外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT3 Period4课件

Period4

Unit3

TheworldmeetsChina主题语境人与社会——物质与非物质文化遗产课时学案单元语法讲练(Usinglanguage)oaccount＝takeaccountof

把……考虑在内onaccountof 因为，由于onnoaccount 决不(置于句首时，句子要用

部分倒装)accountfor 解释，说明，(数量、比例上)占1．giveanaccountof描述[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Shedidverywellonthetestwhenyoutake____accounthowlittleshestudied．②Wehadtoputoffthesportsmeet___accountofthebadweather．③Howdoyouaccount___makingsomanymistakesinyourhomework?④他详细描述了在那个灾难性的夜晚他的财物被偷的经过。He_______________________hispossessionsstolenonthefatefulnight．intoonforgaveadetailedaccountof进行总结时用以引出自己的观点或理由的表达，常见的有：asawhole

总的来说ingeneral 通常，总的来说tosumup 总之，概括地说inshort 简言之，总之insummary 总之，概括起来inaword 总之，简言之inconclusion 总之，最后inbrief 简言之toconclude 最后，总之2．onthewhole基本上，大体上；总的来说[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①WhenIlookbackonmylife，whatstrikesmeisthatIhavebeen__awholeaveryluckyman，aboveall，luckyinmyfriends．②__short，changesinourlifeinthepasttwentyyearshavebroughtuscomfortandconvenience．③基本上，人们都渴望享受休闲时光的机会。____________，peopleareeagerfortheopportunitytoenjoyleisure．asInOnthewhole复习状语从句一、时间状语从句1．when，while和as引导时间状语从句(1)when从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生，从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。WhenIlivedthere，IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays．我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。(2)while从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking．别人工作时，请别高声谈话。(3)as从句的动作与主句动作交替进行或同时发生，可翻译为“随着；一边……一边……”。Hehurriedhome，lookingbehindashewent．他匆忙回家去，一边走一边回头望。Astimewenton，it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer．随着时间的推移，天越来越暖和了。2．before和since引导时间状语从句(1)before本意为“在……之前”，还可引申为“还未……就……，不到……就……；趁……；还没来得及……就……”。before引导时间状语从句的常用句型：①Itwas＋时间段＋before从句(一般过去时)过了多久才……②Itwillbe＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时)要过多久才……Hehadputthebrokenvaseawaybeforehismothercameback．他趁妈妈还没回来就把打碎的花瓶收拾好了。Itwassometimebeforewerealizedthetruth．过了一段时间我们才意识到真相。ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback．半年之后我才回来。(2)since意为“自从……以来”，主句用完成时。since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，常理解为某一状态的终止；若用延续性动词或状态动词，则理解为某一动作的开始。since引导时间状语从句的常用句型：Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since...自从……以来多久了HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIgotsick．自从我病了以后，他经常给我写信。Itisthreeyearssincehecametoourschool．他来我们学校已经三年了。3．till和until引导时间状语从句在肯定句中主句谓语动词应是延续性的，而在否定句中主句谓语动词应是非延续性的；till不可位于句首，而until则可以。Youmaystayheretill/untiltherainstops．你可以待在这里直到雨停。Iwon'tseehimtill/untilhisangerhascooleddown．等他怒气消了，我再去看他。Untilyoutoldme，Ihadnoideaofit．直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。[名师点津]

notuntil置于句首时主句要用部分倒装。Notuntilnineo'clockyesterdayeveningdidwefinishthework．直到昨晚九点，我们才完成这项工作。4．引导时间状语从句的名词词组一些表示时间的名词词组，如themoment/minute/instant，everytime，eachtime，thefirsttime，thelasttime，thenexttime，bythetime等可以起连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。EverytimeIwasintrouble，hewouldcometohelpme．每次我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。Bythetimewegotthere，therainhadstopped．等我们到达那儿时，雨已经停了。5．表示“一……就……”的名词词组和连词themoment/minute/instant等名词词组以及assoonas，immediately，directly，nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...等连词都可引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother．这个男孩一看到他妈妈就放声大哭。[名师点津]

nosooner...than...，hardly...when...结构中，nosooner与hardly置于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft．我们一到车站，火车就离站了。[即时训练1]单句语法填空/完成句子①_____theyheardthenews，theywereverysurprised．②___yougrowolder，you'llknowbetterandbetteraboutyourself．③MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloor___________Iwaspackingthemup．④___________hehadfinishedhishomework，hetookashortrest．⑤Motheraskedmetomakeawish______Iblewoutallthecandles．⑥Ihaveheardlotsofgoodthingsaboutyou_____Icamebackfromabroad．WhenAswhen/whileWhen/Afterbeforesince⑦Ididn'tbegintolikeourhouseparents

________somethinghappenedonenight．⑧___momentIsawher，Iknewtherewassomethingwrong．⑨我第一次见他时，他给我留下了好印象。Heleftmeagoodimpression_____________________．⑩他一到家就开始抱怨。Hardly______________________hebegantocomplain．until/tillThethefirsttimeImethimhadhecomehomewhen二、地点状语从句和条件状语从句1．地点状语从句where，wherever可引导地点状语从句。Wemustcampwherewecangetwater．我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。2．条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless，as/solongas，supposing(that)(倘若；如果)，provided/providing(that)(倘若；如果)，onconditionthat(条件是)，incase(万一)等。You'llfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard．除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。Wecanovercomethedifficultiesaslongasweareorganized．只要我们组织起来，我们就能克服困难。Youcanusethisroomsupposingthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy．如果你能保持房间干净整洁，你就可以用这间房子。[即时训练2]单句语法填空/完成句子①Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild，you'dbetterstay_____youareandwaitforhelp．②__wedon'tstopclimatechange，manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone．③Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinion______hewantstheirsupport．whereIfunless④_________________(provide)thathedoesn'tcome，whatshallwedo?⑤只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。One'slifehasvalue_______________________________________．⑥万一你需要帮助的话，这是我的电话号码。______________________，hereismytelephonenumber．Provided/ProvidingaslongasonebringsvaluetothelifeofothersIncaseyouneedmyhelp三、原因状语从句1．because/as/since/now(that)引导的原因状语从句because语气最强，表示直接的理由。可用来回答why引导的问句，可用于强调句型从句常放在主句后as语气较弱，较口语化，表示较明显的原因或已知的事实从句常放在主句前IwaslateforschoolbecauseImissedthefirstbus．我上学迟到是因为我错过了头班车。Ashewasinahurry，helefthisbaghome．由于他太匆忙才把包丢在了家里。since/now(that)语气较弱，所表示的原因为人们已知的事实。常译为“既然”常可互换，但now(that)可用来说明一种新情况，然后加以推理Since/Nowthattherainhasstopped，let'sgohomeatonce．既然雨已停了，我们马上回家吧。[名师点津]

for“因为”后跟句子时，不是从属连词而是并列连词，是用来说明、补充解释或表示一种推理，所以for跟从句时不能置于句首。Thedaybreaks，forthebirdsaresinging．天亮了，因为鸟儿都在叫了。2．seeing(that)(鉴于，由于)，considering(that)(考虑到)，inthat(因为)引导的原因状语从句Thebookisdifferentfromthatbookinthatthisoneisaboutchemistryandthatoneabouthistory．这本书不同于那本，因为这本是关于化学的，而那本是关于历史的。Theyhavemaderemarkableprogress，consideringthat

theyonlystartedlastweek．考虑到他们是上周才开始的，他们已经取得了相当大的进步。[即时训练3]单句语法填空/完成句子①Itwas_______hewaslateforclassthathewasscoldedbytheteacher．②Shewasfortunatein______shehadmanyfriendstohelpher．③因为我的英语口语很流利，我认为我适合这项工作。_______________________________，IthinkIamverysuitableforthisjob．④既然你有机会，就该充分利用。________________________________，youmightaswellmakefulluseofit．becausethatBecausemyspokenEnglishisfluentSince/Now(that)you'vegotachance四、目的状语从句和结果状语从句1．目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的常用从属连词有so(that)，inorderthat，forfear(that)，incase等。Myfatherbegantostudycomputerknowledgeattheageofsixtysothat/inorderthathemightkeepupwithtimes．我的父亲六十岁时开始学习电脑知识，以便跟上时代。Sometimeswearenotsatisfiedwithwhatourfrienddoes，butwewillnotpointitoutforfearthatwemightlosethatfriend．有时我们对朋友的所作所为并不满意，但我们不会指出来，唯恐失去那个朋友。2．结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的常用从属连词有so...that...，such...that...等。在非正式语体中，其中的that可以省略。(1)这类从句的具体结构：

Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthat(＝sohonestaworkerthat)weallbelieveinhim．迈克是一个很诚实的工人，我们都信任他。Itissuchgoodweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark．天气非常好，我们都想去公园。Theseweresuchdifficultquestionsthatnoneofuscouldanswerthem．这些问题很难，我们没人能回答。Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily．他挣这么少的钱养不起家。(2)为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。Socleverastudentwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultquestions．他是一个非常聪明的学生，能够解出所有的难题。[名师点津]除引导目的状语从句外，so(that)也可引导结果状语从句，并常有逗号和主句隔开。引导的目的状语从句中常有can，could，might，may等情态动词。试比较：Heturneduptheradio，sothateveryoneheardthesong．他把收音机的音量调高了，结果每个人都听到了那首歌。(结果状语从句)Heturneduptheradiosothateveryonecouldhearthesong．他把收音机的音量调高，目的是每个人都能听见那首歌。(目的状语从句)[即时训练4]单句语法填空/完成句子①Itwas____ahotdaythattheywantedtogoswimming．②Thewindwas__strongthathecouldhardlymoveforward．③Hehasmade____greatprogressthattheteachersarepleasedwithhim．④他伤得很重，不得不被送往医院。Sobadly________________hehadtobesenttothehospital．suchsosuchwasheinjuredthat⑤我们的老师讲得很慢，以便我们都能听懂。Ourteacherspokeslowly____________________________________________．⑥我们很早就朝车站出发了，唯恐错过火车。Wesetoffforthestationearly_______________________________．sothat/inorderthatallofuscouldunderstandhimforfearthatwewouldmissthetrain五、让步状语从句1．引导让步状语从句的连词有：although，though，while(尽管，虽然)，evenif/though，whether...or...，疑问词＋-ever与nomatter＋疑问词等。Although/Though/Whilehemaybetroubled，healwayspresentsacalmsmilingface．尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的微笑。Evenifitshouldraintomorrow，wewillcontinueourwork．即使明天下雨，我们也要继续工作。We'llgoonwiththework，whetherwecanfindthenecessarytoolsornot．不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作做下去。Whatever/Nomatterwhatyouwanttodo，pleaselookbeforeyouleap．不管你想做什么事，请三思而后行。2．as引导的让步状语从句需采用部分倒装，有时though引导的让步状语从句也采用部分倒装。Tryashemight，hecouldn'tsolvetheproblem．尽管他尝试了，但还是无法解决这个问题。Childasheis，heknowsalotofthehistoryofChina．虽然他只是个孩子，但他懂得许多中国历史方面的知识。(注意child前不用冠词)Youngthoughheis，heknowshowtodealwithsuchathing．他虽然年轻，但懂得如何处理这件事。[即时训练5]单句语法填空/完成句子①_____________________I'vetriedhard，noneofmybookshavebeenpublished．②Hard__________shetries，shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework．③无论遇到什么样的困难，他都要继续推行他的计划。___________________________________________，hewillcarryonhisplan．Although/Though/Whileas/thoughWhatever/Nomatterwhatdifficultieshemeetswith④即使我们会遇到困难，为实现梦想而吃苦也是值得的。Itisworthwhiletosufferforourdreams，____________________________________________．⑤清洁工不得不整天在街上工作，无论是阳光暴晒还是天降大雪。Cleanershavetoworkalldayonthestreet__________________________________________________．evenif/thoughwemayencounterdifficultieswhetherthesunshinesstronglyoritsnowsheavily六、比较状语从句和方式状语从句1．比较状语从句由as...as，notas/so...as，than引导。Sheisasgoodanactressassheisasinger．她当演员和当歌手一样出色。Nobodyunderstandthesituationbetterthanyou(do)．谁也不如你了解情况。2．方式状语从句通常由as，asif，asthough引导。TheydidasIhadasked．他们是按我的要求做的。Hebehavedasif/asthoughnothinghadhappened．他表现得若无其事。[即时训练6]完成句子①她不如她姐姐外向。Sheis____________________hersister．②你应该按照老师告诉你的去做。Youshoulddo_________________________．notso/asoutgoingasastheteachertellsyoutodo用适当的从属连词填空1．_____Iwasalittlegirl，myfamilymovedtoatinytownatthebottomofabigmountain．Onedayafterschool，2．_____Iwasexploringthegreenwoodsofthismagnificentmountain，Ialmostfellonasetofstairs．Whatcouldthesestepsleadto?Curiositygotthebestofme3．_____________Iknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoon．Istartedclimbingupthosestrangelymysterioussteps．Whenwhileevenif/thoughIclimbedandclimbed，4．_______________therewasnothingbutjustgreenbushesandthesesteps．Ihadtoreachthetop!However，itwasnowgettingreallydark．Mymumwouldbeworriedsick5．__Ididn'tcomehomesoon．Tiredandscared6．__________Iwas，Iranbackhomealmostinthedark．although/thoughifas/thoughIwassoanxious7．____IwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain．Couldtherebeacastleupthere?MaybeIwouldfindamonster8．_____therearegreenwoods．MaybeIwastakingtheriskofnevercomingbackhome．Or，maybeallIwouldfindwasabsolutelynothing!However，9．________Iwouldencounter，Iwasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcost．Anditwasnotalongtime10．______Itriedthisadventureagain．thatwherewhateverbefore①befamiliarto为……所熟悉befamiliarwithsth．通晓……，熟悉……②Sinologistn．汉学家-ist后缀是名词性后缀，主要用于表示信仰者、专家、从事某种活动的人或具有某种特征或性质的物品。如dentist指的是牙医，artist指的是艺术家。课下预习第二篇课文(Developingideas)③translatorn．翻译，译员translatev．翻译translationn．翻译④fallinlovewith爱上fallintoruin(因无人照料而)衰落，败落⑤beamazedby对……感到惊讶beamazedtosee/find/learn/discover惊讶地发现……⑥tunen．曲调，旋律themetune主题曲⑦inspirev．激励，鼓舞；赋予灵感inspirationn．灵感inspiringadj．鼓舞人心的；激励的；启发灵感的⑧academicmajor学术专业majorv．主修

n．专业；主修生

adj．主要的；重要的⑨prioradj．先前的；较早的priorto在……之前，先于……priorityn．优先事项；最重要的事；首要事情atoppriority当务之急⑩beexposedto接触；暴露于；面临⑪encountern．相遇，邂逅achanceencounter偶然相遇encountersb．/sth．偶然碰到或意外地遇见某人或某物⑫geniusn．天才，天赋⑬haveaprofoundeffecton...对……有深远的影响profoundadj．

巨大的；深切的；深远的；知识渊博的；理解深刻的；深邃的⑭passionn．热情；激情passionateadj．

热诚的；狂热的passionatelyadv．

热诚地；狂热地⑮stimulatingadj．激励人心的；

趣味盎然的stimulatev．促进；激发；激励⑯particularlyadv．尤其，特别particularadj．不寻常的；格外的；特别的inparticular尤其；特别beparticularaboutsth．对……挑剔⑰bedeterminedtodo...决心做……⑱o...把……翻译成……⑲respectedadj．受人尊敬的respectn．&v．尊敬respectableadj．可敬的⑳inaddition除……以外(还)㉑gowith伴随；与……相伴而生㉒keepacloseeyeon密切关注㉓best-seller畅销品；畅销书㉔publishv．出版publishern．出版人(或机构)publishingn．出版(业)，发行(业)㉕onthewhole从整体上说㉖limitedadj．有限的㉗significancen．意义，重要性significantadj．重要的㉘behighlythoughtof被高度赞扬㉙reflectv．反映㉚becloselyconnected联系密切㉛have...incommon有相同之处㉜strikeachord引起共鸣；打动心弦READINGCHINATheworldofChineseliteratureisonethatisfamiliarto①usall．ButhaveyoueverstoppedtowonderwhatworksarereadoutsideofChinaandhowtheyarereceived?Today，fourSinologists②andtranslators③sharetheirexperienceofChineseliteraturewithus．Theyare：Petko，aged43fromBulgariaAnnelous，aged34fromtheNetherlandsJoachim，aged25fromFranceMai，aged28fromEgyptQ1：HowdidyougetinterestedinChineseliterature?Petko：[1]ItallstartedwithamovieIwatchedwhenIwasaboy—The

Shaolin

Temple．Thatmoviegavemesomanyreasonstofallinlovewith④China．Iwasamazedby⑤Chinesekungfu，ofcourse—everyoneloveskungfu，don'tthey?IalsothoughttheChineselanguagesoundedsobeautiful，andIfoundthatIlikedChinesemusic，too—Ijustlovedthemovie'sthemetune⑥，

Song

of

the

Shepherd．[1]本句为复合句，Iwatched为省略了that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词amovie；whenIwasaboy为时间状语从句。Annelous：Ibecameinterestedinlanguagesatayoungage．WhenIstartedhighschool，IbeganreadingbooksaboutChinesehistoryandculture，andthisinspired⑦metochooseChineseStudiesasmyacademicmajor⑧atuniversity．Joachim：WhenIwas15yearsold，mymotherboughtmeacopyoftheclassicShi

Ji，orRecords

of

the

Grand

Historian．Prior⑨tothat，theonlygreathistoricalworksIhadbeenexposedto⑩wereHomer'sepicpoems．Records

of

the

Grand

Historianwasmyfirstencounter⑪withChineseclassicalliterature．Afterreadingit，Irealisedthetruegenius⑫ofChina's“GrandHistorian”，

SimaQian．Hiswritinghadaprofoundeffecton⑬me，andIhavethistothankformypassion⑭

forChineseliterature．Mai：IgraduallyfellinlovewithChineseliteraturewhenIstartedworkingasatranslator．MostofthetranslatedworksofliteratureinEgyptarefromtheEnglish-speakingworld，soreadingChineseliteraturewasastimulating⑮andinspiringexperience．Q2：Howdoyouselectworkstotranslate?Petko：Iparticularly⑯likeclassicalChineseliterature，especiallyworksfromtheMingandQingdynasties．[2]IfellinlovewithDream

of

the

Red

ChamberthefirsttimeIreadit，andwasdeterminedto⑰translateitinto⑱Bulgarian．[3]Nowthatthisdreamhascometrue，mynextgoalistotranslateThe

Romance

of

the

Three

Kingdoms．[2]本句为复合句，thefirsttime引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……”。[3]本句为复合句，nowthat引导原因状语从句，意为“由于，因为，既然”。Annelous：[4]IntheNetherlands，thedecisionastowhichworksofChineseliteraturegettranslatedislargelyinfluencedbytheopinionsofrespected⑲Sinologists．

Inaddition⑳，publishinghousestendtolooktoothercountriestoseewhichChineseworkshavesoldwellthere．I'vesofartranslatedthewritingsofseveralyoungChineseauthors，andI'mlookingforwardtotheirnewworks．[4]本句为复合句，whichworksofChineseliteraturegettranslated为which引导的名词性从句，作asto的宾语。Joachim：Ijustgowith㉑whatIlikeandwhatIaminterestedin．I'vetranslatedsomepoemsbyDaiWangshu．Rightnow，I'mdoingresearchintopopularliteratureinShanghaiatthestartofthe20thcentury．Mai:Idon'tcareifawriterispopularornot．Whatinterestsmemostistheworkitself．I'vetranslatedsomeworksbyauthorssuchasXiMurongandBiShumin．Ialsokeepacloseeyeon㉒what'sbeingself-publishedonlinebynew，youngauthors—theyhavesomegoodideas．Q3：WhichworksbyChinesewritersarepopularinyourcountry？Petko:Thirty-six

Stratagemshassoldmorethan1，000copiesinBulgaria．[5]Whenyouconsiderthatherethebestawritercanusuallyhopeforistosellafewhundredcopiesoftheirwork，Thirty-six

Stratagemsisabest-seller㉓inBulgaria![5]本句为复合句，when引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句；awritercanusuallyhopefor为省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词thebest；tosellafewhundredcopiesoftheirwork为动词不定式短语作表语。Annelous：[6]EachyearseesmoreworksbyChinesewriterspublished㉔intheNetherlands，andtheyarewell-received．ThepeoplethatbuyandreadthesebooksdosobecausetheywanttolearnmoreaboutChinesecultureandeverydaylifeinChina．Onthewhole㉕，Idohavetoadmitthathere，people'sknowledgeofChineselitera