云南省2024-2025学年高二上学期12月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1云南省2024-2025学年高二上学期12月期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Makeaplan.B.Continuethework.C.Startanewproject.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coachandtrainee.B.Motherandson.C.Friends.3.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Gettingontheplane.B.Providingmealservice.C.Makinganannouncement.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Sports.B.Sleepinghabits.C.Physicaldiscomfort.5.Howisthemanprobablyfeeling?A.Confused.B.Annoyed.C.Happy.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomanfeelsorry?A.Hergroupdidn’tfinishontime.B.Hergroupdidn’tperformverywell.C.Hergroupmembersdidn’tgetonwellwitheachother.7.Whomightthemanbe?A.Thewoman’sboss.B.Thewoman’steammember.C.Thewoman’sbusinesspartner.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howmanyeggsdoesthemanorder?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.9.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisbreakfast?A.£6.B.£7.C.£8.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanoffice.B.Atschool.C.Atthewoman’shouse.11.Whenwillthespeakersprobablydotheworktogether?A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.12.Whatwillthemanbringtothewoman’shouse?A.Pizza.B.Juice.C.Icecream.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman’sdestination?A.Mongolia.B.Russia.C.China.14.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shelostherticket.B.Shemissedhertrain.C.Shegottothewrongplatform.15.Whatisthemangoingtofix?A.Abike.B.Acar.C.Atrain.16.Whatisthemangivingthewoman?A.Amap.B.Somefood.C.Somewarmclothes.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthegraduatingclass?A.Theyaregifted.B.Theyareexperienced.C.Theyarehard-working.18.Whatisthespeakermostlikelytobegoodat?A.Modernpainting.B.Fashiondesign.C.Phototaking.19.Whowillprobablyspeaknext?A.JamesSmith.B.JaneGoodman.C.MichaelWatts.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Givingaclass.B.Awardingprizes.C.Hostinganexhibition.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEstablishedin1984asagrowthprogramforlocalhighschoolstudents,theSimonsSummerResearchProgramnowattractsapplicantsfromallacrossthecountrytotheStonyBrookcampus:SimonsFellowsarematchedwithStonyBrookstudyadvisors,joinaresearchgrouporteam,andassumeresponsibilityforaproject.TheSimonsFellowsconcludetheirprogrambyproducingaresearchposter.Inadditiontolearningvaluabletechniquesandexperiencinglifeatamajorresearchuniversity,SimonsFellowsattendweeklyresearchtalksandtakepartinspecialworkshops,toursandevents.Attheclosingmeetingonposters,studentsarepresentedwithacashaward.Eligibility(资格)●Studentsinterestedinsciencewhohaveshownindependence,creativityandanabilitytodohands-onworkareespeciallyencouragedtoapply.●Applicantsmustbeintheirjunioryear(11thgrade)ofhighschoolatthetimeofapplyingandmustbeatleast16yearsoldbythestartoftheprogram.HousingandpiningDinnerProjectedsummer24programcosts(residential):$2,680(includes$600MealPlanand$60StudentHealthServicesFee)Residential&Commuter(通勤者)Options:Participantsmaychoosetoliveoncampuswithotherstudentresearchersortocommute.Studentswholiveoncampusaretypicallyhousedinadoubleroominauniversityresidencehall,andareresponsibleforpayingtheirownhousingfeesbeforetheprogramstartdate.Pleasenotethatresidentialstudentsarenotallowedtobringacartocampus.1.WhatshouldparticipantsdointheSimonsSummerResearchProgram?A.Visittheirdreamcolleges. B.Designaresearchposter.C.Decideontheirfuturemajor. D.LearnaboutSimons’history.2.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementfortheapplicants?A.Theirage. B.Theirhometownlocation.C.Theirscores. D.Theirvolunteerexperiences.3.Howmuchisthehousingfeeforaresidentialapplicant?A.$2,680. B.$2,620. C.$2,080. D.$2,020.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了西蒙斯暑期研究项目的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“SimonsFellowsarematchedwithStonyBrookstudyadvisors,joinaresearchgrouporteam,andassumeresponsibilityforaproject.TheSimonsFellowsconcludetheirprogrambyproducingaresearchposter.(西蒙斯研究员将与石溪分校的研究顾问配对，加入一个研究小组或团队，并承担一个项目的责任。西蒙斯研究员通过制作研究海报来结束他们的项目)”可知，参与者需要设计一个研究海报。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Eligibility(资格)部分“Applicantsmustbeintheirjunioryear(11thgrade)ofhighschoolatthetimeofapplyingandmustbeatleast16yearsoldbythestartoftheprogram.(申请者在申请时必须是高中二年级（11年级），并且在项目开始时必须至少16岁)”可知，参与者有年龄要求。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据HousingandpiningDinner部分“Projectedsummer24programcosts(residential):$2,680(includes$600MealPlanand$60StudentHealthServicesFee)(预计24个夏季项目费用（住宿）：2,680美元（包括600美元的膳食计划和60美元的学生健康服务费用）)”可知，住宿费应除去膳食费用和健康服务费用，即，2,680美元—600美元—60美元=2020美元。故选D。BBythetimeNalinKamatwas13,theTorontoteenwaswellonhiswaytobecomingaworkingartist.Hehadalreadyhadhisfirstshowatalocalartcenter,showcasinghisseriestitled“Dispositions”,whichillustratedhisowngrowthduringadolescence(青少年).Yethewantedmore—specificallytostartshowinghisworkinajuriedexhibition,whereagroupofartexpertswouldevaluateandselectpiecesinacompetitivereviewprocess.That’swhenhehitanobstacle,discoveringintheverylastlineofamulti-pageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.Thatrejectionbecameamotivationforcreation.“Ithoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysNalin,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,inJanuary2023,NalinrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery,whichisnowprofitableenoughtomakeendsmeetbychargingasmallhangingfeeforanydisplayedwork.Inturn,LittleEGGhelpspromoteyoungtalentbyshowcasingtheirwork.Notlongafteropening,DavidGriffin,aprofessorandartistofOntarioCollegeofArtandDesignUniversitysteppedintothegalleryandmetNalin.Griffinregardshimassomeonespecial:“astrongyoungartistwithareallyexcellentidea—creatingaspaceforshowingthenaturalgeniusofyoungpeople.Itwasavoid(空白)intheartworld.”ThereNalinaskedGriffintohelpjudgeanupcomingcompetition.Thefirstjuriedshowwaslastspring,andfive-year-oldJackGamblewonforhisabstractpaintingtitledPokemon.AsNalinwasbusywithschool,lifeandhisownart,LittleEGGismostlyopenbyappointmentonly,buthe’sstillcommittedtogrowingitwithseasonalandthemedshowsscheduledafewtimesayear.4.WhatdoweknowaboutNalinKamatfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hedrewteenagers’growthinhiswork. B.Hebecameaworkingartistwhenaged13.C.Hewasdisqualifiedforajuriedexhibition. D.Heshowedhisseriesatthecapitalartcenter.5.WhydidNalindecidetosetupLittleEGGGallery?A.Topromoteartistsbyshowcasingtheirwork.B.Toformtheconnectionbetweendifferentgalleries.C.Toexpandhisownbusinessthroughthemedshows.D.Toshowyoungartists’talentbyofferingthemastage.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNalin’sideaofopeningthegallery?A.Pioneering. B.Short-lived. C.Popular. D.Unpromising.7.WhatkindofpersonisNalinKamataccordingtothetext?A.Helpfulandcautious. B.Devotedandcreative.C.Humorousandintelligent. D.Knowledgeableandambitious.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了15岁的多伦多青少年纳林·卡马特因为无法参加评审展览而受挫，但这激发了他为更多年轻艺术家提供展示机会的决心。在父母的支持下，他创办了LittleEGGGallery的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“That’swhenhehitanobstacle,discoveringintheverylastlineofamulti-pageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.(就在那时，他遇到了一个障碍，在一份多页申请表的最后一行发现提交作品的最低年龄是18岁。)”可知，NalinKamat因为年龄问题而被取消了参加评审展览的资格。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段““Ithoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysNalin,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,inJanuary2023,NalinrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery,whichisnowprofitableenoughtomakeendsmeetbychargingasmallhangingfeeforanydisplayedwork.(“我想，如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太棒了，”现年15岁的纳林说。在父母的支持下，纳林于2023年1月租了一个店面，并创办了LittleEGGGallery，现在这家画廊通过向任何展示的作品收取小额悬挂费，已经足够盈利来维持生计了。)”可知，他创办LittleEGGGallery的目的是为了给年轻艺术家提供一个展示才华的舞台。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thatrejectionbecameamotivationforcreation.“Ithoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysNalin,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,inJanuary2023,NalinrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery(那次拒绝成为了他创作的动力。“我想，如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太棒了，”现年15岁的纳林说。在父母的支持下，纳林于2023年1月租了一个店面，并创办了LittleEGGGallery。)”根据第四段“astrongyoungartistwithareallyexcellentidea—creatingaspaceforshowingthenaturalgeniusofyoungpeople.Itwasavoid( 空白)intheartworld.”（一个有着非常优秀想法的强大年轻艺术家——为展示年轻人的天才创造了一个空间。这是艺术界的一个空白）可知，Nalin想要为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，于是他租了一个店面并创办了LittleEGGGallery，这是一个创新的想法，因此可以用pioneering（开创性的）来形容他的想法。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“BythetimeNalinKamatwas13,theTorontoteenwaswellonhiswaytobecomingaworkingartist.(到纳林·卡马特13岁时，这位多伦多少年已经踏上了成为职业艺术家的道路。)”、根据文章第二段“That’swhenhehitanobstacle,discoveringintheverylastlineofamulti-pageapplicationthattheminimumageforsubmissionwas18.(就在那时，他遇到了一个障碍，在一份多页申请表的最后一行发现提交作品的最低年龄是18岁。)”和文章第三段“Thatrejectionbecameamotivationforcreation.“Ithoughtit’dbereallycoolifIcouldprovidetheopportunitytomoreyoungartists,”saysNalin,now15.Withthesupportofhisparents,inJanuary2023,NalinrentedastorefrontandfoundedLittleEGGGallery(那次拒绝成为了他创作的动力。“我想，如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太棒了，”现年15岁的纳林说。在父母的支持下，纳林于2023年1月租了一个店面，并创办了LittleEGGGallery。)”可知，NalinKamat在13岁时就举办了自己的画展，并且因为无法参加评审展览而创办了LittleEGGGallery，展示年轻艺术家的作品。这些行为表明他是一个有创造力和奉献精神的人，因此选项B：Devotedandcreative(有奉献精神和创造力的)最符合他的特点。故选B。CManycitiesintheUnitedStatescouldgrowtheirownfoodlocally,raisingenoughcropsandcattletomeettheneedsofallresidents.ThisisthefindingofaninterestingnewmodelingstudyfromTuftsUniversity,whichanalyzedthepotentialforlocalfoodproductionin378areasacrosstheUSandexpectedfoodproduction.TheresearchersfoundthatcitiesintheNorthwestintheUnitedStateshadthegreatestpotentialtoraisetheirownfood.CitiesalongtheEasternseasideandintheSouthwesthadtheleastpotentialandwouldnotbeabletomeetalltheirownneedsofdiet,evenifeveryacreofagriculturallandwasusedforfoodproduction.Thismakessense,asmanyofthecitiesarecoastalandlackroomforagriculturalspreading.ThestudyrevealedthattheUnitedStateshaveextraagriculturallandforfeedingthedomesticpopulation.Currently,somelandisusedtoraiseexportcrops,butafocusonlocalfoodproductionwouldstartaconversationabouthowthatlandgetsused.InthewordsofPeters,leadauthorandassociateprofessorattheFriedmanSchoolofNutritionScienceandPolicyatTufts,“Itwouldbeimportanttomakesurepoliciesforsupportinglocalorregionalfoodproductionbenefitconservationandcreateopportunitiesforfarmerstoadoptmoresustainable(可持续的)practices.Policiesshouldalsorecognizetheabilityofthenaturalresourcesinagivenlocalorregionandconsiderthesupplychain,includingabilityforfoodprocessingandstorage.”Althoughit’safarcryfromthecurrentreality,itisanicethoughttoimaginecitiessurroundedbyfoodproductionoperationsthattransportfreshlyharvestedfoodtonearbyhomes,andthenmakeuseoftheleftoverfoodtofertilizefieldsandgenerateheatforgreenhouses.8.WhydothecitiesalongtheEasternseasidefailtoprovideenoughfood?A.Becausecitizensareunwillingtogrowcrops.B.Becausethemethodsoffoodproductionarewrong.C.Becausetheydon’thaveenoughlandtogrowcrops.D.Becausetheirclimatelimitstheagriculturalproduction.9.Whatwillthefocusonlocalfoodproductionleadto?A.Morejobopportunitiesforcitizens.B.Conversationswiththelocalgovernment.C.Adiscussiononhowtomakeuseofland.D.Morespecificpoliciesaboutwaterresources.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“afarcryfrom”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Closelyrelatedto. B.Verydifferentfrom.C.Exactlythesameas. D.Slightlydifferentfrom.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.TheUSGovernmentStopsWastingFoodB.CitiesLearntoGrowFoodFromtheVillagesC.FarmersHaveMoreChancestoBeEmployedD.ManyCitiesintheUSCanGrowTheirOwnFood【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新模型研究的发现美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“CitiesalongtheEasternseasideandintheSouthwesthadtheleastpotentialandwouldnotbeabletomeetalltheirownneedsofdiet,evenifeveryacreofagriculturallandwasusedforfoodproduction.Thismakessense,asmanyofthecitiesarecoastalandlackroomforagriculturalspreading.(东部沿海城市和西南部城市的潜力最小，即使每英亩农田都用于粮食生产，它们也无法满足自身对饮食的全部需求。这是有道理的，因为许多城市都是沿海城市，缺乏农业扩张的空间)”可知，东部沿海城市无法提供足够的食物是因为他们没有足够的土地种植庄稼。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Currently,somelandisusedtoraiseexportcrops,butafocusonlocalfoodproductionwouldstartaconversationabouthowthatlandgetsused.(目前，一些土地用于种植出口作物，但关注当地粮食生产将引发有关这些土地如何利用的讨论)”可知，对当地粮食生产的关注将引发对如何利用土地的讨论。故选C项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Althoughit’safarcryfromthecurrentreality,itisanicethoughttoimaginecitiessurroundedbyfoodproductionoperationsthattransportfreshlyharvestedfoodtonearbyhomes,andthenmakeuseoftheleftoverfoodtofertilizefieldsandgenerateheatforgreenhouses.(尽管这与当前的现实，但想象一下被食品生产企业包围的城市是一个不错的想法，这些企业将新鲜收获的食物运送到附近的家庭，然后利用剩下的食物给田地施肥，为温室供暖)”以及其中but和imagine可知，前面的内容与实际情况是不一样的，所以猜测afarcryfrom应表示“与……不同的”的意思。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ManycitiesintheUnitedStatescouldgrowtheirownfoodlocally,raisingenoughcropsandcattletomeettheneedsofallresidents.ThisisthefindingofaninterestingnewmodelingstudyfromTuftsUniversity,whichanalyzedthepotentialforlocalfoodproductionin378areasacrosstheUSandexpectedfoodproduction.(美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植足够的作物和牲畜来满足所有居民的需求。这是塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新建模研究的发现，该研究分析了美国378个地区的当地粮食生产潜力和预期粮食生产)”可知，文章主要是讲一项研究发现美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。故D项“ManyCitiesintheUSCanGrowTheirOwnFood(美国的很多城市可以种植自己的粮食)”可以作为最佳标题。故选D项。D“TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisback,”runsanoldjoke,“andhe’llbespeechless.”Thisrestsonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.SusanMeadowoftheUniversityofChicagohasaratherdifferentview.Emotionscomeoutinlotsofways:facialexpressions,posture,toneofvoiceandsoon.Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.Itisamasterlytourthroughalifetime’sresearch.Virtuallyeveryonegestures,notjustItalians.Experimentalsubjects,toldafteraresearchsessionthattheywerebeingwatchedforgestures,apologizefornothavingmadeany—butweredoingsotheentiretime.Peoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.Awomanbornwithoutarmsbutwith“phantomlimbsyndrome(幻肢综合征)”describeshowsheusesherphantomarmswhenshetalks—butnotwhenshewalks.Allthissuggeststhatcognition(认知)is,tosomeextent,“embodied”;thinkingisnotalldoneinyourhead.Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.Subjectswatchafilminwhichacatrunsbutaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theydosoinwords—whiletheirhandsmakearunningmotion.Peoplewhosaytheybelieveinsexualequalitybutgesturewiththeirhandslowerwhentalkingaboutwomenarenotindicatingwomen’sheight;theycanbeshowntohavebiases(偏见)ofwhichtheymaybeunaware.In“TheCrown”,ahistoricaldramaseries,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmaybetrayherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerous;theyaretiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesticulating.NoonewhoreadsSusan’sbookcouldeveragainthinkthatgesturingshowsonlyalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisacomplexaidtoboth.12.WhydoestheauthormentiontheoldjokeinParagraph1?A.Topresentanargument. B.Todescribeascene.C.Toleadinthetopic. D.Toclarifyadoubt.13.WhichstatementwillSusanMeadowprobablyagreewith?A.Thedisabledseldomusegestures. B.Gesturesliterallyembodycognition.C.Thinkingonlyoccursinthebrain. D.Gesturesareimproperincommunication.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoproveinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Gesturesmayexpresswhatthespeakerreallythinks.B.Peopleareunawareofthemeaningsoftheirgestures.C.Gesturingduringspeechshowsonlyalackofcontrol.D.Speakerscanliemoreeasilywiththehelpofgestures.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsummaryofthetext?A.Speechisadirectchannelofinformation.B.Gesturesmakeavitalformofcommunication.C.Italian’sbodylanguagerepresentsanationalstereotype.D.“ThinkingwithYourHands”isalifetime’sresearchforSusanMeadow.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手势在交流和思考中的重要性，打破了只有意大利人才手势丰富的刻板印象，并通过实验和研究证明了手势是信息的第二渠道，能够真实反映人们的认知和想法。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisback,’runsanoldjoke,‘andhe’llbespeechless.’Thisrestsonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.(“把意大利人的手绑在背后，”一个老笑话说道，“他就会说不出话来。”这是基于一种国家刻板印象：意大利人健谈且情绪化，所有那些挥舞手臂的动作据说都证明了这一点)”可知，作者在第一段提到这个老笑话是为了引出关于意大利人手势丰富、健谈且情绪化的刻板印象，进而引出下文对于手势在交流和思考中作用的探讨。因此，作者提到这个老笑话是为了引入话题。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“SusanMeadowoftheUniversityofChicagohasaratherdifferentview.Emotionscomeoutinlotsofways:facialexpressions,posture,toneofvoiceandsoon.Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.(芝加哥大学的SusanMeadow有不同的看法，情绪以多种方式表现出来：面部表情、姿势、语调等等。但当人们用手势配合言语时，他们就在做不同的事情了。她在她的新书《用手思考》的标题中总结了这一点)”和第三段中“Allthissuggeststhatcognition(认知)is,tosomeextent,‘embodied’;thinkingisnotalldoneinyourhead.(所有这些都表明，认知在某种程度上是‘具身的’；思考并不完全是在你的头脑中进行的)”可知，SusanMeadow认为人们在使用手势与语言时实际上在做一些不同的事情，并强调手势是思考和交流的一部分，思考并不完全是在头脑中进行，人们用手势配合言语时是在“用手思考”，因此，她可能会同意“手势实际上体现了认知”这一说法。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.(事实上，伴随言语的手势是信息的第二渠道)”和“Peoplewhosaytheybelieveinsexualequalitybutgesturewiththeirhandslowerwhentalkingaboutwomenarenotindicatingwomen’sheight;theycanbeshowntohavebiases(偏见)ofwhichtheymaybeunaware.(那些说他们相信性别平等但在谈论女性时手势较低的人，其实并不是在指示女性的身高；这表明他们可能有自己未曾意识到的偏见)”；最后一段中“In‘TheCrown’,ahistoricaldramaseries,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmaybetrayherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerous;theyaretiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesticulating.(在历史剧《王冠》中，戴安娜王妃被警告说，她的手可能会泄露她的真实情感，这可能是危险的；它们被绑在一起，这样她就可以学习不用手势说话了)”可知，作者通过举例说明了手势能够真实反映人们的想法和偏见，即使人们口头上说的和内心想的不一致。因此，作者在最后两段试图证明手势可能表达出说话者真正的想法。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，尤其结合第四段中“Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.(事实上，伴随言语的手势是信息的第二渠道)”和最后一段中“NoonewhoreadsSusan’sbookcouldeveragainthinkthatgesturingshowsonlyalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisacomplexaidtoboth.(读过苏珊这本书的人再也不会认为手势只是缺乏控制的表现。它是关于思考和交流的，是对两者的复杂辅助)”可知，文章主要讲述了手势在交流和思考中的重要性，打破了关于手势的刻板印象，并通过实验和研究证明了手势是信息的第二渠道，能够真实反映人们的认知和想法。因此，“手势是交流的一种重要形式”是文章内容的最佳概括。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Homeautomationisnothingnew.It’sbeenaroundforyearsnow.______16______Andwhensomethingisnew,peoplehavetobedoubtfulaboutit.So,herewearewithtonsofwidespreadmythsaroundhomeautomation.Let’scheckoutwhatunbelievablemythsweencouragedandwhyyouneedtostopbelievingthem.Myth1:HomeautomationistooexpensiveThemostcommonmisunderstandingis—Ican’taffordit!Itisnotyourfaultifyouthinkit’stooexpensive.______17______Actually,homeautomationdeviceswerequitepriceyinitially,butthingshavechangednow.Smarthomeproductsnowadaysaresimpleandprogrammabledevicesthatareaffordabletomanyhomeowners.Myth2:_______18_______Mostpeoplethinkthathomeautomationdevicesandsystemsaresomedevicesoutofaspymovie.Itisacommonmyththatyoumustbeatechietousethedevicesormakechanges.However,itisnottrue.______19______Eventhoughitseemslikeachallengingtask,allittakesisasimpletouchtocontrolyourhome.Myth3:SmartdeviceswillbecomeoutdatedafterafewyearsofpurchaseAnothercommonmythisthatsmarthomeautomationtechnologywillbecomeoutofdateaftersometime.Firstly,allefficienthomeautomationdevicesarefuturisticallydesigned.Secondly,mosthomeautomationcompaniesprovideupdatesthatareeasytoinstallandkeepthemup-to-date.Smarthomeautomationisanewtechnology.______20______Thus,don’tletthemythsandtechnicaltermsabouthomeautomationscareyou!Theproductsthatpowerthesmarthomearelightyearsawayfromthemytharoundthem.A.Afterall,it’sanewtechnology.B.Homeautomationneedstechnicalknowledge.C.Youdon’thavetobeatech-mastertoliveinasmarthome.D.Thispowerfultechnologyhasmanybenefitsforhomeowners.E.Homeautomationdevicesareforeveryhomeregardlessofitssizeandshape.F.Youcanreduceyourpowerconsumption,energywastageandsavemoneyinthelongrun.G.Butsmarthomeswithautomationsystemsforefficientlighting,temperature,andsecurityarenewfields.【答案】16.G17.A18.B19.C20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了一些关于家居自动化的三个神话和误解。【16题详析】根据上文“Homeautomationisnothingnew.It’sbeenaroundforyearsnow.(家庭自动化并不是什么新鲜事。它已经存在好几年了)”以及后文“Andwhensomethingisnew,peoplehavetobedoubtfulaboutit.So,herewearewithtonsofwidespreadmythsaroundhomeautomation.Let’scheckoutwhatunbelievablemythsweencouragedandwhyyouneedtostopbelievingthem.(当一件新事物出现时，人们不得不对它持怀疑态度。所以，这里我们有很多关于家庭自动化的普遍误解。让我们来看看我们鼓励了哪些令人难以置信的神话，以及为什么你需要停止相信它们)”可知，上文提到了家庭自动化，而后文提到了新事物，可知本句与上文构成转折，介绍一种新的关于家庭自动化的事物。故G选项“但是，拥有高效照明、温度和安全自动化系统的智能家居是新的领域”符合语境，故选G。【17题详析】根据上文“Themostcommonmisunderstandingis—Ican’taffordit!Itisnotyourfaultifyouthinkit’stooexpensive.(最常见的误解是——我买不起！如果你觉得太贵，那不是你的错)”可知，上文提到了觉得太贵不是你的错，本句承接上文说明原因：这是一项新技术，所以昂贵。故A选项“毕竟，这是一项新技术”符合语境，故选A。【18题详析】根据本段内容“Mostpeoplethinkthathomeautomationdevicesandsystemsaresomedevicesoutofaspymovie.Itisacommonmyththatyoumustbeatechietousethedevicesormakechanges.However,itisnottrue.(大多数人认为家庭自动化设备和系统是间谍电影中的一些设备。你必须是一个技术人员才能使用这些设备或做出改变，这是一个普遍的误解。然而，事实并非如此)”可知，本段解释的神话主要关于家庭自动化设备需要专业人士才能使用，即自动化需要技术知识。故B选项“家庭自动化需要技术知识”符合语境，故选B。【19题详析】根据后文“Eventhoughitseemslikeachallengingtask,allittakesisasimpletouchtocontrolyourhome.(尽管这看起来是一项具有挑战性的任务，但只需要简单的触摸就可以控制你的家)”可知，后文提到只需要简单的触摸就可以控制你的家，说明不需要成为技术大师也能生活在智能家居中，故C选项“你不需要成为技术大师才能生活在智能家居中”符合语境，故选C。【20题详析】根据上文“Smarthomeautomationisanewtechnology.(智能家居自动化是一项新兴技术)”以及后文“Thus,don’tletthemythsandtechnicaltermsabouthomeautomationscareyou!Theproductsthatpowerthesmarthomearelightyearsawayfromthemytharoundthem.(因此，不要让关于家庭自动化的神话和技术术语吓到你！为智能家居提供动力的产品离围绕它们的神话还有光年之遥)”可知，上文提到了智能家庭自动化是一项新兴技术，结合文章主要说明了智能家居自动化的一些好处，故D选项“这项强大的技术对房主有很多好处”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekelefromVirginiastoodoutasthewinnerofthe2023YoungScientistChallenge.Amongthetenfinalistshe____21____thetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”withhis____22____creationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS),abarofsoapcreatedfortheveryfirsttimeatalowcosttotreatmelanoma,themostcommonkindofskincancer.Ratherthanacure,Bekele’sbrilliantidea____23____thedevelopmentofasoapthataimstohelpthepatient’scellsstayactivewhilefightingmelanoma.Healwayshasendlesspassionforbiologyandtechnology,andtheYoungScientistChallengejust____24____himwiththeperfectplatformtodisplayhisideas.Reflectingonhis____25____,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodexperiencehadplayedacrucialrolein____26____hisnovelthinking.“Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,Iwantedtoraisepeople’sawarenessof____27____relatedtoconstantsunexposure.”“Iwantedtomakemyideaaccessibletoabroadaudience,”Bckeleremarkedduringaninterviewwiththemedia.Bekeloalsopassionatelyexpressedhis____28____ofturningthesoapintoaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithin____29____forall.Hewasgratefulthathehadreceivedinvaluable_____30_____fromaproductengineeringspecialist,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientiststo_____31_____himtoreachhisambitiousplans.Whilesimilarmethodsareavailableforskincancertreatments,hissolutionisamore_____32_____option.Inthefuture,Bckelelongsto_____33_____hisinventionbytrialanderrorandestablishanonprofitorganization_____34_____toprovidingfairskincancertreatmenttoasmanypeopleaspossible,bringing_____35_____inthebattleagainstskincancer.21.A.kept B.desired C.defended D.won22.A.strict B.instant C.novel D.common23.A.focuseson B.relieson C.putson D.agreeson24.A.armed B.satisfied C.provided D.assisted25.A.profession B.inspiration C.determination D.imagination26.A.shaping B.showing C.quitting D.obeying27.A.risks B.disasters C.challenges D.advantages28.A.fear B.doubt C.dream D.surprise29.A.distance B.reach C.limit D.space30.A.guidance B.welcome C.praise D.invitation31.A.require B.remind C.press D.aid32.A.fashionable B.affordable C.adaptable D.capable33.A.picture B.clear C.control D.perfect34.A.used B.addicted C.devoted D.opposed35.A.recognition B.hope C.comfort D.impact【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.B26.A27.A28.C29.B30.A31.D32.B33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了14岁的HemanBekele凭借其创新的皮肤癌治疗肥皂(SCTS)在2023年青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，成为“美国顶尖青年科学家”，并介绍了他的发明灵感、过程及未来愿景。