2023-2024学年湖北省黄冈市高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省黄冈市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whyisthewomansleeplessaccordingtotheman?A.Sheistoostressed. B.Shegoestobedtoolate. C.Shestaysindoorsfortoolong.【答案】C【原文】W:I’munabletofallasleepatnight,andthenI’mtoosleepytoconcentrateinclassduringtheday.M:Well,youspendtoomuchtimeindoors.Andyourbodycan’ttellifit’snight.That’showyourproblemcomesup.2.Whatdoestheboyhavetodoafterschool?A.Feedthecat. B.Visithisuncle. C.Gotothelibrary.【答案】A【原文】W:Howaboutdoinghomeworktogetheratthelibraryafterschool?Iwanttoaskyouaboutsomemathproblems.M:I’dloveto,butIhavetogohome.Myparentshavegonetovisitmyuncle.Thecatmustbehungry.3.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Anengineer. B.Areceptionist. C.Arepairman.【答案】B【原文】M:Hello,SunshineHousingService.CanIhelpyou?W:Yes.ThisisMaryJones.Myheaterisn’tworkingandthetemperatureisgoingtogetdownbelowfreezing.Couldyoucomeovertofixit?M:Thisisourbusiesttimeoftheyear,butI’llsendoneofourrepairmentoyourhouseassoonaspossible.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthewoman’shouse. B.Inaclothingshop. C.Inanoffice.【答案】A【原文】M:Wow!Whatabeautifulhomeyouhavehere!W:Thanks.Letmetakeyourcoat.Andwouldyouliketoleaveyourbaghere?M:Yes,thanks.DoIneedtotakeoffmyshoes?5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook. B.Ahouse. C.Apainting.【答案】C【原文】W:Look,thisismydrawingforMary’snewbook.M:Wow,amazing.Thefenceiscoveredwithroses.Andthereisevenastreambesidethehouse.You’retalented.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthepie?A.Itisquitebig. B.Ittastesnice. C.Itlooksstrange.7.WhatwillJessiedonext?A.Makesomeshapes. B.Brushthetopwithegg. C.Addmeatandvegetables.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:Whatareyoumaking,Jessie?W:Apieforsupper—it’sMom’sfavorite.Iwantedtosurpriseher.M:Hmm…Areyousureit’ssupposedtolooklikethat?It’sastrangeshape.W:Oh,don’tworry—that’sonlybecauseIaddedmoremeatandvegetables.Therewouldn’thavebeenenoughforallofusotherwise.M:Right.Maybeyoucouldputsomedecorationontop,justtomakeitlooknicer?W:Yeah,I’vealreadymadesomeshapes.Look!IthinkI’llbrushthetopwithsomeegg,too—thenit’llbeniceandgoldenonceit’scooked!M:Soundsgood!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whorowedtheboatatfirst?A.Theman’sparents. B.Theman’sbrothers. C.Themanandhisfather.9.Whatdidthemansayabouttherowing?A.Itwastiring. B.Itwashard. C.Itwasinteresting.10.Whatdidtheman’sfatherdo?A.Hepreparedthepicnic. B.Hetookthewrongway. C.Heledthefamilytothecar.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【原文】W:Howwasyourboatingtrip?M:Well,wesetoffalongtheriver,withmytwobrothersrowingtheboat—thatwasfine.Thenwesuddenlydiscoveredthatourpicnicwasstillinthecar.W:Soyouwentbackforit?M:No,wecontinuedourtrip.Shortlyafterthat,mybrothersweretootiredtorow,soDadandIhadtodoit.Nothavinganyfooddidn’tbotherme,buttherowingworemeout.W:Whatdidyoudoafterwards?M:Wewereexploringtheforestneartheriver,andatonepointIthoughtwewerelost,butDadknowstheplacewell,sohegotussafelybacktothecarintheend.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Friends. C.Landlordandtenant.12.WhatdoesLucaschoosetodrink?A.Tea. B.Grapejuice. C.Coffee.13.Whatisinfrontofthegym?A.Agrocerystore. B.Asupermarket. C.Thesubwaystation.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【原文】M:Hi,I’mLucas.Ijustmovedinnextdoor.W:Oh,hi.Nicetomeetyou.I’mBarbara.M:Nicetomeetyou,too.W:Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?I’vegotteaandgrapejuice.Icanalsomakeyouacupofcoffee.M:Thanks,butI’mallergictocaffeine.Grapejuicewouldbenice.W:OK.Haveyoulookedaround?M:Yeah.It’saniceneighborhood,quietandconvenient.There’sagrocerystoredownthestreetandIcanwalktothesubwaystationin10minutes,butthereseemstobenobigsupermarketnearby.W:There’sone,butyouneedtowalk15minutestogetthere.M:Oh,that’sOK.I’mtryingtoloseweightsoIcouldwalkthere.W:Really?Thenyoumustbeinterestedinthegymrightbehindthesupermarket.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.HowdoesDavidsoundwhenspeakingofhisuncle?A.Grateful. B.Worried. C.Surprised.15.WhydoesDavidlikehisjob?A.Itmakeshislifedifferent.B.Itrealizeshischildhooddream.C.Ithasbroughthimwealthandfame.16.WhichtricktookDavidoverfiveyearstocreate?A.Puttingawoman’sfaceonMt.Rushmore.B.StraighteningtheLeaningTowerofPisa.C.MakingtheStatueofLibertydisappear.【答案】14.A15.A16.C【原文】W:David,asawell-knownmagician,canyousaysomethingaboutyourmagiclife?M:WhenIwasseven,myuncletaughtmetoplayacardtrick.Thetrickisstillinmycurrentshow.Eachnight’sperformanceofthatmagicmakesmethinkofmyuncle.W:Youdoalmost500performancesayear.Howhasmagicaffectedyouinyourlife?M:Fortunately,IlovewhatIdo.Magichascertainlymademylifespecialandallowedmetohavethechancetomakemanyofmydreamsarealityonstage.W:ManypeoplelikemakingtheStatueofLibertydisappear.Haveyoueverfeltchallengedtodosomethinglikethat?M:Yeah,itwasthemostdifficult,andittookmeoverfiveyearstocreateit.AfewotherthingsIhavealwayswantedtodoareputtingawoman’sfaceonMt.Rushmore,straighteningtheLeaningTowerofPisa.W:Whatdoyouwanttosaytoyourfans?M:Well,oneofmytricksistomaketenpeopleselectedfromtheaudiencedisappearfromthestage,allatthesametime.However,withoutgivingawayanysecrets,theselectedpeopleareasamazedastheaudiencethemselves!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Howmuchshouldanadultpayforthetour?A.£55. B.£110. C.£240.18.Whichisnotincludedfromthetour?A.Hotelpickup. B.Drinks. C.Meals.19.WhendidtheBritishMuseumopentothepublic?A.In1747. B.In1753. C.In1759.20.WhatdoweknowabouttheBritishMuseum?A.Theentrancetothemuseumisn’tfree.B.Itcontainsabouttwomillionobjects.C.Thereisasubwaystationnearby.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C【原文】W:ComeandjointheBritishMuseumTour.It’s£110peradult,£55perchildand£240forafamilyofthree.Youwilltourthemuseumwithalocalguidewithoutwaitinginline.Everyonewillbeprovidedwithabottleofwaterandabrochureofthemuseum.Mealsarealsoincluded.Butwedon’tprovidesnacksandarrangebusesforhotelpickup.TheBritishMuseumwasfoundedin1753.Sixyearslater,itopenedtothepublicon15thJanuary,followingthegiftof71,000objectsleftbySirHansSloanetoKingGeorgeII,forthenation.TheBritishMuseumistheworld’slargestnationalmuseumattractinganincrediblesixmillionvisitorsayear.Althoughentrancetothemuseumisfree,itishometooneofthefinestcollectionsinexistencewithovereightmillionobjects.Thoseobjectscovertwomillionyearsofhumanhistory,soourcommittedguidewillmakesureyouseeallthemust-seehighlights.Themuseumhasplayedhosttomanyfilmsandevenhaditsownundergroundstationforover30yearsuntilHolbornstationopenedafewyardsawayin1933.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADoyouknowthereareappsthatmakeiteasytohelpothers,ourplanet,andourselvessoweleadmoregivingandmeaningfullives?Checkoutfourofthebestonesandspringintoaction!BeMyEyesThisappconnectsvisually-challengedpeopleinneedofsomehelpwithsightedpeoplewithafewminutesofsparetimetoofferthroughvideocalls.Thehelpneededmaybesomethinglikefindingamissingobjectinthehome.Thisappisavailableinover150countriesandinmorethan150languages.Volunteersregisteranddetailwhichlanguagestheyspeak.Whensomeoneneedshelp,amessagereminderappearsontheirdevice.ZooniverseWanttohelpwithcuttingedgeglobalresearch?Zooniverseisanappwithmillionsofregisteredvolunteersthatletsyoubecomeacitizenresearcher!Helpprofessionalscientificresearchersthroughyourmobiledeviceorthecompanionwebsite.Globalvolunteersdon’thaveascientificbackgroundbuttheircontributionishighlyvalued.MySelflessActThisisasocialnetworkingsiteandapppromotingtheideaofgivingbacktothecommunitythroughvolunteering.Itoffersinformationonlocalvolunteeringopportunitiesgloballyandencouragesthesharingofideasandactivities.AloeBudCreatedbysomeonewhostruggleswithhismentalillness,routineandrememberingdailyself-care,AloeBudisawelcomingandsimpleself-carepocketcompanionapp.Itgentlyremindsusersaboutself-careactivitiesinphysical,mentalandemotionalneeds.Theseremindersrelatetoanythingfromdrinkingenoughwatertotakingscreenbreakstomaintainingconnections.21.WhatisBeMyEyesintendedtodo?A.Tohelppeoplewithvisualbarrier.B.Toparticipateinthesourcingproject.C.Toprovidedigitalsourcingtoresearch.D.Tocontributetothecompanionwebsite.22.WhichoneisnotrelatedtoAloeBud?A.Mentalwellness. B.Dailyroutine.C.Self-careactivities. D.Emotionalreminder.23.Whatdothefourappshaveincommon?A.Promotingthequalityofpeople’slives.B.Remindingusersaboutself-careactivities.C.Helpingprofessionalscientificresearches.D.Encouragingthesharingofideasandactivities.【答案】21.A22.D23.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个能提升生活质量的应用程序。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段BeMyEyes中“Thisappconnectsvisually-challengedpeopleinneedofsomehelpwithsightedpeoplewithafewminutesofsparetimetoofferthroughvideocalls.(这款应用程序将需要帮助的视力障碍人士与视力正常的人联系起来，通过视频通话提供几分钟的空闲时间)”可知，这是帮助视力受损的人的应用程序。故选A项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段AloeBud中“Createdbysomeonewhostruggleswithhismentalillness,routineandrememberingdailyself-care,AloeBudisawelcomingandsimpleself-carepocketcompanionapp.Itgentlyremindsusersaboutself-careactivitiesinphysical,mentalandemotionalneeds.(AloeBud是由一个与精神疾病、日常生活和日常自我护理作斗争的人创建的，它是一款受欢迎且简单的自我护理口袋伴侣应用程序。它温和地提醒用户在身体、心理和情感需求方面的自我保健活动)”可知，心理健康、日常工作和自我护理活动与AloeBud有关，情感提示与AloeBud无关。故选D项。【23题详析】细节理解题。通读全文，根据第一段“Doyouknowthereareappsthatmakeiteasytohelpothers,ourplanet,andourselvessoweleadmoregivingandmeaningfullives?(你知道有一些应用程序可以让我们很容易地帮助他人、我们的星球和我们自己，让我们过上更有意义的生活吗？)”和四个应用程序的介绍可知，它们都能提升人们的生活质量。故选A项。BAsimplehaircutcanbeamajorstressorforsomeonewithcognitiveorphysicaldisabilities.Loudnoisesfromhairdryersandstrongsmellscantriggerapersonwithautism(自闭症),andjustgettinginthedoorcanbetoughforanyoneinawheelchair.ButoneMinnesotastylistislookingtochangethatbyopeninganaccessiblesalon.Withanine-year-oldstepdaughter,Maddy,whousesawheelchairbecauseofspina-bifida(脊柱裂),CatRongitschknowsfirsthandhowinaccessiblespaceslikehairsalonscanbe.“We’vebeendraggedthroughbackdoorsorexpectedtocarryherdownstairsorusefreightelevatorsbecausethey’renotpreparedtoaccommodateher,”saysRongitsch,whoalsohasathree-year-olddaughterwhomighthavehigh-functioningautism,thoughshehasn’tbeentestedyet.Rongitschalreadymakeshaircuthousecallstokidswhofindtraditionalsalonsstressful.“Everyoneisdesperateforasafeplacethatwillnotbeacrazymeltdownexperience,andoftentimesthatmeanscallingdowntosomeone’shouse,”shesays.“Goinganywhereelseseemsunimaginable.”ButRongitschdreamsofaplacewhereanyonecanfeelsafeandcomfortablegettingahaircutoutsidethehome.RongitschismakingplanstoopenDignifiedBeautyinSt.Paul,Minnesota.Thedoorsandwalkwayswouldhaveplentyofroomforwheelchairs,andtexturedfloorswouldmakeiteasyforvisuallyimpairedpeopletonavigate.Aspa-likeatmosphereatDignifiedBeautywouldbelesstriggeringtopeoplewithautism.Loudtop-40hitswouldbereplacedwithsoftclassicalmusic(ifanything).Stylistswouldusequiethairdryersandsoftvoices.Fidgettoys(解压玩具)andblanketswouldbeonhandtohelppeoplestaycalm.Safespaceswouldbeavailableifanyonefeltoverwhelmedbysound,smell,ortouch.Asforthestaff,Rongitschwouldlooktohirepeoplewith“aheartfullofloveforeachindividual,”shesays.Stylistswouldlearnhowtohandlecustomerswhodon’tlikeotherstouchingtheirhair.Theywouldalsogiveeveryclientthesamelevelofdignity,whichisparticularlyimportanttoRongitsch,who’sseenstrangersignoreMaddy.“They’renotsureifit’saphysicaldisabilityormentaldisabilityloo,sotheywilltalktomeandnother,”saysRongitsch.“Thatissueisthebiggestwithher:justbeingacknowledgedasaperson.”24.WhatcanweknowaboutRongitschfromthefirst3paragraphs?A.Shehasanine-year-olddaughterwhousesawheelchair.B.Shesometimescallsonatsomeone’shousetomakehaircuts.C.SheownsanavailableDignifiedBeautyinSt.Paul,Minnesota.D.Herdaughterhasbeendiagnosedwithhigh-functioningautism.25.WhatservicecanpeoplewithautismenjoyatDignifiedBeauty?A.Passionatemusic.B.Devicesforrelievingstress.C.Immoderateequipment.D.Thrillingmovieswithtenseplots.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRongitsch?A.Positiveandselfless.B.Elegantandambitious.C.Optimisticanddevoted.D.Considerateandinsightful.27.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.Rongitsch—AKindheartedStylistwithLoveforIndividualB.PeoplewithDisabilitiesDeserveDignityasHealthyPeopleC.ASalonAccessibletoPeoplewithDisabilitiestoBeOpenedbyaWomanD.RongitschandHerdisabledDaughtersLongforBeingAcknowledgedasaPerson【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.C【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了明尼苏达州的发型师Rongitsch正在计划开一家理发店，给自闭症患者和身体残疾者提供一个舒适的理发环境和服务。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Rongitschalreadymakeshaircuthousecallstokidswhofindtraditionalsalonsstressful.(Rongitsch已经打电话给那些传统沙龙有压力的孩子，要求给他们上门理发。)”和第一段最后一句“ButoneMinnesotastylistislookingtochangethatbyopeninganaccessiblesalon.(但明尼苏达州的一位造型师希望通过开设一家无障碍沙龙来改变这一现状)”可知，Rongitsch的职业是造型师，故选B。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Fidgettoys(解压玩具)andblanketswouldbeonhandtohelppeoplestaycalm.(解压玩具和毯子随时可以帮助人们保持冷静。)”可知，在DignifiedBeauty理发沙龙，患者可以使用一些设备来舒缓情绪。故选B。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据整篇文章信息，尤其是第一段中“ButoneMinnesotastylistislookingtochangethatbyopeninganaccessiblesalon.(但明尼苏达州的一位造型师希望通过开设一家无障碍沙龙来改变这一现状)”，倒数第三段“RongitschismakingplanstoopenDignifiedBeautyinSt.Paul,Minnesota.Thedoorsandwalkwayswouldhaveplentyofroomforwheelchairs,andtexturedfloorswouldmakeiteasyforvisuallyimpairedpeopletonavigate.(Rongitsch正计划在明尼苏达州圣保罗开设DignifiedBeauty。门和走道将有足够的空间容纳轮椅，带纹理的地板将使视障人士轻松通行。)”和倒数第二段中“Aspa-likeatmosphereatDignifiedBeautywouldbelesstriggeringtopeoplewithautism.Loudtop-40hitswouldbereplacedwithsoftclassicalmusic(ifanything).Stylistswouldusequiethairdryersandsoftvoices.Fidgettoys(解压玩具)andblanketswouldbeonhandtohelppeoplestaycalm.Safespaceswouldbeavailableifanyonefeltoverwhelmedbysound,smell,ortouch.(DignifiedBeauty类似水疗中心的氛围不会太刺激自闭症患者。响亮的前40名热门歌曲将被柔和的古典音乐（如果有的话）取代。造型师会使用安静的吹风机和柔和的声音。解压玩具和毯子随时可以帮助人们保持冷静。如果有人感到被声音、气味或触摸淹没，可以使用安全空间。)”可知，Rongitsch考虑到理发店的门和通道要有足够的空间让轮椅通过，所以创办了理发沙龙，并在该沙龙使用纹理地板、古典轻音乐、无声吹风机等，让患者得到安慰。总结可知，Rongitsch是一个考虑周到、有洞察力的人。故选D。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中“Loudnoisesfromhairdryersandstrongsmellscantriggerapersonwithautism(自闭症),andjustgettinginthedoorcanbetoughforanyoneinawheelchair.ButoneMinnesotastylistislookingtochangethatbyopeninganaccessiblesalon.(吹风机发出的巨大噪音和强烈的气味可能会触发自闭症患者，而对于坐轮椅的人来说，进门可能会很困难。但明尼苏达州的一位造型师希望通过开设一家无障碍沙龙来改变这一现状)”和第二段“Withanine-year-oldstepdaughter,Maddy,whousesawheelchairbecauseofspina-bifida(脊柱裂),CatRongitschknowsfirsthandhowinaccessiblespaceslikehairsalonscanbe.“We’vebeendraggedthroughbackdoorsorexpectedtocarryherdownstairsorusefreightelevatorsbecausethey’renotpreparedtoaccommodateher,”saysRongitsch,whoalsohasathree-year-olddaughterwhomighthavehigh-functioningautism,thoughshehasn’tbeentestedyet.(有一个九岁的继女Maddy，她因脊柱裂而坐轮椅(脊柱裂),CatRongitch亲身体验了美发沙龙等难以进入的空间。“我们被拖过后门，或者被要求把她抬下楼梯或使用货运电梯，因为他们不准备容纳她，”Rongitch说，她还有一个三岁的女儿，可能患有高功能自闭症，尽管她还没有接受检测。)”可知，本文主要讲述Rongitsch致力于开办一个新的理发沙龙，为自闭症患者和其它残障人员提供便利，C项“由一位女性开设的残疾人士沙龙”适合作文章标题。故选C。CWhileyou’rehidingawaytheChristmaspresents,animalsarestoringfoodforthewinter!Manyanimals“cache”(贮藏)orhidefoodfortimetocome,similartohowwestockourpantrieswithfood.Inthewintermonths,cachingallowsanimalstosurvivewhenfoodisscarce.Someanimals,suchasbobcatsandmountainlions,leavedeadanimals’bodiesforshortperiodsoftimeburiedbeneathsurroundingvegetation.Otheranimals,suchasrodentsandbirds,storeseedsforlongperiodsoftimeinplacesthey’llreturntoweeksorevenmonthslater.Hidingfoodthroughoutananimal’shomerangeisknownasscatterhoarding.Thiskeepsthecacheslowandlessenticingtoanypotentialthieves.However,thistechniquerequiresagoodmemory,asthefoodisoftenindozens,ifnothundreds,ofdifferentlocations.Anothercachingtechniqueinvolvesanimalscollectingfoodinonlyacoupleofplaces,referredtoaslarderhoarding.Thesecachesareoftenfoundincavitiessuchasahollowtreeoraholeintheground.Theyareeasiertofindbutrequirelotsofdefensivemeasures.HerearesomeoftheanimalsthatcacheinthePeachState:Birdssuchaschickadees,nuthatches,titmiceandjayscanstorehundredsofseedsinasingleday.Eachseedisplacedinadifferentlocation,andtheyusuallyrememberwhereeachis,evenmonthslater.Flyingsquirrelsstoreavarietyofseeds,nutsandacornsintheirnestsandintrees.Thesenocturnalsquirrelswillevenburyseedsintheground.Itisbelievedthatasinglelyingsquirrelcanstoreover15,000seedsinayear!Molestrapliveearthwormsunderground.Themolebitestheearthworm’sheadoff,andcoldertemperaturesslowtheearthwormdown.Iftheweatherwarmsupbeforethemolehasachancetoconsumeitsprey,however,earthwormscanregrowtheirheadsandtunneltheirwaytofreedom.28.Inwhatrespectarethefirsttwoparagraphssimilar?A.Usingcomparisonasamethodofexposition.B.Stressingtheimportanceofstoringtoanimals.C.Revealingdifferencesinfoodstorageamongdifferentanimals.D.Discussingthethreatseasonalchangebringstoanimals’survival.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enticing”inParagraph3mean?A.Familiar. B.Harmful. C.Appealing. D.Sufficient.30.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflarderhoarding?A.Itisatestforanimals’memory.B.Itistime-savingandeco-friendly.C.Itcaneasilyensurecaches’safety.D.Itbringanimalsconvenienceaswellasrisk.31.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Molestakeearthwormsastheironlyfoodresource.B.Chickadeesadoptscatterhoardingtostoretheirseeds.C.Aflyingsquirrelisbetteratstoringseedsthananybird.D.Earthwormshavenochanceofsurvivaloncebittenbymoles.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了不同动物贮藏食物的方式。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whileyou’rehidingawaytheChristmaspresents,animalsarestoringfoodforthewinter!Manyanimals“cache”(贮藏)orhidefoodfortimetocome,similartohowwestockourpantrieswithfood.(当你把圣诞礼物藏起来的时候，动物们正在为冬天储存食物！许多动物“贮藏”或藏食物以备不时之需，就像我们在食品储藏室储存食物一样)”可知，第一段将动物贮存食物与人类把食物放在储藏室做了比较；根据第二段“Someanimals,suchasbobcatsandmountainlions,leavedeadanimals’bodiesforshortperiodsoftimeburiedbeneathsurroundingvegetation.Otheranimals,suchasrodentsandbirds,storeseedsforlongperiodsoftimeinplacesthey’llreturntoweeksorevenmonthslater.(一些动物，如山猫和美洲狮，会将动物尸体短时间埋在周围的植被下。其他动物，如啮齿动物和鸟类，将种子长时间储存在它们几周甚至几个月后会返回的地方)”可知，第二段把不同动物的贮存对象与方法做了比较，由此可知，开头两段在展开论述时，都采用了比较的阐述手法。故选A项。【29题详析】词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Hidingfoodthroughoutananimal’shomerangeisknownasscatterhoarding.(在动物的活动范围内隐藏食物被称为分散囤积)”说明一些动物隐藏食物是分散的，这样每份食物的存量就更低，对于潜在窃食者而言，更低的存量对他们的诱惑也就更少。从而推知划线词句“Thiskeepsthecacheslowandlessenticingtoanypotentialthieves.(这使得食物存量很低，对任何潜在的窃食者都不那么enticing)”其中划线部分意思是“有诱惑的，有吸引力的”。故选C项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Anothercachingtechniqueinvolvesanimalscollectingfoodinonlyacoupleofplaces,referredtoaslarderhoarding.Thesecachesareoftenfoundincavitiessuchasahollowtreeoraholeintheground.Theyareeasiertofindbutrequirelotsofdefensivemeasures.(另一种贮藏技术是动物只在几个地方收集食物，被称为储藏室囤积。这些贮藏食物通常在树洞或地洞等洞穴中发现。它们更容易找到，但需要很多防御措施)”可知，作者认为这种囤积方法给动物带来了便利，也带来了风险。故选D项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Birdssuchaschickadees,nuthatches,titmiceandjayscanstorehundredsofseedsinasingleday.Eachseedisplacedinadifferentlocation,andtheyusuallyrememberwhereeachis,evenmonthslater.(北美山雀、胡桃鸟、山雀和松鸦等鸟类一天可以储存数百颗种子。每颗种子都被放置在不同的位置，它们通常会记得每颗种子在哪里，甚至几个月后)”可知，北美山雀采用分散贮食法。故选B项。DBiologicalfieldworkcanmeantripstoexoticplaces.Buttheworkitselfcanbedepressing,especiallywhenyouaretryingtotrackdowncomplicatedsubjects.Themostcommonmethodistosendafeweagergraduatestudentsarmedwithcameratrapsandseveralweeksofsparetime.Butperhapsnotformuchlonger.ApaperpublishedinCurrentBiology,whoseleadauthorsareChristinaLynggaardattheUniversityofCopenhagenandJanGogartenattheHelmholtzInstituteforOneHealthinGermany,suggestsaneasiermethod:simplyswabbing(用拭子拭抹)nearbyleavesforDNA.TheDNAinquestioniscalled“environmentalDNA”(eDNAforshort).Itreferstoallthegeneticinformationthatanimalsshedastheygoabouttheirdailybusiness:breathing,urinating.movingaround,orinteractingwiththeirenvironmentinanyway.Inrecentyears,gene-sequencingtechnologyhasbecomequickandsensitiveenoughtopickoutgeneticsequencesfromthisuniversaleDNA-particularanimals,includinghumans.Onewayofdoingsoistoblowairthroughfilters,thenanalysesthemtoseewhichcreaturesliveinthesurroundings.Awareofthattechnique,DrsGogartenandLynggaardwonderediftheremightbeasimplerapproach.Air-samplingsystemscantakedaystodotheirwork.Maintenancemustbedone,andfiltersmustbechanged.ButgiventhateDNAisliterallyblowingaroundecosystems,theresearcherswonderedifitmightbecollectedonleaves.Theleavesofmanyplantsarewaxy(质地光滑)andsomewhatsticky.TheresearcherstheorizedthateDNAmightendupstucktoleavesandthatitcouldsubsequentlybecollectedbyswabbingthem.TheytestedtheirtheoryinthedenserainforestsofKibaleNationalPark,inUganda.Theswabsrevealedthepresenceof26birds,24mammals,oneamphibianandonefish,witheachswabcontainingDNAfromeightanimalsonaverage.Morethanhalfthesamplesweregoodenoughtoworkouttheprecisespeciestheycamefrom.32.Whencanbiologicalfieldworkbediscouraging?A.You’retracingdowncomplexissues.B.You’reexploringexoticdestinations.C.You’remakingtripstounfamiliarfields.D.You’reappointinggraduatestosendcameratraps.33.WhatassumptiondidtheresearchersmakeabouteDNA?A.Itcanbetestedindistantrainforests.B.Itmightbegatheredbyswabbingleaves.C.Itmightenduptobealittlesmoothandsticky.D.Itcanliterallycenteronecosystemprotection.34.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheresearchfindings?A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byanalyzingthecause.C.Bygivingsomeexamples.D.Byprovidingsomefigures.35.Whatisthispassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Anewsystemtoswableaves.B.Aconvenientwaytotrackanimals.C.Anovelmethodtoidentifysamples.D.Aspecialtechniquetosequencegenes.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种更为简洁的确认动物踪迹的基因采集技术。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Buttheworkitselfcanbedepressing,especiallywhenyouaretryingtotrackdowncomplicatedsubjects.(但这项工作本身可能令人沮丧，尤其是当你试图追踪复杂的主题时。)”可知，生物研究工作在追踪复杂主题时，可能让研究者备感压力。故选A。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“TheresearcherstheorizedthateDNAmightendupstucktoleavesandthatitcouldsubsequentlybecollectedbyswabbingthem.(研究人员推测，eDNA可能最终会附着在树叶上，随后可以通过擦拭树叶来收集。)”可知，研究者们在eDNA实验中得出的实验结论为：eDNA最后会留在树叶上，可以通过拭子拭抹的方式提取这些eDNA。故选B。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theswabsrevealedthepresenceof26birds,24mammals,oneamphibianandonefish,witheachswabcontainingDNAfromeightanimalsonaverage.Morethanhalfthesamplesweregoodenoughtoworkouttheprecisespeciestheycamefrom.(样本中发现了26种鸟类、24种哺乳动物、1种两栖动物和1种鱼类，平均每份样本中含有8种动物的DNA。超过一半的样本足够精确，可以确定它们来自哪个物种。)”可推断，实验的研究结果是通过列数据进行展现的。故选D。【35题详析】文章大意题。根据文章第一段的“Biologicalfieldworkcanmeantripstoexoticplaces.Buttheworkitselfcanbedepressing,especiallywhenyouaretryingtotrackdowncomplicatedsubjects.及ApaperpublishedinCurrentBiology,whoseleadauthorsareChristinaLynggaardattheUniversityofCopenhagenandJanGogartenattheHelmholtzInstituteforOneHealthinGermany,suggestsaneasiermethod:simplyswabbingnearbyleavesforDNA.(生物学野外考察意味着去异国他乡旅行。但这项工作本身可能令人沮丧，尤其是当你试图追踪复杂的主题时。最常见的方法是派几个带着相机和几周空闲时间的热切的研究生去。但这种情况可能不会持续太久。哥本哈根大学的ChristinaLynggaard和德国亥姆霍兹单一健康研究所的JanGogarten发表在《当代生物学》上的一篇论文提出了一种更简单的方法:简单地用拭子拭抹叶子附近的DNA。)”可知，全文主要介绍了一个使用棉签擦拭树叶收集生物遗留在树叶上的环境DNA从而去追踪complicatedsubject的方法。而且文章最后一段“Theswabsrevealedthepresenceof26birds,24mammals,oneamphibianandonefish,witheachswabcontainingDNAfromeightanimalsonaverage.(样本中发现了26种鸟类、24种哺乳动物、1种两栖动物和1种鱼类，平均每份样本中含有8种动物的DNA。)”这一句提到的都是动物物种，综合这三处可知。本文介绍的是一个更为方便的追踪动物的方法。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。India’stouring(流动的)cinemasaredying,andbeingreborn.AndIndiaisperhapsthemostfilm-madcountryintheworldwhileitalsohasthelowestratiosofscreenstohumanbeings.____36____Thescreensthatdoexistareunevenlydistributed.PVR,India’sbiggestcinemaoperator,hasmorescreensinChandigarh,aprosperouscityofaboutamillionpeople,thanitdoesinRajasthan,apoorstaleof80million.IfMuhammadcouldnotgotothemovies,themovieshadtocometoMuhammad.Twentyyearsago,therewere1,400oddtouringcinemasinPusegaon.____37____However,todaythereareonly52travellingcinemas.____38____Oneissmartphoneandinternetexpansion,whichleadstotheotherreasonforthecollapseofthetouringcinemas:____39____SushilChaudhary,thefounderofanewchainoft