英语高考创新备考讲义必修一Module5

Ⅰ.重点单词—识记·联想·运用[会书写]一、核心单词1.substancen.物质2.stagen.阶段；时期3.ordinaryadj.普通的；平常的4.formvi.形成5.facilityn.(常作复数)设备；工具6.departmentn.(大学的)科、系二、阅读单词1.liquidn.液体2.oxygenn.氧气3.partialadj.部分的；局部的4.boilvt.煮；煮沸5.steamn.蒸汽；水气6.floatvi.漂浮7.dissolvevi.溶解；分解；分离8.flamen.火焰三、拓展单词1.astonishedadj.吃惊的；惊愕的→astonishingadj.令人吃惊的→astonishvt.使吃惊→astonishmentn.惊奇2.aimn.目标；目的→aimlessadj.无目标的3.expandvi.膨胀→expansionn.膨胀；扩大→(反义词)contractvi.收缩4.lecturen.演讲→lecturern.演讲者5.mixturen.混合物→mixv.(使)混合6.electricityn.电→electricadj.电的；用电的→electricaladj.与电有关的；电气化的→electronicadj.电子的7.conclusionn.结论→concludevt.得出结论8.reactvi.(化学)反应→reactionn.反应9.balancen.天平；平衡→balancedadj.平衡的10.equipmentn.设备；装备→equipvt.装备；配备[会积累]1.来“电”直播①electricityn.电，电流②electricadj.电的，电动的③electricaladj.有关电的④electronicadj.电子的⑤electricsn.电路⑥electriciann.电工，电学家2.－ure结尾高频名词小结①pressure压力②pleasure乐事；快乐③exposure暴露；揭发④failure失败⑤mixture混合物⑥signature签名3.“扩展”动词全接触①expand扩展；扩张②enlarge扩大③spread扩展；蔓延④prolong延长⑤extend延伸；延续4.由liquid想到的①fluidn.流体②solidn.固体③gasn.气体；燃气④steamn.水蒸气⑤semiliquidn.半流体[会应用]用所给词的适当形式填空1.Ourchemistryteachermixedsomeliquidsintothewaterandthemixturetastedveryterrible.(mix)2.Theschoolhasbeenrebuiltanditiswellequipped.Muchmoneyhasbeenspentontheofficeequipment.(equip)3.Moreandmorepeoplehaveetobeawareofthefactthattheyshouldhaveabalanced(balance)dietandgivethemselvesroomintheirdailylifefornecessaryexercise.4.Ifyouplaywithelectricity,__youmaygetanelectricshock.(electrical)5.Inmyopinion,eachofusshouldhaveanaimofourown.Butsomeofusleadanaimlesslifeeveryday.(aim)6.Theconclusion(conclude),Ithink,hedrewfromhissimpleexperimentisnotscientific.7.Thischemicalclassisaboutthereactionofmetalswithoxygenandourteachershowsushowironreactswithairandwater.(react)8.Toourastonishment,__thefamousstardied.That’stosay,wewereastonishedatthenewsofhersuddendeath,anditwasreallyastonishing.(astonish)Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用[会书写]1.keep__out__of使不进入；避开(某事)2.add...to...往……加入……3.react__with与……起反应4.put...in__order把……按顺序排列5.used__to过去(常常)……6.be__proud__of为……感到骄傲/自豪7.atthetop/bottom在顶/底部8.findout发现；查清9.goahead请做；进行；发生10.intheareaof在……领域11.besupposedto应当；理应[会积累]1.order相关短语大全①put...inorder把……按顺序排列②inorder按顺序③ingoodorder秩序井然④inorderof按……顺序⑤outoforder无序的2.“荣耀”家族①takepridein为……感到骄傲/自豪②beproudtodosth因做……而自豪③beproudof为……感到骄傲/自豪[会应用]选用上表左栏短语填空1.Sarahfeltlikecryingwhenshefound__outthatshehadbeenchattingonlinewithaboystudentofhersameclass.2.WhenIwaslittle,mymotherused__tositbymybed,tellingmestoriestillIfellasleep.3paredwiththeescapeddriver,Iam__proud__ofwhatIdid.4.Weare__supposed__topreventthefactoryfrompouringwastewaterintorivers.5.Themotheroftentellshersontobeagoodboy,warninghimtokeep__out__oftrouble.6.WeChineseareproudofthegreatsuccessin__the__area__ofscienceandtechnology.Ⅲ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写句型公式1：“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”结构，意为“越……，就越……”。[教材原句]Thecloseryouare,themoreyou’llsee.你离得越近，看到的就越多。[句型仿写]The__moreyoupracticesomething,the__betteratityouwillbee.你练得越多，你就会越擅长它。句型公式2：Itis＋形容词/名词＋不定式，it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。[教材原句]Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。[句型仿写]Ifyouareunsurewhattodo,it__is__wise__to__rememberthesaying“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”(2018·北京东城一模·满分作文)如果你不确定做什么，明智的做法是记住这个谚语：入乡随俗。句型公式3：here置于句首且句中主语是名词时，用倒装语序。[教材原句]Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop,andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.下面是一个表格，列于顶部的金属反应最强烈，底部的则最弱。[句型仿写]Quick,here__es__the__bus.Haveyougottherightmoney?快，公交车来了。准备好钱了吗？Ⅳ.语段改错—回顾·修正·热诵根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Differentmetalshavedifferentuses.Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowwhattheyreactwithdifferentsubstances.Thereactionofmetalswiththesesubstancecanbeputinorder.Belowisdescriptionofasimplescientificexperiment.Thefirstlystepisthatweputsomeironnailsatthebottomofatesttubeandpushsomecottonwooldownthetube.Afteroneweek,thenailshavenotrust.Sowecandrewaconclusionthatirondoesnotrustindryair.Thesecondstepisthatwehalf－fillatesttubewithwaterandboilthewaterforthreeminutestomakesureofthatthereisnoairinthewater.Leavethetubeforoneweekoryouwillfindthenailsdonotrustinair－freewater.Sowecandrawaconclusionthatirondoesnotrustinair－freewater.Thethirdstepisthatwehalf－fillatesttubewithwaterandleavethetubesforoneweekuntilwefindthenailsrustinordinarywater.Soourconclusionisthatironrustinordinarywater.答案Differentmetalshavedifferentuses.Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknoweq\f(what,how)theyreactwithdifferentsubstances.Thereactionofmetalswiththeseeq\f(substance,substances)canbeputinorder.Belowisdescriptionofasimplescientificexperiment.Theeq\f(firstly,first)stepisthatweputsomeironnailsatthebottomofatesttubeandpushsomecottonwooldownthetube.Afteroneweek,thenailshavenoteq\f(rust,rusted).Sowecaneq\f(drew,draw)aconclusionthatirondoesnotrustindryair.Thesecondstepisthatwehalf－fillatesttubewithwaterandboilthewaterforthreeminutestomakesureeq\a\vs4\al(of)thatthereisnoairinthewater.Leavethetubeforoneweekeq\f(or,and)youwillfindthenailsdonotrustinair－freewater.Sowecandrawaconclusionthatirondoesnotrustinair－freewater.Thethirdstepisthatwehalf－fillatesttubewithwaterandleavetheeq\f(tubes,tube)foroneweekuntilwefindthenailsrustinordinarywater.Soourconclusionisthatironeq\f(rust,rusts)inordinarywater.[核心词汇]1.conclusionn.结论；结束(1)draw/eto/arriveat/reachaconclusion得出结论makeaconclusion下结论inconclusion＝toconclude总之；最后(2)concludev.得出结论；总结；结束conclude...with...以……结束……concludethat...结论是……①Fromthesefactswecandrawsomeconclusions(conclude)abouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.从这些事实我们可以得出一些关于金字塔是如何建造的结论。②In__conclusion,__weareveryproudofourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.(2016·北京卷·书面表达)总之，我们以自己为骄傲，并且坚信我们可以为一个更美好的世界做更多的事。③Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,makesuretoconclude__it__withimportantpoints.小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要用几条要点作为结束。2.aimn.目标；目的(可数名词)；瞄准，对准(不可数名词)v.瞄准，对准；目标在于；以……为目标(1)takeaimat...瞄准……；对准……withtheaimof...目的是……(2)aimat/beaimedat(doing)sth瞄准；旨在(做)某事aimtodosth目标是做某事(3)aimlessadj.无目标的aimlesslyadv.无目标地①Thistripaimsto__give(give)thekidsthereatasteofAmericanculture.(2018·北京西城模拟·满分作文)这次旅行的目的是让那里的孩子体味美国文化。②Theywillstarttheirproject,aiming(aim)athelpingthepoorchildrentobeeducatedinthewestofChina.他们要开始他们的计划，目的是帮助中国西部的贫穷孩子接受教育。③Neithershouldweembraceonlinevotingaimlessly(aim)norcanwedenyitpletely.(2016·江苏卷·书面表达)我们既不该无目的地信奉网上投票，也不能完全否定它。3.balancen.天平；平衡；剩余；余额v.(使)平衡；权衡(1)thebalanceofnature自然平衡keep/lose/breakthebalance保持/失去/打破平衡(2)balance...against...把……与……进行权衡(3)balancedadj.平衡的keepabalanceddiet保持饮食均衡①Howimportantandnecessaryforustokeep__the__balance__of__natureandprotecttheenvironment!对我们来说，维持生态平衡、保护环境是多么重要和必要啊！②Youhavetobalancetheadvantagesoflivinginabigcityagainstthedisadvantages.你必须权衡住在大城市的利与弊。③Itissaidthatsomewillgetfatiftheydon’thavebreakfast,becausethedietisnotbalanced(balance).(2018·南京模拟·满分作文)据说如果一些人不吃早饭他们就会发胖，因为饮食不平衡。4.reactvi.(化学)反应；发生作用(1)reactto对……做出反应reactwith与……起(化学)反应reactagainst反对；反抗；反叛(2)reactionn.反应inreactionto对……的反应①Whenweusemetals,itisimportanttoknowhowtheyreactwithdifferentsubstances,forexample,waterandoxygen.(教材原句)当我们使用金属时，懂得它们与其他物质比如水和氧气怎样发生反应，这是很重要的。②Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.孩子们通常以违背父母意愿的方式来反抗他们。③Thisproducedachainreaction(react),whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。5.usedto过去(常常)……thereusedtobe...过去常常有……be/getusedto(doing)sth习惯(做)某事beusedtodosth被用来做某事①Heusedto__stay(stay)uplate,butnowheisusedtogoing(go)tobedearly.他以前总是熬夜到很晚，但是现在已经习惯早睡了。②Thefollowingsimpleexperimentisusedto__separate(separate)differentliquids.下面这个简单的实验被用来分离不同的液体。[名师指津]usedto的否定形式有两种：usednotto和didn’tuseto。6.besupposedto应当；理应(1)besupposedtodosth应该/理应做某事besupposedtobedoingsth应当/理应正在做某事besupposedtohavedonesth本应该做某事(实际未做)(2)supposing/suppose(that)假定/假如……(3)Isupposeso/not.我认为是/不是这样。①I’mgoingtotrytogotoeitherMontrealorOttawaUniversity,asbothare__supposed__to__havegoodPhysicsDepartments.(教材原句)我打算上蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为这两所大学应该都有很好的物理系。②Thebuswassupposedtoarrivehalfanhourago.→Thebusissupposedtohave__arrived(arrive)halfanhourago.公交车本来应该在半小时之前到达的。③Supposing/Suppose(suppose)thatyouarewrong,whatwillyoudothen?假设你错了，你会怎么办？[名师指津]表示“本来应该做某事(但未去做)”的结构还有：shouldhavedonesth,oughttohavedonesth等。7.add...to...往……加入……(1)addto增加；增添addup把……加起来addupto合计达add(that)...补充说……(2)additionn.加；(数)加法；增加inaddition另外inadditionto除……之外①Thedictionaryisoutofdate:manywordshave__been__added(add)tothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.(2016·天津卷·单选)这部词典过时了：自从它出版以来，这门语言已增添了许多单词。②Perhapsyouthinkyoucouldeasilyadd__toyourhappinesswithmoremoney.或许你认为能很容易用更多的钱来增加幸福感。③In__addition__togivingageneralintroductiontoputers，thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience.课程除了大致介绍电脑知识外，还提供实际操作经验。[重点句型]1.The__closeryouare,the__moreyou’llsee.你离得越近，看到的就越多。“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”结构的具体用法如下：(1)意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示后面一方随前面一方程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句。(3)本结构可以用省略形式。①Clevermenknowthatthe__moreefforttheymake,the__biggerchancetheywillhavetobesuccessful.(2018·汕头模拟·满分作文)聪明的人知道他们越努力，取得成功的机会就越大。②Themore__difficult(difficult)thequestionsare,thelesslikelyheisabletoanswerthem.问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。③Thesooner，the__better.越快越好。2.It__is__hard__to__thinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很难想象一个没有金属的世界。(1)本句属于“Itis＋形容词/名词＋不定式”句式。其中it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语。(2)该句型中的不定式前可加逻辑主语for/ofsb。①Itis＋adj.＋forsbtodosth句式中，作表语的形容词说明不定式行为的性质和特点，常见的有easy，important，difficult，possible，necessary等。②Itis＋adj.＋ofsbtodosth句式中，作表语的形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格等，常见的有kind，nice，good，stupid，silly，careful，careless等。①Whenitestoadaptation,it__is__important__to__understandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.(2017·江苏卷)就适应而论，重要是理解气候变化是一个过程。②Itisimpossibleforthiscountrytorecoverinashorttimeoverthisfinancialcrisis.经历了这次经济危机，这个国家短期内恢复正常是不可能的。③It’s__really__a__pity__to__miss(miss)suchagoodchance.错过这样一个好机会真令人遗憾。[当堂达标]Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Thefirestartedinthebasementandquicklyspreadtothefirstfloorwhereitdestroyedallthefurnitureandequipment(设备)inthelanguagelab.2.Now,inourcountryfreemedicaltreatmentcoverssicknessofmindaswellasordinary(普通的)sickness.3.Havingfinishedhislecture(演讲),theteacheraskedwhetheranyonewishedtoaskaquestion.4.AsfarasIknow,thisisatypeofmusicpopularinthe1950s,amixture(混合物)ofjazzandfolkmusic.5.Badhabits,onceformed(形成),aredifficult,andsometimesimpossibletoshakeoff.6.Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity(电),butitmaybesometimebeforethesituationimproves.7.Sheworkedasaclerkinagovernmentdepartment(部门)aftergraduatingfromcollege.8.IamreallyabitworriedbecauseIhavenoideawhatmyparents’reaction(反应)willbetomypoorexaminationresult.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Whileyoucan’tcontrolhowotherswillreacttoyourembarrassingmoment，youcancontrolhowyouwillreact.2.AsfarasIamconcerned，thegovernmentissupposedto__take(take)effectivemeasurestopreventthehazefromgettingworse.3.Weallknowthatabalanced(balance)dietisofgreatimportancetoourhealth.4.Herastonished(astonish)expressionsuggestedthatshehadn’texpectedthatresult.5.Itwascarelessofhimto__leave(leave)hisumbrellainthestore.6.TheTowerofLondonisthreetimestheheight(high)oftheChurchtower.7.OvertheyearsI’veetotheconclusion(conclude)thatshe’saverygreatmusician.8.Somewerecollectingfirewood,whileotherswerejustaimlessly(aimless)walkingorstandingbytheroad.9.Theblackbabyboyisatthestagewherehecanonlysayafewsimplewordsbutnotyetfullsentences.10.Ms.Li’sbusinessexpanded(expand)veryquickly.Sheopenedherfirststoretwoyearsago;nowshehasfiftystoresalloverthecountry.Ⅲ.单句改错1.Johnusedtovisitinghisparentsonceaweekwhenheworkedinthecity.visiting→visit__2.Fireworksaddeduptotheattractionofthefestivalnight.去掉up3.Thedoctorthoughtthatwouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.that→it4.Themuchapersonreads,thewiserhewillbee.much→more5.Onethirdofthecountryarecoveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensareblackpeople.第一个are→isⅣ.一句多译/句型转换1.他们带着成为团队里面第一名的目标出发了。(aim)①Theysetoutwith__the__aim__ofbeingnumberoneintheleague.②Theysetoutaiming/aimed__atbeingnumberoneintheleague.③Theysetoutaiming__tobeenumberoneintheleague.2.Ifyoupractisemore,youwillbeemoreskillful.→Themoreyoupractise,themoreskillfulyouwillbee.3.Youareverykindtoreservearoomforme.→Itisverykindofyoutoreservearoomforme.[课下作业]Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018·河南六市联考)TheLeaningTowerofPisawasasstraightasapolewhentheconstructionstartedin1173.Itbegantoshiftdirectionsoonafterconstructionbecauseofpoorfoundationinadditiontothelooselayerofsubsoil(底土).Atthebeginning，itleanedtothesoutheastbeforetheshakyfoundationstartedtoshiftleaningtowardsthesouthwest.Aftertheperiodofstructuralstrengtheningatthebeginningofthe21stcentury,nowtheLeaningTowerofPisaleansatanangleof3.97degrees.In1178,theshiftindirectionwasobservedforthefirsttimewhentheconstructionhadprogressedfurthertothethirdfloor.Thetowerwasheavyforthethree－meterfoundationthatwasbuiltonaweakareaofland.Forpensating(平衡)theleaningposition，thebuildersstartedtoconstructtheupperfloorswithonesidehigherthantheotherone.Thiscausedthetowertoleanintheotherdirection.Thisunusualstructureledtothetowerbeingactuallycurved.Inspiteoftheseefforts，thetowerkeptonleaning.ThegovernmentofItalystartedtoplanpreventionofthepletecollapseofthetowerin1964.However，arequestwasputforwardbytheauthoritiestokeeptheleaningpositionbecauseofthetourismindustryoftheregion.Afternearlytwodecadesofcarefulplanningbyengineers，historiansandmathematicians,thestablizationeffortsfortheLeaningTowerofPisastartedin1990.Thetowerwasclosedforthegeneralpublicandthepeoplelivingnearbymovedaway.Forreducingthetotalweightofthetower，itssevenbellswhichrepresentedthesevenmusicalnoteswereremoved.ThetowerwasreopenedforthegeneralpubliconDecember15，2001.InMay2008,afterremovinganother70metrictonsofearth，theengineersannouncedthatthetowerhadbeenfinallystabilizedanditwouldremainstableforatleast200years.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以时间为顺序介绍了比萨斜塔倾斜的原因以及相关人员对此做出的应对措施。1.WhydidtheLeaningTowerofPisabegintolean?A.Itwastoohighlikeapole.B.Itsfoundationwasfarfromstrong.C.Theworkofrepairwasdelayed.D.Itsfoundationshookbadly.答案B[细节理解题。由第一段第二句Itbegantoshiftdirection...thelooselayerofsubsoil.可知，是因为地基不牢固及底土层松软。故选B。]2.WhendidpeoplenoticetheLeaningTowerofPisashiftitsdirection?A.Assoonasitwasconstructed.B.Attheendoftheconstruction.C.Soonaftertheconstruction.D.Inthecourseoftheconstruction.答案D[细节理解题。由第二段第一句In1178...tothethirdfloor.可知，是在修建到第三层的时候发现的。故选D。]3.WhydidtheauthoritiesprefertokeeptheleaningpositionoftheLeaningTowerofPisa?A.Theywantedtoattractmoretourists.B.Theylackedfundsthen.C.Itwasamissionimpossibletomakethetowerup－straight.D.Theywereshortofengineers,historiansandmathematicians.答案A[细节理解题。由第四段第二句However，arequestwas...theregion.可知，此举是出于对发展当地旅游业的考虑。故选A。]4.Whichofthefollowingistherightorderaccordingtothispassage?a.Peoplenoticedthetowerbegantoshiftitsdirection.b.TheLeaningTowerofPisawasrepairedforthefirsttime.c.TheLeaningTowerofPisawasbuilt.d.Thetowerwasopenedtothevisitorsagain.A.c，d，a，b B.a，d，c，bC.c，a，b，d D.d，b，c，a答案C[细节排序题。通读全文可知，1173年开始修建比萨斜塔(c)，1178年人们注意到比萨斜塔开始倾斜(a)，1990年人们开始对比萨斜塔进行维修(b)，2001年比萨斜塔再次对公众开放(d)。故选C。]Ⅱ.七选五(2018·湖北八校联考)Whenitestorumorsandgossip,everyonecanbefairgame.__1__Andthensuddenly,itcanpossiblybeyourturntobethetarget.So,howcanyoudealwithitinawaythatwon’tmakethesituationworse?Trytounderstandwhereit’singfrom,andwhyIfyoucan,figureoutwhostartedtherumor.Istherumormeanttohurtyou，orisitjustacaseofmisinformation?Issomeonetryingtogetbackatyouforsomething？__2__Therefore,youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofhowtodealwithit.__3__Identifysomeonewhodidn’tstarttherumorandgethimorheronyourside.Askthispersontostickupforyou,andtellothersinthegroupthattherumorisnottrue，andmostimportantly,veryhurtful.LowerthechancesthatitwillhappenagainFirst,becarefulwithyoursecrets.Second,usethebuddysystem.Ithelpstohaveabestfriendwhoyoucantrusttobeonyoursideandwatchyourbackwhenyouneed.__4__Lastly,doontoothersasyouwouldhavethemdoontoyou.__5__Whenyoukeepyourgossiptoyourself，itisnoteasyforyoutobeaprimetargetforsomebodyseekingtogeteven.A.Don’tspreadrumorsaboutotherpeople，butexplodewithangerwhentheyareaboutyou.B.Dothesameforhimorhertomakesureyourfriendstaysloyal.C.Keepcalmwhenyouaregossipedabout.D.Atonemoment,thebigrumorcanseemtobeaboutsomeoneelse.E.Getsomeoneinthemiddletomakeastand.F.Ifyouhavebeenthevictimofgossipandrumors,youmightwanttogo“aneyeforaneye”.G.Itisimportanttogetthisinformationbeforeyoureacttotherumor.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就应对流言蜚语提出了几点建议。1.D[根据空格前一句“Whenitestorumorsandgossip，everyonecanbefairgame.”和下一句“Andthensuddenly，itcanpossiblybeyourturntobethetarget.”可知，某天你可能会突然成为流言蜚语的对象。D项“有时，流言蜚语似乎与别人有关”承上启下，符合语境。故D项正确。]2.G[根据空格下一句“Therefore，youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofhowtodealwithit.”可知，这样你就会更清楚该如何处理。G项“在你对谣言作出反应之前，符合语境。故G项正确。]3.E[根据空格所在的位置可知，空处为该段标题；通读该段内容可知，该段主要陈述了解决流言第二个方法：寻求中间人的支持。E项符合该段主旨，适合做该段标题。故E项正确。]4.B[根据空格前一句“Ithelpstohaveabestfriendwhoyoucantrusttobeonyoursideandwatchyourbackwhenyouneed.”可知，交到一个信任你、支持你的朋友很重要。B项“给他同样的支持和信任能让你的朋友保持忠诚”与上文紧密衔接，符合语境。故B项正确。]5.A[根据空格前一句“Lastly，doontoothersasyouwouldhavethemdoontoyou.”可知，其他人针对你时，你应该勇于回击。A项“不要传播其他人的谣言，但是当谣言针对你时，你应该勃然大怒”是对前一句的具体举例说明，符合语境。故A项正确。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·湖南六校联考)“Iwon’tstoplearningnewthings__1__Idie，”105－year－oldZhaoMuhetolddomesticmedia.Hegothisfirstbachelor’sandmaster’sdegreesinhis__2__，andisnowworkingonhisPhD.Hetraveledtheworldafter__3__andlearnttousetheInternet.Zhao,borninShandongin1912,moved__4__Taiwanat39,andfoundanon－teachingjobatNationalKaohsiungNormalUniversity.Almost30yearslater,heretiredfromtheuniversity.That’s__5__thetimeforpeopletobeginapeacefulbutboringpensioner’slife，__6__withfriendsandlookingaftergrandchildren.__7__thatwasnotforZhao.Hedecidedtogoto__8__university,thistimetostudy.Zhao__9__theNationalOpenUniversityinTaiwanin1999.Hewenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,never__10__asingleclass.Hestudied__11__intothenight,anditonlytookhimfouryearstofinishthe128academic__12__requiredtograduatewithanartsdegree,whichhedidattheageof91.Severalyearslater,Zhaodecidedto__13__hisstudies.HepassedtheentranceexaminationforNanhuaUniversityinTaiwanandgota__14__inphilosophytwoyearslater.HeisnowattendingclassesatNationalTsingHuaUniversityinTaiwan__15__hepreparestoearnadoctoratedegree.Hethinksit’s__16__toolatetolearn.__17__studying,healsofulfilledhisdreamoftouringtheworld.Nowheislearningtousea__18__.“Internetisnouseforadyingmanlike__19__，bro，”hisfellowpensionersaidhumorouslytohim.“ButI’mstill__20__.”herepliedwithlaughter.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了ZhaoMuhe老人退休后继续求学，取得了学士、硕士学位的故事。1.A.because B.ifC.unless D.when答案C[联系下文可知，老人痴迷于学习，活到老学到老；由此可推知，此处指老人说他不会停止学习，除非他去世。C项意为“除非”，符合语境。故选C。]2.A.eighties B.twentiesC.thirties D.nineties答案D[根据第四段最后一句中的“graduatewithanartsdegree，whichhedidattheageof91”及下文内容可