Unit 3 Environmental Protection直接引语和间接引语 选择性必修三

Unit3EnvironmentalProtection直接引语和间接引语直接引语1.Thereporterasked,“Howcanwesavepolarbearsfromextinction?”2.

“Let’sworktogethertostopclimatechange,”theexpertsaid.1.Thereporteraskedhowwecouldsavepolarbearsfromextinction.2.Theexpertadvisedustoworktogetherto

stopclimatechange.间接引语观察以下例句，总结直接引语变为间接引语的规则。Johnsaid,“I’mgoingtoLondonwithmyfather.”约翰说：“我要和父亲到伦敦去。”（引号内是直接引语）JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）（1）直接引语：直接引述别人的话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语。（2）间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。直接引语和间接引语1.人称变化二随宾一随主第三人称不更新“一随主”，直接引语中的第一人称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致。如：Shesaid,“Mybrotherwantstogowithme.”→Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.“二随宾”，直接引语中的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致。‘HesaidtoKate,“Howisyoursisternow?”→HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变。

Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodworker.”→Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodworker.句型转换（1）“Iwillcomeandseeyouagainthisevening，Tom，”shesaid.→ShetoldTomthat

wouldgoandsee

againthatevening.（2）Hesaidtome，“Youarewrong.”→Hetoldmethat

waswrong.（3）“Areyouasoldier?”heasked.→Heaskedif/whether

wasasoldier.sheIhimI二随宾一随主第三人称不更新句型转换（4）Heasked，“Whereareyougoingtogetoff，John?”→HeaskedJohnwhere

wasgoingtogetoff.（5）“Iwillcomehereagaintoday，”shesaid.→Shesaidthat

wouldgothereagainthatday.（6）Hesaid，“Iamlivingwithmycousin.”→Hesaidthat

waslivingwith

cousin.heshehehis二随宾一随主第三人称不更新直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。1)Shesaid,“Ihavelostapen.”→Shesaidshehadlostapen.2)Shesaid,“Wehopeso.”→Shesaidtheyhopedso.3)Shesaid,“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”→Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend.直接引语间接引语一般现在时

do一般过去时

did现在进行时

bedoing过去进行时

was\weredoing现在完成时

have\hasdone过去完成时

haddone一般过去时

did过去完成时

haddone过去完成时

haddone过去完成时

haddone一般将来时

willdo过去将来时

woulddo2．时态变化特殊时态变化(1)直接引语是客观真理、谚语和格言时，时态不变。“Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth，”theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.老师告诉我，地球绕着太阳转，月球绕着地球转。(2)直接引语中有具体的过去时间状语时，时态不变。Tomsaid,“IwasbornonApril21,1980.”→TomsaidhewasbornonApril21,1980.汤姆说他生于1980年4月21日。(1)Hesaid,

“Ilikeitverymuch.”→Hesaidthat______________________．(2)Thedesignersaid,

“Wehavebegunourproject.”→Thedesignersaidthat____________________________．(3)Myfathersaid,

“Practicemakesperfect.”→Myfathersaid________________________．(4)Isaid,

“Iwillgivehersomeadvicetomorrow.”→Isaidthat_______________________________________．helikeditverymuchtheyhadbeguntheirprojectpracticemakesperfectIwouldgivehersomeadvicethenextday句型转换

直接引语间接引语指示代词this这个that那个these这些those那些地点状语here这儿there那儿方向性动词bring带来take带走come来go去3．指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化

直接引语间接引语时间状语now现在then那时today今天thatday那天thismorning今天上午thatmorning那天上午tonight今天晚上thatnight那天晚上tomorrow明天thenext/followingday第二天直接引语间接引语时间状语yesterday昨天thedaybefore前一天lastnight昨天晚上thenightbefore前一天晚上thedaybeforeyesterday前天twodaysbefore两天前threedaysago三天前threedaysbefore三天前nextweek下一周thenext/followingweek第二周ago(至今)以前before(那时)以前句型转换(1)“Shewashereoneweekago.”saidJohn.→Johnsaidthat_________________________________．(2)“Heiscomingtonight，”mymothersaidtome.→Mymothertoldmethat_________________________．(3)Theysaid,

“Wearrivedthismorning.”→Theysaidthat_______________________________．shehadbeenthereoneweekbeforehewascomingthatnighttheyhadarrivedthatmorning句型转换(4)Hesaid,

“Ibroughtithomewithme.”→Hesaidthat_______________________________．(5)Jimsaid,

“Iwenttohelpmyparentsyesterday.”→Jimsaidthat_____________________________________________．hehadtakenithomewithhimhehadgonetohelphisparentsthedaybefore4．连接词和语序变化句式连接词语序陈述句that或省略不变一般疑问句引述动词后加上if或whether陈述语序特殊疑问句连接词不变陈述语序祈使句无连接词不变1.Shesaidthattheirtrain____________(arrive)infiveminutes.2.Mymotheraskedme__________Ihadfinishedthehomework.3.TomtoldmethathewouldhelpmewithmyEnglish____nextday.4.Theteachertoldtheboysandgirlsthatthesun_____(rise)intheeast.5.Theoldmanaskedmybrotherwhathe________(do)therethedaybefore.if/whetherwouldarrivetheriseshad

done单句语法填空6.Thelittlegirltoldhimthatshe___________(watch)thewonderfulfootballmatchthemonthbefore.7.Shesaidthatshe___________(write)aletterwhenheknockedatthedoor.8.Shetoldmethatshe___________(break)myCDplayerbecauseofcarelessness.9.Thismorninghesaidthathe_______leaveforBeijingtomorrow.10.Heaskedushowmanycarfactories_____________(build)inourcountrybytheendoflastyear.waswritinghadwatchedhadbrokenwouldhadbeenbuilt单句语法填空LiHuatoldme1.______he2.________(have