课件英语选择性必修一Unit2Usinglanguage

Unit2OnwardsandupwardsBYMICHELLEUsinglanguage-ingandto-infinitiveasobjectLookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.0,000peoplereadingmyblog!bIlovetophotographtherisingsun,…a.J.D.Salingerstartedwritingshortstoriesinhighschool,...b.J.D.Salingerstartedtowriteshortstoriesinhighschool,...Q1.Dosentences(a)and(b)havethesamemeaning?Yes,theydo.

0,000peoplereadingmyblog!bIlovetophotographtherisingsun,…c.Nevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstoptrying.d.Nevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstoptotry.Q2.Dosentences(c)and(d)havethesamemeaning?No,theydon’t.Activity10,000peoplereadingmyblog!bIlovetophotographtherisingsun,…e.Thesearethewordsthateverywriterdreadsreceiving,...Q3.Can“receiving”insentence(e)bechangedinto“toreceive”?No,itcan’t.NowLookformoresentenceswiththesestructuresinthereadingpassage,andsummarisetheirusesinyourownwords.1.Keeptryingandeventuallyyouwillreadthewords“We'redelightedtoinformyou...”2....threesistersfromVictorianEnglandwhodreamtofseeingtheirwordsinprint.3.However,thiswasatimewhenwomenwerenotencouragedtobecomewriter.4....butlaterstruggledtogethisworkspublished.5...becameanimmediatebest-sellerandwentontosellmillionsandmillionsofcopies.“trying”cannotbereplacedby“totry””Seeing”cannotbereplacedby“tosee”“tobecome”cannotbereplacedby“becoming”“toget”cannotbereplacedby“getting”“tosell”cannotbereplacedby“selling”Inwhatsituationisaverbfollowedby

the-ingformasobject,andinwhichsituationisaverbfollowedbytoinfinitive

asobject?-ingasobject-ingform

是由动词变化而来，它一方面保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的某些变化形式，用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念，另一方面它在句子里的用法及功能与名词类同：在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。-ingform的否定形式在前面之间加not,即not-ingform。Theyrunintoconstantdiscriminationintryingtofindajoborfriend.在寻找工作和结交朋友方面，他们不断地受到歧视。Livingindigsmeanshavingoneroominsomeone’shouse.寄居的意思是在别人的家里借住一间房间。-ingform作宾语的用法一在某些动词后作宾语（这些动词后不能接toinfinitive)acknowledge承认

admit承认

advise建议

advocate倡议

allow允许appreciate欣赏

avoid避免

consider考虑

delay推迟

deny否认enjoy喜欢

escape逃避

excuse原谅

fancy想象

feellike想要finish完成

forgive原谅

can‘thelp禁不住

hinder阻碍

imagine想象involves涉及

keep保持

mean意思是

mind介意

miss错过pardon原谅

postpone推迟

practice练习

prevent阻止

recall回忆report报告

resent怨恨

resist抵制

risk冒风险

suggest建议-ingasobject-ingform作宾语的用法二：在介词后作宾语，如：On

leavingschool,hewentintobusiness.Shallwehavearestorgetdownto

doingourwork?（getdownto中的to是介词）-ingform作宾语的用法三：在形容词后作宾语，如：Themusiciswellworth

listeningtomorethanonce.Wearebusy

preparingforthecomingsportsmeet.-ingasobject注意，有些动介词搭配中的介词为to,常常会被误以为是toinfinitive,常见的带介词to的动介词结构为：

beusedto习惯

berelatedto与……有关getdownto着手做

adaptto

适应putone’smindto

全神贯注于

giveriseto引起beequalto胜任；等同于

devoteoneselfto献身于leadto导致

beopposedto反对lookforwardto盼望

objectto反对stickto

坚持

payattentionto注意lookupto钦佩，羡慕

makecontributionsto做出贡献adjustto调整

attendto照看referto指代

seeto

确保1.Theywenton___________(walk)andneverstopped__________(talk).3.Markoftenattemptstoescape___________(fine)beingfinedwheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.4.Hegotwellpreparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisk_______（lose)thegoodopportunity.5.—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowIhaveregret___________(nottake)hisadvice!6.Shortlyafter___________(suffer)fromamassiveearthquakeand_____________(reduce)toruins,thecitytookonanewbook.walkingtalkingbeingfinedlosingnottakingsufferingbeingreduced1.WhenPeterspeaksinpublic,healwayshastrouble___________(think)oftherightthingstosay.2.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan'thelp________________(persuade)intobuyingssomethingtheydon'treallyneed.3.I'mlookingforwardto_________(see)youthissummervacation.4.Ihadgreatdifficulty_________(find)thesuitabledeskinthatrestaurantbecausethereweresomanypeople.5.—MrandMrsWhiteboughtatentjustnow.—Oh，theyareconsidering_________(go)campingthisweekend.6.Ican’timagineTom_______(do)theworkalone.thinkingbeingpersuadedseeingfindinggoingdoingto-infinitiveasobjecttoinfinitive

动词不定式是指动词中的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的一种非谓语动词形式，表示的意义多为“打算”“计划”“希望”“将要做某事”等表示未来的或未做的事，而-ingform表示正在进行，一般性或经常性发生的行为。动词不定式的否定形式在前面之间加not,即nottoinfinitive。Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我碰巧知道你那个问题的答案。toinfinitive作宾语的用法一在某些动词后作宾语（这些动词后不能接-ingform)afford付得起

agree同意

aim力求做到

appear显得

arrange安排ask要求

attempt试图 want想要

choose决定

claim声称decide决定

demand要求

determine决心

endeavor竭力

expect期待fail未能够

hesitate犹豫

hope希望

learn学会

manage设法neglect疏忽

offer主动提出

plan计划

prepare准备

pretend假装promise答应

prove证明

refuse拒绝

resolve决心

seem觉得好像swear发誓

tend往往会

threaten威胁

wish希望

volunteer自愿做to-infinitiveasobjectto-infinitiveasobjecttoinfinitive作宾语的用法二动词+疑问词+不定式，如：Pleaseshowushowtodothat.Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan'tmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.toinfinitive在以下动词后面作宾语动词+宾语+不定式(todo)advise建议

allow允许

believe相信

cause导致

challenge挑战

compel强迫

declare宣布

encourage鼓励

forbid禁止

force强迫

hire雇佣

induce引诱

instruct指导

invite邀请

like喜欢order命令

permit允许

persuade说服

remind提醒

request要求require要求

select挑选

send派遣

suppose认为

tell告诉

train训练

urge敦促Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.Webelievehimtobeguilty.to-infinitiveasobject-ingform

和toinfinitive在同一个动词后面作宾语的区别1.在start，begin，love，like，prefer，hate，intend这些动词后面既可以接-ingform也可以接toinfinitive,意义没有区别。2.在以下动词后面既可以接-ingform也可以接toinfinitive，意义有区别：

remembertodo记得去做某事rememberdoing记得做过某事forgettodo忘记去做某事forgetdoing忘记做过某事stoptodo停下来去做某事stopdoing停止做某事goontodo继续做某事（另外一件事）goondoing继续做某事（同一件事）regrettodo遗憾地去做某事regretdoing后悔做过某事trytodo尽力去做某事trydoing尝试做某事meantodo打算去做某事meandoing意味着/意思是做某事can'thelptodo不能帮忙做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事1.Ican'tthinkof__________(go)tovisitherinhospitalwithout_____________(buy)someflowers.2.Theexaminergavethestudentssometime___________(think).3.Theplayisprogrammed____________(start)at7a.m,sowehavedecided___________(meet)at6:30.4.Iamlookingforwardto___________(see)thefilmagain.5.Iintend___________(study)English___________(understand)Americanbusinessmethods.6.Shestillplans___________(marry)himevenafteherefused___________(buy)heranengagementring.7.Icannotresist___________(eat)fishandchipswhenIaminEngland.8.Sheenjoys___________(go)topartiesand___________(dance)inthediscosallthenightlong.9.Istopped___________(live)inLondonwhenIrealizeditwastimeforme___________(move).10.Don'tforget___________(turn)offtheheatingbefore___________(leave)thehouse.goingbuyingtothinktostarttomeetseeingtostudytounderstandtomarrytobuyeatinggoingdancinglivingtoturntomoveleavingCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Activity2tolivetousetoswim/swimmingswimmingtolearnpractisingplayingWriteareportbasedontheinterviewwiththewordsinthebox.Activity3admit

decide

enjoyfail

regret

wantadmitdecideenjoyfailregretwantJamieWells_____________theBoyScoutsbecausehe___________________himselfaswellasmeetingnewfriends.Hethoughtscoutcampwasfun,butnotwithoutitschallenges!Eachdaybeganwitha5-kilometercross-countryrun-at6am!Atfirsthe_____________thewholeroute.Onthefourthday,hewassotiredthatheevendidn’t___________________.Feelinghomesick,he_________________thescoutcampandwantedtophonehisdadtotakehimhome.Buthedidn’tgiveup.Thingssoongotbetter.Hebecamestrongerandmoreconfidentandmadenewfriends.He_____________ascouthaditschallenges,butitwasworthwhile.failedtofinishdecidedtojoinenjoyedwanttogetoutofbedchallengingregrettedattendingadmittedbeingWorkinpairs.Shareastoryofyourownaboutovercomingchallengesusingthewordsandstructuresinthissectionwhereappropriate.Activity41________

tochangeyourlifebystartingtobeabetterpersonorstoppingabadhabit2________

someonewhoisextremelyenthusiasticandenjoysworkingextremelyhard3________

tonotmakeanyeffort4________verycalmandrelaxed,especiallyinadifficultsituation5________todosomethingveryslowlybecauseyoudonotreallywanttodoit6________

someonewhorefusestojoinin,orwantstostop

otherpeoplehavingfunLookingonthebrightsideActivity5Listentotheconversationsandmatchtheexpressionstotheirmeanings.e

c

a

f

d

b

重新开始，改过自新工作卖力的人袖手旁观泰然自若故意拖拉，磨磨蹭蹭扫兴的人Activity6Puttheexpressionsintotheboxes.Addanymoreyoucanthinkof.PositiveNegativeaneagerbeaverturnoveranewleafcoolasacucumberlikeaducktowater...notliftafingerawetblanketdragone’sfeetafishoutofwater...Activity7Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.Withlifebeingmadeupofupsanddowns,itisnotalwayseasytomaintainagoodandenthusiasticattitude.Nevertheless,lookingonthebrightsideisthebestthingthatwecandoforourselvesaswellasforothers.Agoodattitudecanhaveapositiveeffectonotherpeople.Soifsomeoneyouknowisfeelinglow,lendthemanearandtrytocheerthemup.Remember,yourattitudeiscontagious,somakesureyoupassonagoodone!1.Whyisitimportantto“lookonthebrightside”?2.Howcanourattitudeaffectothers?

Becauselookingonthebrightsideisatypeofgoodattitude,whichcanhaveapositiveeffectonotherpeople.Ourattitudeislikelytospreadtoandaffectothers.Ifwehaveagoodattitude,otherswillalsofeelitandbecheeredupbyit.Activity8Listentotheconversationandnumberthepicturesaccordingtothesequenceofevents.1234Activity9Listenagainandcompletethejournalentry.Friday

10MayTodayIcameacrossmyfriendDawei.Helookedsad,soIaskedhimwhatwaswrong.Hesaidthathefailedina1________________________contest.Beforethecontest,hecompetedagainst

agirlatschool.Hewon,buthesaiditwasbecause2________________.Hethoughtthegirlshouldhavegoneto3________________________instead.Ifshehad,theschoolwouldhavebeen4________________.Itriedtomakehimlookonthebrightside,andheadmittedthathehadagoodtimeatthenationalcontest.Hemetsome5________________andhelikedthecity.Healsosaidhisparentsfelt6_________________.IthinkImadehimfeelbetter.nationalEnglishspeakinghewasluckythenationalcompetitio