThefirstmechanicalalarmclockwasinventedbyLeviHutchinsofConcord,NewHampshire,in1787.PartOneBACK7/47Warm-up

Historicalrecordsrevealthatapproximately5,000to6,000yearsagogreatcivilisationsintheMiddleEastandNorthAfricabegantomakeclockstoenhancetheircalendars.Theseculturesfoundthattheyneededtoorganisetheirtimemoreefficiently.Originallycandlesandsticksofincensethatburndownatapproximatelypredictablespeedswereusedtoestimatethepassageoftime.Othermethodsweresundialsandhourglasses.Thedevelopmentofelectronicsinthetwentiethcenturyledtoclockswithnoclockworkpartsatall.Nowmechanicalclockshavesincecometobelargelypoweredbybatteries,removingtheneedforwinding.PartTwoBACK8/47Timeindicatedbynumbers(bytheclock)watch,minutehand,hourhand;60minutes,24hours,7daysaweek;timekeepers,calendars,schedules,

clocks;fiscal

year,academicyears,weekdays,weekends,

deadlines;artificialtiming9/47Timeindicatedbynature(bytheseasons)blueberry,raspberry,blackberryseason;lobstersthatshedoldshellsandthenhardennewones;lowtide;mussels;hightide;mackerels;naturalrhythms10/47ThemainideaTHispassageprovidesadifferentperspectivetothinkabouttheconceptoftime:escapefromtheartificialtimesandfollowthenaturalrhythms.11/47Words&Expressions1.literallyadv.

usedtoemphasisethatsomething,especiallyalargenumber,is

actuallytrue确实，不夸大地

e.g.(1)Thepredictionwasliterallyaccomplished.

这个预言确实实现了。really

BACKComprehension12/47

Idiomsusuallycannotbetranslatedliterallyinanotherlanguage.成语通常不能照字面译成另一个语言。word-for-word

13/47shedv.

togetridofsomethingthatyounolongerneedorwant抛弃

e.g.(1)It’stimeforthesnaketoshedhisskin.

BACKComprehension14/47shedn.车棚，小屋，脱落物

vt.使...流出，散发，脱落，除掉Sheshedcrocodiletears(iepretendedtobesorry)whenshedismissedhimfromhisjob.她把他辞退时，流出了鳄鱼眼泪(假装难过).15/47Thesnowhasbankedupagainsttheshed.雪在小屋旁聚积起来。It'stoolatetochangeyourmindnow;sothereisnopointinsheddingtears.你现在改变主意已经太迟了，所认为此而难过落泪是毫无用处。Whereisthetoolshed?工具棚在哪？16/47losetrackof失去...线索

Marylosttrackofherfriendsatcampaftersummerwasover.夏天过后，玛丽就和她一起宿营朋友失去了联络。17/47Thefarmerhassomanychickens,hecanoftenlosetrackofthemall.这农民有许许多多小鸡，弄得他经常自己也数不清。18/47slipv.

togosomewherewithoutattractingotherpeople’sattention悄悄地移动

e.g.(1)Theshipslippedintotheharbouratnight.(2)Youarenotgoingtoletawonderfulchancelikethatslipthroughyourfingers,areyou?BACKComprehension19/47Idonotseehowyoucanslipoutofwriteareportaboutthat.我看你躲不了要写一份相关这事汇报。slipoutofone'sgrasp控制不住20/47

hardenv.

tobecomefirmorstiff,ortomakesomethingfirmorstiff变硬

e.g.(1)Hotsteelisquenchedtohardenit.(2)Lifeinthecamphadhardenedhimconsiderably.BACKComprehension21/47Thebayisnotastorewithopeninghourssetbyitsowner.海湾可不是个由店主来决定营业时间商店。22/47artificialadj.

anartificialsituationorqualityexistsbecausesomeonehasmadeitexist,andnotbecauseitisreallynecessary人工，人为

e.g.(1)Artificialheatinghastensthegrowthofplants.(2)Thisorangedrinkcontainsnoartificialflavourings.BACKComprehension23/47

fiscalyear

the12monthperiodoverwhichacompanycalculatesitsprofits

orlosses财政年度

e.g.Ourplantcontrollermadeourcompanyabudgetplanforthenextfiscalyear.BACKComprehension24/47

fastenv.

toattachsomethingfirmlytoanotherobjectorsurface系牢

e.g.(1)Weshallbelanding(atGairport)shortlypleasefastenyourseat-belts.(2)Shefastenedthenoticetotheboard.BACKComprehension25/47Wearesoremovedfromnaturalrhythmsthatwerarelyrealisehow“unnatural”thisis.Howunnaturaltofastenourselvestotime.我们距离自然节奏那么遥远，以至于感觉不到我们生活得有多么“不自然”，不能意识到把自己牢牢地绑在时间上是多么地不自然！26/47Theschedule—thatcontrolonourlives—wastheinventionofmonkswhoseearlypassionfororganisingandfillingeveryminuteofthedaygrewfromthewarningthat“idlenessistheenemyofthesoul.”那些控制我们生活日程安排，最初是僧侣为了警示世人“怠惰是灵魂敌人”，才想出来让人们时时刻刻都有事可做方法。27/47rivalv.

tobeasgoodorimportantassomeoneorsomethingelse试图匹敌或越过

e.g.Shipscan'trivalaircraftforspeed.

BACKComprehension28/47sporadicadj.

happeningfairlyoften,butnotregularly无时间次序或固定模式

e.g.Therewerereportsofsporadicfightinginthestreets.

BACKComprehension29/47aboveallAdverb1.aboveandbeyondallotherconsideration;"aboveall,youmustbeindependent"(synonym)mostimportantly,mostespecially

2.takingeverythingtogether;"shewasfirstandlastascientist"(synonym)firstandlast

30/47eventuallyadv.

afteralongtime,orafteralotofthingshavehappened

最终

e.g.Sheeventuallymarriedthemostpersistentoneofheradmirers.

BACKComprehension31/47Medievaltimewasstillsporadic,leisurely,unpredictableandabovealltiedtoexperiencesratherthanabstractnumbers.中世纪时间还是随意、悠闲、不可预测，时间与人们生活经验紧密相连，而不是由抽象数字来决定。32/47Itwasthemerchantsandfactoryownerswhoeventually,andwithgreatdifficulty,trainedworkers—thosewhohadpreviouslylivedaccordingtochangesoftheseasons—tobecomeasregularasclockwork.是那些商家和厂主，处心积虑地把最初依据季节改变而劳作工人，最终训练成了像钟表一样机械工作人。33/47

equatev.

toconsiderthattwothingsaresimilarorconnected把(一事物)和(另一事物)等同对待

e.g.Nowadays,manypeopleequatepassingexaminationswithbeingeducated.

BACKComprehension34/47Isitanywonderthat...

Eg,WithallthepossibilitiesofeatinginstantlyandconstantlyandwiththeabundanceoffoodinAmerica,isitanywonderthatAmericanstendtobeoverweight?面对花样繁多快速食品，人人能够便捷地、随时随地享用，许多美国人超重还值得奇怪吗？35/47

stretchv.

tomakesomethingbiggerorlooserbypullingorbecomebiggerorlooserasaresultofbeingpulled被拉长

e.g.Aspider'swebcanstretchconsiderablywithoutweakening.

BACKComprehension36/47Thedesertstretchedawayintothedistance.沙漠一直延伸到远方。Igotoutofthebedandhadagoodstretch.我起床后舒适地伸了个懒腰。37/47habitatn.

thenaturalhomeofaplantoranimal栖息地

e.g.Thepolarbear'shabitatistheicywatersoftheArctic.BACKComprehension38/47imprintn.

amarkleftbyanobjectbeingpressedintoorontosomething印记

e.g.Theuntoldsufferinginthechildhoodleftanindelibleimprintonhistendermind.BACKComprehension39/47KeystoP44A2.Toleavequietly3.Tomovetowards4.Typesofediblefruits5.Typesofedibleseacreatures6.Holdingtightly7.Measuringtimebysomeman-madedevices8.Amaekleftintoorontosomething40/47GrammarSentenceFragmentsAsimplecompletesentenceconsistsofasubjectandapredicate.Afragmentsentenceisanincompletesentence,whichlacksapredicate,asubject,orbothasubjectandapredicate.

Itisasectionofasentenceandhasnomeaningwhenstandingalone;forexample,asubordinateordependentclause.

41/47Grammar1.

MissingsubjectExample:(a)

WenttoParislastweek.

Correction:

(a)

HewenttoParislastweek.2.MissingpredicateExample:(a)Thatyoungman.(b)Johnhitbyabus.(ParticiplePhraseFragment)

Correction:(a)Thatyoungmanisjumpingoffthebridge.(b)Johnwashitbyabus./John,hitbyabus,didnotsurvive./John,whowashitbyabus,didnotsurvive.42/47Grammar3.Missingsubjectandpredicate:Example:(a)Unbelievablyheavy.(b)TravelingtoParis.Tomwasabletofindpeaceinhislife.(ParticiplePhraseFragment)

Correction:

(a)Itisunbelievablyheavytocarryabagofsand.(b)TravelingtoParis,Tomwasabletofindpeaceinhislife.43/47Grammar4.Asubordinateordependentclause:Example:(a)Hedidnotgotowork.Becauseheissick.(SubordinateClauseFragment)(b)Althoughheissuchatalentedplayer.(c)Toprepareforhisspeech.(InfinitivePhraseFragment)(d)Yesterday,IsawJohn.Myhighschoolclassmate.(AppositiveFragment)

Correction:

(a)Hedidnotgotowork,becau