Unit+2+Understanding+each+other+Grammar+and+usage+导学案 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第四册

高二英语备课组主备人：LL审核人：ZMX编号：XB4U2GrammarBytheendofthissection,studentswillbeableto:1.identifyandcategorizerelativeclauses;2.summarizethegrammaticalrulesofrelativeclauses;3.userelativeclausesappropriatelyincontrolledcontext;4.applyrelativeclausestogiveexamplesoftaboos.Learningprocedures:Step11.圈出下面句子中的先行词并划出定语从句部分a.Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.b.Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.c.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.d.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.e.Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewellknown.2.ExploringtherulesReadthearticleonPage20andfindthesentenceswithrelativeclauses.Step2.Workingouttherules重点突破一）that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用which。先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none,some等不定代词时。①Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.②Didyouhaveanything(that)youwanttosayforyourself?(2)先行词被theonly,thevery(恰恰，正好),thesame,thelast,all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。①Thisistheverybus(that)I'mwaitingfor.②Theonlything(that)wecandois(to)giveyousomemoney.③I'vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词或最高级修饰时。①ThistrainisthelastthatwillgotoSuzhou.②Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.③Thisisthemostinterestingfilm(that)I'veseen.(4)当先行词既有人又有物时。Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?(5)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。①Whichisthebikethatyoulost?②Whoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal?(6)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，则另一个用that。Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.考点1：that与which1)Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?2)Theonlything_____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_____isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in_______sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.二）当先行词是way且在从句中表示“以……方式”时，常由that或inwhich引导定语从句，引导词也可以省略。①Iliketheway(inwhich/that)yousmile.②Idon'tliketheway(inwhich/that)he'slookingatme.③Thisistheway(inwhich/that)we'vealwaysdoneit.考点2：theway用做先行词1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.三）限制性定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词（when,where,why）引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。关系副词可转化为介词+关系代词(which)结构。a.Hetoldmethedatewhen(onwhich)hejoinedtheParty.b.Thehotelistheonewhere(atwhich)Istayedlastmonth.c.Iknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)shewassoangry.考点3：介词+关系词1.Doyouknowtheboy________yourmotheristalking?2.Istillremembertheday________IfirstgottoParis.3.Hegavemesomenovels_________Iamnotveryfamiliar.4.Hegavemesomenovels_____/______/____Iamnotveryfamiliarwith.5.译：这是我要照顾的小孩。_____________________________________________________关系代词前介词(介词＋which)的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系Isthatthenewspaper___whichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidioms_____whichI'mnotsure?3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯1949wastheyear___whichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.定语从句句首为介词时,后可接的关系词为:介词+whom/which/whose6.Irecognizedthebossin______companymysisterwasworking.7.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthat B.ofwhich C.that D.which难点一：as的用法as\that\which1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,结构。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。as与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。做题技巧当主句中出现such或so时,看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语:(1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as;(2)不缺主语和宾语,从句前用that;1.Heissuchalazyman_____nobodywantstoworkwith______.A.as;himB.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto____place____shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;as B.thesame;whereC.thesame;that D.asthesame;as难点二：一些特殊词之后的where1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。注意：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition,case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山东）A.which B.that C.where D.when2.Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（06江西）A.why B.where C.how D./难点三:综合考查一.定语从句与强调句where\that1.Thisisthelibrary_______Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary______Iborrowedthebook.3.WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.which C.whereD.when二.定语从句与同位语从句that/which1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelieveinthenews____________hetoldusyesterday.三.定语从句与表语从句Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江苏）A.which;where B.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;where D.which;inwhichStep3.当堂检测用适当的关系词完成短文InDecember,2020,ZhangGuimei,1.______isprincipleofHuapingSeniorHighSchoolforGirls,washonouredwiththetitle“RoleModelfortheTimes”inrecognitionofherdevotiontoeducationforgirls.Zhangusedtobeanordinaryteacherandlivedapeacefullife.However,herhusbanddiedofcancer,2._______madeherverysadandhopeless.Later,shewenttoaremoteschoolinHuaping,3._______shelivedalone.One