2024-2025学年高中英语Unit3InventorsandinventionsSection2作业含解析新人教版选修8

Unit3SectionⅡ请同学们仔细完成练案[8]Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Thefreezing(寒冷的)weatherchilledmetothebone.2．Thegreengrocer(蔬菜水果商)triedtosellmywifesomeoverripefruit.3．Iusedmydriver'slicenseasidentification.4．Icanfindhistelephonenumberinthetelephonedirectory.5．Putinthemoneybeforedialing.6．Thecropsweredrownedbytheheavyrainfall.7．Theyhaveimprisonedaninnocent(清白的，无辜的)man.8．The15thofthefirstmonthinthelunarcalendarintheLanternFestival.9．Shebears(忍受)painwithgreatcourage.10．Icannotbearthetrafficjam.Ⅱ.完成句子1．家中养猫我受不了。Ican'tbearhavingacatinthehouse.2．他没作弊。Heisinnocentofcheating.3．我们离开时，气温已降到冰点以下了。Itwaswellbelowfreezingwhenweleft.4．自从我两年前离开这个镇以来，几乎没有什么改变。ThereisalmostnothingchangedsinceIleftthetowntwoyearsago.5．由我带大的她的女儿现在已经起先工作了。Herdaughterbroughtupbymehasbeguntoworknow.6．那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就安静下来了。Theinspiredsoldiersooncalmeddown.7．他不想让这样的问题在会上探讨。Hewon'tlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.8．屋外景色迷人，白雪覆盖着大地。Theoutsidesightlooksbeautifulwitheverythingcoveredwithsnow.9．他们打算让人把门厅粉刷成白色。Theyaregoingtohavetheentrancehallpaintedwhite.10．汤姆听起来对这份工作特别感爱好，但是我不确定是否他能做好。Tomsoundsveryinterestedinthejob,butI'mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2024·新高考浙江卷)Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay­reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright(剧作家)hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However,avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludecomedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility(多面性)oftheshortplay,Ihaveincludedaguidanceplay,aradioplayandatelevisionplay.Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection,PaulGreen,SusanGlaspell,MaxwellAnderson,ThorntonWilder,WilliamSaroyan,andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributionstothetheater.Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.Togetthemostoutofreadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.Thehouselightsdim(变暗).Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的书籍的序言部分，包括其编写目的，书籍内容主体，以及如何实现有乐趣的阅读本书的建议。1．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph？BA．Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B．Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C．Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D．Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段内容“…andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers”可知，作者编辑这本书的最好的缘由是希望与他人共享对戏剧的热忱，因此可知作者对于戏剧饱含热忱。故选B项。2．Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork？AA．Statingtheplays'centralideas.B．Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C．Includingvarioustypesofplays.D．Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段内容“Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.”可知，作者并不想指出这本书中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样的确会破坏阅读、探讨和思索戏剧以及剧作家的有效性的乐趣。A项“Statingtheplays'centralideas(陈述戏剧的中心思想)”与原文表达信息一样。故选A项。3．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays？CA．Controltheirfeelings.B．Applytheiractingskills.C．Usetheirimagination.D．Keeptheiraudienceinmind.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章末尾段内容“Togetthemostoutofthereadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.”可知，作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演，不再是读者而是成为观众，才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣。C项“Usetheirimagination”与原文“trytopicturetheplayonthestage”表达信息一样。故选C项。4．Whatisthistext？BA．Ashortstory.B．Anintroductiontoabook.C．Aplayreview.D．Anadvertisementforatheater.解析：推理推断题。依据文章首段内容“Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay­reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers”可知，该句内容应是书籍的“自序”内容，且结合末尾“Togetthemostoutofthereadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.”可知，在讲解并描述如何更好地实现阅读乐趣，再结合全文内容可推知，作者通过该文章介绍自己的一本书。故选B项。BEvenforafirst­timevisitortoChina,itisimpossibletoignorethepopularityofQuick­Response(QR)codes.Thesesquare­shapedblack­and­whitesymbolsinWeChatorAlipaywhereQRcodesarescannedtoaddnewfriendsormakepayments.TheQRCodesystemoriginatedinJapan.TheengineerMasahiroHarafeltthelimitationoftheone­dimensionbarcodeinuseandthusdevelopedtheQRcodeswhichcouldcarrydatahorizontallyandvertically.QRcodescouldholdmuchmoreinformationthanbarcodeduetotheirextradimension.Inaddition,QRcodeshavelargerdatacapacity,smallerprint—outsizeandhigherresistancetodirtanddamage,whichmakethemwidelyappliedinmanyotherapplications.ThoughthetechnologyofQRcodesiscomplicated,wecaneasilycreateourownQRcodeswiththehelpofQRcodegenerators,manyofwhichareavailableonlineforfree.UserscouldenterthedatatheywishtheQRcodetodisplay,andthegeneratorturnsitintoasymbolthatcanbeprintedordisplayedinelectronicform.TheprocessofcreatingQRcodescouldbereallyfunwhenwecustomisethedesignofthecodesaccordingtoourspecificneeds.Forinstance,wecanadjustthecolor,addalogo,andcreatesocialoptionsetc.Moreover,dynamic(动态的)QRcodesarealsoavailable.TheyaremorevariousthanstandardQRcodesbecausetheyallowuserstoeditdataenteredpreviouslywhereasdatainstandardQRcodescannotbeeditedonceprinted.Plus,don'tlimityourQRcodetoonemobilescanner.Anyonecanscanyourcodewithanyreader.Alowerbarriertoentrymakessuccessmorelikelyforyouandtheuser.Meanwhile,wemustalsorecognizethevulnerabilityofQRcodes.Duetoitseasyaccess,criminalscanstealsimplybyreplacingtheQRcodeswiththeirown,routingcashintotheirownbankaccounts.Hence,weshouldallbecomemoreconscioustowardsvirtualmoneytransactionsthroughQRcodesandparticipateinadditionalsecuritymeasures.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了二维码的优点和缺点。5．WhichofthefollowingisNOTafunctionofQRcodes？BA．Datastorage. B．Scanningreader.C．Socialnetworking. D．Mobilepayment.解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中Thesesquare­shapedblack­and­whitesymbolsinWeChatorAlipaywhereQRcodesarescannedtoaddnewfriendsormakepayments.和其次段中的Inaddition,QRcodeshavelargerdatacapacity,smallerprint—outsizeandhigherresistancetodirtanddamage，可知，A/C/D项是二维码的功能，B项不是。故选B。6．Whyisbarcodementionedinparagraph2？CA．Tointroducethemaintopic.B．Toshowtheauthor'sattitude.C．TohighlightthefeaturesofQRcodes.D．Toaddsomebackgroundknowledge.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中QRcodescouldholdmuchmoreinformationthanbarcodeduetotheirextradimension.“由于二维码的额外尺寸，它可以比条形码包含更多的信息。”可知，在其次段提到条形码是为了突出二维码的特点。故选C。7．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“vulnerability”underlinedinparagraph4？BA．Threat. B．Weakness.C．Difficulty. D．Simplicity.解析：词义揣测题。依据最终一段中Duetoitseasyaccess,criminalscanstealsimplybyreplacingtheQRcodeswiththeirown,routingcashintotheirownbankaccounts.“由于二维码便利获得，犯罪分子只需用自己的二维码替换二维码，将现金转入自己的银行账户就可以进行盗窃。”可知这一段是在讲二维码的缺点。由此推知划线词的意思是“缺点”。故选B。8．WhichistrueaboutQRcodesaccordingtothetext？DA．TheywerefirstusedinChina.B．Thegeneratorschargetheusersalot.C．DataeditingispossibleinprintedQRcodes.D．MorescanningdevicesareavailableinreadingQRcodes.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中don'tlimityourQRcodetoonemobilescanner.Anyonecanscanyourcodewithanyreader.Alowerbarriertoentrymakessuccessmorelikelyforyouandtheuser.“不要把你的二维码限制在一个移动扫描仪上。任何人都可以用任何阅读器扫描代码。进入门槛越低，你和用户胜利的可能性就越大。”可知，更多扫描设备可以读取二维码。故选D。Ⅳ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Inanonlineclass，developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.1.EWhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach，thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.Do's•2.GQuestionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign，readthesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsight.•Participateindiscussionforums(论坛)，blogsandotheropen­endedforumsfordialogue.3.ABesuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint，andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.Don'ts•Don'tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses，financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension，simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.4.C•Don'topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.5.FWhenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia，thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor'sprofessionalismorability，besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.A．That'swhattheyarefor.B．Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C．Ifmoreinformationisneeded，theywillask.D．Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E．Belowaresomecommondo'sanddon'tsforonlinelearners.F．Everyonehastakenanot­so­greatclassatonetimeoranother.G．Askquestions，butmakesuretheyaregood，thoughtfulquestions.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课老师建立健康有益的互动沟通。这篇文章视角独特，提倡主动和谐的人际关系和人文情怀。解析：1．关联逻辑法解题。空格前说，在网络课堂上，与授课老师建立健康的沟通模式是特别重要的，空格后说，虽然“我”每个只列出了两条，但明显还有很多其他状况可能发生。下面的段落紧接着介绍了沟通的留意事项——两“做”和两“不做”，因此E项“下面是在线学习者应当做和不应当做的一些常见事情。”符合语境。本设空类型属于细微环节理解类。2．设题位置法解题。空格后说，与主题内容相关的问题通常会受欢迎。在询问有关课程设计的问题之前，阅读教学大纲和学习管理系统信息，以确保答案不会隐藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知，此段表达要提出好的有水平的问题，故选G项“问问题，但要确保这些问题是好的、深思熟虑的问题。”。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。3．关联逻辑法解题。空格前说，参与论坛、博客和其他开放式论坛来进行对话，空格后为参与论坛等的一些留意事项，A项“那就是它们的作用。”符合语境。本设空类型属于细微环节理解类。4．关联逻辑法解题。空格前交代，假如你须要延长最终期限，只需向授课老师说明一下状况，故选C项“假如须要更多的信息，他们会询问。”。本设空类型属于细微环节理解类。5．关联逻辑法解题。空格前说，不要公开表达对授课老师或课程的不满，空格后提及，假如授课老师的专业水平或实力的确令人担忧，肯定要运用在线课程评价来冷静地发表你的看法，因此F项“每个人都曾经有过不太好的上课经验。”符合语境。本设空类型属于细微环节理解类。Ⅴ.应用文写作(2024·新高考天津卷)假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你校于6月8日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国挚友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍相关状况，内容包括：1．成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事迹录像)；2．对活动的感受；3．对自己将来的展望。留意：1．词数不少于100；2．可适当加入细微环节，使内容充溢、行方连贯；3．开头已给出，