英语高考创新备考讲义必修二Module5

Ⅰ.重点单词—识记·联想·运用[会书写]一、核心单词1.foundvt.创立；建立2.replacevt.代替；取代3.aboardadv.在船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上4.welevt.欢迎5.universen.宇宙二、阅读单词1.amateuradj.业余的2.headlinen.(新闻报道等的)标题3.astronomern.天文学家4.telescopen.望远镜5.spaceshipn.宇宙飞船6.orbitn.轨道vt.绕轨道飞行三、拓展单词1.beliefn.信念；信条→disbeliefn.不信；怀疑；疑惑2.evidencen.证据→evidentadj.明显的3.financialadj.金融的→financen.金融；财政4.economyn.经济→economicadj.经济的5.politicsn.政治→politicaladj.政治的→politiciann.政治家6.congratulationn.祝贺→congratulatevt.祝贺7.historicaladj.历史性的→historicadj.有历史意义的→historyn.历史8.achievementn.成就；功业；伟绩→achievevt.取得(成就)；达到9.amateuradj.业余的→professionaladj.(反义词)专业的10.delightedadj.高兴的；快乐的→delightvt.使高兴n.快乐，愉快→delightfuladj.令人高兴的11.producevt.创作→productionn.创作；生产→productn.产品；产物[会积累]1.“信”“不信”由你①beliefn.相信；信任；信念②faithn.信任；信念③convincev.使确信；使信服④suspectvi.&vt.怀疑；猜想⑤reliableadj.可靠的；可信赖的⑥unbelievableadj.不可相信的2.今儿个真“高兴”①cheerfuladj.令人愉快的②happyadj.高兴的；幸福的③gladadj.乐意的，高兴的④pleasedadj.高兴的，喜欢的⑤delightedadj.高兴的；欣喜的⑥joyfuladj.愉快的；高兴的3.前缀re－动词全接触①replace取代②reconsider重新考虑③replay重演，重放④rebuild重建⑤reunite重新联合⑥restart重新开始4.“－ce”结尾的n.变为“－t”结尾的adj.①evidence→evident②importance→important③difference→different④patience→patient⑤distance→distant[会应用]用所给词的适当形式填空1.Manyfriendscametocongratulatehimonhismarriage,andsomesente－mailstoexpresstheircongratulations.(congratulate)2.ItisevidentthatwiththehardevidenceLiTancan’tavoidpunishment.(evident)3.Apoliticianisonewhoisinterestedorinvolvedinpoliticsandholdsstrongbeliefsinit.(politics)4.Don’tadmirehisachievement.Youwillachieveyourambitionifyouworkhard.(achieve)5.Hewasdelightedintalkinganditwasadelighttolistentohistalk.(delight)6.Theproductwhichisproducedonhisfarmisextremelypopularwithvillagers,andtheproductionisincreasingyearbyyear.(produce)Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用[会书写]1.take__off起飞2.concentrate__on集中精力于；全神贯注于3.now__that既然4.believe__in相信5.in__total总共；合计6.inspace在太空7.inthehistoryof在……的历史上8.takephotographsof拍摄……的照片9.besimilarto和……相似10eon加油；赶快；得了吧[会积累]1.“v.＋in”短语荟萃①handin上交②takein吸收③checkin登记④settlein安顿下来⑤callin召来2e短语①eup被提出②eout出版③efrom来自，始于④eoff脱落[会应用]选用上表左栏短语填空1.Greatscientistsdon’tnecessarilygraduatefromwell－knownuniversities.Somedidn’tevenattendschoolforayearin__total.2.Now__thathisparentsaredead,thepoorboydoesn’tknowwhattodowiththemoneytheyleft.3.—I’mnotgoodatbasketball,youknow.—e__on!We’replayingforfun.Justtryandyou’llseeyoucandoit.4.Thetwobirdsresembleeachotherinshapeandcolor.Inotherwords,theyare__similar__toeachotherinshapeandcolor.5.Theyoungmothercouldn’tmakeherselfpaidattentiontobecausethebabywasconcentrating__onhistoys.Ⅲ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写句型公式1：the＋序数词＋(n.)todosth“第几个做某事的……”。[教材原句]WhenYangtookofffromJiuquaninnorthwestChinaat9amyesterday,Chinabecamethethirdnationtosendamanintospace.昨天上午9点，杨利伟在中国西北部的酒泉起飞，中国成为世界上第三个把人送入太空的国家。[句型仿写]Ibecamethefirstmiddleschoolstudentto__get__admitted__as__avolunteerforthe13thNationalGames.(2017·天津卷·满分作文)我成为第一个被录用的第13届全运会志愿者的中学生。句型公式2：when作并列连词，意为“就在这时”。[教材原句]AmateurastronomerDavidBateswaslookingatthemoonthroughhistelescopelastnightwhenhegotabigsurprise.昨天晚上，业余天文学家大卫·贝茨正在用天文望远镜观看月球，就在那时他有了一个惊人的发现。[句型仿写]Iwas__about__to__give__up__whenmybestfriendencouragedmetogoon.(福建卷·满分作文)我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。句型公式3：Thisisthefirsttime...“这是第一次……”，从句用现在完成时。[教材原句]Isthisthefirsttimehe’sseenalienslandingonthemoon?这是他第一次看见外星人登陆月球吗？[句型仿写]Thisisthesecondtimehehas__made__the__same__mistake.这是他第二次犯同样的错误。Ⅳ.语篇填空—回顾·补全·热诵根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。YangLiwei，China’sfirsttaikonaut，landed1.safely(safe)intheShenzhouⅤcapsuleinInnerMongolia.Yangwas2.inspacefortwenty－oneandahalfhoursandmadefourteenorbitsoftheearth.3.Orbiting(orbit)inthecapsule，Yangtookphotosofplanetearth4.andspoketotwoastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation.5.WhenYanglanded，PremierWenJiabaotelephonedtheControlCentretoofferhis6.congratulations(congratulate)tohim.NowChinahasbeethethirdcountry7.to__send__(send)amanintospaceandYangwasthe431stpersontotravelinspace.Intotal，the431astronauts8.have__spent(spend)morethan26，000daysinspace.Yang’ssuccessfulspaceflight9.was__considered__(consider)“animportant10.historical(history)achievement”and“astepforwardforthewholeworld”.[核心词汇]1.replacevt.代替；取代；把……放回原处(1)replacesthwith/bysth用某物替换某物(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(inplaceofsb,inone’splace,taketheplaceofsb,takeone’splace))代替某人①Inthefirstsentence,thewordwhencanbe__replaced__withassoonas.(教材原句)在第一个句子中，when可以被assoonas代替。②I’mgoingtoreplacemyoldmobilephonewithanewiPhone8.我打算买部新的iPhone8来替换那部旧。③Mostscientistsagreethatputerscannotpletelytake__the__place__ofhumans.大多数科学家认为计算机并不能完全代替人。2.congratulationn.祝贺；祝贺词(常用复数)(1)offer/sendone’scongratulationstosb(onsth)(为某事)向某人表示祝贺express/acceptone’scongratulations表示/接受某人的祝贺(2)congratulatev.祝贺；庆幸congratulatesbon/upon(doing)sth因(做)某事向某人祝贺congratulateoneselfonsth为某事庆幸/感到自豪①WhenYanglanded,PremierWenJiabaotelephonedtheControlCentretoofferhiscongratulations(congratulate).(教材原句)当杨利伟着陆后，温家宝总理给控制中心打表示祝贺。②Youshouldcongratulateyourselfonhavingdoneanexcellentjob.你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。[辨析比较]congratulate,celebrateCongratulate庆祝，祝贺。指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示祝贺，其宾语是人，表示就某事祝贺某人时，常与介词on搭配celebrate庆祝，庆贺。通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面，宾语为事件选用以上单词填空③Theycelebratedtheir25thweddinganniversaryyesterday,andmanyrelativesandfriendscongratulatedthemontheirsilverwedding.3.delightedadj.高兴的；快乐的(1)bedelightedat/with/by对……感到高兴bedelightedtodosth高兴做某事(2)delightn.&vt.(使)高兴toone’sdelight＝tothedelightofsb令某人高兴的是withdelight高兴地(3)delightfuladj.令人愉快的①Theprofessorwasdelightedto__find(find)thattwothirdsoftheprojecthad(already)beenfinishedbythestudentsindependently.(湖北卷·完成句子)教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目三分之二的工作。②To__our__delight,__Chinahaswonthebidtohostthe2022WinterOlympics.令我们高兴的是，中国赢得了2022年冬奥会的申办权。4.evidencen.证据；证明(1)evidence＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(of/forsth有某事/物的证据,that...有证据……,toshow/suggest...有证据表明……))(2)evidentadj.明显的Itisevidentthat...显然……①Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidencethatsmokingcanleadtomanydiseases.现代科学已经清楚证明吸烟会导致很多疾病。②Itisevident(evidence)thatinpetitivesocietytherearebothlosersandwinners.显然，在充满竞争的社会里，有失败者也有成功者。

5.intotal总共；合计；总计atotalof总数为……totalupto合计，总数达到totallyadv.完全地，全部地，整个地①In__total,__theseastronautshavespentmorethan26，000daysinspace.(教材原句)这些宇航员总共在太空中度过了26000多天。②A__total__of2，000visitorscametotheexhibition.Andin__total/in__all，themuseumgotanineof$10，000.总共有2000名游客来参观展览，博物馆收入总计10000美元。③ThevisitorstothePalaceMuseumduringNationalDayof2017totaledup__to650，000.2017年国庆节期间参观故宫的游客达到65万人。6.nowthat既然；由于uptonow/untilnow到目前为止(every)nowandthen不时，时而fromnowon从现在起inthat因为①Now__thatIhavemadethisfirstvisit，IhopeIcanemanymoretimes.(教材原句)既然我开始了这第一次拜访，那么我希望能够来更多次。②Thisexperimentisworthtrustingin__thatitisbasedonscientificfacts.这个实验值得信赖，因为它是建立在科学事实基础之上的。③Ihaveheardnothingfromhimup__to__now/until__now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。[名师指津](1)nowthat中的that可以省略。(2)表示“由于，既然”的短语还有：①becauseof②onaccountof③dueto④owingto[重点句型]Is__this__the__first__time__he’s__seenalienslandingonthemoon?这是他第一次看见外星人登陆月球吗？句式“This/Itis/wasthefirst/second...lasttime＋that从句”，表示“这是第一/第二/……最后一次……”。其中，that引导的是定语从句，在口语中常省略。从句通常用现在完成时和过去完成时。①Itwasthethirdtimethathehad__asked(ask)thesamequestion.这是他第三次问同一个问题。(1)Itistime(forsb)todosth表示“该是(某人)做某事的时候了”。(2)Itis(high)time＋that...表示“该做……”，that从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”或动词的过去式，should不可省略。②It’stimeforyouto__go(go)towatchtheswimmingpetition.你该去看游泳比赛了。③Itishightimethatwetook/should__take(take)effectivemeasurestocontroltheenvironmentpollution.该是我们采取有效措施来控制环境污染的时候了。[当堂达标]Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Visitorsarenotallowedtotakephotographs(照片)insidethemuseum.2.ItwasthemunistPartyofChinathatfounded(创立)thePeople’sRepublicofChina.3.Pleasebequiet,thechildisconcentrating(专注于)onhisexperiment.4.Hisfellowworkerslistenedtohisadventurestorywithdisbelief(怀疑).5.Therewasenoughevidence(证据)toprovehimwrong.6.Thepetitionisopentobothamateur(业余的)andprofessionalphotographers.7.Incultural(文化的)exchanges,misunderstandingisoftenunavoidable.8.Theband’snewalbumhashadverygoodreviews(评论).Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.It’sevident(evidence)thatwalkingmaybeaneffectivewayifyoureallywanttoloseweight.2.Youmustplacetheseeventsintheirhistorical(historic)contextwhenlearninghistory.3.Iadmirehispassionatebelief(disbelief)inwhatheisdoing.4.Weofferourcongratulations(congratulate)toyouonyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.5.Intotal，200studentswentforapicnic，includingsomefromNo.4MiddleSchool.6.Somekindsofmanuallaborhave__been__replaced(replace)bymachinesinourfactorysince2017.7.TheCDsproduced(produce)bysomestudentsarenowpopularamongtheyoung.8.Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwith/byamodernhotelornot.9.Nowthatmymotherhasatelephone,it’smucheasiertogetintouchwithher.10.ItwasthefirsttimethattheAsianGameshad__been__held(hold)inthiscountry.Ⅲ.单句改错1.Thetwoanimalsaresimilartoappearance，buttheybelongtodifferentspecies.第一个to→in2.ThisisthelasttimethatItoldyouhowtodoit.told→have__told3.Fortheirgreatdelight，theyfoundthathewasgraduallyrecovering.For→To4.Iwasonthepointofgoingoutwhilethetelephonerang.while→when5.Iholdthefirmbeliefonlywheneverybodymakesaneffortcanoursocietybewarmerandmoreharmonious.belief后加thatⅣ.一句多译/句型转换1.没有人可以取代父亲在她心目中的位置。①Noonecanreplace__her__fatherinherheart.②Noonecantake__the__place__of__her__fatherinherheart.③Noonecantake__her__father’s__placeinherheart.2.我们祝贺你们通过了高考。①Congratulations__to__you__onyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulation)②Weoffer/send__our__congratulations__to__you__onyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulation)③Wecongratulate__you__onyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulate)3.Pleasetrytokeepyourpromisesinceeverythinghasbeenarranged.→Pleasetrytokeepyourpromisenowthateverythinghasbeenarranged.4.Wearedelightedtohavethechancetoattendthemeeting.→Wearedelightedthatwewillhavethechancetoattendthemeeting.→Toourdelight，wewillhavethechancetoattendthemeeting.→Itisdelightfulforustohavethechancetoattendthemeeting.5.Forthefirsttimeinhistwelveyears，hehadspentanafternoonatafriend’shouse.→Itwasthefirsttimeinhistwelveyearsthathehad__spentanafternoonatafriend’shouse.[课下作业]Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018·东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟试卷)Lastweek,EducationSecretaryArneDuncandeclaredawaronpapertextbooks.“Overthenextfewyears，”hesaidinaspeechattheNationalPressClub，“textbooksshouldbeabandoned.”Intheirplacewouldeavarietyofdigitallearningtechnologies,likee－readersandmultimediawebsites.Suchtechnologiescertainlyhavetheirplace.ButSecretaryDuncanisthreateningtolightafiretoatriedandtruetechnology—goodoldpaper—thathasbeenthefoundationforoneofthegreateducationalsystemsontheplanet.Whilee－readersandmultimediamayseemappealing，theideaofreplacinganeffectivelearningplatformwithawidelyhyped(炒作)butstillunprovenoneisextremelydangerous.Anexpertonreading,MaryanneWolf,hasrecentlybegunstudyingtheeffectsofdigitalreadingonlearning,andsofartheresultsaremixed.SheworriesthatInternetreading，inparticular,couldbesuchasourceofdistractions(分散注意力的事)forthestudentthatitmaycanceloutmostotherpotentialbenefitsofaweb－linked，e－learningenvironment.Whileit’struethatthehigh－techindustryhassponsoredsubstantialamountsofresearchonthepotentialbenefitsofWeb－basedlearning,notenoughtimehaspassedforlongitudinal(纵观的)studiestodemonstratethefulleffects.Inaddition,digital－readingadvocatesclaimthatlightweighte－booksbenefitstudents’backsandsaveschools’money.Buttherollingbackpackseemstohavesolvedtheweightproblem,andtheastoundingcoststooutfiteverystudentwithane－reader，providetechnicalsupportandpayforregularsoftwareupdatespromisetomakethee－textbookaverypriceychoice.Asbothateacherwhousespapertextbooksandastudentofurbanhistory,Ican’thelpbutwonderwhatparallelsexistbetweenmyownfieldandthissudden,wholesaleabandonmentofthetechnologyofpaper.【语篇导读】本文讨论了数字化的学习技术能否取代传统的纸质教科书。1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Atriedandtruetechnologyispaper,longusedintheeducationalsystem.B.Digital－learningtechnologieswillreplacethepapertextbookssoonerorlater.C.E－readersandmultimediawebsitesarelearningmethodsthatareprovedeffective.D.Multimediawebsitesandgoodoldpaperarekindsofdigital－learningtechnologies.答案A[细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“ButSecretaryDuncaniscationalsystemsontheplanet”可知，纸质教科书是经实践反复检验的在教育体系中长期使用的一种技术。]2.Whatisthedrawbackofatextbookaccordingtothepassage?A.Itsprice. B.Itsweight.C.Itscontent. D.Itsappearance.答案B[细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“Buttherollingbackpackseemstohavesolvedtheweightproblem”可知，教科书的缺点是太重。]3.WhatworriesMaryanneWolfisthat________.A.paperlearningcanprovidemorepotentialbenefitsB.theresultsofdigitalreading’seffectsareunderstandableC.studentsmaynotfocusonlearningbydigitalreadingD.digitalreadingcan’tprovidepotentialbenefitsforusers答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“SheworriesthatInternetreading，inparticular，couldbesuchasourceofdistractions(分散注意力的事)forthestudent”可知她担心数字阅读会分散学生的注意力，让他们不能专注于学习。]4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdigitallearning?A.disapproving B.supportiveC.positive D.objective答案D[观点态度题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“Ican’thelpbutwonder...ofpaper”可知，作者对数字阅读的看法是客观的。]Ⅱ.七选五(2018·陕西省高三教学质量检测试题)HowtoChooseaTopicforYourPaperNomatterwhatresearchpaperyouwrite，thefirstandmostimportantstepistochoosethetopic.__1__Herearesometipsforyoutofollow.Tochooseagoodtopic,you’llhavetoaskyourselfsomeimportantquestions.Isthereenoughresearchavailableonthistopic?IsthetopicnewanduniqueenoughthatIcanofferfreshopinions?Isitrelatedtomysubjectandfutureoccupation?__2__Writingaboutsomethingyouenjoycertainlyshowsinthefinalproduct,makingitmorelikelythatyouwillbesuccessfulinwritingapaperaboutsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyouarewritingaresearchpaperforaclass，considertheotherstudents.__3__Howcanyoukeepyourpaperuniqueandinterestingifeveryoneiswritingaboutthesamething?Askyourprofessororclassmatesforadvice，ifyou’restrugglingtoeupwitha“right”topic.__4__Sometimesaskingprofessorsforhelpmayseemfrightening，butiftheyareworthanythingasaprofessor,theywantyoutobesuccessfulinyourwork,andwilldowhattheycantomakethathappen.Ifyouchooseatopic,beginresearching,andrealizethatitisn’ttherightdecisionforyouforsomereason,don’tworry！__5__Althoughitrequiresabitmoretime,yetchangingyourtopicwillmakeyourwritingmoreefficient.A.Haveaclearpictureoforganizationinmind.B.Becourageousandchangeit.C.Isitlikelythattheywillalsobewritingaboutyourtopic?D.However,manystudentsarediscouragedbythisfirststep.E.Takeatriptoyourlocallibraryoruniversitylibrary.F.Chooseatopicthatyouhaveverystrongemotionin.G.Theyarelikelytohavegreatideas.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了如何选择论文主题。1.D[根据上文的“thefirstandmostimportantstepistochoosethetopic”可推知，此处应表示“可是很多学生在第一步就受挫”，所以选D项。]2.F[根据下文的“Writingaboutsomethingyouenjoycertainlyshowsinthefinalproduct，makingitmorelikelythatyouwillbesuccessfulinwritingapaperaboutsomethingyouenjoy”可知，本段主要讲要对自己的选题有兴趣，这样才有可能写好，所以选F项。]3.C[根据上文的“considertheotherstudents”及下文的“Howcanyoukeepyourpaperuniqueandinterestingifeveryoneiswritingaboutthesamething”可知，论文选题要考虑到其他学生是否也会选同一话题，所以选C项。]4.G[根据上文的“Askyourprofessororclassmatesforadvice，ifyou’restrugglingtoeupwitha‘right’topic”可推知，老师或同学可能会给你一些好的建议，所以选G项。]5.B[根据上文的“itisn’ttherightdecision”及下文的“changingyourtopicwillmakeyourwritingmoreefficient”可知，发现选题不合适时要有足够的勇气去替换它，所以选B项。]Ⅲ.完形填空(2018·陕西省西安地区八校高三年级联考)Goodmannersrequireastrongsenseofjustice；courtesy(谦恭)isoften__1__morethanahighlydevelopedsenseoffairplay.Afriendofmineoncetoldmeaboutatimehewas__2__alongaroughmountainroad.__3__wasanothercarthatproducedcloudsof__4__，anditwasalongwaytothenearest__5__highway.Suddenly，ata(n)__6__place，thecarahead__7__theroad.Thinkingthatitsownermighthaveenginetrouble,myfriendstoppedandaskedifanythingwas__8__.“No”，saidtheotherdriver，“butyou’vesufferedfrommydustthisfar;I’ll__9__withyourstherestoftheway.”Anotheraspectofcourtesyisempathy(同感)，a__10__thatenablesapersontoseeintothemindorheartofsomeone__11__，tounderstandthepainor__12__thereandtodosomethingtominimizeit.Aman__13__aloneinarestaurantwastryingto__14__thecapofabeerbottle,buthecouldn’tdoitbecauseofbadlyinjured__15__.Heaskedayoungboyforhelp.Theboytookthebottle，turnedhisback__16__andloosenedthecapwithoutdifficulty.Thenhe__17__itagain.Turningbacktotheman,he__18__tomakegreateffortstoopenthebottlewithoutsuccess.__19__hetookitintothekitchenandreturnedshortly,sayingthathehadmanagedtoloosenit,but__20__withapairofpliers(钳子).Yousee，courtesyisthekeytoahappierworld.【语篇导读】本文通过两个故事告诉我们谦恭是公平感的高度发展，是善解人意的品质。1.A.nothing B.anythingC.something D.everything答案A[根据本句“Goodmannersrequireastrongsenseofjustice；courtesy(谦恭)isoften__1__morethanahighlydevelopedsenseoffairplay”可知，礼貌需要强烈的公正感，据此可以判断，谦恭只不过是公平感的高度发展，nothingmorethan为固定搭配，意为“只不过”。]2.A.walking B.runningC.standing D.driving答案D[根据下句中的“wasanothercar”可知，“我”的朋友驾车行驶在崎岖的山路上。D项意为“驾驶”，故D项正确。]3.A.Behind B.AheadC.Away D.Beside答案B[根据该句中的“producedclouds”，上句中的“aroughmountainroad”和下文的“ahead”可知，“我”的朋友驾车行驶在崎岖的山路上，他前面的车掀起尘土。B项意为“在前面”，故B项正确。]4.A.dust B.smokeC.gas D.pollution答案A[参见上题解析。下文的“sufferedfrommydust”是提示。]5.A.new B.usedC.smooth D.repaired答案C[根据本段第二句中的“aroughmountainroad”以及该句中的“highway”可以判