【期末高一下】江苏省淮安市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版）

2/2准安市2018-2019学年度第二学期高一年级期末调研测试英语试题1.本试卷共11页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟2.在答题纸的密封线内填写学校、班级、姓名、准考证号等。3.请将所有答案均接照题号填涂或填写在答题卡/纸相应的答题处，否则不得分。第I卷(选择题，共100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍1.Whichfooddoesthewomanlikethemost?A.Chips.B.MeatC.Fruit2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandotocalmdown?A.WatchTVB.GoforarunC.Readabook3.Whendoesthepoolopen?A.At8:00B.At8:30C.At9:004.Whydidthewomanstopdrinkingcoffee?A.ShesleptbadlyB.ShehadnoneleftC.Shedislikedthetaste5.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.AtarestaurantB.Atabank.CAtasupermarket第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.TeacherandstudentBClassmatesCCo-workers7.Whatwouldthewomanliketobecomemost?A.AscientistB.AdoctorC.Anartist听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatplantsstopgrowinginthewoman'sgarden?A.Pineapples.B.CarrotsC.Cucumbers9.Whatwillthewomandotosolvetheproblem?A.RemovethetreeB,GrowsomethingelseCGrowtheplantssomewhereelse听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewoman’sfirstimpressionoftheapartment?A.ShelikesthemirrorB.ShelikesthecarpetsC.Shelikesthewindows11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutthelivingroom?A.ItisbigB.ItisdarkC.ItlacksfurnitureWhichroomdoesthewomanseeattheend?A.ThebathroomB.ThekitchenC.Thebedroom听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13WhichitemwasmostimportantforthemanA.PencilsB.PensCPaper14.WhatdidthewomanforgettobuyA.GlueB.InkC.Erasers15.Whatarethematerialsfor?A.AnexamB.Aproject.CAshow16.Howwillthemangettoschool?ABybusBBysubwayC.Bycar听第10段材料，回答第17至20题17.Whichisthebusiestnightatthebar?AThursday.B.FridayC.Saturday.18.WhatisLucy'smainjob?A.AnurseB.AbankclerkC.Asecretary19.HowmanybabycatsdidLucybringtothebarthefirsttime?A.5B.10C.1520.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaboutthebabycatsintheend?AConfusedB.AngryC.Pleased第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节单项填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面各题，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.Thepast40yearshavewitnesseddifferentmeansof____frombicyclekingdomtoautomarket.A.transport B.challenge C.expression D.communication【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：过去的四十年见证了从自行车王国到电动汽车市场的不同形式的交通工具。A.transport交通工具；B.challenge挑战；C.expression表达，表情；D.communication交流。由于自行车和电动汽车都属于交通工具，所以这句话描写的是不同的交通工具。故选A。2.Eitherthebeautifulsightsofthismoderncityoritslocalcustom____thousandsofvisitorsduringthepastyears.A.haveattracted B.wereattracting C.hasattracted D.wasattracting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：无论是这座现代化城市的美丽景色还是当地的风俗习惯在过去的这些年都已经吸引了成千上万的游客。由“duringthepastyears”可知，这句话使用现在完成时。“either…or…”作主语时，谓语动词形式与or后主语保持一致，itslocalcustom是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。【点睛】duringthepast+时间段，inthethepast+时间段，intherecent+时间段都表示到现在为止的前一段时间，时态都用现在完成时。所以由本句话中的duringthepastyears可知，这句话使用现在完成时。3.Moreandmorecountrieshavecometorealizethattheworld____dowithoutHuaweiandits"moreadvanced"technology.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn't【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：越来越多的国家意识到世界上离不开华为和它更先进的科技。A.can’t不能；B.needn’t不需要；C.mustn’t一定不能；D.shouldn't不应该。can’tdowithout意为“离不开”，为固定搭配。故选A。4.Sometimespeoplefromthesouthhavedifficultyunderstanding______peoplefromthenorthsay.A.which B.what C.that D.how【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：有时候从南方来的人在理解北方人说的话时有困难。understanding后接的是一个宾语从句，且宾语从句缺宾语，所以选用连接词what。故选B。【点睛】宾语从句连接词的选择办法：1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。例如本题中是用特殊疑问句（whatdopeoplefromthenorthsay）做宾语从句的，所以连接词选择what。5.AtonetimeFrenchpeoplebannedborrowedwordsfromEnglishinordertokeeptheirlanguagepureand________.A.fluent B.various C.unique D.advanced【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：曾一时法国人禁止从英语中借用单词，以保持他们语言的纯净和独特性。A.fluent流利的；B.various各种各样的；C.unique独一无二的；D.advanced先进的，高级的。每个语言都有自己的独特性，所以法国人是要保持自己语言的纯净和独特性。故选C。6.Scientistswillproduceplasticmaterialsfrombeans,butrightnowthenewproduct_____inthelab.A.isbeingdeveloped B.hasbeendeveloped C.isdeveloping D.hasdeveloped【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：科学家将用豆科植物来制作塑料，但是现在新的产品还正在实验室里被研制。由“rightnow（现在，此时此刻）”可知，这句话应使用现在进行时。主语thenewproduct是表示物体的，所以语态应使用被动语态。所以整个句子使用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A。7.Theprofessoralwaysspendsthewholedayinthebookshop_____heboughtthedictionary.A.onwhich B.towhich C.inwhich D.forwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个教授经常花一整天的时间在他买字典的那个书店。这是一个定语从句，先行词为thebookshop，在从句中作地点状语，并且表达“在书店”应在thebookstore前加介词in。从句部分完整的表述为heboughtthedictionaryinthebookshop.将thebookshop替换为which，从句部分变为thebookshopinwhichheboughtthedictionary或thebookshopwhichheboughtthedictionaryin。故选C。【点睛】定语从句中介词的选择：1、要根据关系副词来决定。关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。如：when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,why=for+which。2、由词组本身的介词决定。本题考查的属于第一种情况，thebookshop是买书的地点状语，应该用副词where，where=inwhich。故选C。8.Thesmallactionoflitteringmay______disasterforsmallanimalsandtheirlivingenvironment.A.leadto B.belongto C.referto D.pointto【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：随手丢垃圾的小行为对于小动物和它们的生存环境可能带来灾难。A.leadto导致，造成；B.belongto属于；C.referto查阅，提到；D.pointto指向，针对。根据句意，小行为会造成大灾难，故选A。9.DadisbusywithhisessayontheSGnetworksExactly.He______alecturethistimenextweek.A.isgiving B.wasgiving C.willbegiving D.hasbeengiving【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：爸爸真的忙于他关于SG网络的论文。下周这个时候他将会正在讲课。由“thistimenextweek”可知，这句话使用将来进行时，选项A是现在进行时的结构，选项B是过去进行时的结构，选项C是将来进行时的结构，选项D是现在完成进行时的结构，故选C。10.Hemanagedto_______aplaceinthefinalexambyworkinghardconstantly.A.explore B.reserve C.award D.secure【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他一直努力学习，在期末考试中取得了一席之地。A.explore探究；B.reserve预订；C.award授予，奖励；D.secure获得，取得。secureaplace意为“取得了一席之地”，故选D。第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Earlyinmyteachingcareer,Iheardcountless(无数的)excusesforwhystudentsdidn’thavetheirhomework.Astimepassed,Igrewtiredofhearing“Idon’thavemyhomeworkbecause…”,so1stoppedacceptingany___11______12___Itaughtinanewinner-cityschool.I___13___myeighthgraderswith“Noexcuses!”I___14___homeworkatthebeginningofeachclass.whenastudentdidn’thaveit.Ineveraskedwhy.___15___,Isighedloudly,shookmyheadandrecordedazero.Isoongainedthereputation(名声)IthoughtIwanted.Oneafternoon,shortlyafterschool.Anthony___16___me.Hislowerlipquivering(轻微颤抖).“It’sjustthat……well,my___17___workatnight.Ihavetolookaftermylittlebrothers.soIcan’t___18___.Myhomework.……”Iputmyhandonhisshoulder.“Whyareyoujustnowtellingme……？”I___19___inmid-sentence.Iknewwhy.SoIchangedthe___20___.“Wouldithelpifyoustayedhere___21___school?”Heswallowedhardandnodded.Thenextday,IannouncedtoallmystudentsthatI’dbe___22___anafter-schoolstudy.Beforelong,more___23___joinedAnthony,Isoonhadalargenumberof___24___,suchas“Idon’thavemyhomework___25___Idon’thaveanypaperinthehouse.”All,however,werevery___26___.ThethingsIlearnedweren’t___27___intheeducationclassesincollege.Ihavediscoveredthatnotallkidshaveenoughschool___28___.Somedon’thaveahomewhereaparentis___29___around.Ihavealsolearnedthat“I’lllisten”worksalot___30___than“Noexcuses!”11.A.homework B.condition C.c1ass D.excuse12.A.Later B.Late C.Earlier D.Early13.A.warned B.charged C.punished D.embarrassed14.A.designed B.announced C.prepare D.collected15.A.Still B.Instead C.Besides D.Indeed16.A.left B.approached C.consulted D.begged17.A.friends B.teachers C.parents D.classmates18.A.relax B.hesitate C.interrupt D.concentrate19.A.stopped B.complained C.glance D.whispered20.A.status B.question C.decision D.behavior21.A.at B.behind C.before D.after22.A.checking B.canceling C.offering D.experiencing23.A.fan B.players C.students D.boys24.A.stories B.lies C.slogans D.bargains25.A.if B.because C.though D.until26.A.real B.annoying C.enjoyable D.funny27.A.taught B.shared C.required D.commended28.A.trips B.uniforms C.supplies D.activities29.A.seldom B.yet C.never D.even30.A.faster B.better C.harder D.worse【答案】11.D12.A13.A14.D15.B16.B17.C18.D19.A20.B21.D22.C23.C24.A25.B26.A27.A28.C29.D30.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己早年教学生涯中，听多了孩子不交作业的各种借口，后来规定从来不给学生解释的机会。偶尔一次有个小男孩的的境况让作者开始给学生提供课后辅导，同时作者也慢慢学到了学校里学不到的东西：学会倾听比不让孩子找借口更有效。【11题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：因此我停止接受任何借口。A.homework家庭作业；B.condition情况；C.c1ass班级；D.excuse借口。此空格与第一段首句中的excuses呼应，故选D。【12题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：后来我在一个新的市中心的城市教书。A.Later后来；B.Late晚的；C.Earlier早些时候；D.Early早的。此空格与篇首的Early呼应，Early是指教学生涯早些年的时候，这个空格是与其相比后来一些的时候，所以填比较级。故选A。【13题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我警告我八年级的学生“不许找借口”。A.warned警告；B.charged填充，指控；C.punished惩罚；D.embarrassed使...困窘。由下文中的“Ineveraskedwhy.（我从来不问为什么）”可知，作者是之前警告过学生。故选A。【14题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我会在每节课前收作业。A.designed设计；B.announced宣布；C.prepare准备；D.collected收集。由下文中“当一个学生没有作业的时候……”可知，作者是收作业。故选D。【15题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：我从来不问为什么。取而代之的是我大声叹气，摇头并记个零分。A.Still仍然；B.Instead代替，反而；C.Besides再说，此外；D.Indeed的确。前后是替代关系，故选B。【16题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：一个下午，Anthony来到我身边。A.left离开；B.approached接近；C.consulted咨询；D.begged请求。由下句中的“他轻声对我说”可知，他来到我身边。故选B。【17题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我父母晚上工作，我不得不照顾弟弟们。A.friends朋友；B.teachers老师；C.parents父母；D.classmates同学。由于是解释无法做家庭作业的原因，而且还要照顾弟弟，我们可知是父母晚上不在家。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：所以我无法集中精力（做作业）。A.relax放松，休息；B.hesitate犹豫；C.interrupt打断；D.concentrate全神贯注。由于是解释无法做家庭作业的原因，无法全神贯注做作业是合乎语境的，故选D。【19题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我说道一半时停止了。A.stopped停止；B.complained抱怨；C.glance瞥见；D.whispered窃窃私语。由下句中的“changed”可知，我停止了那句话，改变了一个问法。故选A。【20题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我换了一个问题。A.status地位；B.question问题；C.decision决定；D.behavior行为。由空格前后的两个问句可知，作者换了一个问题。故选B。【21题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：如果你放学后待在这里会有帮助吗？A.at在……上，atschool意为在学校；B.behind在……的后面；C.before在……之前；D.after在……之后，afterschool意为放学后。此空格与下文中的after-schoolstudy呼应，故选D。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：第二天，我对我所有的同学宣布，我将会提供课后学习。A.checking校验；B.canceling取消；C.offering提供；D.experiencing体验。由于我是主动提供给学生课后学习的机会，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：不久，很多学生和Anthony一起来。A.fan崇拜者；B.players队员；C.students学生；D.boys男孩。由上句可知这些机会是提供给学生的，故选C。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：很快，我有了大量故事。A.stories故事；B.lies谎言；C.slogans口号；D.bargains交易。有下文中每个同学都有自己理由可知，每个同学后边都有一个故事。故选A。【25题详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：我没有做家庭作业因为家里没有纸。A.if如果；B.because因为；C.though虽然，尽管；D.until直到……为止。这是一个原因状语从句，故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：然而他们都是真的。A.real真实的；B.annoying恼人的；C.enjoyable令人愉快的；D.funny有趣的。这个空格与文章第一段中的excuse呼应，之前作者认为学生找的都是借口，是假的，现在作者发现这里边很多是真的。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我学到的这些东西是在大学里的教育课上不会教的。A.taught教；B.shared分享；C.required要求；D.commended推荐。在学校课堂上老师不会教这些东西，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我发现不是所有的孩子都有学校的必需品。A.trips远行；B.uniforms制服；C.supplies供应品；D.activities活动。此空格与上段中提到学生在家里没有纸呼应，就是指学生缺少学习必需品。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：有的孩子甚至都没有一个父母在家。A.seldom很少；B.yet但是，已经；C.never从未，决不；D.even哪怕，连，甚至。这里强调孩子家里甚至连父母都没有。与上一句没有学习用品是递进关系。故选D。【30题详解】考查副词比较及。句意：学会倾听比不让孩子找借口更有效。A.faster快的；B.better好的；C.harder努力的；D.worse更糟糕的。这里强调倾听的效果好，故选B。第三部分阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AChoosethewrongpair,andyoucanbeinforaworldofhurtwhenyou'redoneyourday.Butchoosetherightpair,andachingfeetareonelessthingyouhavetodealwithwhenyougethomeTheeditorsatYahooLifestyledotheirbesttofindyouthebestproductsatthebestprices.TheseCrocsarepopularamongserviceandmedicalindustryemployees.Theystronglyandperfectlyholdupyourfeetwhileyouarewalking.“I’vewornjustabouteveryotherbrand(品牌)ofwork/kitchenshoes,andthispairbeatsthemall.”onecustomersaid.Shopit:CrocsS36.don'thavetoworryaboutwater.Theyalsohavearemovablefootbed(鞋垫)withspecialtechnologytokeepyourfeetcool,comfortableanddry,whichhelpsavoidfootsmell.“Myfeetlovethem!”onecustomerwrote.Shopits：SASLiberty-S163.TheWalkercomesinseveraldifferentcolors,andithasbreathableandsoftclothinsidetohelpkeepyourfeetdryandreducefriction(摩擦)againstyourskin.TheyalsohavealightweightEVAtoavoidhugeshock.Onecustomercalledthese，“themostcomfortablepairofshoeslhaveeverworninmylife!”Shopits：Walker,S100.Designedforpeopleinthemedicalprofession,theseNurseMateslookalittlefashionablethankstotheleatherupper.Theshoeshaveaspecialdesigntoreduceshock.“Bestshoesyet!Icanfeelgoodcominghomeafterhoursonmyfeet,”onenursesaid.Shopits：NurseMate,S78.31.Whichbrandsofshoesperformwellinreducingshock?A.Crocs&SASLiberty. B.Walker&NurseMate.C.Crocs&Walker D.SASLiberty&NurseMate32.Thecommentsfromthecustomersinthepassagefocusmoreontheshoes’____A.comfort B.colorC.appearance D.price33.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfroma_______A.notice B.textbookC.dictionary D.website【答案】31.B32.A33.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。雅虎生活版块的编辑向大家介绍了四款舒适的鞋子供大家选购。【31题详解】细节理解题。由walker介绍里的“TheyalsohavealightweightEVAtoavoidhugeshock.（它们有轻的EVA防止重大冲击）”和NurseMate介绍里的“Theshoeshaveaspecialdesigntoreduceshock.（这个鞋子有专门的设计来减震）”可知，walker和NurseMate两款鞋子有减震功能。故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。由第一款鞋子介绍里的“Theystronglyandperfectlyholdupyourfeetwhileyouarewalking.（当你走路的时候它们紧紧的完美的护住你的脚）”第二款鞋子介绍里的“keepyourfeetcool,comfortableanddry（保持你的脚凉爽，舒服并且干爽）”，第三款鞋子介绍里的“keepyourfeetdryandreducefrictionagainstyourskin.（保持脚干爽并减少与皮肤的摩擦）”以及第四款鞋子介绍里的“heshoeshaveaspecialdesigntoreduceshock.（这个鞋子有专门的设计来减震）”可知，这四款鞋子都更多关注鞋子的舒适性。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。由每一款鞋子下的地址“”可知，这篇文章来自于网络。故选D。【点睛】文章来源的推断题在高中英语中常见。主要有根据文体和题材特点推断文章来源或根据文章内容和结构推断文章来源。例如如果文中出现日期、地点或通讯社名称，我们可以推知文章来自于报纸，如果文中出现网络用词（click点击；online在线；web网络等）可以推知文章来自于网站，例如本篇文章中的第三题就属于推断文章来源题目，由文章中多次出现的网址可以推断文章来自于网站。这类题目同学们只要多积累这些词汇和格式，解题准确度会提升很多。BToreadmore,whenaself-helpbookcaughtAshleyJost’seyeatabookstore,Jost,a27-year-oldcollegeteacher,boughtthebook,Girl,StopApologizing,andbeganreadingitwhenshegothome.Shewasonechapterinwhenshediscovereditwasholdingasecret.JostwassittingonthecouchandthedogstartedbarkingatGod-knows-what.Shetossed(抛)thebookdowntoeaseafterthedogandfivedollarsfelloutonthefloor.Surprised,shebeganturningpageafterpage.That'swhenshenoticedabrightpinknotewithahandwrittenmessage.Iwashavingadifficultday.IthoughtmaybeIcouldbrightensomeoneelse’swiththislittlesurprise.Gobuyacoffee,anicecreamorafavoriteCD.Practicesomeself-caretodayRememberthatyouarelovedYouareamazing.YouarestrongLove.LisaJostwasgreatlysurprised.Random(随机的)actsofkindnessusedtohappentostrangersontheInternet,nottoher.AphotoofthenoteJostsharedonTwitter(推特)hasbeenlikedmorethan3,000timesandsharedaroundtheworld.Inthisway,itencouragedpeopletoperformtheirownrandomactsofkindness.Jostplannedtodoatleastonekindthingeveryweek.Andshe’snoonepeoplecontinuetoreachouttoherviaTwittertosharestoriesoftheirownactsofkindness.Afterwards,onceadayforaweek,shehidnotesandStarbucksgiftcardsincoffeeshops,restaurants,andlibraries.SheeveninspiredherdadtobuygroceriesforthepersonbehindhiminlineataWalmart.34.WhydidJostturnthebookpageafterpage?A.Shewantedtofinishthebookintime B.Shewascuriousaboutherdogsbark.C.Shethoughttheremightbemoresecrets D.Shedecidedtofindthebrightpinknote.35.JostsharedthephotoofthenoteonTwitterto_______A.encourageotherstoshowkindness B.thankLisaforherkindheartC.getasmanylikesfromherfansaspossible D.showhowsurprisedshewas36.Accordingtothepassage,JostdidthefollowingEXCEPT_____A.inspiringpeoplearoundher B.readingstoriesofkindactsC.hidinggiftcardsinlibraries D.postingthepicturesofherlife37.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AmysteriousLisa B.AnunexpectednoteC.Awarm-heartedact D.Aninterestingbook【答案】34.C35.A36.D37.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jost偶然的一次机会在买回来的一本书中发现了一个纸条，上边写着激励的话语。她感到很惊奇。并在微博上分享这则消息鼓励大家多多传递这样的爱心。自此之后她自己也在生活中处处传递着这种惊喜和善意。【34题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Shetossed(抛)thebookdowntoeaseafterthedogandfivedollarsfelloutonthefloor.Surprised,shebeganturningpageafterpage”可知，她把书仍在地上想让狗停止叫却从书中掉出来五美元钱。所以她开始一页一页的翻。也就是说她继续翻书想看看有没有更多惊喜。故选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Inthisway,itencouragedpeopletoperformtheirownrandomactsofkindness.”可知，通过发推特这种方式，这件事鼓励人们都去随机展露他们的善意。也就是说她想鼓励大家去展示友好。故选A。【36题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句可知，人们通过推特向她分享他们的善行，那么相应的Jost就会去读这些故事。故选项B正确。由倒数第二段中的“Inthisway,itencouragedpeopletoperformtheirownrandomactsofkindness.”可知，她鼓励人们展示善行。故选项A正确。由最后一段中的“shehidnotesandStarbucksgiftcardsincoffeeshops,restaurants,andlibraries”可知，它也会在图书馆藏纸条或者星巴克的礼卡。故选项C正确。选项D文中没有提到，故选D。【37题详解】主旨大意题。文章中的故事都是有一张不期而至的纸条引起的，并且文章中提倡大家多展示自己的善心也是需要通过纸条传递的。所以选项B（不期而至的纸条）即与引出文章中心的纸条呼应，又与文章倡导的善心呼应，符合文章中心。故选B。【点睛】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考察方式，标题题（besttitle）是其一个典型的考点，也是高考阅读中每年的必考题。主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰。一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段，根据首尾段内容总结主题思想；二是看每段段首句，根据所有段首句总结主题思想。本文中第四题就是此类的主旨大意题，由于这是一篇记叙文，我们就要抓住文章倡导的内容是什么我们这篇文章主要鼓励人们展露自己的善良，并且这个善良是需要通过传递纸条等形式传播的。所以Anunexpectednote与文章中心紧紧呼应。更具体的解题步骤参看详解。同学们要抓住记叙文标题题的这个总结技巧。CSomeday,umbrellasmaydomorethanjustkeeppeopledry.AresearcherintheNetherlandshasdesignedasimplesensor(传感器)that“listens”torain.Andthatsensorcanturnanumbrellaintoarain-measuringexpert.Toolslikethiscanletanyonegaugetheweather.Thatcanhelpscientistsmakesurethatsatellitesandradar(雷达)systemsthattrackstormsaredoingagoodjob.“Rainradarisabeautifulwayofseeingwhererainfallisupintheair.Butyouneverknowwhereithitstheground,"saysRolfHut.Hedesignedtheumbrellasensor.Researcherswanttoknowhowmuchrainmakesittotheplanetssurface.Notallrainthatfallsfromacloudreachestheground.Anditcanbedifficultforradarandsatellitestomeasurethatrain,particularlyincities.Ahostofbigbuildingscanchangehowairandrainmoveduringastorm.“Italsoexplainswhyasingle,expensivesensor-thekindthatmightbefoundatanofficialweatherstation-won’tgiveaccurate(精确的)city-widedata,Hutsays.Butbyputtingalow-costrainmeasuringtoolintopeople'shands,scientistscanlearnmoreabouthowmuchrainfalldiffersintheseandotherhard-to-measureplaces.Ontheinsideoftheumbrellaisasmall,yellowdisk(磁盘).Itistherainfallsensor.ThesensorisattachedtoablackBluetoothheadsetthatsendsthecollecteddatatoasmartphone.Hutcameupwiththeideatostickthesametypeofsensoronanumbrellawhenhewastalkingtokidsaboutscience.Heshowedthemaphotoofapolicemanwhowasholdinganumbrellaandtalkingtoacrowdinamicrophone.Whynotputthetwotogether?Hethoughtitcouldmakeacoolrainfallsensor.Whenastormcamethrough,Hutcomparedtheumbrella’snew“ear”forraintoofficialrainmeasuringequipment.Andtohisdelight,hefoundtheumbrella'smeasurementswere“prettygood.”Hisnextstepistoimprovetheumbrellasensortobemoreaccurate38.Thepurposeofthispassageisto_______A.promoteauniqueumbrella B.informusofanewinventionC.makereadersinterestedinscience D.praisearesearcherforhisInvention39.Theunderlinedword“gauge”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans______A.change B.controlC.measure D.sense40.Whycanitbehardforofficialweatherstationstomeasuretherainincities?A.BigbuildingsinfluencethemoveofairandrainB.TheyarelackinginweathermeasuringequipmentC.RainfalldiffershugelydependingonvariousareasDTheircollecteddatacannotbesenttosmartphones41.WhatdoweknowaboutHutsnewinvention?A.HutisnotsatisfiedwithhisnewinventionatallB.Hut'sinventionissomethingusefulbutexpensive.C.HegottheideawhentalkingtokidsaboutscienceD.ApolicemanintherainhelpedHutwiththeinvention【答案】38.B39.C40.A41.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个小发明，将能够“听”雨的传感器设计在伞上。全文介绍了它的优势以及工作原理。【38题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了带有“听”雨的传感器的伞以及与天气预报相比它的优势。所以整篇文章的目的就是向我们介绍这个小发明。故选B。【39题详解】词义猜测题。由第一段中的“thatsensorcanturnanumbrellaintoarain-measuringexpert”可知，这个传感器能将伞变成一个测量雨的专家，也就是说这样的伞能帮助人们测量雨。A.change改变；B.control控制；C.measure测量；D.sense感知。故选C。【40题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Ahostofbigbuildingscanchangehowairandrainmoveduringastorm.”可知，城市中，大片的高楼能够改变空气和雨的移动方向。这也就是为什么官方的天气预报难以精确地预测城市中的雨的原因。故选A。【41题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Hutcameupwiththeideatostickthesametypeofsensoronanumbrellawhenhewastalkingtokidsaboutscience.”可知，Hut是在与一群小孩谈论科学的时候想出来把这样一个传感器绑在雨伞上的主意来的。故选C。【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中第二题考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题目的解题技巧是在前后语句中寻找其同义词或释义句。同义词不限于词性相同，经常会出现意思相近，但是上下文中选用了不同词性来表达的情况。例如本题中的rain-measuring是一个形容词，gauge是一个动词，其实意思相同。同学们解题时要注意这一点。这道题具体的解题步骤参看详情。DTheweatherwasbadduringthelatterdaysofthevoyage.Anorthwestwindwasblowingallthetime.TheRangoonsailedslowly.ThecaptainthoughtthatshewouldreachHongKongtwentyhoursbehindtime.PhileasFoggstaredatroughseawithhishabitualcalm.Heneverchangedhisexpressionforaninstant,thoughadelay(延迟)oftwentyhours,bymakinghimtoolatefortheYokohamaboat—Carnatic.Butthismanshowedneitherimpatiencenoranger,itseemedasifthestormwereapartofhisprogramme.Fix,adetectivewhohadbeensearchingforabankrobber(抢劫犯),viewedthestateofthingsdifferently.Thestormgreatlypleasedhim.EachdelayfilledhimwithhopethatFogghadtospendsomedaysinHongKong.Theweatherhelpedhim.Thoughhefeltsea-sick,hisspiritwasfullofgreathappiness.Passepartout.Mr.Fogg’sservant,wasangrybeyondexpressionaboutthebadweather.Everythinghadgonesowelltillnow!Didthebadthingscome?Passepartoutwasveryworriedabouthismaster'sbet.Hewantedtoknowexactlyhowlongthestormwasgoingtolast.Thesailorsadvisedhimtorefertothebarometer(晴雨表).Heshookit,butwithnoeffectItseemedtohavenodesiretorise.Onthe4th.theseabecamecalm.Passepartoutcheeredup!Thesailswerespread,andtheRangoonsailedatherfullspeed.Thetimelostcouldnot,however,begainedagain.Carnaticwould,ofcourse,bemissed.Atsixo'clockonthemorningofthe6th,thepilotwentonboardandguidedtheRangoonthroughthechannelstotheportofHongKong.PassepartoutstillwantedtoaskhimifCarnatichadleftforYokohama;buthedarednot.Mr.Fogg.however,didnothesitatetoapproachthepilot.“DoyouknowwhenashipwillleaveforYokohama?”“Athightidetomorrowmorning,”answeredthepilot“Whatistheship'sname?”“The‘Carnatic’”.“Oughtshenottohavegoneyesterday?”“Yes,sir,butoneofherboilers(锅炉)needsrepairing.”MrFogglookedcalmasusual,butPassepartoutheldthepilot’shandfirmly,“Pilot,youarethebest！”42.Fixwasgreatlysatisfiedwiththestormbecause______.A.theexperienceinthestormmadehimpleasedmentallyB.thedelayprovidedhimwithmoredaystolookintoFoggC.itwasn'tlikelythatthebankrobbergotintouchwithFoggD.hewasusedtolookingatthingsfromdifferentpointsofview43.AccordingtoParagraph4,abarometer________.A.failstoworkinastorm B.riseswithasuddenshakeC.makesastormlastlonger D.showsachangeintheweather44.WhycouldPhileasFoggandhisservantcatchCarnaticfinally?A.TherewassomethingwrongwithaboilerofCaratB.ThepilothadarrangedforCarnatictowaitforthemC.Theytookthestormandthedelayintoconsideration.D.Theweatherturnedfineandtheyarrivedinadvance.45.WhenPassepartoutspokehighlyofhim,thepilotwasmostlikelytofeel_____.A.happy B.anxiousC.puzzled D.angry【答案】42.B43.D44.A45.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇小说节选片段。节选于《八十天环游地球》。文章描述了天气原因，轮船Rangoon前进缓慢。船上不同的人有不同的心情。PhileasFogg很镇定，他的仆人Mr.Fogg却很心烦意乱，很着急。侦探Fix想到天气原因会让PhileasFogg在香港多呆几天，有助于他破案却暗自开心。第四天天气好了，Mr.Fogg很着急的去询问船长去横滨的船次。【42题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“EachdelayfilledhimwithhopethatFoghadtospendsomedaysinHongKong.Theweatherhelpedhim.”可知，每一次延迟都让Fix感到有希望让Fogg在香港多呆几天。这天气帮助了他。也就是说延迟能提供给他更多的时间来调查Fogg。故选B。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据barometer将答案定位在第四段内。由第四段中的“Hewantedtoknowexactlyhowlongthestormwasgoingtolast.”可知，由于Fogg的仆人想确切的知道暴风雨还将持续多久，所以船长让他去看晴雨表。可以推知晴雨表可以显示天气的变化。故选D。【44题详解】细节理解题。由文中的对话“Oughtshenottohavegoneyesterday?”“Yes,sir,butoneofherboilers(锅炉)needsrepairing.”可知，Carnatic本来是昨天要去横滨的，但是一个锅炉坏了需要修，所以推迟到了明天。故选A。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据故事情节，Mr.Fogg一直很担心天气的变化会影响到他们去横滨的船，最后得知船还没有离开，不会延误时特别激动。所以当他对船长说Pilot,youarethebest！时船长肯定很疑惑，Carnatic是由于锅炉坏了没有离开，跟他有什么关系呢？A.happy高兴的；B.anxious担忧的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.angry生气的。故选C。第四部分七选五(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenandwhydidyoustartrunning?ItwasMarch2017.Myfamilyhadgonethroughaterribleexperience.MynephewPeterhadhisarmsandlegscuttosavehislifefromtheafter-effectsofmeningitis(脑膜炎).___46___.Ineededtogetfitandhealthyformyfamily,tobecomearolemodelforthem.Peterinspiresmetolivelifetothefull:hedoesn’tlethisdisabilitygetinhisway!Whatraceresultareyoumostpleasedwith?I'mproudofalltheracesI’vedone.IneverthoughtI'dbeabletocallmyselfarunner.Inowregularlyraceandlovebringinghomemedalsformydaughterstobeinspiredby.___47___!What'snext?___48___.WestartedacampaigncalledHope4Peterandsupporthasbeenamazing:ourlocalcommunityhelpedraise₤240kforprostheticlegs(假肢)andphysiotherapy.We’vehadhugesupportfromMeningitisNowandTimeisPrecioustoo,andI’llberaisingmoneyforthem,butalsopushingPeteraroundthefullcourse.___49___.Whatdoesrunningmeantoyou?I’vesufferedwithmentalhealthproblemsandrunninggivesmeaclearheadandremovesnegative(消极的)thoughtsandstress.___50___.Weshouldbesogratefulforourbodiesandwhatamazingthingstheycando!A.ItwasquiteashocktomeB.TheLondonHalfMarathonC.ThatmakesmekeeprunningD.MyfavoritethingtodoisrunamarathonE.IlovethefreedomofitandIlovethefactIcanrunF.NochildhasevertakenpartinthefullhalfmarathonG.Idolovetohaveacoolchocolate,bananaandapplepieafterrunning【答案】46.A47.C48.B49.F50.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇记