2022年河北省石家庄市石家庄二中教育集团高二下学期期末考试英语试题

石家庄二中教育集团2021-2022学年度高二年级下学期期末考试英语试卷第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADiscoverallthegreatSydneyattractions.You’llfindmanymemorablethingstodoandfascinatingmuseumstovisitinSydney,Australia.AustralianMuseumTheAustralianMuseum(AM)wasfoundedin1827andiswell-knownasthenation’sfirstmuseum.TheAMhasbeentransformedandvisitorscannowenjoytransformedspacesandupdatedfacilities.FreegeneraladmissionincludesentrytoallpermanentexhibitionsandPrehistoricPlayground,whichisopendailyonLevel2andfeaturesavarietyofactivitiesforchildrenofallagesincludingafossillabandinteractivedinosaurdesignstation.ArtGalleryofNewSouthWalesExplorefivelevelsofartatoneofAustralia'smostpopularartmuseums,locatedwithinbeautifulparklandsoverlookingSydneyHarbour,just10minutes’walkfromthecity.SeeanextensivecollectionofAustralianart，includingoneofthelargestgalleriesofaboriginal(土著的)artinthecountry,alongsideAsiantreasuresandleadinglocalandinternationalcontemporaryart.MuseumofContemporaryArtAustralia-MCATheMuseumofContemporaryArtAustraliaisAustralia’sleadingmuseumdedicatedtoexhibiting,interpretingandcollectingcontemporaryartfromacrossAustralia.LocatedatCircularQuay,theMCAishousedintheformerMaritimeServicesbuilding,afineexampleoflateArtDecoarchitecture.AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseumLocatedatthewaterfrontofDarlingHarbour,theMaritimeMuseumisanindoor/outdoorattractionandgreatentertainmentforthewholefamily.Themuseumhasoneofthelargestandmostdiversein-waterfleets(舰队)intheworld.Themuseumhostssixpermanentgalleries,anever-changingprogramoftemporaryexhibitions,anda3Dcinema,ensuringthatthereissomethingforeveryone.1.WhatisAustralianMuseumfamousfor?A.Thelowestprice. B.Contemporaryart.C.Outdoorattractions. D.Thelongesthistory.2.WhereshouldyougoifyouwanttoappreciatetreasuresfromAsia?A.AustralianMuseum.B.ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales.C.AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum.D.MuseumofContemporaryArtAustralia—MCA.3.WhichofthefollowingcanbeseeninAustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum?A.A3Dcinema. B.Adesignstation.C.Localcontemporaryart. D.LateArtDecoarchitecture.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚悉尼的几个博物馆景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据AustralianMuseum下列段落中“TheAustralianMuseum(AM)wasfoundedin1827andiswell-knownasthenation’sfirstmuseum.(澳大利亚博物馆（AM）成立于1827年，是澳大利亚第一个博物馆)”可知，澳大利亚博物馆以历史最长而闻名。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales下列第二段“SeeanextensivecollectionofAustralianart,includingoneofthelargestgalleriesofaboriginal(土著的)artinthecountry,alongsideAsiantreasuresandleadinglocalandinternationalcontemporaryart.(这里收藏了大量的澳大利亚艺术，包括该国最大的土著艺术画廊之一，以及亚洲珍宝和领先的本地和国际当代艺术)”可知，如果你想欣赏来自亚洲的珍宝，应该去新南威尔士州美术馆。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据AustralianNationalMaritimeMuseum下列段落中“Themuseumhostssixpermanentgalleries,anever-changingprogramoftemporaryexhibitions,anda3Dcinema,ensuringthatthereissomethingforeveryone.(博物馆有六个永久画廊，一个不断变化的临时展览项目，和一个3D电影院，确保每个人都有所收获)”可知，在澳大利亚国家海事博物馆可以看到3D电影院。故选A项。BJoseAlbertoGutierrez’slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninainthetrash(垃圾)20yearsago.Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsandseeingbooksabandonedbytherich.Itignitedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthetrash.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibrary.InColombia’scapitalcityofBogota,librariestendtobefarawayfrompoorercommunities.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnon-existentforpoorfamiliesandhavingaccesstoalibraryofbooksisaluxury.Gutierrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless,hismotherwasapassionatereaderandreadstoriestohimeverynight.HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutierrez,whoneverletalackofformaleducationstophim.Today,hiscommunitylibrary,“TheStrengthofWords”,occupiesmostofhishomeandispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon-fictiontitles.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofover20,000books!TheStrengthofWordslibraryisopeneveryweekend,andchildreninGutierrez’sneighbourhoodareallowedtolookthroughthebookcollection.Adultsarealsowelcometoexpandtheirvisionanddevelopnewskillsforabetterlife.Today,theGutierrezfamilydoesn’tmerelywanttostartlibrariesinneighbourhoods.Theywanttocreatemoresafespacesforschoolchildrentospendtheirtimereading.ThisisimportantforkidslivinginBogotawheremanyyoungpeoplewastetimeinthestreets.Gutierrez’sjourneytogivetreasurebacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundusbyidentifyingneeds,investingtimeandfindingasimplesolution.HowmightwetakealeafoutofGutierrez’sbook?4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ignited”meaninparagraph1?A.Satisfied. B.Ignored. C.Excited. D.Expressed.5.WhatdoweknowaboutGutierrez’slibrary?A.Itaimstorecycleandreusethegarbage.B.Itissponsoredbywealthiercommunities.C.Itisinthechargeofhispassionatemother.D.Itmakesknowledgeaccessibletopoorkids.6.Whatmessagedoesthelastsentenceconvey?A.WeshouldvalueGutierrez’sspiritofpayingback.B.WecanfollowGutierrez’sexampletohelpothers.C.WeshouldgotovisitGutierrez’slibrarypersonally.D.WecandonatedesertedbookstoGutierrez’slibrary.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FromTrashtoTreasure B.TheBooksofGutierrezC.FromHometoCommunity D.TheStrengthofReading【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述的是古铁雷斯通过从垃圾里收集旧书办成了图书馆，从而让许多贫穷家庭的孩子们能够阅读的故事，从而引发读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思考。【4题详解】词义猜测题。A.Satisfied满足；B.Ignored忽略；C.Excited激发，引起；D.Expressed表达。根据第一段的最后一句“Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintoacommunitylibrary.”（最终他利用自己收集到的书办成了一个社区图书馆。）可知，古铁雷斯收集了书，并且能够办成图书馆，由此推知前面“hisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthetrash”（他开始从垃圾堆里拯救图书的渴望）被激发了，即划线单词“ignited”是“激发，引起”的意思，C项符合题意。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Gutierrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.”（古铁雷斯出身贫穷，家里人负担不起他小学以后的教育费用。）可知，由此推测他所居住的街区比较贫困。又根据“TheStrengthofWordslibraryisopeneveryweekend,andchildreninGutierrez’sneighbourhoodareallowedtolookthroughthebookcollection.”（文字的力量图书馆每周末开放，古铁雷斯的所在街区的孩子们都能翻阅他的藏书。）可知，这些孩子生活在古铁雷斯的所在街区，也是贫穷的，这个图书馆让这些孩子们能够阅读，获取知识，所以D项符合题意。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Gutierrez’sjourneytogivetreasurebacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundusbyidentifyingneeds,investingtimeandfindingasimplesolution.”（古铁雷斯将珍宝还给当地社区的案例令人惊叹，这说明我们每个人都可以通过确定需求、投入时间和找到简单的解决方法来改善周围人的生活。）可知，古铁雷斯收集垃圾堆里的书并由此办成图书馆的事情帮助改善了周围人的生活，所以文章最后一句“HowmightwetakealeafoutofGutierrez’sbook?”（我们该如何模仿古特雷斯的做法上呢？）想要告诉我们，我们可以仿照古铁雷斯的案例去帮助他人。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述的是古铁雷斯通过从垃圾里收集旧书办成了图书馆，从而让许多贫穷家庭的孩子们以及大人能够阅读的故事，从而引发读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思考。A项“Trash”指的是从垃圾里捡回的书，“Treasure”意味着这些回收的书的价值，即再次利用书而造福穷人，让他们能够获取知识、拓宽视野，改善生活，所以“FromTrashtoTreasure”（变废为宝）最为适合作为本文的标题。故选A项。CFamousIsraeligastronome(美食家)MichalAnskyisaprofessionaltasterandaMasterChefjudge.Sowhenshewasinvitedtotheworld’sfirstpublicblindtastetestsettinglab-grownchickenintocompetitionagainstaconventionallyraisedproduct,shewasconfidentthatshewouldbeabletotellthedifference.Surroundedbycamerasatarestaurantbar,shetastedfromtwodishes,labeledAandB.Ateamoflawyerslookedon,taskedwithmakingsurethatthetastingtrulywasblind.Eventhechefwhosautéed(嫩煎)themeatinsunfloweroil—nosalt,noseasonings—didn’tknowwhichwaswhich.Bothwereflavorless,Anskynoted,butshewouldbetherreputationthatsampleAwastherealthing.Ithadaricher,more“chickeny”taste.Thetastingwashostedbyameat-techstartupSuperMeatatitsin-houserestaurant,TheChicken.Eversince2013,whenthefirstlab-grownhamburgerwaspresentedtothepublicwitha$330,000pricetag,alternative-meatcompanieshavebeeninchingclosertoaproductthatisjustastastyandnearlyasaffordableastherealthing,butwithouttheclimateimpacts.Onenewstudyfoundhigh-incomecountriescouldcutagriculturalemissions(排放物)byalmosttwo-thirdsbymovingawayfromanimal-basedfoods.Butonequestionremains:Wouldconsumersbeabletotellthedifference?SuperMeatdecidedtoputitsproducttothetestwithoutthedeepfryingandsaucesthatareusuallyusedtomaskalackofflavor.SampleBhadlessflavor,soAnskyreasonedthatithadtobetheonegrowninalab.ShewassoconvincedofherdecisionthatwhenSuperMeatfounderIdoSavirannouncedthatitwasinfactAthatwaslab-grown,shecorrectedhim.“No,”shesaid.“Aistherealchicken.”Adaylater,IspoketoAnskyaboutthetasting.“It’soneoftheonlytimesinmylifethatI’mreallyhappythatIwaswrong,”sheadmitted.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthetastetest?A.Itwashostedbyachicken-themedrestaurant.B.Foodsamplesweremadewithdifferentflavors.C.MichalAnskywasinvitedtothetestforherreputation.D.Lawyerswereinvolvedtoensuretheauthorityoftheactivity.9.Thepurposeofhostingthetastetestistoprovethat________.A.lab-grownchickentastesasgoodasraisedchickenB.meateatersturnablindeyetothetasteofchickenC.evenaworld-famousgastronomecanmakemistakesD.chickenshouldbecookedwelltoappealtocustomers10.Whatisthebiggestadvantageoflab-grownchicken?A.Morechickenytaste.B.Moreaffordableprice.C.Lessartificialflavor.D.Lesscarbonfootprint.11.WhydidAnskysaythatshewashappythatshewaswrong?A.Shewantedtoeaseherembarrassment.B.Shesawamilestoneinthefoodindustry.CShechangedpeople’sopinionofherjob.D.Shebelievedinthepowerofmakingmistakes.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一家肉类科技初创公司SuperMeat邀请美食家Ansky试吃分别由真正鸡肉及该公司通过科技手段培育出的鸡肉制成的两道菜。最后Ansky对食物的判断是错的。旨在说明目前科技已经可以培育出味道与真正鸡肉一样的产品，这样人类可以减少食用动物性食物，减少对气候的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“FamousIsraeligastronome(美食家)MichalAnskyisaprofessionaltasterandaMasterChefjudge.Sowhenshewasinvitedtotheworld’sfirstpublicblindtastetestsettinglab-grownchickenintocompetitionagainstaconventionallyraisedproduct,shewasconfidentthatshewouldbeabletotellthedifference.(以色列著名美食家Ansky是一家专业品酒师和美食家。因此，当她被邀请参加世界上第一次公开的盲品测试时，她自信自己能够分辨出不同的实验室培育的鸡肉和传统饲养的产品)”可知，因为Ansky是一名著名的品酒师及美食家，所以她被邀请参加试吃。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“alternative-meatcompanieshavebeeninchingclosertoaproductthatisjustastastyandnearlyasaffordableastherealthing,butwithouttheclimateimpacts.(这些可替代肉类公司就一直在慢慢研究生产这种产品，这种产品和真正的汉堡一样美味，几乎和真正的汉堡一样便宜，但不会对气候造成影响)”可知，这家公司举办这次试吃活动，目的是证明通过技术手段生产出的鸡肉产品，与真正的鸡肉产品相比，可以一样美味。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“alternative-meatcompanieshavebeeninchingclosertoaproductthatisjustastastyandnearlyasaffordableastherealthing,butwithouttheclimateimpacts.(这些可替代肉类公司就一直在慢慢研究生产这种产品，这种产品和真正的汉堡一样美味，几乎和真正的汉堡一样便宜，但不会对气候造成影响)”可知，这家公司通过技术手段生产出的鸡肉产品，与真正的鸡肉产品相比，可以一样美味，但更便宜，而且不会对气候造成影响。因为远离动物性食物可以减少碳排放，有助于环保。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“alternative-meatcompanieshavebeeninchingclosertoaproductthatisjustastastyandnearlyasaffordableastherealthing,butwithouttheclimateimpacts.Onenewstudyfoundhigh-incomecountriescouldcutagriculturalemissions(排放物)byalmosttwo-thirdsbymovingawayfromanimal-basedfoods.(替代肉类公司就一直在慢慢地向一种产品靠近，这种产品和真正汉堡一样美味，几乎和真正的汉堡一样便宜，但不会对气候造成影响。一个新的研究发现高收入国家通过远离动物性食物可以减少近三分之二的排放物)”可知，这种肉类替代性产品有助于环保，帮助减少碳排放，在口感味道上几乎没有差别，所以Ansky说她很高兴自己错了，是因为这些鸡肉口味同样很棒，但是对环保有益，是食品行业的一次了不起的技术突破。故选B。DTheterm“socialdistancing”hasbeenatthecenterofpublicconversationforawhile.Butit’snot“social”distancewearetryingtopromote.It’sphysicalseparation.Infact,preservingsocialties—evenatadistance—isessentialforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Theresultsofananalyticreviewdonein2017indicatethatalackofsocialsupportisonaparwithsmokingcigarettesasariskfactorforhealth.Giventhisfact,howmightwebeststayconnectedtootherswhilemaintainingphysicaldistance?Wouldwebebetteroffe-mailingafriend?Makingaphonecall?Settingupavideochat?Inourstudy,NickEpleyandItestedwhetherthemediathroughwhichpeopleinteractaffectstheirsenseofconnection—andhowexpectationsaboutcertaintechnologiesimpactthecommunicationmediatheychoosetouse.Inourexperiment,weaskedparticipantstoreconnectwithsomeonethattheyhadn’tinteractedwithrecently,eitherthroughe-mailoroverthephone.Participantsfirstmadepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketogetintouchiftheyreachedoutinthesetwoways.Theygenerallybelievedthatthey’dfeelmoreconnectedwheninteractingviathephonethanovere-mail.Buttheyalsopredictedthattalkingonthephonecouldbemoreuncomfortablethansendingane-mail.Althoughtheseparticipantsbelievedthattalkingencouragedstrongerbonds,mostofthemsaidthey’drathersendane-mailthancallthepersonup.Fearsaboutawkwardness,itseems,pushindividualstowardtext-basedmethodsforcommunicating.Inthenextpartoftheexperiment,wehadparticipantsactuallyreconnectusingonerandomlydeterminedmodeofcommunicationandthenfollowedupwiththemaftertheyhaddoneso.Wefoundthatpeopledoformmeaningfullystrongerbondswheninteractingoverthephonethanovere-mail.Importantly,though,therewasnodifferenceintheamountofdiscomfortwhenreconnectingonthephone.Thenexttimeyouthinkabouthowbesttoconnect,considercallingorsettingupavideochat.Feelingsofsocialconnectionarepreferablyfacilitatedbyvoiceratherthanakeyboard.12.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisviewontheimportanceofmaintainingsocialties?ABystatingadeep-rootedtradition. B.Bycitingapublishedreport.C.Bysharingpublicopinions. D.Bypresentingofficialdocuments.13.WhatdidtheauthorandEpley’sstudyfocuson?A.Howtechnologiesimpactmeansofcommunication.B.Howsocialmediachoicesaffectfeelingsofconnection.C.Whymaintainingsocialseparationisbadformentalhealth.D.Whyreconnectingwithfriendsoverthephonebringsawkwardness.14.Whatcanweinferfromthestudyresults?A.Theychangedtheresearchobjectives. B.Theyprovidedinsightsforfuturestudies.C.Theyconfirmedresearchers’expectations. D.Theycontradictedparticipants’predictionspartly.15.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.Forstrongerbonds,talkinsteadoftyping.B.Keepingintouchiskeytoalastingfriendship.C.Thinkbeforeyouconsidercontactinganoldfriend.D.Text-basedmethodsforcommunicationcausediscomfort.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了保持社会联系——即使是远距离联系——对身心健康都至关重要，研究发现人们通过电话交流比通过电子邮件交流更能形成有意义的纽带。重要的是，当用手机重新联系时，他们的不适程度没有区别。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Infact,preservingsocialties—evenatadistance—isessentialforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Theresultsofananalyticreviewdonein2017indicatethatalackofsocialsupportisonaparwithsmokingcigarettesasariskfactorforhealth.(事实上，保持社会联系——即使是远距离联系——对身心健康都至关重要。2017年进行的一项分析审查的结果表明，缺乏社会支持与吸烟一样是健康的风险因素)”可知，作者通过引用一份发表的报告支持他关于保持社会联系重要性的观点。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inourstudy,NickEpleyandItestedwhetherthemediathroughwhichpeopleinteractaffectstheirsenseofconnection—andhowexpectationsaboutcertaintechnologiesimpactthecommunicationmediatheychoosetouse.(在我们的研究中，NickEpley和我测试了人们互动的媒体是否会影响他们的联系感，以及对某些技术的期望如何影响他们选择使用的交流媒体)”可知，作者和Epley的研究重点是技术如何影响交流手段。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Buttheyalsopredictedthattalkingonthephonecouldbemoreuncomfortablethansendingane-mail.(但他们也预测，打电话可能比发电子邮件更让人不舒服)”以及倒数第二段中“Wefoundthatpeopledoformmeaningfullystrongerbondswheninteractingoverthephonethanovere-mail.Importantly,though,therewasnodifferenceintheamountofdiscomfortwhenreconnectingonthephone.(我们发现，人们通过电话交流比通过电子邮件交流更能形成有意义的纽带。然而，重要的是，当用手机重新联系时，他们的不适程度没有区别)”可推知，研究结果与参与者的预测部分矛盾。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thenexttimeyouthinkabouthowbesttoconnect,considercallingorsettingupavideochat.Feelingsofsocialconnectionarepreferablyfacilitatedbyvoiceratherthanakeyboard.(下次当你考虑如何最好地联系时，考虑打电话或建立视频聊天。社交联系的感觉最好是通过声音而不是键盘来促进的)”可推知，要想加强联系，用交谈代替打字。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Expertsarealwaysadvocatingthehealthbenefitsofbiking.Andwhilethebarriertoentryislow-prettymuchallyouneedtoknowtostartcyclingishowtorideabikeitself—peopleoftenaskmeifIhaveanytipsforbeginnerbikers.Below,afewthingsI’velearnedalongthewaythathelpmakeforasaferandmorejoyfulride:Followtherulesoftheroad.Brakeatyellowlights,stopforpedestriansandmaintainasoliddistancefromcars.____16____Therefore,neverflythroughstopsigns,approachtooclosetothefrontvehiclesorshoutatcars.____17____ABritishdoctorrecentlymadeheadlineswhenheclaimedthatwearingabikehelmetisactuallymoredangerousthantravelingwithoutone,butmostresearchsuggestsotherwise.Afull98percentofbikecommuters(上下班族)ownahelmet,soyou’llbeingoodcompany,anyway.Makeaplaylist.Lawsagainstridingwithheadphonesvaryfromstatetostate,andit’sneverpropertolistentomusicinmorethanoneear.Butcruisingaroundtoasoundtrackcanbeanamazingfeeling,soconsiderbuyingawirelessspeakeryoucanfixonyourframe.____18____Knowyourrights.Ifyoudoendupgettingintoacollision(碰撞)stayonthesceneuntilthepolicecome.____19____Cyclistsaretoooftentakenadvantageofinbadsituations,especiallyiftheirinjuriesdon’tseemtobeapparent.Findsomefriends.Asgreatasitcanbetobikealone,zippingdownthestreetinabiggroupisanequallysatisfyingexperience.____20____Variousbicycletripsareoftenorganized,whichprovidesopportunitiestodevelopfriendshipamongbikers.A.Getfullyequipped.B.Besuretogetahelmet.C.Mostcitieshaveenoughresourcesforthecyclingcommunity.D.It’snecessarythatyougivethemanaccuratereportoftheincident.E.Mostofuswillfeelitobviouslysafertorideonabikethaninacar.F.Thenputtogetheralistofyourfavoritetunesandgetreadytoenjoythem.G.Pushingtothelimitnotonlygivesbikersabadreputation,butalsoagreatdanger.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.D20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给初学骑自行车的人一些实用的建议以帮助他们的自行车之旅更安全、快乐。【16题详解】根据下文“Therefore,neverflythroughstopsigns,approachtooclosetothefrontvehiclesorshoutatcars.(因此，永远不要飞过停车标志，靠近前面的车辆或对汽车大喊。)”可知，空处应指的是不遵守交通规则带来的坏处。G选项“Pushingtothelimitnotonlygivesbikersabadreputation,butalsoagreatdanger.(突破极限不仅会给骑自行车的人带来坏名声，还会带来巨大的危险。)”说明的正是不遵守交通规则的坏处。故选G。【17题详解】空处为段首句，为本段中心句。下文“ABritishdoctorrecentlymadeheadlineswhenheclaimedthatwearingabikehelmetisactuallymoredangerousthantravelingwithoutone,butmostresearchsuggestsotherwise.(一位英国医生最近上了头条，他声称戴自行车头盔实际上比不戴头盔旅行更危险，但大多数研究表明情况并非如此。)”讲述的是骑自行车要戴头盔。B选项“Besuretogetahelmet.(一定要戴上头盔。)”与下文内容一致。故选B。【18题详解】根据本段首句“Makeaplaylist.(制作播放列表。)”建议读者制作一个播放列表。而上文“Lawsagainstridingwithheadphonesvaryfromstatetostate,andit’sneverpropertolistentomusicinmorethanoneear.Butcruisingaroundtoasoundtrackcanbeanamazingfeeling,soconsiderbuyingawirelessspeakeryoucanfixonyourframe.(禁止戴耳机骑车的法律因州而异，用一只耳朵以上听音乐是不合适的。但是听着原声音乐四处闲逛会有一种奇妙的感觉，所以考虑买一个可以固定在框架上的无线扬声器。)”则主要讲述的是，不要戴耳机听音乐骑自行车，反而建议读者买一个无线扬声器。所以空处应与段首句呼应。F选项“Thenputtogetheralistofyourfavoritetunesandgetreadytoenjoythem.(然后列出你最喜欢的音乐，准备好欣赏它们。)”与上文内容一致。故选F。【19题详解】根据空前“Ifyoudoendupgettingintoacollision(碰撞),stayonthesceneuntilthepolicecome.(如果你最终发生了碰撞，待在现场直到警察来。)”可知，当发生车祸时，要等警察到现场。D选项“It’snecessarythatyougivethemanaccuratereportoftheincident.(你有必要给他们一份准确的事件报告。)”延续上文内容，解释了待在现场的必要性；同时“them”指的是上文提到的“thepolice”。故选D。【20题详解】根据空前“Asgreatasitcanbetobikealone,zippingdownthestreetinabiggroupisanequallysatisfyingexperience.(一个人骑自行车固然很棒，但一大群人在街上飞驰也是一种同样令人满意的体验。)”可知，作者建议很多人一起骑自行车。C选项“Mostcitieshaveenoughresourcesforthecyclingcommunity.(多数城市都有足够的资源供骑行社区使用。)”与上文内容一致，解释了很多人一起骑自行车在大城市也是可能的。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewyearsbackagroupofyoungteachersfromanotherschoolwasspendingadayinmyclass.Theywereenergetic,brightand___21___.However,Inoticedakey___22___intheirapproachtoteaching.Theirdesiretohelpkidswassostrongthattheyneverallowedthestudentstogetthewronganswerortakea___23___.Wewerebuilding___24___thatweek.Mystudentswereworkingingroupsoffour.Eachgroupwas___25___asmallVikingmodelrocket,instructions,andthematerialswithwhichtoputit___26___.Thechallengeforeachteamwastopreciselymeasure,___27___,andassembletheirproject.Onegroupwastryinghardbutmakingmistakesintheplacementofmissilesections.Severaloftheteachers___28___goingovertothekidstoshowthemhowtobuildtherocket___29___.OnanumberofoccasionsIhadtopolitelybutfirmlyaskthemtoleavethekidsalone.It’simportanttorememberthatwe____30____individuallydefinethewordfailure.Inmyclass,arocketthatdoesn’tflyisnotafailure.Failure____31____onlywhenstudentsstoptryingtosolveaproblem.Itmayhesolvedinfiveminutes,oritmaytaketwomonths,aswasthecasewheremystudentsbuiltanenormousrollercoasterandcouldnotcreatealoopwithenoughcentripetalforcetoallowthecarstomovealongthetracksafely.____32____thosetwomonthsoffailedtrialsweresomeofthemostfascinatingandexcitingtimesthekidshadinsciencethatyear.Andwhentherollercoasterfinally____33____,thekidscouldsaytheydiditthemselves.They____34____thephysicsoftherollercoaster.IdidthebestteachingduringthosetwomonthswhenIdecidedto____35____andleavethekidsalone.21.A.curious B.cute C.caring D.encouraging22.A.role B.reason C.goal D.mistake23.A.fall B.break C.guess D.tour24.A.cars B.rollercoasters C.rockets D.tracks25.A.showed B.given C.called D.awarded26.A.together B.down C.back D.aside27.A.present B.plan C.buy D.read28.A.avoided B.forbade C.suggested D.kept29.A.quickly B.firmly C.correctly D.politely30.A.students B.parents C.friends D.teachers31.A.continues B.happens C.stops D.matters32.A.Thus B.Now C.Then D.But33.A.broke B.appeared C.worked D.opened34.A.taught B.understood C.created D.changed35.A.shutup B.comeup C.getup D.keepup【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文叙述了几年前，一群来自另一所学校的年轻教师来到作者的课堂上，他们精力充沛，聪明，有爱心。他们帮助孩子的愿望是如此强烈，以至于他们从不允许学生得到错误的答案或落后，在组装火箭模型时，他们一直在指导学生如何正确组装。但作者认为他们犯了一个严重的教学错误，作者认为学生应该独立完成任务，在错误中不断改进和提高。老师应该少参与学生的任务之中。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们精力充沛，聪明，有爱心。A.curious好奇的；B.cute可爱的；C.caring关心他人的；D.encouraging令人鼓舞的。根据上文“youngteachers”以及“energetic,bright”根据下文“Theirdesiretohelpkidswassostrong”可知，他们有爱心。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我注意到他们教学方法中的一个关键错误。A.role角色；B.reason原因；C.goal目标；D.mistake错误。根据下文“Theirdesiretohelpkidswassostrongthattheyneverallowedthestudentstogetthewronganswerortakea___3___.”可知，作者注意到他们教学方法中的一个关键错误——不让学生犯错。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助孩子的愿望是如此强烈，以至于他们从不允许学生得到错误的答案或落后。A.fall掉落；B.break打破；C.guess猜；D.tour旅游。根据上文“theyneverallowedthestudentstogetthewronganswer”可知，他们从不允许学生得到错误的答案或落后。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一周我们在造火箭。A.cars汽车；B.rollercoasters过山车；C.rockets火箭；D.tracks轨道。根据下文“Vikingmodelrocket”可知，那一周学生们在造火箭。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个小组都拿到了一个小型维京火箭模型、说明书以及组装火箭所需的材料。A.showed展示；B.given给与；C.called打电话；D.awarded授予。根据下文“asmallVikingmodelrocket,instructions,andthematerialswithwhichtoputit___6___”可知，每个小组都拿到（或被给予）了一个小型维京火箭模型、说明书以及组装火箭所需的材料来组装火箭。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每个小组都拿到了一个小型维京火箭模型、说明书以及组装火箭所需的材料。A.together一起；B.down在下面；C.back回来；D.aside在旁边。根据下文“assembletheirproject”以及“howtobuildtherocket”可知，学生的目的是组装火箭。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个团队面临的挑战是精确地测量、计划和组装他们的项目。A.present呈现；B.plan计划；C.buy买；D.read读。根据上文“preciselymeasure”以及“assembletheirproject”可知，对于组装火箭，每个团队面临的挑战是精确地测量、计划和组装他们的项目。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有几个老师一直在指导学生，告诉他们如何正确地制作火箭。A.avoided避免；B.forbade禁止；C.suggested建议；D.kept保持。根据下文“OnanumberofoccasionsIhadtopolitelybutfirmlyaskthemtoleavethekidsalone.”可知，作者不得不要求老师不要打扰孩子们，说明有几个老师一直在指导学生，keepdoingsth.(一直做某事)。故选D项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有几个老师一直在指导学生，告诉他们如何正确地制作火箭。A.quickly快速地；B.firmly坚固地；C.correctly正确地；D.politely礼貌地。根据上文“Severaloftheteachers___8___goingovertothekidstoshowthem”可知，有几个老师一直在指导学生，应该是告诉学生如何正确地制作火箭。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是要记住，我们教师都是单独定义失败这个词的。A.students学生；B.parents父母；C.friends朋友；D.teachers教师。根据上文“Afewyearsbackagroupofyoungteachersfromanotherschoolwasspendingadayinmyclass.”可知，我们教师都是单独定义失败这个词的。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有当学生停止尝试解决问题时，失败才会发生。A.continues继续；B.happens发生；C.stops阻止；D.matters要紧。根据上文“Inmyclass,arocketthatdoesn’tflyisnotafailure.”和下文“whenstudentsstoptryingtosolveaproblem”可知，于作者而言，火箭不飞不是失败，只有当学生停止尝试解决问题时，失败才会发生。故选B项。【32题详解】考查连词和副词词义辨析。句意：但那两个月失败的试验是那一年孩子们在科学领域最激动人心的时刻。A.Thus因此；B.Now现在；C.Then然后；D.But但是。根据上文“aswasthecasewheremystudentsbuiltanenormousrollercoasterandcouldnotcreatealoopwithenoughcentripetalforcetoallowthecarstomovealongthetracksafely”（就像我的学生们建造了一个巨大的过山车，却无法形成一个具有足够向心力的环，使汽车能够安全地沿着轨道行驶一样）可知，上文假设暗喻学生组装火箭失败，与下文的“失败反而是那一年孩子们在科学领域最激动人心的时刻”，前后为转折关系。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当过山车最终成功运转时，孩子们可以说他们自己独立完成了任务。A.broke打破；B.appeared出现；C.worked（机器或设备）运转；D.opened打开。根据下文“thekidscouldsaytheydiditthemselves”可知，最终过山车成功运转了。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们了解过山车的物理原理。A.taught教；B.understood明白；C.created创造；D.changed改变。根据上文“Andwhentherollercoasterfinally___13___,thekidscouldsaytheydiditthemselves.”可知，孩子们他们自己独立完成了造过山车的任务，说明他们了解过山车的物理原理。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那两个月里，我做了最好的教学，我决定闭嘴，让孩子们独自完成。A.shutup闭嘴；B.comeup被提出；C.getup起床；D.keepup保持。根据下文“leavethekidsalone”可知，作者让孩子们独自完成，所以作者决定闭嘴（不去指导学生）。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThehistoricaldramaSerenadeofPeacefulJoyhasbeenatrendingtopicsinceit____36____releasedonApril7.Ithasattractedalmost7.5billionviewsandover190,000commentsonSinaWeibo