新版深圳牛津-七下-unit-6-electrivity-语法、句型、习题

U6语法U6语法一、情态动词的定义情态动词是一类用于表示说话人的语气和情态的助动词。常表示命令、请求、拒绝、义务、可能、需要等。二、情态动词的特点1.情态动词无人称和数的变化,2.情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。3.个别情态动词有过去式,过去式用来表达更客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去，现在。三、情态动词的用法1.can/could；can’t/couldn’t(否定)1)表示能力,意为“能、会”,例如：IcanspeakalittleEnglish.--Canyourideabike?Ican’tswim.--Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.2)表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以、能”等Youcangohomenow.现在你可以回家了--CanIborrowyourbike?Youcan’tstopyourcarhere.--Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.3)用于否定句、疑问句中，表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定.Lucycan’tbeathomenow,shewenttotheparkjustnow.Wherecanitbe?Ican’tfindmyfootball.【注意：】1）.could是can的过去式,有两种用法,一种表示过去式；一种用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去，现在。2）.beableto意为“有能力，能够做...”,相当于can/could,但它有人称，数和时态的变化。2.may;maynot(否定)1)表示“请求，许可”，此时与can同义，可以互换使用MayIborrowyourbike?CanIborrowyourbike?Yes,youmay./No,youmaynot.Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.2)may/might表示不太肯定的猜测，意为“有可能”Lucymaycometoschoollatetoday.Itmightraintoday.【注意】：might是may的过去式,有两种用法,一种表示过去式，一种表示更加委婉,客气的语气或对可能性的怀疑。3.must;mustn’t(否定)1)must(“必须”,表示命令)，mustn’t(“一定不能”,表示强烈禁止...)Youmustgotobedbefore22:00pm.Youmustn’tplaywithfire.It’sdangerous!--MustIwritedownthesentences？--No，youneedn’t.(--No,youdon’thaveto)注意：在回答must的疑问句中，否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto表示“不必”，不用mustn’t2)must还可以表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定”ThegirlinaredskirtmustbeLucy.3)must/haveto的区别：=1\*GB3①.must表示必须，强调主观上的愿望；haveto表示“不得不”，强调客观需要Youmustgobebedbefore22:00pm.Mybikeisbroken,soIhavetogotoschoolonfoot.=2\*GB3②.haveto有人称、数、时态的变化；must则没有。Ihavetocleantheclassroomtoday.Shehastofinishherhomeworkfirst.Itwaslate,hehadtogotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.【习题】1.--MustIfinishtheworktoday?--No,you.Youcanfinishittomorrow.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t2.--Iswimhere?--I’msorry.Childrenswimalonehere.A.Mustcan’tB.MaymustC.Canmustn’tD.Can’tcan3.--MengFeibrokehisarmwhilerecordingIfYouAreTheOneinBeijing.--Really?ThenperhapshehostTVprogrammesforsometime.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.can’t4.--Whatdoyouwanttoeatforlunch?Iwillprepareearliertoday.--Honey,you.Let’sgoouttohavesomethingdifferent.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.don’thaveto5.Thomas,pleasebequiet.Theothershearverywell.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t6.--Yousee,amaniscuttingatreeontheMoon.--Itbetrue.Theteachersaysthereisnoaironthemoon.A.can’tB.maynotC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t7.--CanIgofishingwithyou,Dad?--No,you.Youstayathomeanddoyourhomeworkfirst.A.won’tmayB.can’tmustC.shouldn’toughtD.needn’tshould8.Annahasn’tcometoschooltoday.Ithinkshebeill.A.canB.hastoC.mayD.should9.--FiftydollarsforsuchaT-shirt!Youbejoking!--I’mserous.It’smadeofsilk.A.mustB.needC.mayD.can10.______Igoandapologizetomyteacherformymistake?A.ShouldB.NeedC.CanD.May11.MayIstopmycarhere,sir?--No,you_____.A.maynotB.mustn’tC.can’tD.needn’t12._____Ichangethebulb(灯泡)now?--No,youmaynot.You_____switchofftheelectricity.A.Can;needB.May;mustC.Must;mustD.Can;must13.John____cometoseeustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must14.Mymotherisill.SoI_____tolookaftermylittlebrother.A.mustB.mayC.havetoD.should15.I’mafraidit_____raintonight.A.canB.couldC.maybeD.mightU6句型U6句型I’mgoingtobuyapacketofsweets.apacketof一袋。其后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词用来表示数量。不可数名词没有复数形式，在表示数量时，常用“a+单位量词+of+不可数名词”结构。a+单位量词+of+不可数名词apieceofmeat;apieceofpaper;aglassofapplejuice;abagofmilka+单位量词+of+可数名词复数abasketofeggs;abagofapples数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词twoglassesofwater;threecupsoftea数词+单位量词+of+可数名词复数twopacketsofsweets;threebagsofpencilsItislikewater,inaway…itaway在某种程度上Inaway,youareright.在某种程度上,你是对的.与way的相关短语:Intheway妨碍;挡道Hishobbysometimesgetsinthewayofhisstudies.有时他的爱好妨碍了他的学业.ontheway在途中;在路中Heisonthewaytoschoolnow.他现在在上学的途中.bytheway顺便问一下Bytheway,whoisTom?顺便问一下,谁是汤姆?alltheway一直Hestudiesharealltheway.他学习一直很努力.Electricitycomesintoourflatthroughthinwires.电通过细电线进入我们的公寓.comeinto进入……之内Watercomesintoourhousesthroughpipes.Theseareconnectedtocablesunderthestreet…connect连接…常用结构:beconnectedtosth.连接到……;connectsth.to/with…把…和…连接起来.TurnonyourcomputerandconnectittotheInternet.TherailwaylineconnectsWuhantoShanghai.Amomentlater,Daisycameback.(1)moment可数名词,意为”瞬间;片刻”I’dliketotalktoyouforamoment.与moment相关的短语:amomentago刚刚;刚才Hewashereamomentago.atthemoment现在;此刻Heisathomeatthemoment.③waitamoment等一会儿Waitamoment,please.later副词,意为”后来;以后”Batteriesprovidetoycarswith…providesb.withsth.供应给某人某物Thesunprovidesuswithlightandheat.“为某人提供某物”还可以用providesth.forsb....speakasmanylanguagesasLo.…说和Lo一样多的语言.“asmany+复数名词+as”意为”和……一样多的…”Ihaveasmanybooksasyou.我和你有一样多的书.“asmuch+不可数名词+as”意为”和…一样多的…”MybrotherdrinksasmuchmilkasIeveryday.sharecupswithothers与别人合用杯子sharesth.withsb.与某人合用/分享某物LucysharesabedroomwithLily.露西和莉莉合用一间卧室.Keeptheoutsideofthepotdry.让锅的外表保持干燥。(1)“keep+sb./sth.+形容词”意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。(2)keepdoingsth.连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。LiLeikeepsbuyingbooksaboutcars.李雷不断地买有关车的书。(3)keepsb./sth.doingsth.让某人不断地做某事(4)keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事Wemustkeepthemfromgettingtoknowourplans.我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。…becauseitmightstartafire.……因为它可能会引起火灾。might情态动词，意为“可能，也许”。I’mafraiditmightraintoday.恐怕今天会下雨。Standatleastonemetreawayfromthemicrowavewhenitison.atleast至少Achildmustsleepatleasteighthoursaday.与least有关的短语：(1)notintheleast一点也不Heisnotintheleastworriedabouthisfuture.他一点也不担心他的未来。(2)leastofall最不……的Nobodycared,leastofallmylittlesister.没有人在意，更不用说我的小妹妹了。…makesureitismicrowavesafe.……确保它适用于微波炉。Makesure务必，确信一、单选1. Mummakesmeeatanappleeveryday______thedoctoraway.A.keepsB.iskeptC.tokeepD.kept2. Farmershavebecome______inourhometowninrecentyears.A.moreandmorerichB.richerandricherC.morerichandmorerich3. Withthehelpofthenewtechnology,you_____e-mailyourfriendsbymobilephone.A.canB.mustC.needD.should4. ----_______Iswimhere?----I’msorry.Children_____swimalonehere.A.Must;can’tB.May;mustC.Can;mustn’tD.Can’t;can5. You_____jumpontoabuswhileitisstillmoving.Itistoodangerous.A.canB.mustC.can’tD.mustn’t6. ---CanhespeakEnglish?7. ----________.A.Yes,hedoesB.Yes,hedidC.Yes,hecanD.Yes,hemust8. _______callmeMimi!It’smycat’sname.A.NotB.Doesn’tC.Don’tD.Benot9. Look,thedininghallisrighton______sideofthestreet.A.anotherB.otherC.theanotherD.theother10. ---WhatcanIdoforyou?---I’dliketwo_______.A.packetofteaB.packetsofappleC.packetsofteaD.packetofapples11. It’stoolate.It’stimetogotobed.Lily,______theTV.A.switchonB.switchoffC.turnupD.close12. Thecomputerisconnected_______amachine.A.atB.toC.onD.in13. Iaskedhimtwice.Buthedidn’t______myquestions.A.answersB.answertoC.replyD.replyto14.