2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4Historyandtraditions预习新知早知道教案新人教版必修第二册

PAGE1-Unit4HistoryandtraditionsⅠ.匹配词义()1.philosophy A．n.港口(城市)()2.chief B．n.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景()3.military C．n.哲学()4.gallery D．adj.最重要的；最高级别的n． (公司或机构的)首领；酋长()5.port E．n.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊()6.landscape F．n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县()7.county G．n.酒吧；酒馆()8.pub H．adj.军事的；军用的()9.belongto I．留心；留意()10.keepyoureyes/open(for) J．属于[答案]1－5CDHEA6－10BFGJIⅡ.默写单词1．individualadj.单独的；个别的n．个人2．legaladj.法律的；合法的3．locationn．地方；地点；位置4．battlen．战役；搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗，奋斗5．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的6．ancestorn．祖宗；祖先7．rollvi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动n8．customn．风俗；习俗；习惯9．positionn．位置；职位；姿态10．ensurevt.保证；确保；担保Ⅰ.语境填空amount；nearby；surround；eager；roll；custom；conquer；individual；battle；chief1．Hemighteasilyhavebeenseenbysomeonewholivednearby．2．Willfoundhimselfimmediatelysurroundedbyscreamingfans.3．Thebehaviorofmenasindividualsisdifferentfromtheirbehaviorinagroup.4．We'llkeepbattlingawayandhopethatthegoalsstarttocome.5．Manynewcouplesareeagertoadoptthechildrenlosingtheirparentsintheearthquake.6．Theysaidgoodbyetothevillagers，withtearsrollingdowntheircheeks.7．Peoplethrewcoinsontothestage，aswasoneofthecustoms．8．Inthelastfewyears，thecompanyhassucceededinconqueringtheEuropeanmarket.9．Riceisthechiefcropinmostsouthernprovinces.10．Peopleshoulddecreasetheamountoffattheyeat.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Therewereanumberoflocations(locate)wherethekingsofEgyptbuiltpyramids.2．Lookingback，Dianaowesherachievements(achieve)tothegoalsheset，andaboveall，theeffortsshemade.3．Ourmilkpowderhelpsalottobuildthebody'snaturaldefence(defend).4．There'safascinating(fascinate)drivemarkedoutfortourists.5．Whatevidence(evident)wastherethatoldTomwashelpingthewhalersout?6．WhenIlearnedthathewasill，Isenthimagreeting(greet)card.7．Thosewoodsgaveusallasenseofbelonging(belong).8．Inmylastsemesterofcollege，myfavouriteprofessormadeanannouncement(announce)thathewouldbeteachingastudy­abroadcourseoverthewinterbreakinCambodia.9．Whileeating，weChineseoftensaytotheguests，“Eatslowly.”Thiswouldbeverypuzzling(puzzle)toforeigners.10．It'sillegal(legal)toreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.1．I'mnotgoodatmaps—they'remyAchilles'heel.我不擅长看地图——它们是我的致命弱点。2．Noway，youarepullingmyleg，right?没门，你在戏弄我，对吧？3．IneedallthehelpIcanget—I'mlikeafishoutofwater!我须要我能得到的一切帮助——我像一条离开水的鱼。4．Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname：“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”．大多数人只运用简称：“联合王国”或“英国”。5．Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes，withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光安静秀美，郡县草木葱郁，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。名师圈点①beconfusedby对……感到迷惑②ifany假如有什么的话※ifso假如那样③alittlebit一点儿④puzzlen．谜；智力嬉戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑※solveapuzzle解决难题puzzlingadj.令人困惑的puzzledadj.感到困惑的⑤nearbyadj.旁边的；邻近的adv.在旁边⑥Wales威尔士(英国)⑦join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来※joinsb.indoingsth.加入某人一起做某事⑧Scotland苏格兰(英国)⑨addv．增加，增加⑩breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱⑪resultin导致※resultfrom由于⑫NorthernIreland北爱尔兰(英国)⑬shortenvt.缩短※­en是动词后缀，意为“使具有某种特性”。⑭referto...as...把……称为……⑮belongto属于belongvi.应在(某处)；适应⑯arean．[熟词生义]领域，方面⑰aswellas同(一样也)；和；还※aswellas用于连接两个并列成分。※aswellas连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数和第一个主语一样。⑱currencyn．通货；货币⑲militaryadj.军事的；军用的⑳defencen．防卫；保卫eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))forexample例如eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))legaladj.法律的；合法的※illegaladj.不合法的；非法的illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))surroundvt.围绕；包围※besurroundedby被……包围eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))evidencen．证据，证明eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))takeover接管，掌管eq\o(○,\s\up2(26))throughoutprep.贯穿，遍及eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))Romanadj.古罗马的；罗马的n.古罗马人；罗马市民eq\o(○,\s\up2(28))achievementn．成就；成果；达到eq\o(○,\s\up2(29))includedoingsth.包括做某事eq\o(○,\s\up2(30))Anglo­Saxon盎格鲁—撒克逊人eq\o(○,\s\up2(31))Vikingn．维京人；北欧海盗eq\o(○,\s\up2(32))leavebehind留下eq\o(○,\s\up2(33))locationn．地方；地点；位置eq\o(○,\s\up2(34))Normanadj.诺曼式的；诺曼人的※theNormans诺曼人eq\o(○,\s\up2(35))conquervt.占据；折服；限制eq\o(○,\s\up2(36))BattleofHastings黑斯廷斯战役※battlen．战役；搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗eq\o(○,\s\up2(37))enterinto成为……的一部分；影响eq\o(○,\s\up2(38))portn．港口(城市)eq\o(○,\s\up2(39))datebackto(＝datefrom)上溯至eq\o(○,\s\up2(40))alltheway始终eq\o(○,\s\up2(41))allovertheUK全英国※alloverChina全中国eq\o(○,\s\up2(42))fascinatingadj.极有吸引力的；迷人的eq\o(○,\s\up2(43))keepyoureyesopen(for)留心；留意eq\o(○,\s\up2(44))besurprisedtodosth.很惊异地做某事原文呈现WHAT'SINANAME?TheUnitedKingdom，GreatBritain，Britain，England—manypeopleareconfusedby①whatthesedifferentnamesmean[1].Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem，ifany②？Gettingtoknowalittlebit③aboutBritishhistory[2]willhelpyousolvethispuzzle④.[1]what引导的从句作介词by的宾语，what在从句中作mean的宾语。[2]Gettingtoknow...是动名词短语作主语。Inthe16thcentury，thenearby⑤countryofWales⑥wasjoinedto⑦theKingdomofEngland.Later，inthe18thcentury，thecountryScotland⑧wasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury，theKingdomofIrelandwasadded⑨tocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally，inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfrom⑩theUK，whichresultedin⑪thefullnamewehavetoday[3]：theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland⑫.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortened⑬name：“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”．PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”，whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoas⑭BritainorGreatBritain[4].[3]which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句的内容。其中wehavetoday是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰thefullname。[4]whichmeans...是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。Thefourcountriesthatbelongto⑮theUnitedKingdom[5]worktogetherinsomeareas⑯.Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack[6]，aswellas⑰sharethesamecurrency⑱andmilitary⑲defence⑳.However，theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexampleeq\o(○,\s\up6(21))，England，Wales，Scotland，andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegaleq\o(○,\s\up6(22))systems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions，liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup![5]thatbelongto...是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰thefourcountries，that在从句中作主语。[6]过去分词短语knownastheUnionJack作后置定语，修饰thesameflag。TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore[7]，whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions[8].AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK[9]，youwillbesurroundedeq\o(○,\s\up6(23))byevidenceeq\o(○,\s\up6(24))offourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookovereq\o(○,\s\up6(25))atdifferenttimesthroughouteq\o(○,\s\up6(26))history[10].Thefirstgroup，theRomanseq\o(○,\s\up6(27))[11]，cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievementseq\o(○,\s\up6(28))includedbuildingtownseq\o(○,\s\up6(29))androads.Next，theAnglo­Saxonseq\o(○,\s\up6(30))arrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage，andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses[12].TheVikingseq\o(○,\s\up6(31))cameintheeighthcentury，leftbehindeq\o(○,\s\up6(32))lotsofnewvocabulary，andalsothenamesofmanylocationseq\o(○,\s\up6(33))acrosstheUK.ThelastgroupweretheNormanseq\o(○,\s\up6(34)).Theyconqueredeq\o(○,\s\up6(35))Englandafterthewell­knownBattleofHastingseq\o(○,\s\up6(36))inthe11thcentury.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland[13]，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench，somanyFrenchwordsslowlyenteredintoeq\o(○,\s\up6(37))theEnglishlanguage.[7]不定式toexplore作定语，修饰history。[8]whichcanhelpyou...是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰history，which在从句中作主语。[9]...everywhereyougointheUK是状语从句，everywhere“到处，到处”，引导状语从句。[10]whotookover...是who引导的定语从句，修饰fourdifferentgroupsofpeople，who在从句中作主语。[11]theRomans作thefirstgroup的同位语。[12]thewaypeoplebuilthouses是省略了关系代词that或inwhich的定语从句，修饰theway，that或inwhich在从句中作方式状语。[13]hadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland是havesth.done结构，表示“让某事被做”。Thereissomuchmoretolearn[14]abouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable．[15]ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart，asitisanancientporteq\o(○,\s\up6(38))citythathasahistorydatingeq\o(○,\s\up6(39))allthewayeq\o(○,\s\up6(40))backtoRomantimes．[16].Therearecountlesshistoricsitestoexplore，andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUKeq\o(○,\s\up6(41)).TheUKisafascinatingeq\o(○,\s\up6(42))mixofhistoryandmodernculture，withbothnewandoldtraditions.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopeneq\o(○,\s\up6(43))，youwillbesurprisedtofindeq\o(○,\s\up6(44))thatyoucanseebothitspastandits