新编大学英语（第四版）综合教程B4U3（浙江海洋大学版）课件 B4U3 The muse within music Reading 2

COLLEGEENGLISH新编大学英语第四版综合教程4UnitThe

muse

within

music3ZHEJIANGOCEANUNIVERSITYFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSCoverReading2目录contents新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadTextexploration

ReadandthinkReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateContentsReading2目录contents新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadReadandthinkTextexplorationReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateContents-GetreadytoreadReading2Get

readytoreadJazzisamusicgenrethatoriginatedintheAfrican-AmericancommunitiesofNewOrleans,Louisiana,inthelate19thandearly20thcenturies.Jazzisaboutmakingsomethingfamiliarintosomethingfresh,andaboutmakingsomethingsharedintosomethingpersonal.Watchavideoclipaboutjazzandanswerthequestionswithinformationfromthevideoclip.新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Watchforinformation

WatchforinformationReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadWatchforinformation

1.Whyisimprovisationimportantforjazz?Itisoneofthe1)_______________ofthismusicgenre.2.Whataresomeoftheguidingprinciplesofimprovisation?2)_______________

withavailableresources.Playingaroundwith3)___________.Embellishing4)____________ofapiece.Infusingwhatyouplaywithyour5)__________________________.definingfeaturesMakingupmusictherhythmthemelodyfeelinganduniquepersonalityReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Get

readytoreadWatchforinformation

3.Howdoesimprovisationbenefitajazzband?Itbuildsrelationshipsamongbandmembersandhelpsthemtotalkand6)_____________________duringaperformance.4.Whathappenswhenabandimprovises?Whenthesoloistexperimentswiththemelodyandchangestherhythm,thepieceofmusicbecomes7)________________________.Byjoiningthesoloist,theband8)_________withthemelodyandprovidesarhythmicandharmonicfoundation.interactsexpresstheirpersonalitiesmorefunandmorepersonalReading2Get

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3WatchanddiscussWorkingroupsanddiscussthequestions.Whatimpressesyouthemostabouttheperformanceyou’vejustseen?Besidesaddingfuntothecreationofjazz,improvisationisalsoanimportantskillinoureverydaylife.Whataresomedaily-lifescenarioswhichmayrequireimprovisation?WatchanddiscussReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Sampleanswer:Get

readytoread1.Obviously,themusicianshipofeveryoneintheband,especiallyoftheyoungsaxophoneplayer,isquiteimpressive.ButwhatIfoundmostimpressiveabouttheperformanceishowseamlesstheband’simprovisationis.Everythinghappenssoorganically.Itisasiftheysharesomekindof“secretlanguage,”whichallowsthemtomakemusicinsuchaspontaneousandreal-timeway.Itislikeaconversationwhereeveryoneknowsexactlywhentospeak,whentolisten,andwhattosay.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Sampleanswer:

Get

readytoread2.Sincelifedoesnothappenaccordingtoascript,thereareplentyofscenariosinwhichwewillneedtoimprovise.Forexample,ifafriendarrivesunannouncedaroundthelunchhour,Iwillprobablyprepareamealonthespot,

usingwhateverIcanfindinthecupboard.Inthatcase,Iwillbeimprovisingameal.IfIamcaughtintherainunexpectedly,Imightimprovisebycoveringmyheadwithaplasticbag.Asstudents,wearesometimesaskedquestionsthatwedonotanticipate.Ouranswersaredrivenbywhatwehavebeentalkingaboutandthenatureofthequestion,buttheyarealsoimprovisationalinnature.Thelistcangoonandon,whichreallyshowswhatavitalroleimprovisationplaysinourlives.Reading2目录contents新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3ReadandthinkReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateTextexploration

GetreadytoreadContents-TextexplorationReading2TextexplorationPre-readingquestionsStructure

VocabularyBackgroundinformationTextreadingTextexploration-contentsReading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingVocabularyPre-readingquestionsStructureTextexploration-BackgroundinforReading2TextexplorationJohnColtrane(1926-1967)wasanAmericanjazzsaxophonist,bandleaderandcomposer.Knownforhisinnovativetechniquesandprofoundimpactonthegenre,hepushedtheboundariesofjazzandexplorednewmusicalterritorieswithhiswork.Decadesafterhisdeath,Coltraneremainsinfluentialandhasreceivednumerousposthumousawards.新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3BackgroundinformationBackgroundinformationReading2TextexplorationMilesDavis(1926-1991)wasanAmericanjazztrumpeter,bandleader,andcomposer.Heiswidelyconsideredoneofthemostinfluentialandinnovativefiguresinthehistoryofjazzand20th-centurymusic.Throughouthiscareer,Daviswasattheforefrontofseveralmajordevelopmentsinjazzmusic,includingbebop,cooljazz,modaljazz,andjazzfusion.新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationTextreadingVocabularyBackgroundinformationStructurePre-readingquestions新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Reading2Textexploration-Pre-readingReading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Pre-readingquestionsWhatdoyoulikeordislikeaboutjazzmusic?Doyoubelievethatcreativityisanatural-borntalent?Pre-readingquestionsReading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Sample

answer

toquestion

1:Jazzmusicjustspeakstomysoullikenothingelse.Thepassionandemotionthatthemusiciansputintotheirperformancesreallyresonateswithme.WhenIhearadeep,soulfulsaxophonesoloorapowerfultrumpetriff,it’slikeallmyworriesmeltawayandI’mtransportedtoanotherworld.Jazzispuremagic.OliviaEthanI’mnotafanofjazzmusicbecauseIfindittoochaoticanddisorganized.Theimprovisationandconstantchangesintempomakeithardformetofollowalongandenjoythemusic.IprefermorestructuredgenreslikeclassicalorpopwhereIknowwhattoexpect.Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Sample

answertoquestion2:Yeah,Ithinksomepeoplearejustbornwithcreativity.Youknow,likethosekidswhocandrawamazingpicturesorcomeupwithcoolstorieswithoutmucheffort.It’sliketheyhaveanaturalgift.Nomatterhowmucheffortyouputin,youcan’tcatchupwiththem.Ibelievecreativitycanbedevelopedovertime.Ifyoupracticeandexposeyourselftodifferentexperiences,youcandefinitelybecomemorecreative.Asforme,Iwasn’tverycreativeasakid,butasIgrewolderandtriednewthings,Ibecamemorecreative.It’snotjustsomethingyou’rebornwith;it’ssomethingyoucanworkon.SophiaMaxReading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingPre-readingquestionsStructureVocabularyText-exploration-StructureReading2Structure新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationPart1(Paras.1-2)Part2(Paras.3-4)Part3(Paras.5-7)Part4(Paras.8-12)Part5(Paras.13-15)StructureBLimb’sstudyfoundthatwhenjazzmusiciansimprovised,theirbrainswereinaspecialfunctionalstate.Improvisationisimportanttojazzmusiciansandilluminatingtoneuroscientists.Improvisationalcreativityisnotexclusivetothearts,andwecanlookforwaystoimproviseinourdailylife.Adecade’sstudyinthefieldofimprovisationalneurosciencehasenrichedourunderstandingofimprovisationandcreativity.CharlesLimbbelievesstudyingthecreativeprocessinjazzimprovisationholdsthekeytounlockingthesecrettoanykindofcreation.CDAEReading2Detailedunderstanding新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationStructureReadthepassageagainanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Inhisstudy,Limbhadonegroupofmusiciansplayamemorizedsongandtheothergroupimprovise.Peoplewhoareveryself-consciousmayfindithardtoimprovise.ManystudieshavebeenconductedandconfirmedLimb’sfindings.Althoughbothsidesofthebrainareintimatelyinvolvedincreativity,therightsideplaysamoredominantroleintheprocess.FTTFReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationStructureThebestimprovisersarethosewhodonotfeeltheneedtohonetheskillofimprovisation.The2018studyfoundmusiciansaccustomedtofollowingwhatwaswrittenhaddifficultydevelopingtheabilitytoimprovise.Whenathletesare“inthezone,”theytakeshotsusingtheirinstincts.AnthonyVenezialeusesthe“yes”daytotrainhisdaughtertoimprovise.FFTTReading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreadingText-exploration-TextreadingReading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3

1.Fingersgrazeakeyboard,poisedtoplay.Atrumpetrisestothelips.Drumsticksperchintheair.Whatcomesnext?Nooneknows.Thebeautyofjazzisthewayimprovisationisentwinedwithart,eachinstrumentcapableofhijackingthemelodyandreinventingitinwaysthemusicianisn’tevencognizantof.OrastrumpeterMilesDavisputit,“I’llplayitandtellyouwhatitislater.”2.CharlesLimbhasafarmorescientificdescription:“That’snotjustphenomenal

music.That’sphenomenalneurobiology.”JazzyourbrainsReading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit33.AneuroscientistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,andanaccomplishedjazzmusician,Limbhaslongbeenfascinatedbythegenesisofcreativity.Improvisationaljazz,hebelieves,isessentiallypurecreationinaction.It’swhatcanhappenwhenthebrainisfreedfromtheshackles

ofcommonrulesandsimplyinvents.“Ihadalwaysintuitivelyunderstoodthatthecreativeprocessinjazzimprovisationisverydifferentfromtheprocessofmemorization,”heexplains.“Whenyouheargreatjazz,likeJohnColtraneorMilesDavis,ithasthisjaw-droppingqualitytoit,andwhat’sbeendescribedas‘asoundofsurprise’takesplace.Andyouthinktoyourself,‘Wow.’”Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit34.So,Limblookedforawaytostudywhathappensinthebrainwhenitturnsinspirationintocreation.Findtherightkey,hebelieved,andsciencecouldonedayunlockthesecrettoanykindofcreation,whetherit’sartisticorsomethingmoreordinary,suchasabettersolutionfororganizingyourday.5.Toseewhetherhecouldquantify

theseeminglyineffablewaythebraincreates,Limbaskedjazzmusicianstoplayamemorizedsong,andtheirbrainswerescannedwithfunctionalMRI.Thenthemusicianswerescannedwhiletheywereriffingtocomparethedifferences.Theresults,publishedin2008,wereilluminating.Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit36.Whilethemusiciansimprovised,thepartofthebrainthatallowshumanstoexpressthemselves—themedialprefrontalcortex—becamemoreactive.Atthesametime,thepartofthebrainresponsibleforself-inhibitionandcontrol,thedorsolateralprefrontalcortex,becamedormant.7.Inotherwords,inordertoimprovisesuccessfully,themusiciansneededtodeactivatethepartoftheirbrainsresponsibleforself-monitoring,Limbsays.“Ifyou’retooself-conscious,it’sveryhardtobefreecreatively.”Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit38.Jazzmusiciansaren’ttheonlyfolkswhosebrainsshowuniquesignsofcreativityunleashed.Inthepastdecade,thefieldofimprovisationalneurosciencehasexpandedtopeerinsidethebrainsofrappers,classicalmusicians,stand-upcomedians,caricatureartists,writers,andevenso-calleddivergentthinkers(peoplewhoareexcellentatthinkingontheirfeet).9.Thesestudiesconsistentlyshowadifferencebetweenpeople’sbrainswhentheyareimprovisingandwhentheyarenot.“Sowe’requiteconvinced,”Limbnotes,“thatthestateofcreativityisadifferentfunctionalbrainstate,andit’smeasurable.”Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit310.Oneofthemythsresearchershavedisprovedwasthattheso-called“right-brained”peoplearemorecreative,whilethe“left-brained”peoplearemoreanalytical.Infact,ananalysisofthebrainactivityofmorethan1,000peoplerevealedthatnoonehasadominantsideofthebrain;everyoneusesthenetworksinboththeleftandtherightsides,andbothsidesofthebrainareintimatelyinvolvedincreativityandchange.Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit311.Anotherdisprovedmythisthattheabilitytocreateontheflyisatalentonlycertainpeoplehave,andtheyhaveitfrombirth.Rather,researchfindsthatthebestimprovisersarethosewhohavehonedtheirskilloverhundredsofhoursofpractice.RexJung,aprofessorofneurosurgeryatTheUniversityofNewMexicowhostudiesaptitude,intelligence,andcreativity,explains,“Themoretimeyoudevotetodevelopingaskillset,themorerawmaterialyouhavetodrawonandtheeasieritistoimprovise.”Themorepaintingsyouhavedone,thefasteryoucanidentifywhichcolorswillmixwell.Themorejokesyouhavetold,theeasieritistoknowwhichpunchlineswilldrawthemostlaughs.Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit312.Moreover,althoughitseemsalittlecounterintuitive,improvisationitselfisaskillthatyoucanimprovewithpractice.Ina2018studyatColumbiaUniversity,researchersshowedthatmusicianswhoregularlypracticedimprovisationwerebetteratitthanmusicianswhowereaccustomed

tojustfollowingwhatwaswritten.Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit313.Sciencehasalsodemonstratedthatimprovisationalcreativityisnotexclusivetothearts.Limbsaysthatthe“ideaofrespondingtosomethingthatwedidn’tanticipatehappeningisafundamentalattributeofwhatitmeanstobehuman.Humansarehard-wiredtocreate.”ThecreativebrainstatethatLimbhasdocumentedinmusicians,comedians,andartistsissimilartothatofathletes“inthezone”whoturnofftheself-monitoringpartoftheirbrainsandusetheirinstinctsinanuninhibitedwaytodecidewhichshotstotake.Thismindsetisalsowhatweemployindailylifetodealwiththeunexpected.Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Facedwithadelayedsubwaytrain,forinstance,wemightdecidetowalkortakethebus.Or,realizingthatwe’reoutoflemonswhilecooking,wemightsubstitute

alime—orsomethingelse.14.“Everyoneiscreative;it’sjustamatterofdegree,”saysJung.“Wehavethisprototypicalideaofartisticcreativity,butwearecreativeinourrelationships,ourwork,ourcooking,orevenarrangingourhomesinadifferentway.”Reading2Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit315.Totrainyourbraintothinkcreatively,then,lookforwaystoimproviseinyourdailylife.ImprovcomedianAnthonyVenezialepracticesthiswithhisdaughterbygivinghera“yes”day.Foroneday,aslongasshedoesn’thurtanyone,theywilldoanythingshewants:Haveicecreamforbreakfast,buildasandcastleinwinter,orgobug-huntinginalocalpark.Thissortofexerciseisjustasimportanttoyourhealthasthephysicalkind.Limbnotesthat“thecreativebrainisagenerallymoreactivatedbrainthananoncreativeone”—andanactivatedbrainisgenerallybetterabletowardoffforgetfulness,absent-mindedness,andevendementia.Reading2TextexplorationBackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreadingText-exploration-VocabularyReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationVocabulary1.entwine

v.1)(be~d[withsth.])becloselyconnectedwithsth.inacomplicatedway（与某事物）紧密联系在一起e.g.Talesofdaringadventuresandgreatdeedsareentwinedwithideasofheroism.2)twisttwothingstogetherorwindonethingaroundanother（使）交错；（使）缠绕e.g.Thepicturecapturesdancersinatender,entwinedembrace,embodyingstrengthandelegance.Word-1entwineReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration一位经验丰富的历史学家能够将他的史料与来自其他多方面的信息相互印证。这张照片拍摄到的是紧紧拥抱在一起的一对恋人。Word-1sypr•Practice:Askilledhistorianisabletoentwinehisinventorymaterialwithevidencegatheredfromavarietyofothersources.Thepicturecapturesthetwoloverswiththeirarmsentwined.•Synonyms:twist,surround,embrace,weaveReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration2.hijack

vt.1)takecontrolofsth.anduseitforyourownpurposes控制；操纵e.g.Heresentsthewayhisideashavebeenhijackedbyothersinthedepartment.2)useviolenceorthreatstotakecontrolofaplane,vehicle,orship劫持（飞机、车辆或船）e.g.TwomenhijackedajettravelingtoParis,promptingaswiftpoliceresponse.Word-2hijackReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration尽管托尼试图操控会议，但他的老板迅速将会议引回正轨。周一，一艘载有26名船员的化学品船被海盗劫持。Word-2pr•Practice:Thoughhetriedtohijackthemeeting,Tony’sbossquicklysteeredtheconferencebackinapositivedirection.Achemicaltankerwith26crewwashijackedbypiratesonMonday.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration3.phenomenal

a.verygreatorimpressive极大的；非凡的；惊人的e.g.Theleisuresectorhasexperiencedphenomenalgrowthoverthelastfewyears.Word-3phenomenalsyre•Synonyms:extraordinary,outstanding,remarkable,fantastic•Relatedwords:phenomenonphenomenaphenomenallyphenomenologyn.现象；奇人；奇事n.(pl.)

现象；奇人；奇事ad.现象上地；明白地；从感官认识到n.现象学；现象论Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-3pr•Practice:Fillintheblankswithphenomenon,phenomenal,phenomenallyorphenomenology.Theperformanceshavebeenabsolutely___________.Thisdiscoverymadehimabolishtheideaof______________eventually.Doyoubelieveintheparanormalandotherpsychic___________?Thegrouphavebeen____________successfulinEurope.phenomenonphenomenalphenomenologyphenomenallyReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration4.neuroscientist

n.

[C]ascientistwhostudiesthenervoussystemandthebrain神经科学家e.g.Neuroscientistsareabletorecordthefiringofasinglenervecell.Word-4neuroscientist•Wordbuilding:Theprefix“neuro-”

isusedtoformwordsthatreferorrelatetoanerveorthenervoussystem.eg.Neuroscientistsareabletorecordthefiringofasinglenervecell.eg.aneuromusculardisorderReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-4repr-todo•Relatedwords:neuronneurologicalneuroscience【解剖】神经元，神经单位神经科学n.n.a.神经病学的，神经学上的•Practice:神经科学的发现对法律可能会产生深远的影响。Discoveriesinneurosciencemayalsohaveprofoundlegalimplications.研究表明，有氧运动可以重塑大脑，促进新神经元的生长。Researchhasshownthataerobicexerciseremodelsthebrain,promptingthegrowthofnewneurons.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration5.shackle

n.(~s)[pl.]1)sth.thatpreventsyoufromdoingwhatyouwanttodo枷锁；桎梏e.g.Theseprogramsweredesignedtoremovetheshacklessothateverychildcouldreachthestartinglineonanequalfooting.2)apairofmetalringsconnectedbyachainandfastenedtoaperson’swristsorthebottomoftheirlegstopreventthemfromescaping镣铐e.g.HereleasedtheheavymetalshacklesthatboundBilly’shands,settinghimfree.Word-5shackleReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-5pr他太年轻了，不能用家庭的责任来束缚自己。囚犯用锤子打破了枷锁并逃跑了。•Practice:He’stooyoungtoshacklehimselfwiththeresponsibilitiesofafamily.Theprisonerbroketheshacklewithahammerandescaped.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration6.quantify

vt.calculatethevalueofsth.andexpressitasanumberoranamount测定…的数量；用数量表示；量化e.g.Theresearchshouldhelpquantifythedifferencesbetweenolderandyoungerdrivers.Word-6quantifyquantity

n.量，数目quantitativea.数量的；定量的aquantityof大量的e.g.Thefactoryhadaccidentallyreleasedaquantityoftoxicwasteintothesea.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationBothcanbeusedinscientificresearch.Quantitativedataisnumbers-based,countable,ormeasurable.Quantitativedatatellsushowmany,howmuch,orhowoftenincalculations.Qualitativedataisinterpretation-based,descriptive,andrelatingtolanguage.Qualitativedatacanhelpustounderstandwhy,how,orwhathappenedbehindcertainbehaviors.Word-6dif…ph•Differentiate“quantitative”and“qualitative”:•Phrases:quantitativeresearchqualitativeresearch定量研究定性研究Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-6

pr我们需要对运动与健康之间的积极和消极方面的相对大小进行更多定量研究。在定性研究中，通常很难确定结果是否有效且可靠。•Practice:Weneedmorequantitativeresearchintotherelativesizeofthesepositiveandnegativeaspectsofthesport-healthconnection.Inqualitativeresearch,itisoftenhardtodeterminewhetherornottheresultsarebothvalidandreliable.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration7.illuminating

a.makingthingsmuchclearerandeasiertounderstand使清楚易懂的；富于启发的e.g.Blake’sachievementissignificant,producingunderstandabletheoriesandilluminatinganalyseswithinsuchashortbook.Word-7illuminatingsyre•Synonyms:informative;enlightening•Relatedwords:illuminateilluminatedilluminationilluminativ.

照射，照亮；阐明，解释a.

照亮的；被照明的；装饰华丽的n.

光亮，照明；启迪，阐明n.

自称睿智的人；上层人士Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-7

pr•Practice:Fillintheblankswithilluminate,illuminating,illuminationorilluminati.Theonly___________camefromasmallwindowhighintheoppositewall.Theblackskywas___________byforkedlightning.Thebookisfullof____________detailonthecausesofthewar.Thereseemstobeasubtexttothispassage,intendedforthe__________only.illuminationilluminatedilluminatingilluminatiReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration8.dormant

a.notactiveornotgrowingatthepresenttimebutabletobeactivelater蛰伏的；休眠的e.g.Hertalentmighthavelaindormanthaditnotbeenforheraunt’sencouragement.Word-8dormantsyph•Phrases:dormantvolcanodormantcompanydormantaccountdormantstate休眠火山休眠公司休眠账户休眠状态•Synonyms:latent,inactive,quiescentReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-8pr•Practice:蛹（pupae）在土壤中保持休眠状态，直到冬天成为成虫。这座火山在休眠了几个世纪之后爆发了。Thepupaeremaindormantinthesoiluntiltheyemergeasadultmothsinthewinter.Thevolcanoeruptedaftercenturiesofdormancy.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration9.analytical

a.(alsoanalytic)thinkingaboutthingsinadetailedandintelligentway,sothatyoucanexamineandunderstandthings头脑周密的；条分缕析的e.g.Somestudentshaveamoreanalyticalapproachtolearning.Word-9analytical•Relatedwords:analysisanalyze(analyse)analytic(analytical)analyticallyn.分析v.分析；分解a.分析的，分析性的ad.分析地；解析地Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-9

pr•Practice:2007年的文献综述分析了过去40年13个国家的24项研究，涵盖771个案例。然而，分析性阅读需要高度集中注意力。A2007literaturereviewanalyzed24studiesin13countriesoverthepast40years,covering771cases.Analyticalreadingrequiresgoodlevelsofconcentration,however.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration10.aptitude

n.

[C,U]naturalabilityorskill,esp.inlearning（尤指学习方面的）天资，天赋e.g.Ourpolicyistorecruitatlowerlevelsandtrainthosewhoshowaptitudeformanagement.Word-10aptitude•Phrases:aptitudetestacademicaptitudenaturalaptituden.能力倾向测试n.学术能力n.天赋Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-10

pr•Practice:在获得这份工作之前，她必须参加能力倾向测试。有些学生比其他学生更有学术工作的能力。Shehadtotake/do/sitanaptitudetestbeforeshegotthejob.Somestudentshavemoreaptitudeforacademicworkthanothers.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration11.accustomed1)a.(be~to[doing]sth.)befamiliarwithsth.andacceptitasnormal习惯于（做）某事e.g.Thestudentsquicklybecameaccustomedtohisratherdisorganizedwayofdeliveringlectures.

2)v.tomakesomeonefamiliarwithnewconditions使习惯于e.g.Theteamhasaccustomeditselftothepaceoffirstdivisionrugby.Word-11accustomed•Phrases:beaccustomed/usedto习惯于…Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-11

pr•Practice:莎士比亚让我们习见了同一场戏目中的悲喜交错。没有人愿意与一个习惯于食言的人打交道。Shakespearehasaccustomedustoamixtureofhumorandtragedyinthesameplay.Noonewishestodealwithapersonwhoisaccustomedtobreakinghisword.Reading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Textexploration12.substitute1)vt.usesth.newordifferentinsteadofsth.else用（新的或不同的事物）代替e.g.Iusethatrecipebutsubstitutewheat-freeflourforregularflour.2)n.[C]apersonorthingactingorservinginplaceofanother代替者；代替物e.g.Theprintedwordisnosubstituteforapersonaldiscussionwithagreatthinker.Word-12substituteReading2新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationWord-12pr•Practice:而且，不仅是货币被取代，整个阶级制度和经济生活也发生了彻底的转变。这些级别的许多职业很容易被人工智能大规模取代。Moreover,notonlywasthecoinagesubstituted,

butalsothewholeclasssystemandeconomiclifeunderwentatotaltransformation.Manyoftheprofessionsthroughouttheselevelsarevulnerabletowholesalesubstitutionbyartificialintelligence.Reading2目录contents新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3TextexplorationReadandpractice

ReadandtranslateReadandthinkGetreadytoreadContents-ReadandthinkReading2Readandthink新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3I.ThecharmofimprovisationsStep1:

Accordingtothefindingsoftheneurobiologicalresearchonimprovisation,whatmademusicianssuchasJohnColtraneandMilesDavissogoodatimprovisation?Reading2Readandthink新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit3Sampleanswer:Accordingtothepassage,greatjazzmusicianssuchasJohnColtraneandMilesDavismustbethekindofpeoplewhoareabletodeactivatethedorsolateralprefrontalcortex,whichisresponsibleforself-inhibitionandcontrol.Meanwhile,themedialprefrontalcortexintheirbrainsmustbequiteactive,asthispartofthebrainallowshumanstoexpressthemselves.Inaddition,sinceimprovisationisaskillthatcanbeimprovedwithpractice,theymusthavehonedthisskilloverhundreds,maybeeventhousandsofhoursofpractice.Inaword,b