福建省宁德市2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题【含答案解析】

宁德市2024—2025学年度第一学期期末高一质量检测英语试题（考试时间：120分钟满分150分）温馨提示：请将全部答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，共30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howwillthespeakersgotothepark?A.Bybike.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.2.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.It’ssunny.B.It’srainy.C.It’scloudy.3.WhendidthemanlearntocookChinesefood?A.Lastyear.B.Lastmonth.C.Lastweek.4.Whydidthewomanleaveearly?A.Shedidn’tfeelwell.B.Shefoundthemovieterrible.C.Shehadtopickhermotherup.5.Whereistheman?A.Athome.B.Inhisoffice.C.Inthehospital.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7小题。6Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Seasons.B.Weather.C.Holidays.7.HowlongwilltheystayinItaly?A.Tendays.B.Threeweeks.C.Amonth.听第7段材料，回答第8、9小题。8.Whatkindofpizzaisthemanordering?A.AtomatopizzaB.Aseafoodpizza.C.Acheesepizza.9.Howsoonwillthepizzabeready?A.Inabout10minutes.B.Inabout20minutes.C.Inabout30minutes.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hegetstiredeasilyinwinter.B.Hehasbeenbusyforaweek.C.Hehasgotacoldagain.11.Whatwillthemanbegintotry?A.Ridingabike.B.Goingtothegym.C.Climbingthestairs.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Husbandandwife.C.Doctorandpatient.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydidn’tthewomananswerthephone?A.Shedidn’thearthephoneringing.B.Shedidn’ttakeherphonewithher.C.Therewassomethingwrongwithherphone.14.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.15.WhathasthemanpreparedforAnn’sbirthday?A.AnewCD.B.Aspecialsurprise.C.Afunparty.16.WhatwillAnn’scousindo?A.CometoseeAnn.B.GotoFrancetomorrow.C.BuyAnnaplaneticket.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wherearethevisitorsfrom?A.China.B.England.C.America.18.Wherewillthestudentsmeetthevisitors?A.Inthegarden.B.Attheschoolgate.C.Attheschoolfactory.19.Whatactivitywillbeheldontheplayground?A.Awelcomeparty.B.AnEnglishlecture.C.Abasketballmatch.20.Whenwillthevisitorsleavetheschool?A.At9:00.B.At11:00.C.At12:00.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳答案。AThereareplentyofamazingplacestovisitinThailand,andherearefourpopularonesthatareworthavisit.Bangkok,capitalofThailand,isamust-seecity.Hereyoucanexploretemples,royalpalaces,oneofthecraziestnightlifescenesintheworld,andeatalltheamazingThaifood.HereyoucanseetheGrandPalace’sbeautifulartwork,andshopatChatuchakWeekendMarket.Bangkokisanonionthatrequirestimetopeel(剥)back.KoLantaisawonderfulplacetovisit.It’slesscrowdedthansomeotherdevelopedislands,makingitfeellikeahiddentreasure.Ithaswide,whitebeaches,beautifulsunsets,andgreatwateractivitieslikesnorkelinganddiving.It’sarelaxedplacewhereyoucanstillfeeltheoldThailand.KoPhiPhiisoneofthemostpopulartouristislandsinThailand.

It’sknownforMayaBay,whichwasinthemovie“TheBeach”withLeonardoDiCaprio.Peoplealsocomeforthedivingandnightlife.Destroyedbythetsunamiin2004,theislandhasbeenrebuiltanddevelopedbetterthanbefore.

ChiangMai

isacityfilledwithmanytemplesandnightmarkets.It’sagoodplaceforforesttours,adventureactivities,orvisitstothenearbyelephantshelterswhereyoucanvolunteertohelprescuedelephants.ChiangMaiisalsoconsideredoneofthefoodiecapitalsofthecountry,sobesuretogetyourfilloffood.1.WhatcantouristsexperienceinBangkok?A.Peelonions. B.Visitbeaches. C.Trylocalfood. D.Exploreislands.2.Wherewouldyougoifyou’reinterestedinanimalprotection?A.Bangkok. B.KoLanta. C.KoPhiPhi. D.ChiangMai.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A.Art. B.Travel. C.Education. D.Environment.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了泰国四个热门旅游景点的情况。1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Hereyoucanexploretemples,royalpalaces,oneofthecraziestnightlifescenesintheworld,andeatalltheamazingThaifood.(在这里，你可以探索寺庙、皇家宫殿、世界上最疯狂的夜生活场景之一，还可以吃到所有令人惊叹的泰国食物)”可知，游客在曼谷可以尝试当地食物。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“It’sagoodplaceforforesttours,adventureactivities,orvisitstothenearbyelephantshelterswhereyoucanvolunteertohelprescuedelephants.(这是进行森林之旅、探险活动或参观附近大象收容所的好地方，在那里你可以自愿帮助获救的大象)”可知，如果你对动物保护感兴趣，你可以去清迈。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ThereareplentyofamazingplacestovisitinThailand,andherearefourpopularonesthatareworthavisit.(泰国有很多令人惊叹的地方值得一游，这里有四个值得一游的热门景点)”结合文章主要介绍了泰国四个热门旅游景点的情况。可知，文章选自杂志的“旅行”部分。故选B。BMywood-shopteacher,Mr.AugustJ.Bachmann,wasthemostimportantteacherIeverhad.Ihadgotintotroubleinhisclass:Anotherstudenthadpushedmeintoawoodlathe,andIbecameangryandbegantohithim.Mr.Bachmannstoppedthefight,butinsteadofsendingmetotheoffice,hesatmedownandaskedasimplequestion,“Penna,whyareyouwastingyourlife?Whyaren’tyougoingtocollege?”Iknewnothingaboutcolleges.Ihadneverconsideredafatherlessboyfromthepoorestneighborhoodhadafuture.Thatday,insteadofrushingoffforlunch,hestayedandexplainedpossibleeducationchoicestome.Attheendofourtalk,hesentmetoseeasecretarywhohadachildatastatecollege.Thiswasin1962atEmersonHighSchool.Well,53yearshavepassed.Igainedadoctor’sdegree.ItaughtEnglishandsocialstudies.AndImovedupfromteachertoheadmaster.I’vewonanumberofeducationalawardsnow.ButwherewouldIbeifatrulycaringteacherhadnottakenthetimeoutofhislunchperiodtospeaktome?Itwaswithoutquestiononlyhisconfidenceinmethatpropelledmeforward.Ihaverepaidhiskindnesshundredsoftimesbyencouragingmisguidedyoungsters.IfIhavesavedanychildren,itisbecauseofhim.IfIhavebeenasuccessfuleducator,itisbecauseIhadagreatrolemodelinMr.Bachmann.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorwhenhewasachild?A.Hewasfromahappyfamily.B.Hewaspunishedbytheteacher.C.Hewasthepoorestinhisclass.D.Hewasnotconfidentatfirst.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propelled”probablymean?A.Put. B.Delivered. C.Pushed. D.Called.6.WhichcanbestdescribeMr.Bachmann?A.Honestandpatient. B.Kindandhumorous.C.Braveandwise. D.Caringandresponsible.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?A.Toshowhisthanks. B.Toshowhisconfidence.C.Torepaythekindness. D.Toencourageyoungpeople.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中时因老师Bachmann的关心和引导，从迷茫中走出，最终成为一名成功的教育者，并表达了对老师的深深感激之情。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Iknewnothingaboutcolleges.Ihadneverconsideredafatherlessboyfromthepoorestneighborhoodhadafuture.(我对大学一无所知。我从没想过一个来自最贫穷社区的没有父亲的男孩会有未来)”可知，作者因为自己来自最贫穷的社区以及没有父亲，从未考虑过自己会有未来。由此推知，当作者还是个孩子的时候，他起初并不自信。故选D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。划线词所在句的前一句“ButwherewouldIbeifatrulycaringteacherhadnottakenthetimeoutofhislunchperiodtospeaktome?(但是，如果一位真正充满关怀的老师没有在午餐时间抽出时间来和我说话，我会在哪里呢)”表明Bachmann先生的关怀改变了作者的人生，再结合划线词的前文“Itwaswithoutquestiononlyhisconfidenceinme(毫无疑问，只是他对我的信心)”可推知，Bachmann先生对他的信心推动他前进。划线词意思应该是“推动”，与Pushed“推动，促使”意思接近。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mr.Bachmannstoppedthefight,butinsteadofsendingmetotheoffice,hesatmedownandaskedasimplequestion,“Penna,whyareyouwastingyourlife?Whyaren’tyougoingtocollege?”(Bachmann先生制止了这场争斗，但他没有让我去办公室，而是让我坐下，问了一个简单的问题：“Penna，你为什么要浪费生命？你为什么不去上大学？”)”和第三段中“Thatday,insteadofrushingoffforlunch,hestayedandexplainedpossibleeducationchoicestome.Attheendofourtalk,hesentmetoseeasecretarywhohadachildatastatecollege.(那天，他没有匆匆去吃午饭，而是留下来给我解释可能的教育选择。谈话结束时，他让我去见一位秘书，她的孩子在一所州立大学上学)”可知，Bachmann先生在作者打架后没有惩罚他，而是耐心开导他，并帮助他规划未来。由此推知，Bachmann是一位有爱心和责任感的人。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Mywood-shopteacher,Mr.AugustJ.Bachmann,wasthemostimportantteacherIeverhad.(我的木工课老师AugustJ.Bachmann先生是我遇到的最重要的老师)”和最后一段中“IfIhavesavedanychildren,itisbecauseofhim.IfIhavebeenasuccessfuleducator,itisbecauseIhadagreatrolemodelinMr.Bachmann.(如果我拯救了任何孩子，那都是因为他。如果我成为一名成功的教育者，那是因为我有Bachmann先生这样一位伟大的榜样)”可知，作者讲述了自己在高中时因老师Bachmann的关心和引导，从迷茫中走出，最终成为一名成功的教育者的经历，在讲述中表达了对Bachmann先生的感激之情。故选A项。CAstheArctic(北极)continuestowarmbecauseofclimatechange,polarbearsarespendingmoretimesearchingforfoodinrubbishcans,insteadofhuntingforseals(海豹)onseaice.Andashumanactivityinnortherncommunitiesincreases,thebears’growingdependenceonrubbishisleadingtomorehuman-bearconflict(冲突).Polarbearsspendmuchoftheyearwalkingaroundonseaicelookingforseals,theirmainsourceoffood.ButscientistssaytheArcticOceaniswarmingfourtimesfasterthantherestoftheworldand,asaresult,Arcticseaiceismelting(融化)earliereachspringandforminglatereachfall,whichmeansthebearsaregoinghungryforlongerandlongerperiodsoftime.Withlessseaice,thebearsarespendingmoretimeonland.Andbecauseoftheircuriousnature,they’refindingtheirwaytorubbishcans,whichisdangerousforbothbearsandhumans.Scientistsarealsoconcernedbecauseyoungpolarbearsstillunderthecareoftheirmothersarelearningrubbishisaneasysourceoffood.Thesituationwilllikelygetworse,unlessgovernmentstakestepstoimprovewastemanagement.Butdealingwithrubbishhashistoricallybeenachallengeforfarawaynortherncommunities,wherethegroundisoftentoofrozentoburyrubbishandtruckingtherubbishoutisexpensive.Still,theresearcherscallforimmediateaction,asfood-relatedpolarbearissuescanquicklygetoutofcontrol.Bearsrememberwheretheyfindfoodandwillreturnagainandagain,ofteningreaternumbers.Inaddition,humanpopulationsinthenortharealsogrowing,whichwillalsomeanmorerubbish.8.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Climatechange. B.Rubbishproblem.C.Foodissueofpolarbears. D.humanactivities.9.Whatmakespolarbearsgohungryforlongertime?ALessseaicethannormal. B.Extremeweatherconditions.C.Thedropinsealpopulation. D.Overuseofresourcesbyhumans.10.Whatarescientistsconcernedabout?A.Bearpopulationwillincreaseingreatnumbers.B.HumanwasteintheArcticisexpensivetodealwith.C.Manygovernmentsrefusetotakeimmediateaction.D.Littlepolarbearsmaydevelopahabitofeatingrubbish.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthepolarbears’future?A.Worried. B.Uncertain. C.Positive. D.Hopeful.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北极熊因为海冰减少，导致生存危机，文章分析了这一情况产生的原因以及人们为此付出的努力。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“AstheArctic(北极)continuestowarmbecauseofclimatechange,polarbearsarespendingmoretimesearchingforfoodinrubbishcans,insteadofhuntingforseals(海豹)onseaice.Andashumanactivityinnortherncommunitiesincreases,thebears’growingdependenceonrubbishisleadingtomorehuman-bearconflict(冲突).(由于气候变化，北极持续变暖，北极熊花更多的时间在垃圾桶里寻找食物，而不是在海冰上捕食海豹。随着人类在北方社区活动的增加，北极熊对垃圾的依赖越来越大，这导致了更多的人熊冲突)”可知，第一段主要讲的是北极熊的食物问题。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ButscientistssaytheArcticOceaniswarmingfourtimesfasterthantherestoftheworldand,asaresult,Arcticseaiceismelting(融化)earliereachspringandforminglatereachfall,whichmeansthebearsaregoinghungryforlongerandlongerperiodsoftime.(但是科学家说，北冰洋变暖的速度是世界其他地区的四倍，因此，北极海冰每年春天融化得更早，每年秋天形成得更晚，这意味着北极熊挨饿的时间越来越长)”可知，海冰比正常情况少让北极熊长时间挨饿。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Scientistsarealsoconcernedbecauseyoungpolarbearsstillunderthecareoftheirmothersarelearningrubbishisaneasysourceoffood.(科学家们也很担心，因为还在母亲照顾下的小北极熊正在学习垃圾是一种容易的食物来源)”可知，科学家们担心的是小北极熊可能会养成吃垃圾的习惯。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butdealingwithrubbishhashistoricallybeenachallengeforfarawaynortherncommunities,wherethegroundisoftentoofrozentoburyrubbishandtruckingtherubbishoutisexpensive.(但是，处理垃圾历来对遥远的北方社区来说是一个挑战，那里的土地往往太冻结而无法掩埋垃圾，而且用卡车运出垃圾的成本很高)”以及“Bearsrememberwheretheyfindfoodandwillreturnagainandagain,ofteningreaternumbers.Inaddition,humanpopulationsinthenortharealsogrowing,whichwillalsomeanmorerubbish.(熊记得它们在哪里找到食物，并且会一次又一次地回来，通常是成群结队。此外，北方的人口也在增长，这也意味着更多的垃圾)”可知，作者对北极熊的未来感到担心。故选A。DResearchersatMIThavecomeupwiththeconcept(概念)of“outdoordays”—thenumberofdaysperyearinagivenplacewhenthetemperatureisnottoohotorcoldtoenjoynormaloutdooractivities.TheyusedthismethodtomeasurehowglobalwarmingaffectsdifferentareasoftheUnitedStates.Theydiscoveredthatsomestates,particularlyFloridaandotherpartsoftheSoutheast,wouldseeabigdropinoutdoordays,whilesomestatesintheNorthwestwouldseeasmallincrease.ThisfindingwaspublishedinGeophysicalResearchLettersbyresearchersYeon-WooChoiandElfatihEltahir.Bycollectingandexaminingtemperaturedata(数据)since1960,theresearchersfoundthatinrecentyears,thenumberofoutdoordaysinsomeplaceshaschangedcomparedtothepast.“ItseemsliketheSoutheastissufferingmajorlossesinthenumberofoutdoordays,”saysChoi.“Thiswillaffectpeople’squalityoflife,andalsotheattractivenessoftourismandforpeoplewhowanttosettleherewhentheygetold.”Thestudyalsofoundthattheseasonalpattern(模式)ofoutdoordaysmightchangealot.Althoughmostareasnowenjoythemostoutdoordaysinsummer,springandfallwillbecomethepreferredseasonsforoutdooractivitiesassummersgethotter.ThischangecanbeseeninFlorida,wherespringandfallareincreasinglybecomingthemoreenjoyableseasonsforoutdooractivities,whilesummerisnolongerthebesttimeoftheyear.Eltahirexplains,“Wenoticedthatsomepeoplethinkclimatechangewillhappenlaterandwillaffectsomeoneelse.Andthisbeliefispartofthereasonwhypeoplearenottakingenoughactionnow.”However,theideaofoutdoordaysconnectsclimatechangetopersonaldailyactivities.Headds,“Wehopethisideawouldleadtothedevelopmentofsound,science-basedplanstofightclimatechange.”12.Whatistheconceptof“outdoordays”about?A.Weatherreport. B.Climateissue.C.temperaturedata. D.Weatherservice.13.WhatwillfeweroutdoordaysleadtoaccordingtoChoi?A.Growthintourismindustry.B.Attractivenessfortheold.C.Lowerqualityoflife.D.Dropinindooractivities.14.WhatcanwelearnfromEltahir’swords?A.Climatechangewilltakeplacelater.B.“Outdoordays”leadstoclimatechange.C.“Outdoordays”preventspeopletakingaction.D.Effectiveplansareneededtofightclimatechange.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.OutdoorDays:ANewConcepttoEnjoyLifeB.OutdoorDays:AMeasureonClimateChangeC.OutdoorDays:AWaytoExplainSeasonalPatternD.OutdoorDays:AMethodtoPredictTourismDirection【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了麻省理工学院的研究人员提出的“户外日”的概念，可被用来测量全球变暖对美国不同地区的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ResearchersatMIThavecomeupwiththeconcept(概念)of“outdoordays”—thenumberofdaysperyearinagivenplacewhenthetemperatureisnottoohotorcoldtoenjoynormaloutdooractivities.TheyusedthismethodtomeasurehowglobalwarmingaffectsdifferentareasoftheUnitedStates.(麻省理工学院的研究人员提出了“户外日”的概念，即每年在一个特定的地方，温度不太热或太冷，可以享受正常户外活动的天数。他们用这种方法测量了全球变暖对美国不同地区的影响)”可知，“户外日”是和气候问题有关的。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中引用Choi所说“ItseemsliketheSoutheastissufferingmajorlossesinthenumberofoutdoordays(看起来东南部的户外天数损失很大)”及“Thiswillaffectpeople’squalityoflife,andalsotheattractivenessoftourismandforpeoplewhowanttosettleherewhentheygetold.(这将影响人们的生活质量，也会影响旅游业的吸引力，以及那些想在这里养老的人的吸引力)”可知，他认为户外日的减少可能会导致人们生活质量的降低。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段引语“Wehopethisideawouldleadtothedevelopmentofsound,science-basedplanstofightclimatechange.(我们希望这个想法将导致制定出合理的、基于科学的应对气候变化的计划)”可推知，他认为为了应对气候变化，需要制定有效的计划。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“ResearchersatMIThavecomeupwiththeconcept(概念)of“outdoordays”—thenumberofdaysperyearinagivenplacewhenthetemperatureisnottoohotorcoldtoenjoynormaloutdooractivities.TheyusedthismethodtomeasurehowglobalwarmingaffectsdifferentareasoftheUnitedStates.(麻省理工学院的研究人员提出了“户外日”的概念，即每年在一个特定的地方，温度不太热或太冷，可以享受正常户外活动的天数。他们用这种方法测量了全球变暖对美国不同地区的影响)”可知，本文的主题是介绍“outdoordays”这个可以用来测量气候变化的概念。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两项为多余选项。Schoolbullying(霸凌)isacommonproblemaroundtheworld.Readthisarticletounderstandmoreaboutbullyingandfindoutwhatyoucandotostopit.Whatisbullying?Bullyingisnotjustphysical,likehittingorkickingsomeone.Bullyingcanalsobewithwords—sayingorwritingunkindthings.____16____Itislikechoosingnottoincludesomeoneortellingotherpeoplenottobefriendswiththem.____17____Peoplewhoarebulliedaremorelikelytosufferfromstressandworry.Theymightloseinterestintheactivitiestheyenjoy,avoidspendingtimewithotherpeopleandnotgotoclassesorschool,whichhasaharmfuleffectontheirlearning.Whatdifferentrolesdokidsplay?Bullyingusuallyinvolvesmorepeoplethanyouthink.Therearethepeoplewhobullyandthosewhoarebullied.Sometimesotherpeoplehelpthebullyorjoinin.Andsomekidsdon’tbullydirectlybutsupportitbywatching.___18___Tostopbullying,weneedmorepeoplelikethemtostepup.Howtohelp?Doesyourschooldoanythingtopreventbullying?____19____Thisgroupcandomanythings.Avarietyofactivitiescanbecarriedouttohelpmorepeopleunderstandwhatbullyingisandhowtodealwithitproperly.Bullyingisasocialproblemanditneedsasolutionfromsociety—inotherwords,everyone.Thenexttimeyouseesomeonebeingcruel,takeastand.Don’tlaughorstepback,butreporttoanadultimmediately.____20____A.Whyisstressandworryharmful?B.Whataretheinfluencesofbullying?C.Yourimmediateactionmakesadifference.D.Anothertypeofbullyingissocialbullying.E.Thentherearekidswhostayawayfromthesituation.F.Whynotstartastudentgroupagainstbullying?G.However,therearealsokidswhowanttohelpordefendthebullied.【答案】16.D17.B18.G19.F20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了校园霸凌的定义、类型、影响，涉及的角色以及应对和阻止霸凌的方法，强调这需要社会各方共同努力。【16题详解】上文“Bullyingisnotjustphysical,likehittingorkickingsomeone.Bullyingcanalsobewithwords—sayingorwritingunkindthings.(霸凌不仅仅是身体上的，比如殴打或踢打某人。霸凌也可以是言语上的——说或写刻薄的话)”介绍了身体霸凌和言语霸凌，D选项“Anothertypeofbullyingissocialbullying.(另一种霸凌是社交霸凌)”引出了新的霸凌类型，即社交霸凌，与上文的两种霸凌类型构成并列关系，上下文衔接自然。故选D项。【17题详解】根据下文“Peoplewhoarebulliedaremorelikelytosufferfromstressandworry.Theymightloseinterestintheactivitiestheyenjoy,avoidspendingtimewithotherpeopleandnotgotoclassesorschool,whichhasaharmfuleffectontheirlearning.(被霸凌的人更有可能遭受压力和担忧。他们可能会对自己喜欢的活动失去兴趣，避免与他人相处，不去上课或上学，这对他们的学习有不良影响)”可知，本段主要介绍了霸凌对被霸凌者造成的影响，B选项“Whataretheinfluencesofbullying?(霸凌有什么影响？)”可作为段落标题统领段落内容，且和其他段落标题一样使用疑问句的形式。故选B项。【18题详解】上文“Bullyingusuallyinvolvesmorepeoplethanyouthink.Therearethepeoplewhobullyandthosewhoarebullied.Sometimesotherpeoplehelpthebullyorjoinin.Andsomekidsdon’tbullydirectlybutsupportitbywatching.(霸凌涉及的人通常比你想象的要多。有欺负别人的人和被欺负的人。有时其他人会帮助欺凌者或加入其中。有些孩子不会直接欺负别人，而是通过观看来支持)”提到霸凌涉及霸凌者、被霸凌者、帮助或参与霸凌的人以及旁观支持的人，而下文“Tostopbullying,weneedmorepeoplelikethemtostepup.(为了阻止霸凌，我们需要更多像他们这样的人站出来)”中提到的人是对阻止霸凌有积极作用的人，G选项“However,therearealsokidswhowanttohelpordefendthebullied.(然而，也有一些孩子想帮助或保护被霸凌的人)”与上文构成转换关系，引出新的角色，句中“kidswhowanttohelpordefendthebullied”与下文“them”构成指代关系，与上下文逻辑连贯。故选G项。【19题详解】下文“Thisgroupcandomanythings.Avarietyofactivitiescanbecarriedouttohelpmorepeopleunderstandwhatbullyingisandhowtodealwithitproperly.(这个团体可以做很多事情。可以开展各种各样的活动，帮助更多的人了解什么是霸凌以及如何正确应对它)”提到了一个团体，F选项“Whynotstartastudentgroupagainstbullying?(为什么不成立一个反霸凌的学生团体呢？)”提出成立反霸凌学生团体的建议，句中“astudentgroupagainstbullying”与下文的“thisgroup”构成指代关系，上下文衔接紧密。故选F项。【20题详解】上文“Thenexttimeyouseesomeonebeingcruel,takeastand.Don’tlaughorstepback,butreporttoanadultimmediately.(下次你看到有人被欺负时，要表明立场。不要嘲笑或退缩，而是立即向成年人报告)”强调了看到霸凌行为时要立即采取行动，C选项“Yourimmediateactionmakesadifference.(你的立即行动会起到作用)”进一步说明立即行动的重要性，与上文逻辑一致。故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，共40分）第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文，从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasyoung,mymotherwasverymuchconcernedformyhappiness.Andshewasalwaysthereto___21___mewhenIwasinneed.Butshenevermadedecisionsforme.Wehadproperboundaries(边界).Whenmyownturncameforbeinga___22___,Iwasdeterminedtodoso.ButasmydaughterandIsatdowntochoose___23___fortheseventhgrade,Ifelttheboundariesbeginto___24___.Itriedtoforcemy“practicalwisdom”onher.Inherschool,studentswere___25___threeelectives(选修课)eachterm.Severalofthesewereyear-longcourses-band,yearbookandSpanish,whiletherest-drama,leadershipandPEwereofferedrandomly(随机地).Ihated___26___inmyownschooldays.Wereadthe___27___forelectivescarefullyandmyworrieswentdown.“Youcan___28___band,yearbookandSpanish,andyouwon’thavetotakePEever,”Itoldher.Isettledbackintomychair,a___29___takenoffmyshoulders.Mydaughter,____30____,disagreed.“ButI’mnotsureIwanttotakeSpanish.AndIwanttodotheleadershipclass...and____31____drama!”Finally,shestillchosetotakethechanceandsignedupfortwoyear-longcoursesandoneperiodofthe____32____elective.Isuddenly____33____thatitismydaughter’s____34____togointotheseventhgrade,notme.Sheisherownperson.Theboundarieswere____35____again.21.A.teach B.admire C.support D.observe22.A.teacher B.mother C.student D.guide23.A.dictionaries B.courses C.references D.projects24.A.fall B.form C.divide D.spread25.A.shown B.allowed C.shared D.awarded26.A.band B.drama C.PE D.leadership27.A.news B.textbook C.paper D.guideline28.A.signupfor B.setup C.makeuseof D.concentrateon29.A.threat B.right C.weight D.doubt30.A.finally B.therefore C.still D.however31.A.manage B.review C.introduce D.try32.A.excellent B.random C.difficult D.interesting33.A.realized B.wondered C.announced D.pretended34.A.turn B.way C.pleasure D.effort35.A.different B.disappearing C.clear D.closed【答案】21.C22.B23.B24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.D31.D32.B33.A34.A35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者小时候母亲尊重自己的边界，而自己在为女儿选课时试图越界，最终意识到应尊重女儿的选择，边界再次清晰起来。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我需要的时候，她总是在那里支持我。A.teach教；B.admire钦佩；C.support支持；D.observe观察。根据前文“WhenIwasyoung,mymotherwasverymuchconcernedformyhappiness.”可知，母亲关心作者的幸福，所以在作者需要时总会支持她。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当轮到我成为一个母亲的时候，我决心这么做。A.teacher老师；B.mother母亲；C.student学生；D.guide导游。根据前文“myownturncame”和后文“asmydaughterandIsatdowntochoose...”可知，作者自己成为了母亲。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我和女儿坐下来为七年级选择课程时，我感觉边界开始瓦解了。A.dictionaries字典；B.courses课程；C.references参考资料；D.projects项目。根据前文“mydaughterandIsatdowntochoose”和后文“threeelectives(选修课) eachterm”可知，这里是选课程。故选B项。24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我和女儿坐下来为七年级选择课程时，我感觉边界开始瓦解了。A.fall倒下，瓦解；B.form形成；C.divide划分；D.spread传播。根据后文“Itriedtoforcemy‘practicalwisdom’onher.”可知，作者想把自己的想法强加给女儿，说明边界开始瓦解了。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的学校，学生每学期可以选三门选修课。A.shown展示；B.allowed允许；C.shared分享；D.awarded奖励。根据“threeelectives(选修课)eachterm”可知，学生被允许每学期选三门选修课。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在自己上学的时候讨厌体育课。A.band乐队；B.drama戏剧；C.PE体育；D.leadership领导力。根据后文“Youcan8band,yearbookandSpanish,

andyouwon’thavetotakePEever”可知，作者让女儿不要选体育课，由此推知，她自己很可能讨厌体育课。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们仔细阅读了选修课指南，我的担忧减少了。A.news新闻；B.textbook教科书；C.paper纸；D.guideline指南。结合常识和后文“myworrieswentdown”可知，选课时要阅读选课指南，对选课有了更多了解后作者的担忧也减少了。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“你可以报名参加乐队、年鉴和西班牙语课程，这样你就不用上体育课了，”我告诉她。A.signupfor报名参加；B.setup建立；C.makeuseof利用；D.concentrateon集中于。根据后文“youwon’thavetotakePEever”可知，作者在建议女儿要报什么课程和不报什么课程。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我靠在椅子上，如释重负。A.threat威胁；B.right权利；C.weight重量；D.doubt怀疑。根据前文“Myworrieswentdown”和“Youcan8band,yearbookandSpanish,andyouwon’thavetotakePEever”可知，作者为女儿作出了选择，没了担忧，感觉如释重负；aweighttakenoffone’sshoulders“如释重负”。故选C项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的女儿不同意。A.finally最后；B.therefore因此；C.still仍然；D.however然而。根据前文可知，作者已经帮女儿选好了课，结合后文“disagreed”和“ButI’mnotsureIwanttotakeSpanish.”可知，女儿不同意作者帮她选的课，前后文是转折关系。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但我不确定我是否想选西班牙语。而且我想上领导力课程……还想尝试戏剧课！”A.manage管理；B.review复习；C.introduce介绍；D.try尝试。根据上文“wanttotake”和“wanttodo”可知，女儿在表达她想选哪些课，她也想尝试戏剧。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，她还是选择冒险，报名了两门全年课程和一门随机提供的选修课。A.excellent优秀的；B.random随机的；C.difficult困难的；D.interesting有趣的。根据前文“whiletherest-drama,leadershipandPEwereofferedrandomly”可知，这里指随机提供的选修课。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到是我的女儿要上七年级，而不是我。A.realized意识到；B.wondered想知道；C.announced宣布；D.pretended假装。根据后文“itismydaughter’s14togointotheseventhgrade,notme”可推知，作者通过女儿的坚持意识到是女儿要上七年级，而不是自己。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到是我的女儿要上七年级，而不是我。A.turn轮到；B.way方法；C.pleasure快乐；D.effort努力。根据后文“notme”可知，轮到女儿上七年级了，而不是作者自己；“itisone’sturntodosth.”表示“轮到某人做某事”。故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：边界又清晰了。A.different不同的；B.disappearing消失的；C.clear清晰的；D.closed关闭的。根据前文“ ButasmydaughterandIsatdowntochoose3

fortheseventhgrade,Ifelttheboundariesbeginto4.Itriedtoforcemy“practicalwisdom”onher.”和“Isuddenly13

thatitismydaughter’s14

togointotheseventhgrade,notme.Sheisherownperson.”可知，作者最初替女儿选科，边界消失了，但最终意识到要尊重女儿的选择，边界又清晰起来了。故选C项。第二节选词填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据下列句子语境从所给词块中选择合适的填空，其中有两项为多余选项。注意，请在答题卡上把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在横线上直接写出该单词不得分。A.beaddictedtoB.applyforC.fallapartD.beawareofE.takepartinF.loseheartG.makeprogress36.Shedecidedto_________

ajobatanAIcompany.37.Ifyouputyourmindtoyourstudy,you’resureto_________.38.Manycountrieswill_________theprojectanddonatemoneytoprotecttheculturalheritageofareasalongtheriver.39.Youshould_________thefactthatdevelopinggoodstudyhabitswilldogoodtoyourhighschoollife.40.Asafreshmaninhighschool,it’simportantnotto_________whenfacedwithchallengingsubjectsordifficultexams.【答案】36.B37.G38.E39.D40.F【解析】【36题详解】考查短语。句意：她决定在一家人工智能公司申请一份工作。短语applyfor为“申请”之意。decidetodosth.决定做某事。结合句意，故选B。【37题详解】考查短语。句意：如果你专心学习，你一定会取得进步。短语makeprogress为“取得进步”之意。besuretodosth.一定会做某事。结合句意，故选G。【38题详解】考查短语。句意：许多国家将参