2022-2023学年湖南省长沙某中学高三（上）月考英语试卷（四）（附答案详解）

2022.2023学年湖南省长沙一中高三（上）月考英语试卷（四）

Children'sLiterature-ResearchTips：FindingInformationonAuthors

Yourauthorstudyrequiresyoutowrite,inatleast3pages,asummaryofwhattheauthorhaswritten,

howtheworkshavebeenreceived,whatawardstheauthorhasbeengiven,aswellasanyconnectionsyou

havemadebyreadingmuchoftheauthor'spublishedbooks.

Belowisalistofplacestofindsuchinformation.Youwillhavemostsuccesswiththeitems,ifyoulook

atthemintheordertheyarclisted.

■

Providesbiographicalinformation,summariesofworks,bookreviews,andliterarycriticism.Onceyou

havecompletedyoursearch,besuretolookatallthetabs(标签)thataredisplayed.Youcanalso

change/narrowyoursearchbyusingthelinksontheleftsideofthescreen.

■

YoumayfindmanyofthesameresourcesinthisdatabaseasyoufoundinLiteratureResourceCenter.The

twodatabasesareproducedbythesamecompany.However,(hereisenoughdifferentinformationthatil

isworthchecking.

Again,enteryourauthor'sname,lastnamefirst,likethis：Erdrich,Louise.

■

Searchbyyourauthor'sname*lastnamefirst,likethis：crdrich,louisc.

Theresultswillbepresentedwithtabsacrossthe(op.Selectthe"Biographies"lab.

1.Whyistheaboveinformationgiven?

A.Tohelpreadersleamsomewritingskills.

B.Tohelpreadersknowmoreaboutawriter.

C.Tohelpreaderscollectalltheworksofacertainwriter.

D.Tohelpreadersknowpeople'sreviewsaboutaliterarywork.

2.WhatcanwcdoatLiteratureResourceCenter?

A.Writebookreviews.

B.Downloadliteraryworks.

C.Findmasterpiecesofartists.

D.Learnaboutthesummaryofabook.

3.Whereistheaboveinformationfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Sciencefiction.

C.Awehpage.D.Aresearchpaper.

HoursbeforethesunrisesoverVan,acityinthefareastofTurkey,preparationsarealreadyundenvay

forthemostimportantmealoftheday.By5a.ni.♦thescentofoven-hotflatbreadandfreshTurkishtea

hasbeenwafting（飘荡）acrossKahvalticilarQar§isi-Van'sfamous"BreakfastStreet".

"Thereisnothingexceptbreakfastduringthedayhere,"saysKenanCoskun,who,alongwithhisbrother,

runsSlitgiKenan,oneoftheoldestbreakfastjointsinthecity.Thebreakfastcancontainupto30different

dishes,andoftenhasaheavyemphasisontheprizeddairyproducefromnearbylivestock.

TheoriginsofVan'sbreakfastculturearethesubjectofdebate.AccordingtoAylinOneyTan,oneof

Turkey'sleadingfoodwriters,itemergedinthemid-20thcenturyasfarmersfromthenearbyvillages

wouldbringtheirproducetothecity'sbusstationsearlyinthemorningfbrsale.OtherspointtoVan's

locationontheSilkRoad>anancienttraderoutelinkingtheWesternworldwiththeMiddleEastandAsia

thatwouldhavesuppliedaconstantflowofhungrytravelers.

ButlocalssaythemoremodernhistoryofVanbreakfastcancertainlybelinkedtothedevelopmentof

so-called“milkhouses"-whichwouldserveearlymorningmealsofmilk，cheeseandbreadtothosedoing

physicalworknearby-inthel940s.Su（?iiKenan,whichtranslatesinTurkishas"MilkmanKenan",was

itselfbpenedbyCoskun'sgreat-grandfatherKenanasamilkhousein1946.

AwayfromBreakfastStreet,BakHeleBak,whichwasfoundedin1975,isanotherrestaurantinthe

oldtraditionofmilkhouses."Oursisaplacecomingfrommilkhouseculture,"saysYusufKonak,the

talkative67-ycar-oldowncr."Wchaveallkindsofcustomersfromages7to70.1sVanthebreakfastcapital

oftheworld?Definitely!"

Thatmightseemlikealofty（高傲的）claim,butVanhasitsplaceintherecordbookstothestatement.In

2014,morethan50,000peoplegatheredatrowsandrowsoftablesinfrontoftheVanFortress,which

wasbuiltinthe9（hcentury,tobreaktheGuinnessWorldRecordforthe"largestfullbreakfast

attendance".

4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?

A.Bytellingastory.B.Bydescribingascene.

C.Byansweringaquestion.D.Byexplainingaphenomenon.

5.Wha（isstilluncenainaccordingiothetext?

A.WhenSlitgiiKenanwasopened.

B.WhetherVanhadalotofmilkhouses.

C.WhenVan'sbreakfastculturewasstarted.

D.WhetherVanwassituatedontheSilkRoad.

6.WhomdidSutQiiKenanmainlyserveattheverybegining?

A.Nearbylaborers.B.Foreigntravelers.

C.Wealthybusinessmen.D.Localmilkmen.

7.Whatdocsthephrase'backup"underlinedinthelastparagraphmean?

A.Support.B.Replace.C.Challenge.D.Benefit.

c

Eightyearsago,AlNixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwithaspectacularviewof

St.Pctcrsburg'swatcrfrontinFlorida."Icallit'liferising'becausewatchingasunrisemakesmefeel

positiveandcenteredbeforeIstartmyday,"saysNixon,whoworksforthecity'swaterdcpartmcnt.ltis

Nixon'sownversionofdailymotivation.

Ayearlater,awomanstoppedtosayhello,andshesaidsomethingthatchangedhisperspectiveonhis

dailyritual."Shesaid,"Youknow,everymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere,Iknowthateverything

isgoingtobeOK,"Nixonrecalls."ThalwaswhenIknew：Ineededtopayattentiontothepeoplewalking

past.Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeopleknowthatwemattertoeachother."

Insteadofstaringstraightaheadatthewaterfront,Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandstrikingup

conversations.Andprettysoon,morethanafewearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthebench,sometimes

unburdeningthemselvesandtellinghimtheirrelationship,careerorpersonalproblems."Iwashappyto

listen.

Iwantedthemtowalkawayknowingtheydidn'thavetofeellonely,"Nixon,now59,says."Whenyou're

inyour50sand60sorbeyond»alotofpeoplefeeltheirpurposehasn'tbeenfulfilled.Atthisstageinlife,

thisisdefinitelymypurpose."

So»everymorning,weatherpermitting.Nixonrisesat4：30a.in.Heputsonahat,sipsacupofcoffee,

andthendrivessevenmilestothewaterfront,wherehe'llstayfortwohours.Hispresence,hisopenness

tolistenandhiskindnesstowardsstrangershaveledthemtonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.

Nomatterwhatproblemapersonwantstoair,Nixonlendsanear.Butsomepeoplejustsitdownanddon't

wanttotalkorsharestories.Theysimplywanttositnexttosomeoneandsharethesilence."Awoman

stoppedonceandsaid,"Ijustwanttositherewithyou,"Nixonrecalls."Westaredatthewaterforan

hour,andthenshesaidthankyouandwalkedavvay.Shejustwantedamomentofpeaceandtoknowshe

wasn'talonc.Andinthatmoment,inthathour,onthatmorning,shetrulywasn't."

8.WhydidNixondecidetobeginhisdayfromthebencheightyearsago?

A.Todevelopahabit.B.Toseekmentalpower.

C.Toenjoyseasideviews.D.Tointeractwithstrangers.

9.HowmightNixonfeelafterhearing(hewomanswordsinparagraph2?

A.Inspired.B.Relaxed.C.Touched.D.Worried.

10.WhatdoesNixon'snicknametheSunshineMayorimply?

A.Heislaughedatbyothers.

B.Heisaresponsibleofficial.

C.Hewarmsstrangers'hearts.

D.Helikessunnydaysparticularly.

11.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

A.Onehaslolearntolisten.

B.Noteveryoneisagoodstoryteller.

C.It'snoteasytofulfilldifferentneeds.

D.Silentcompanymatterstosomepeople.

D

Mostbrands'marketingstrategicstargetourvision-thinkaboutlogos,adsandothersynibols.Somctryto

stimulateuswithupbeatmusicorrelaxingsounds.Buttargetingournosescanbeanevenmorepowerful

toolforbrands,saymarketingexperts.

Anindustry,knownasscentmarketing,isdedicatedtodevelopingcustomfragrances（香味）.ScentAir,

forexample,isoneofthelargestsellersoffragrancediffusers（扩散器）loleadingbrands.Thecompany

designs9"fragranceexperiences*'rangingfrom"luxuriousandsophisticated"to"passionateand

sensual".Ontheflipside,italsotriestomaskandneutralize（中和）awfulsmellsfrombathroomsor

kitchens.

AccordingtoLaurenceMinsky,aprofessorfromColumbiaCollegeChicagowhostudiesbranding,our

senseofsmellrunsstraighttoourlimbicsystem,andthusdeployingapleasantfragranceinastorecan

influencecustomers*feelingsaboutitandhelpitstandoutinacrowdedmarket.ltcanalsocueuppast

memories>Minskysaid.

Thepresenceofapleasantscentinstoresresultedina3%salesincreasecompared（ostoreswithoutone,

foundastudypublishedinTheJournalofMarketing.Andjustbeingpleasant,thespecificsofscent

matter.AnolherstudypublishedinTheJoumaLOf.Retailingfoundthatconsumersspentmoreand

purchasedmoreitemsinstoreswithasimpleorangeorlemonscentthaninstoreswithcomplexscents.

Theopportunitytocreateanambiance（格调）whileincreasingsaleshasledretailersandotherbusinesses

toexperimentwithdifferentscentsandcreatetheirownfragranceexperiences.Brandssuchas

Play-DohandJohnson&Johnsonweresomeofthefirsttousescentasamarketingtool.Play-Doheven

successfullytrademarkeditsownfragrancein2018.

Sincethe1990s,SingaporeAirlineshasalsobeenusingitsownfragrance.Flightattendantswearitas

perfume；itismixedintohottowelsservedbeforetakeoffandwaftsthroughthecabinduringthe

flight.HotelssuchasHyattandWestinpumpsmellsintotheirlobbies,whilemanysupermarketsmove

theirbakeriesfromthebackofthestoretothefront.

Butstoresshouldkeepadelicatebalancewhentheyengineertheirsmells.TheUSA'ssubway,forexample»

hasbeencriticizedbysomecustomersforanunpleasantbreadsmell.WhenStarbucksintroducedbreakfast

sandwichesin2008,itfoundthesmellofsandwichescookingintheovenwasoverpoweringitscoffee

fragrance.

12.Whatmaybethefunctionofthelimbicsystem?

A.Improvingourfashionsense.

B.Gettingridofsomebadmemories.

C.Changingourperspectivesonthings.

D.Regulatingouremotionsandmemories.

13.Whatdoparagraphs5-6mainlytellus?

A.Thehistoryofscentmarketing.

B.Thesignificanceofscentmarketing.

C.Thewideapplicationofscentmarketing.

D.Theinfluenceofvariousscentexperiments.

14.Whatisthepurposeof(helastparagraph?

A.Totryoutanidea.B.Toissueawarning.

C.Todrawaconclusion.D.Togiveapieceofadvice.

15.Whichisthemostsuitabletideforthetext?

A.Payattentiontoyourbrandimage

B.Usesmelltogetyoutospendmore

C.Increasesalesoffragrancediffusers

D.Attractcustomerswithexcellentservice

ThesummerIwasten,mymotherdecidedtobringustotheworldofart.MybrotherandIwerenotvery

excitedwhenwerealizedwhatmymothermeant.Whatshemeantwasnotthatwecouldtakedrawing

classesorpaintingclassesbutthatwewouldhaveto-spendoneafternoonaweekwithherattheFineArts

Museum.

Thatwasnotsobad；-whatreallytroubledmewasthatbeforeeachvisittothemuseum,shemadeusread

aboutartistsandpaintingstyles(1)Anyway,whowantstospendthesummeraboutartistswhenyoucould

bewithyourfriendsattheswimmingpool?

FirstwehadtoreadaboutancientEgyptiansandtheirstrangewayofpaintingfacesandthengo:olookat

thematthemuseum.(2)LaterwehadtolearnaboutartistsintheMiddleAgeswhopaintedpeople

wearingstrangelongclothing.Wehadtolookalpicturesoffatbabieswithwingsandcurlyhairandwith

noclothesonflyingaroundtheedgesofpaintings.(3)

Onourlastvisittothemuseum,somethinghappenedwhenIsawapaintingbyawomancalledMary.

(4)Thecolorsweresoftandgentle,andyoucouldtellbythemother'sexpressionhowhappyshewasjust

tobewiththechild.Icouldhardlytakemyeyesawayfromthatnainting!(5)Itwasreallyworthlookingat

somanypaintingstofindapainterwhocouldinterestmesomuch.

A.Init,awomanwasreadingtoachild.

B.Thatfeltalmostasbadasbeinginschool.

C.Thetwopaintingsweresosimilartoeachother!

D.IwantedtoseeeverypaintingMaryhadevermade!

E.Iwasimmediatelyattractedbythestrangewayofpaintingfaces.

F.Staringatthosepictures,Istillcouldn'tseeWhatwassogreataboutart.

G.Unusualstylesofartalwaysattractedmybrother,butIwasnotinterested.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.卜G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

Ihadcometovisitmyparentsontheir50thWeddinganniversary.Inthehospital>Dadlay

unconscious.Momwas(21)Dad>"ComeonBob.You'reaMarine(海军陆战队士兵).Marinesnever

giveup!TwomonthslaterDad(22)Butthingswere(23)

Inthepast,myfatherwouldalwaysworkoutthe(24)inanewspaperatrecordspeeds.Nowhehadtrouble

tellingtime,andthe(25)davsofallwaswhenheopenedhis(26)andaskedmetocountthe(27)hesaved.

Dadlookedatmewiththeinnocenceofachildwhocouldnot(28)afive-dollarbillfromafifty.I(29)the

moneyintheboxandthetotalcameto$300.Dad(30)threetimesbutgotconfusedandfinallygave

up.Thatevening,Momsaiddeterminedly,"Wccouldn'tjustsitby.Let'sstartfromexplainingthc(31)of

theclock."

Thenextday,DadaskedMomaboutthetime.Momsaid,"Youtellme.Thebighandisonthesixandthe

littleoneison(hefive."Dadfailedforthefirsttime.ButMomcontinuedloexplainil.Hwasn'teasybutd

adfinallysucceeded.(32)Dadfiguredoutpuzzlesinthenewspaperwithourassistance.

AfterDadfullyrecovered,wc(33)inabigwayontheirdelayed50thweddingannivcrsary.WhcnIraised

myglassinhonorofthehappycouple,itwasthe(34)oftwooldMarines1(35).

21.A.ChallengingB.amusingC.encouragingD.comforting

22.A.pulledthroughB.turnedoverC.cameoutD.brokeaway

23.A.interestingB.differentC.similarD.familiar

24.A.storiesB.puzzlesC.reportsD.advertisements

25.A.happiestB.busiestC.saddestD.biggest

26.A.accountB.purseC.ClockD.shoebox

27.A.newspapersB.shoesC.timeD.cash

28.A.tellB.earnC.withdrawD.receive

29.A.savedB.sortedC.spentD.invested

30.A.triedB.succeededC.failedD.explained

31.A.labelB.brandC.faceD.spring

32.A.MeanwhileB.HoweverC.ConsequentlyD.Frequently

33.A.sufferedB.posedC.competedD.partied

34.A.responsibilityB.determinationC.ambitionD.generosity

35.A.changedB.enviedC.toastedD.lacked

36.Today,thebaseballcapisaverywell-knownitemofclothing,eventopeoplewhoarequite(1)

(familiar)withthegameofbaseball.

Thecapwasinventedoveracenturyagoasawayofkeepingthesunoutofabaseball(2)(player)

eves.(3)earlyasthe1920s,however,thecapbecamefashionableoffthefield,sometimesseen

amongstylish(时髦的)guysastheperfectfinishingtouchtoanewsuit.Butitwasthecontinued(4)

(connect)withsportsthatledtothewidespreadpopularityofthecap.Bythe1940s,teamswere

beginningtohavetheirlogossewnontothecaps(5)theyworeduringmatches.Theobviousthingfor

fans(6)(do)wastowearthese,too.Withmoreandmorecollegekidsusingthiswaytoshowtheir

supportfortheirhometeam，thecap(7)(catch)onandsalesofthemwentthroughtheroof.By(he

late1970s,newmachinesmeantitwaspossibletoembroider(绣)imagesofthings(8)animalsand

flagsontocapsinsteadofjustnamesandnumbers.

Thecapslaterbecamefashionableonceagain，⑼(large)thankstohip-hopmusicbandswhowore

themonstage.Baseballcapsthenbecamepopularwithmusicfanstheworldoverand(10)(be)now

establishedasaclassictypeofinformalheadgear(帽子).

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

⑺

（8）

（9）

（10）

37.假设你是李华，你的澳洲朋友David参加汉语水平考试（HSK）未能通过。请你写一封信

给他，内容包括：

（1）表示安慰和鼓励；

（2）提出今后学习汉语的建议。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为8（）左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearDavid,

Yours,

LiHua

38.I'llneverforgetthedaythatoneofmyfifth-gradestudents,Jace,shylyraisedhishandandsaid

thathehadneverreceivedagiftduringreadingdiscussionsJacc'shonestysurprisedme.Whatwas

evenmoreeye-openingwas（hefactthattheboyhadgonetenyearsandneverexperiencedthejoy

andsurpriseofreceivingapresent.

Itriedtosearchareasonthathemightbesayingthis.ThenIrememberedhisstory.Hismotherwasout

ofthepictureandhelivedalonewithhisdad.Hisfatherhadahardtimeholdingdownajob,andcome

tothinkofit.Ididn'tseehisfatheratenrollment（注册）orparent-teacherconferences.

AcoupleofweeksafterJace'scomment,hewasabsentfromschool.ThishappenedtobethedayI

wassendinghometheannualnoteabouttheclassroomChristmasgiftexchange.?raditionally,each

boywas（obringagiftforaboyinthethree-dollarrangeandthesamewastrueforeachgirl.

Aswewerediscussingthespecifics»agirlraisedherhandandsuggestedthatwedoawaywithour

traditionalpolicy,andeachbuyagiftforJaccinstead.Theenthusiasmgrewasthestudentsdiscussed

thekindsofthingstheyknewJacewouldlike.Wetookaquickvoteandunanimously（意见一致地）

agreedtogoaheadwiththiswonderfulidea.

Withgreatexcitement,thegiftsbegantocomein.Studentswithbrighteyeswouldeagerlytellme

howtheyfoundthe"perfectgift"andhowtheirparentsspentmorethanthreedollarsonJace'sgift!As

thegiftspouredin,Irememberbeingsoproudofmythoughtful,selflessstudentswhoweretruly

showingthespiritofChristmas.

Afterseveraldaysofabsences,youcanimagineourdisappointmentwhenwelearnedthatJace's

absenceswereduetothefactthathehadmovedaway!Iwassureofonething.Icouldn'tletmy

studentsorJaccdown.

Ifoundmyinfbnnalionsheetandcalledeverynumberlisted.Apparently,Jace'sfatherhadlosthisjob»

causingthemtorelocate.Nooneknewwheretheywere,andthecellphonenumberIhadwouldring

withnorcsponscdespitemycontinuouscffbrts.EvcnintoourChristmasvacation,Iconstantlygave

thephonenumberashot.注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Finally,al9：30PMonChristmasEve,Idecidedtotryonelasttime.

AsIdrovedowntheroadtoJacc'shouse,Isawtheporchlightofhisfather'strailer（拖车式房屋）

signalingwhichhomewashis.

答案和解析

1〜3.【答案】B、D、C

【解析】（1）推理判断题。由文章第一段Youraulhorstudyrequiresyoulowrite,inatleast3pages,

asummaryofwhattheauthorhaswritten,howtheworkshavebeenreceived,whatawardstheauthorhas

beengiven,aswellasanyconnectionsyouhavemadebyreadingmuchoftheauthor'spublishedbooks.

（你的作者研究要求你至少用3页纸写一篇作者所写作品的总结，作品是如何获得的，作者被授

予了什么奖项，以及你通过阅读作者大量出版的书籍而获得的任何联系。）以及第二段Belowisa

listofplacestofindsuchinfo门nation.（以下是查找此类信息的位置列表。）可知，提供上述信息是

为了帮助读者收集信息，更多地了解作家。所以答案为B。

（2）细节理解题。由文章LiteratureResourceCenter部分中的Providesbiographicalinformation,

summariesofworks,bookreviews,andliterarycriticism.（提供传记信息、作品摘要、书评和文学

评论。）可知，在文献资源中心，我们可以了解一本书的摘要。所以答案为D。

（3）文章出处题。由文章LiteratureResourceCenter部分中的Youcanalsochange/narrowyoursearch

byusingthelinksontheleftsideofthescreen.（你还可以使用屏幕左侧的链接更改/缩小搜索范围。）

以及最后一段Theresultswillbepresentedwithtabsacrossthetop.Selectthe"Biographies"tab.（结果

将在顶部显示选项卡。选择“传记”选项卡。）可推知，以上信息出现在网页上。所以答案为C。

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在网页上查找作者相关信息的方法。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有

标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料：

其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，

带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强

的针对性，对丁捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，

才能做到稳、准。

4〜7.【答案】B、C、A、A

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段HoursbeforethesunrisesoverVan,acityin（hefarcast

ofTurkey,preparationsarealreadyunderwayfbrthemostimpertantmealoftheday.By5a.m.,thescent

ofoven-hotflatbreadandfreshTurkishteahasbeenwaftingacrossKahvalticilarCar^isi-Van'sfamous

"BreakfastStreets（在太阳升起的几个小时前，土耳其最东部的城市Van已经开始为一天中最重要

的一餐做准备。早上5点，卡瓦尔塔奇基亚勒Car§isi-Van著名的“早餐街”已经弥漫着烤箱热大饼

和新鲜土耳其茶的香味。）可知，作者是通过描述了土耳其城市Van的早餐街的一个场景来引出

本文的话题的。故选B项。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段TheoriginsofVan'sbreakfastculturearethesubjectofdebate.（Van

早餐文化的起源一直是争论的焦点）可知，根据文章，仍然不确定的是早餐文化是何时形成的。

故选C项。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章第四段ButlocalssaythemoremodernhistoryofVanbreakfastcancertainly

belinkedtothedevelopmentofso-called"milkhouses"—whichwouldserveearlymorningmealsofmilk,

chccscandbreadtothosedoingphysicalworknearby——inthe1940s.SiitqiiKenan*whichtranslatesin

Turkishas"MilkmanKenan",wasitselfopenedbyCoskun'sgreat-grandfatherKenanasamilkhousein

1946.（但当地人说，Van早餐更现代的历史可以肯定与所谓的“牛奶屋”的发展有关一一在20世纪

40年代，“牛奶屋”为附近的体力劳动者提供牛奶、奶酪和面包作为早餐。SiitqiiKenan,在土耳其

语中翻译为"送奶工Kenan",本身是科斯肯的曾祖父Kenan在1946年开设的一家牛奶屋。）可知，

SU&iiKenan一开始为附近的工人服务。故选A项。

（4）词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段IsVanthebreakfastcapitaloftheworld?Definitely!（Van是世

界早餐之都吗？当然）及最后一段划线词后的句子In2014,morethan50,00（）peoplegatheredatrows

androwsoftablesinfrontoftheVanFortress»whichwasbuiltinthe9thcentury,tobreaktheGuinness

WorldRecordforthe"largestfullbreakfastattendance".（2014年，超过5万人聚集在建于9世纪的

范城堡酒店前的一排排桌子前，打破了”最大的早餐出席人数”的吉尼斯世界纪录）可知，在Van

创造的吉尼斯世界纪录是能“支持””Van是世界早餐之都”这一说法的。backup意思是“支持”。

A.Support支持；B.Challenge挑战;C.Replace代替；D.Benefit对…有益。故选A项。

本文为一篇记叙文，介绍了土耳其城市Van独特的早餐文化。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8〜11.【答案】B、A、C、D

【解析】（I）细节理解题。根据第一段Eightyearsago,

AlNixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwithaspectacularviewofSt.Pctcrsburg'swaterfrontin

Florida."Icalli（'liferising'becausewatchingasunrisemakesmefeelpositiveandcenteredbeforeIsta

rtmyday,"saysNixon,whoworksforthecity'swaterdepartment.ltisNixon'sownversion

ofdailymotivation.（八年前，阿尔•尼克松决定坐在长凳上开始每一天，坐在那里可以看到佛罗里

达州圣彼得堡海滨的壮丽景色。"我称之为'生活的上升'，因为看日出能让我在开始新的一天之前

感到积极和专注，”在该市水务部门工作的尼克松说。这是尼克松自己对日常动机的诠释。）可知，

八年前尼克松决定从长凳上开始他的•天是因为坐在那里看日出可以让他在开始新的•天之前感

到积极和专注，从而获得一种精神力量。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Ayearlater,awomanstoppedtosayhello,

andshesaidsomethingthatchangedhisperspectiveonhisdailyritual."Shesaid,"Youknow»

everymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere,IknowthateverythingisgoingtobeOK,

"Nixonrecalls."ThatwaswhenIknew：

Ineededtopayattentiontothepeoplewalkingpast.Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeopleknowth

atwcmattertoeachother."（一年后，一个女人停卜.来跟他打招呼，她说的话改变了他对口常生活

的看法。她说："你知道吗，每天早上当我看到你坐在这里，我就知道一切都会好起来的。”尼克

松回忆道。”那时我知道：我需要注意走过的人。我需要眼神交流，让人们知道我们彼此都很重要。

"）和第三段第一句Insteadofstaringstraightaheadatthewaterfront,

Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandstrikingupconversations.（尼克松不再直视前方的海滨，而是开

始对人们微笑，开始攀谈。可知，听到那个女人的话后尼克松受到了启发，决定以后不再直视

前方的海滨，而是开始对人们微笑，开始攀谈，与路人交流。结合选项，A.Inspired.受灵感启迪的；

B.Relaxed.放松的：C.Touched.感动的；D.Worried.焦虑的。分析可知，A项符合语义。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第五段So,everymorning,weatherpermitting,Nixonrisesal4：

30am.Heputsonahat.sipsacupofcoffee,andthendrivessevenmilestothewaterfront,

wherehe'llstayfortwohours.Hispresence,hisopennessto

listenandhiskindnesstowardsstrangershaveledthemtonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.（所以，

如果天气允许，尼克松每天早上4：30起床。他戴上帽子，喝杯咖啡，然后开车七英里到海滨，

在那里呆两个小时。他的在场，他乐于倾听，他对陌生人的友善使一些人称他为阳光市长。）可

知，尼克松被称为阳光市长是因为他乐于倾听并对他人友善,即能够把内心的光芒照在他人身上。）

可知，人们称尼克松是“阳光市长”暗指他能给人们带来正能量，温暖陌生人的心。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Nomatterwhatproblemapersonwantstoair,

Nixonlendsanear.Butsomepeoplejustsitdownanddon'twanttotalkorsharestories.Theysimplywa

nttositnexttosomeoneandsharethesilence."Awomanstoppedonceandsaid,"Ijustwanttosither

ewithyou,"Nixonrecalls."Westaredatthewaterforanhour,

andthenshesaidthankyouandwalkedaway.Shejustwantedamomentofpeaceandtoknowshewasn'

talone.Andinthatmoment,inthathour,onthatmorning,shetrulywasn't."（无论一个人想提Ml彳卜

么问题，尼克松都会倾听。但有些人只是坐下来，不想说话或分享故事。他们只是想坐在某人旁

边，分享沉默。尼克松回忆说：”有一次，一位女士停下来对我说：‘我只想和你坐在这里。“我们

盯着水看了一个小时，然后她说了声谢谢就走开了。她只是想要片刻安宁，知道她并不孤单。在

那一刻，在那一小时，在那个早晨，她真的不在了。”）可知，沉默的陪伴对一些人来说很重要。

故选D。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲达了阿尔•尼克松起初常常独自坐在长凳上开始每一天，坐在那里观看

海滨的壮丽景色,后来因为因一个路人的话改变了自己的态度，从而坚持早起去倾听路人的倾诉。

他乐于倾听，*1人友善，被人们成为“阳光市长

做阅读时首先要通读全文，理解文章大意，然后带着问题到原文中找信息句，仔细研究问题和跟

问题有关的句子，琢磨其意思，选出正确答案。

12〜15.【答案】D、C、D、B

【解析】（I）细节理解题。根据第三段中的AccordingtoLaurenceMinsky,

aprofessorfromColumbiaCollegeChicagowhostudiesbranding,our

senseofsmellrunsstraighttoourlimbicsystem,

andthusdeployingapleasantfragranceinastorecaninfluencecustomers'feelingsaboutitandhelpitst

andoutinacrowdedmarket.ltcanalsocueuppastmemories»Minskysaid.（芝加哥哥伦比亚大学研

究品牌的教授劳伦斯•明斯基表示，我们的嗅觉直接进入大脑边缘系统，因此在商店里散发一种令

人愉悦的香味可以影响顾客对它的感觉，帮助它在拥挤的市场中脱颖而出。明斯基说，它还