湖南省怀化市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省怀化市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouhaveeverlosttouchwitholdschoolfriends,youmayfindyourselfwantingtomakecontactagain.Someteensfindthatcertainschoolfriendsareworthkeepingcontactwithandwanttokeepthefriendshipgoingstrong.HangoutatthesameplacesOnewayyoucangettogetherwitholdfriendsfromyourschoolistogotothesameplacesthattheygoto.Ifyoustillgotoschooltogether,youprobablyknowwhereeveryonegoesontheweekends.Ifyouareabletogotheretoo,youmayfindthatyourrelationshipswithyouroldschoolfriendsstartupagain.JoinsportsteamsIfyouareathleticandyourformerfriendsaretoo,joiningschoolsportsteamsisagreatwaytocatchupwitholdfriends.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatyoushouldjoinasportwhichyoudonotlikejustsoyoucanseeyouroldfriends.However,ifyoulikesports,wishtojoinateamandyourformerfriendsareonthatteam,andthenplayingtheteamsportsisagreatwaytogettoknowthemagain.TakepartinschoolclubsThereareoftenalotofschoolclubsinwhichteensparticipate.Dependingonyourinterestsandyourformerfriends’interests,youmayjustfindaclubatschool.Sharingacommoninterestsuchasaclubactivitywillhelpyoutohavesomethingincommonandsomethingtotalkabout.1.Whatcanyoudotogettogetherwitholdschoolfriends?A.You’dbetterjointheschooldanceclubs. B.Youshouldhavedinnerwiththem.C.Youmaygototheplaceswheretheygo. D.Youcanoftengoshoppingwiththem.2.Whichactivityisbestforasportslovertocontactoldfriend?A.Hangingoutatthesameplaces. B.Joiningschoolsportsteams.C.Takingpartinschoolclubs. D.Participatinginschoolcompetitions.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?A.Totelldifferenthobbiesthatstudentshave. B.Tosharevariousinterestingthingsinschool.C.Tojoinclubswiththesameinterests. D.Togiveadviceoncontactingoldfriends.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些和老朋友保持联系的方法。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onewayyoucangettogetherwitholdfriendsfromyourschoolistogotothesameplacesthattheygoto.Ifyoustillgotoschooltogether,youprobablyknowwhereeveryonegoesontheweekends.Ifyouareabletogotheretoo,youmayfindthatyourrelationshipswithyouroldschoolfriendsstartupagain.(有一种方法可以让你和学校的老朋友聚在一起，那就是去他们常去的地方。如果你们还在一起上学，你可能知道每个人周末都去哪里。如果你也能去那里，你可能会发现你和老同学的关系又开始了)”可知，你可以去老同学常去的地方来和老同学聚会。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ifyouareathleticandyourformerfriendsaretoo,joiningschoolsportsteamsisagreatwaytocatchupwitholdfriends.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatyoushouldjoinasportwhichyoudonotlikejustsoyoucanseeyouroldfriends.However,ifyoulikesports,wishtojoinateamandyourformerfriendsareonthatteam,thenplayingtheteamsportsisagreatwaytogettoknowthemagain.(如果你是运动员，你以前的朋友也是，加入学校的运动队是一个很好的方式来联系老朋友。这并不意味着你应该参加一项你不喜欢的运动，这样你就可以看到你的老朋友。然而，如果你喜欢运动，希望加入一个团队，而你以前的朋友是那个团队的成员，那么参加团队运动是再次了解他们的好方法)”可知，参加学校运动队最适合运动爱好者联络老朋友。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifyouhaveeverlosttouchwitholdschoolfriends,youmayfindyourselfwantingtomakecontactagain.Someteensfindthatcertainschoolfriendsareworthkeepingcontactwithandwanttokeepthefriendshipgoingstrong.(如果你曾经与老同学失去联系，你可能会发现自己想要再次联系。一些青少年发现，某些学校的朋友是值得保持联系，并希望保持友谊牢固)”结合文章主要介绍了一些和老朋友保持联系的方法。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提供联系老朋友的建议。故选D。BLights,camera,action!Haveyoueverdreamedofbeingadirector?Atage29,DiDialreadyhasalmost10yearsofdirectingexperienceunderhisbelt.Throughthemediacompanyhefounded,hemakesadvertisingandpromotionalvideos,includingforTsinghuaUniversity.ForDi,becomingadirectoris“anadventurebasedoninterest”.Majoringinjournalism,hegotintodirectingbychance.“In2013,IcameupwithanideaforTsinghua’sadmissionsvideobutcouldn’tfindadirector,”Disaid.“SoIdecidedtobethedirectormyself!Iendedupreallyenjoyingtheprocessofbeingcreativeandworkingwithateam.ThatwaswhenIknewIwantedtobeadirector.”Whilemanypeoplethinkthatdirectorsareexpertsatart,Difoundthatdirectorsare,infact,expertsatmanagement.“Onlyone-thirdofmytimeisspentonset.Therestofthetime,I’mdoinglotsofplanningwithmycustomersandcolleagues,”hesaid.Thisplanningprocessincludesworkingoutthevideo’sthemewiththeclient,creatingascript,bringingtogetherthevisualsandtextcontent,andalsomanaginglogisticslikewheretoparkthecarsandhowtobringelectricitytotheset.Despitethepressure,Digetsgreatjoyfrommakinganimpactthroughhisworks.In2019,hemadeafilmforTsinghua,whichtellsthestoryofagroupoffirst-generationcollegestudents.Itwasviewedmorethan15milliontimesonsocialmediaandbecameahottop20trendingtopiconSinaWeibo.Beingafirst-generationcollegestudenthimself,Difeltverypassionateaboutthevideosgoalofinspiringstudentstousetheireducationtomakeabetterlifefortheirfamilies.Onemonthbeforethenationalcollegeentranceexamin2020,Direleasedafeaturefilmencouraginghighschoolstudentstokeepworkinghardaftertheexamwaspushedbackbyonemonth.“IwanttouncoverandshareChina’sstorieswiththeworld,truestoriesofChineseyouthfightingfortheirdreams,”saidDi.4.WhatdoweknowaboutDiDi?A.Hestarteddirectingattheageof19. B.Hestudiedfilmdirectingatcollege.C.Hewantedtobeadirectorwhenyoung. D.HestarredinTsinghua’sadmissionsvideo.5.WhatdoesDithinkisnecessaryfordirectors?A.Artisticskill. B.Technicalknowledge.C.Moneymanagementskill. D.Organizationalskill.6.WhyarethetwofilmsmentionedinParagraph4?A.TogiveexamplesofDi’smostpopularworks. B.ToshowhowDiinspirespeoplethroughhisworks.C.TostresshiscontributionstoTsinghuaUniversity. D.ToprovethepopularityofDiasadirector.7.WhatdoesDiaimtodothroughhisfilms?A.Furtherhiscareeroverseas. B.Becomefamousandinfluential.C.TellstoriesofyoungChinesetotheworld. D.Encouragestudentstogotofamousuniversities.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫DiDi的年轻导演在自己创办的媒体公司中从事广告和宣传视频制作工作，通过自己的作品影响他人。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Atage29,DiDialreadyhasalmost10yearsofdirectingexperienceunderhisbelt.(29岁的迪迪已经有了近10年的导演经验。)”可知，DiDi19岁时开始当导演。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Whilemanypeoplethinkthatdirectorsareexpertsatart,Difoundthatdirectorsare,infact,expertsatmanagement.“Onlyone-thirdofmytimeisspentonset.Therestofthetime,I’mdoinglotsofplanningwithmycustomersandcolleagues,”hesaid.Thisplanningprocessincludesworkingoutthevideo’sthemewiththeclient,creatingascript,bringingtogetherthevisualsandtextcontent,andalsomanaginglogisticslikewheretoparkthecarsandhowtobringelectricitytotheset.(虽然很多人认为导演是艺术专家，但迪发现导演实际上是管理专家。“我只有三分之一的时间花在片场。其余时间，我与客户和同事一起做很多计划，”他说。这个规划过程包括与客户一起制定视频主题，创建脚本，将视觉和文本内容整合在一起，以及管理物流，比如在哪里停车以及如何为布景供电。)

”可知，DiDi所做的事情是需要组织技能的，因此在DiDi看来组织技能是导演必备的。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In2019,hemadeafilmforTsinghua,whichtellsthestoryofagroupoffirst-generationcollegestudents.Itwasviewedmorethan15milliontimesonsocialmediaandbecameahottop20trendingtopiconSinaWeibo.Beingafirst-generationcollegestudenthimself,Difeltverypassionateaboutthevideosgoalofinspiringstudentstousetheireducationtomakeabetterlifefortheirfamilies.Onemonthbeforethenationalcollegeentranceexamin2020,Direleasedafeaturefilmencouraginghighschoolstudentstokeepworkinghardaftertheexamwaspushedbackbyonemonth.(2019年，他为清华大学拍摄了一部电影，讲述了一群第一代大学生的故事。该视频在社交媒体上的点击量超过1500万次，并成为新浪微博热门话题前20名之一。作为第一代大学生，迪对视频的目标充满热情，即激励学生利用所学知识为家人创造更好的生活。在2020年高考推迟一个月后，迪发布了一部故事片，鼓励高中生继续努力学习。)”可知，本段提到了这两部电影是为了展示DiDi如何通过他的作品激励人们。故选B。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的““IwanttouncoverandshareChina’sstorieswiththeworld,truestoriesofChineseyouthfightingfortheirdreams,”saidDi.(他说：“我想与世界分享中国的故事，中国年轻人为梦想而奋斗的真实故事。”)”可知，DiDi的目的是通过他的电影向世界讲述中国年轻人的故事。故选C。CMostofushaveheardofthe3Rs:reduce,reuseandrecycle.Itisthecoreprincipleofasustainable(可持续的)life,butfewofuscanapplyitinourownlives.Now,there’sa“lab”youcanexploreanddiscoverawaytowardlivingsustainably.3RLabislocatedinXuhuidistrict,Shanghai.Itoffersexhibitions,activitiesandgoodsthatshowcasethe3Rprinciple.Thekeytoasustainablelife,accordingtoVincentT.M.Fong,the32-year-oldfromHongKongwhocreatedthelab,istomakeitalong-termpromise.“Asustainablelifeshouldbesustainableitselfinthefirstplace.Youcan’tleadasustainablelifeonawhim.Smallandcomfortablechangesareexactlywhatyouneed,”Fongsaid.Thelabregularlyhostsuglyfruitmarkets,offeringthesestrangefruitswhichareoftenthrownawaybytraditionalmarketsandconsumersataquiteattractiveprice.“They’rethrownawaysimplybecauseoftheirappearance.Buyingfruitregardlessofhowtheylookreducesfoodwastesignificantlyinourdailylife,”Fongcommented.Awatertankwithtwotypesofstrawsisanotherequipmentinthelab.“OnetypeismadefromnormalplasticswidelyusedinourdailylifewhiletheotherisfromPHA,anewreplacementforplastics,andthewaterissourcedfromtheSuzhouRiver,”explainedNiLi,anemployeeofthelab.VisitorscanseehowthePHAstrawsdegrade(降解)intoathinlayerinjustonemonth,whiletheothersremainunchanged.“Leadingasustainablelifedoesnotnecessarilymeansacrifice,”saidFong.Consuminguglyfruitandusingdegradableplasticsaresmallchangesthataregoodfortheenvironmentandeasytostickto.Onlyinthiswaycanthe3Rprinciplebecomepartofourlives,headded.Afterworkingthereforsixmonths,Ni,whowasn’tmindfulofthe3Rprinciplebeforearrivingatthelab,nowuseshercupeverytimeshebuysacoffee.“Thejobhasreshapedmylife,”Nisaid.8.Whatdoesthe-underlinedphrase“onawhim”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.Inarush. B.Onaregularbasis.C.Withoutanyreason. D.Asacommonpractice.9.Whatisthepurposeoftheuglyfruitmarketat3RLab?A.Toreducefoodwaste. B.Topromotehealthyeating.C.Tosellnewkindsoffruit. D.Toprovidemoreaffordablefruit,10.Whatcanthewatertankat3RLabshowtoitsvisitors?A.Thewaterpollutioncausedbyplastics. B.ThedegradationofPHAstraws.C.Theinteractionbetweentwotypesofstraws. D.Thedisappearanceofnormalplasticstraws.11.WhatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutNi?A.Sheavoidsgoingtotraditionalmarkets. B.Shehasdevotedlesstimetoherhobbies.C.Shehasgotridofafewbadhabits. D.Sheisleadingalowcarbonlifenow.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3R实验室正在探索一种可持续生活的方式。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线短语的下文“Smallandcomfortablechangesareexactlywhatyouneed,(小而舒适的改变正是你所需要的，)”可知，需要小而舒适的改变，也就是说你不可能一时兴起就过上可持续的生活的，所以推断划线短语的意思是“一时兴起、匆忙地”。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“They’rethrownawaysimplybecauseoftheirappearance.Buyingfruitregardlessofhowtheylookreducesfoodwastesignificantlyinourdailylife,(它们仅仅因为外表而被丢弃。购买水果，不管它们看起来如何，都能大大减少我们日常生活中的食物浪费，)”可知，3R实验室丑陋水果市场的目的是为了减少食物浪费。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“VisitorscanseehowthePHAstrawsdegrade(降解)intoathinlayerinjustonemonth,whiletheothersremainunchanged.(参观者可以看到PHA吸管是如何在一个月内降解成薄薄的一层，而其他吸管则保持不变。)”可知，3R实验室的水箱能向参观者展示PHA吸管的降解。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Afterworkingthereforsixmonths,Ni,whowasn’tmindfulofthe3Rprinciplebeforearrivingatthelab,nowuseshercupeverytimeshebuysacoffee.(在那里工作了六个月后，倪在来实验室之前并不知道3R原理，现在她每次买咖啡都要用自己的杯子。)”可推知，倪现在过着低碳生活。故选D项。DTheyear2023markedthe20thanniversaryofChina’sfirstmannedspacemission,withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen,another17astronautshavereachedforthestars.Theselectionofthefourthgenerationofastronautsbeganin2022andisnowinfullswing.Expertsrevealedhowdifficultthetrainingisbeforeastronautscanexplorethespace.Thehumanbodyisnotdesignedforspacelife.Astronautsarefacedwithmultiplechallengesonaspacemission.Thechangesingravitycanhaveanimpactontheirbodies.Thefeelingofisolationandclosedlivinginasmallspacecraftformonthscandamagetheirmentalhealth.Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheirknowledgeandabilitytosolveproblemsunderhugepressure.Soit’snowonderthatastronautshavetomeetextremelyhighstandardsandgothroughatoughtrainingprogram.TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirmissionsandreturntoEarthsafely,“Eighttypes,includingover200subjectsoftraining,wereset,”HuangWeifen,chiefdesigneroftheastronautsystemforChina’smannedspaceproject,toldCCTVNews.Apartfromphysicalfitnesstraining,italsoincludesbasicscientifictheories,psychologicalhealth,andmock(模拟的)missions.Amongthetrainingsubjects,themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Thistrainingisdesignedforastronautstoadapttothemicrogravityenvironmentinspace.AccordingtoHuang,astronautsstayunderwaterinsuitsweighingover100kilogramsforsixhoursatatime.Waterresistance(阻力)andtheheavysuitmakeeverymoveexhausting.“NieHaishengoncereportedatwo-kilogramlossinweightafteroneunderwateitrainingexercise,”saidHuang.Eachastronautreceivestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforehavingthechancetogotospace.Whocanbecomeastronauts?ThefirstandsecondgenerationsofChineseastronautswereselectedonlyfromtheChinesePeople’sLiberationArmyAirForce.However,since2018,whenthethird-generationselectionprocessbegan,ordinarypeoplehavebeeninvitedtoapply.Theycanflywithpilotastronautstospace.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Highstandardsastronautsneedtomeet. B.Healthproblemscausedbymicrogravity.C.Requirementsofthetoughastronauttraining. D.Differentchallengesastronautsfaceinspace.13.Whichisthemostphysicallydemandingforitsparticipantsaccordingtothearticle?A.Mockmission. B.Underwatertraining.C.Physicalfitnesstraining. D.Scientifictheorylearning.14.WhydidHuangmentionNieHaishertg’stwo-kilogramweightloss?A.Tostresshowchallengingthetrainingis. B.TodescribeNie’spersonalachievements.C.Tointroducetheweightlimitforastronauts. D.Toexplaintheimportanceofpropertraining.15.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.TheQualitiesofBeinganAstronaut B.AstronautsFacedwithMultipleChallengesC.PreparingtheMindandBodyforSpace D.The20thAnniversaryofChina’sSpaceMission【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国第四代航天员的选拔已经开始，并且正在如火如荼地进行中。专家透露，成为一名宇航员需要经历极其艰苦的训练，包括身体、心理和模拟任务等方面的训练。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Astronautsarefacedwithmultiplechallengesonaspacemission.Thechangesingravitycanhaveanimpactontheirbodies.Thefeelingofisolationandclosedlivinginasmallspacecraftformonthscandamagetheirmentalhealth.Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheirknowledgeandabilitytosolveproblemsunderhugepressure.(宇航员在太空任务中面临着多重挑战。重力的变化会对他们的身体产生影响。在小宇宙飞船中生活数月的孤立感和封闭感会损害他们的心理健康。任务期间的紧急情况挑战了他们在巨大压力下解决问题的知识和能力。)”可知，第二段主要讨论了宇航员在太空中面临的各种挑战。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Amongthetrainingsubjects,themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.(在训练科目中，最累人的是水下训练。)”可知，水下训练对参与者的体力要求最高。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thistrainingisdesignedforastronautstoadapttothemicrogravityenvironmentinspace.AccordingtoHuang,astronautsstayunderwaterinsuitsweighingover100kilogramsforsixhoursatatime.Waterresistance(阻力)andtheheavysuitmakeeverymoveexhausting.“NieHaishengoncereportedatwo-kilogramlossinweightafteroneunderwateitrainingexercise,”saidHuang.(这项训练是为宇航员适应太空微重力环境而设计的。据黄说，宇航员穿着重达100多公斤的宇航服，一次在水下呆6个小时。水的阻力和沉重的衣服使每一个动作都筋疲力尽。“聂海胜曾经报告说，在一次水下训练后，他的体重减轻了两公斤。”黄说)”可知，黄提到聂海胜的两公斤体重损失是为了强调训练的挑战性有多大。故选A。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Apartfromphysicalfitnesstraining,italsoincludesbasicscientifictheories,psychologicalhealth,andmock(模拟的)missions.(除了体能训练，它还包括基础科学理论、心理健康和模拟任务。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了成为一名宇航员需要经历极其艰苦的训练，包括身体、心理和模拟任务等方面的训练。所以选择项C“PreparingtheMindandBodyforSpace(为太空做好身心准备)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MinorColdisthe23rdsolartermofthe24traditionalChinesesolarterms.FormostareasofChina,itmarksthestartofthecoldestdaysoftheyear.Still,bittercoldcan’tpreventpeoplefromenjoyingtheirlives.____16____EnjoyMuttonhotpotandbakedsweetpotato.Muttonhotpot,andbakedsweetpotatoaretworecommendedfoodsforMinorCold.____17____Itcanhelppreventcoldfromharmingtheirorgans.Theyangenergyinthethreetypesoffoodisstrengthenedthroughtheirmethodofcooking:boiling,stirfryingandbaking.EatLabaporridge.AnotherimportanttraditionalfoodforMinorColdisLabaporridge.____18____LocalpeopleinBeijingoftencookLabaporridgeonthenightoftheseventhdayofthetwelfthlunarmonth.Afteronenight’sslowsimmering,alltheingredientsmeltintotheporridgeinthemorningoftheeighthday,becomingawarmdelicacytoenjoyoncolddays.____19____PeopleinNanjingusedtotakeMinorColdquiteseriously,andtheystillkeepacustomofeatingvegetablericetocelebratethissolarterm.Thericeissteamedwithaijiaohuang,sausageandsaltedduckthatareallthespecialtiesinNanjing.MakeChinesetraditionalherbalmedicine.____20____Manypeopleneedthemtopreparenewmedicines,whichwillbeconsumedbeforetheLunarNewYear.A.StockupforNewYear.B.TasteNanjingvegetablerice.C.Itismadefromover20kindsofnuts,cerealsanddriedfruits.D.MinorColdisalsothebusiesttimefordoctorsandpharmacies,E.HerearesomethingsthathelpusstaywarmduringMinorCold.F.Beef,sesameandwalnutsarealsogoodchoicesforMinorCold.G.AccordingtoChinesetradition,peopleeatfoodcontainingmoreyangenergy.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.B20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小寒，以及一些小寒的一些饮食习俗。【16题详析】根据上文“MinorColdisthe23rdsolartermofthe24traditionalChinesesolarterms.FormostareasofChina,itmarksthestartofthecoldestdaysoftheyear.Still,bittercoldcan’tpreventpeoplefromenjoyingtheirlives.(小寒是中国传统二十四节气中的第23个节气。对于中国大部分地区来说，这标志着一年中最冷的日子的开始。尽管如此，严寒并不能阻止人们享受生活)”以及后文主要介绍小寒的一些饮食习俗可知，有一些食物可以帮助人们御寒。故E选项“这里有一些东西可以帮助我们在小寒期间保持温暖”符合语境，故选E。【17题详析】根据上文“Muttonhotpot,andbakedsweetpotatoaretworecommendedfoodsforMinorCold.(羊肉火锅和烤红薯是小寒的两种推荐食物)”以及后文“Itcanhelppreventcoldfromharmingtheirorgans.Theyangenergyinthethreetypesoffoodisstrengthenedthroughtheirmethodofcooking:boiling,stirfryingandbaking.(它可以帮助防止寒冷伤害他们的器官。这三种食物的阳气是通过它们的烹饪方法来增强的：煮、炒、烤)”可知，本句说明吃羊肉和红薯是因为属于阳性食物。故G选项“根据中国的传统，人们吃含有更多阳气的食物”符合语境，故选G。【18题详析】根据上文“AnotherimportanttraditionalfoodforMinorColdisLabaporridge.(小寒另一种重要的传统食物是腊八粥)”可知，本句承接上文，说明腊八粥是用什么制作的。故C选项“它是由20多种坚果、谷物和干果制成的”符合语境，故选C。【19题详析】根据本段内容“PeopleinNanjingusedtotakeMinorColdquiteseriously,andtheystillkeepacustomofeatingvegetablericetocelebratethissolarterm.Thericeissteamedwithaijiaohuang,sausageandsaltedduckthatareallthespecialtiesinNanjing.(南京人过去很重视小寒，他们仍然保留着吃蔬菜饭来庆祝这个节气的习俗。米饭是用南京的特色菜艾椒黄、香肠和咸鸭肉蒸的)”可知，本段主要介绍了南京蔬菜饭，故B选项“品尝南京蔬菜饭”符合语境，故选B。【20题详析】根据后文“Manypeopleneedthemtopreparenewmedicines,whichwillbeconsumedbeforetheLunarNewYear.(许多人需要他们来准备新的药物，这些药物将在农历新年前被消耗掉)”可知，后文提到了人们需要某些人来准备新的药物，可推测是医疗方面的人员。故D选项“小寒也是医生和药房最忙的时候”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Nothingwilleverbethesameagain”,Allysaidtoherself.Ally’sfatherdiedlastsummer.Itwasn’tfair,Allythought.Dadwasyoungandhadneverbeen____21____.Whyhadhisheartsuddenlystopped?Ally____22____slowlyintoherfather’sfavoritechairandlookedathispictureonthebookcase.Allysmiled,“Imissyou,Dads”.Shefeltahand____23____herhairandlookedup.“Whydon’tyoucomeoutsidewithme,Ally?”hermotherasked.“Thebirdsare____24____inthewoods.Bythistimelastyear,you’dalreadytakendozensofpictures.”Buthermothermustknow____25____wouldn’tbethesamethisyear.Howcoulditbe?Ally____26____.Eversinceshecouldremember,sheandDadhadbeena____27____,searchingthewoodsforthespecialwoodwarbler(林莺).“I’llbeoutinawhile,”sheanswered.Afterhermotherleft,AllyreachedforthephotoalbumsheandDadhadputtogether.Onthecoverwasaphotoofatinyyellow____28____withblue-graywingsandblackeyes.Dadcutitfromalocalnewspaper.Allysmiled,rememberingthe____29____lookonDad’sfacewhenheshowedhertheprettybird.“Ican’tbelievesomeone____30____thislittleguywayuphereinNewJersey,”hesaid.“Woodwarblersareusuallyfoundinthesouth,notthisfarnorth.Ibetifwesearch____31____,Ally,we’llseethislittleguytogethersomeday.”Allyclosedhereyes.ShelovedthinkingaboutthetimessheandDadhadspentsearchingthe____32____forthelittlebird.They’dneverspottedthewarbler,butherfatherhadanamazingwayofmakingeachoutingseem____33____.Hewasherbestfriend,andwhentheyweretogether,Allyfeltcomfortable,asshedidwhenshe____34____herfavoritebluesweatshirt.IfonlyIcouldgetthatgoodfeelingback,shethought,____35____.21.A.absent B.sick C.puzzled D.afraid22.A.broke B.drowned C.fell D.sank23.A.pulling B.cutting C.smoothing D.tearing24.A.crying B.fighting C.arguing D.nesting25.A.bird-watching B.paper-cutting C.animal-hunting D.book-reading26.A.wondered B.shouted C.ordered D.insisted27.A.family B.organization C.team D.system28.A.leaf B.bird C.girl D.chick29.A.excited B.embarrassed C.confused D.sad30.A.killed B.caught C.spotted D.chased31.A.carefully B.unintentionally C.immediately D.slowly32.A.room B.woods C.newspaper D.bookcase33.A.ordinary B.boring C.special D.tiring34.A.tookoff B.puton C.putaway D.talkedabout35.A.jumping B.screaming C.laughing D.sighing【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.A26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.A32.B33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。艾丽的父亲意外去世，这让艾丽非常忧伤，深深地怀念和父亲一起在树林里寻找林莺的感觉。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸很年轻，从来没有生过病。A.absent缺席的；B.sick生病的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.afraid害怕的。根据后文“Whyhadhisheartsuddenlystopped?(为什么他的心脏突然停止了跳动？)”可知，此处是指从来没有生过病。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾丽慢慢地坐到父亲最喜欢的椅子上，看着书架上父亲的照片。A.broke打破；B.drowned淹没于；C.fell掉落；D.sank坐下。根据“slowlyintoherfather’sfavoritechair”可知，此处是指慢慢地坐到父亲最喜欢的椅子上。故选D。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她感到一只手在抚平她的头发，于是抬起头来。A.pulling拉；B.cutting切，割；C.smoothing抚平；D.tearing撕碎。根据“herhairandlookedup”可知，此处是指她感到一只手在抚平她的头发。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿正在树林里筑巢。A.crying哭喊；B.fighting打架；C.arguing争论；D.nesting筑巢。根据“Thebird”和“inthewoods”可知，此处是指鸟儿正在树林里筑巢。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是她的妈妈一定知道今年的观鸟不会和以前一样了。A.bird-watching观鸟；B.paper-cutting剪纸；C.animal-hunting动物捕猎；D.book-reading读书。根据前文“Bythistimelastyearyou’dalreadytakendozensofpictures.(在去年这个时候，你已经拍了几十张照片了。)”可知，此处是指今年的观鸟不会和以前一样了。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾丽想。A.wondered想知道，琢磨；B.shouted大喊；C.ordered命令；D.insisted坚持。根据前文“Howcoulditbe?(这怎么可能？)”可知，此处是指艾丽心想。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从她记事起，她和爸爸就组成了一个团队，在树林里寻找特殊的林莺。A.family家庭；B.organization组织；C.team团队；D.system系统。根据“sheandDadhadbeena”可知，此处是指她和爸爸组成了一个团队。故选C。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：封面上是一只长着蓝灰色翅膀和黑色眼睛的小黄鸟的照片。A.leaf叶子；B.bird鸟；C.girl女孩；D.chick小鸡。根据后文“whenheshowedhertheprettybird(当他给她看那只漂亮的鸟时)”可知，此处是指封面上是一只小黄鸟的照片。故选B。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艾丽笑了，想起爸爸给她看那只漂亮的小鸟时脸上兴奋的表情。A.excited兴奋的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.confused困惑的；D.sad悲伤的。根据“whenheshowedhertheprettybird”可知，此处是指爸爸给她看那只漂亮的小鸟时脸上兴奋的表情。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不敢相信有人在新泽西发现了这只小家伙。”他说。A.killed杀死；B.caught抓住；C.spotted发现；D.chased追逐。根据后文“Woodwarblersareusuallyfoundinthesouth,notthisfarnorth.(林莺通常出没于南方，而不是如此遥远的北方。)”可知，此处是指不敢相信有人在新泽西发现了这只小鸟。故选C。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：艾丽，我打赌如果我们仔细寻找，总有一天我们会一起看到这个小家伙。A.carefully仔细地；B.unintentionally无意地；C.immediately立即；D.slowly缓慢地。根据“we’llseethislittleguytogethersomeday”可知，此处是指如果仔细寻找。故选A。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢回忆起她和爸爸在树林里搜寻小鸟的时光。A.room房间；B.woods树林；C.newspaper报纸；D.bookcase书柜。根据“forthelittlebird”可知，此处是指在树林里搜寻小鸟。故选B。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们从来没有发现过这种莺，但她的父亲有一种神奇的方式，让每次外出都显得很特别。A.ordinary普通的；B.boring令人感到无聊的；C.special特别的；D.tiring令人厌倦的。根据“butherfatherhadanamazingwayofmakingeachoutingseem”可知，此处是指让每次外出都显得很特别。故选C。【34题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他是她最好的朋友，当他们在一起时，艾丽感到很舒服，就像她穿上她最喜欢的蓝色运动衫时一样。A.tookoff起飞；B.puton穿戴；C.putaway收起；D.talkedabout谈论。根据“whentheyweretogether,Allyfeltcomfortable”可知，此处是指就像她穿上她最喜欢的蓝色运动衫时一样。故选B。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：是我能找回那种美好的感觉就好了，她想，叹了口气。A.jumping跳跃；B.screaming尖叫；C.laughing大笑；D.sighing叹气。根据“IfonlyIcouldgetthatgoodfeelingback”可知，此处是指她叹了口气。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenmyfriendfirstsuggestedthatwejointhenewTaiChiClubatschool,Ihesitated.Ialwaysbelievedtaichi____36____waspopularallaroundtheworldwasonlyforoldpeople.Afterthe____37____(one)class,however,IhadtoadmitthatIhadbeenwrongabouttaichi.Itwasamazing!Oneyearlater,Icanhonestlysayithasaffectedmephysicallyand____38____(mental).Justasimportantly,practisingtaichihasinspiredme____39____(explore)theChineseculturebehindit.After____40____(learn)thebasicsoftaichi,Ifoundthatsometaichimoves____41____(name)afteranimalandIhadtodothesamemovesoverandoveragain.Luckily,mycoachtaughtmehowtorelaxmymuscleandfocus____42____peaceofmindwhileperformingtheroutine.Withtheserequirementsoftaichiinmind,Ifoundtomy____43____(satisfy)thatmybalanceandflexibilityslowlyimproved,thatIwasabletodomoredifficultmoves,andthatmylovefortaichireturned____44____(strong)thanever.Ayearofpractisingtaichihashad_____45_____positiveeffectonmyeverydaylife.Isleepbetteratnight,andIammoreenergeticduringtheday.IamsureIwillcontinuetopractisetaichiandenjoythebenefitsithasbroughtme.【答案】36.which/that37.first38.mentally39.toexplore40.learning41.werenamed42.on43.satisfaction44.stronger45.a【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者练习太极，身心都得到了积极影响。【36题详析】考查定语从句。句意：我一直认为全世界流行的太极拳只适合老年人。定语从句修饰先行词taichi，在从句作主语，指物，应用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。【37题详析】考查序数词。句意：然而，上完第一节课后，我不得不承认我对太极的认识是错误的。此处表示“第一节课”应用序数词first修饰名词class。故填first。【38题详析】考查副词。句意