用还原法解决定语从句难题

用“还原法”解决定语从句的难题定语从句原本就是一个完整的句子，用个关系代词或关系副词引导而成为从句。因为关系代此和关系副词要位于从句的开头，改变了原来句子的结构的顺序，常常会给定语从句的使用和理解造成困难。用“还原法”将定语从句还原成原来的独立句子往往可以简化难点，使问题变得容易。关系代词或关系副词的选择和which前的介词的选择是中学生英语中定语从句内容的重难点，本文仅在这两个方面向读者演示“还原法”的使用，希望对读者在解决类似问题时有些帮助。一、是用关系代词还是关系副词？众所周知，关系代词替代先行名词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语；关系副词替代“介词+先行名词”，在定语从句中充当状语。据此，在还原的句子里，通过分析句子的构成，可以容易地断定先行词在句子中的作用，从而使用适当的关系词。如：1.

Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.until

B.that

C.when

D.where定语从句还原为：InthehoursIwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.故选when作时间状语。2.

Thehours_____thechildrenspendntheirone-wayrelationshipwithtelevisionpeopleundoubtedlyafecttheirrelationshipwithreal-lifepeople.A.that

B.when

C.inwhich

D.onwhich

定语从句还原为：Thechildrenspendthehoursintheirone-wayrelatioshipwithtelevisionpeople.先行词thehours在这里作spend及物动词的宾语，故选关系代词that。3.

Wearelivinginanage_____manythingsaredoneoncomputers.A.which

B.that

C.whose

D.when

定语从句还原为：Inthisagemanythingsaredoneoncomputers.故选when表达inthiscage义，作时间状语。4.

Anyway,thatevening,_______I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.A.when

B.where

C.what

D.which定语从句还原为:I’lltellyoumoreaboutthateveninglater.先行词在这里作介词about的宾语，故选which。5.

Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace_______,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.A.which

B.where

C.there

D.what定语从句还原为:Intheplaceeatingisperformedquickly.故选where作地点状语。其中的justasthenamesuggests是为了增加难度而设的，应去不作考虑。6.

York,_______lastyear,isaniceoldcity.A.thatIvisited

B.whichIvisited

C.whereIvisited

D.inwhichIvisited

定语从句还原为:IvisitedYorklastyear.先行词在这里作及物动词visited的宾语，故选关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。7.

York,______westayedfortwomonthslastyear,isaniceoldcity.A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when定语从句还原为:先行词york在这里与in一起作地点状语，故用C.where。另亦可用inwhich。8.

Isthisthereason______atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplained

B.whatheexplained

C.howheexplained

D.whyheexplained还原定语从句成：Heexplainedthereasonatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork.先行词thereason在这里作宾语，因而要用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。而关系代词作宾语被省略，故选A。9.

Isthisthereason______hedidn’tattendthemeeting?A.onwhich

B.why

C.where

D.which还原定语从句成：Hedidn’tattendthemeetingforthereason.先行词thereason与介词for结合，作原因状语，故选why表达forthereason义。另亦可用forwhich。10.

Asian-Americans,_______populationisincreasingrapidly,willbecomeanimportantminorityintheUSA.A.whose

B.who

C.its

D.their定语从句还原为:Asian-Americans’populationisincreasingrapidly.先行词Asian-americans在这里用所有格作定语，故选whose表达Asian-Americans’义，作定语。二、用什么介词？当“介词+which”放在定语从句首位时，会给介词的确定或其它方面问题造成困难。把定语从句还原为独立的句子、使介词回归原位后问题往往能迎刃而解。1.

Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmap,_____whichwewouldhavelostourway.A.with

B.without

C.for

D.on定语从句还原为：Wewouldhavelostourway_____theroadmap.根据句意，应该用without。2.

Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.A.who

B.as

C.aboutwhich

D.withwhom定语从句还原为：Theycantalk____themfrequently.根据句意用with才对。3.

Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_____thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhich

B.duringwhich

C.fromwhich

D.forwhich定语从句还原为：Thesailingtimeiftheninemonthswas226days.根据此句容易看出用ofwhich正确。4.

Thewrongyou’vedonehimisaterrible,____whichyoushouldmakeanapologytohim,Ithink.A.for

B.at

C.in

D.to定语从句还原为：Youshouldmakeanapologytohimforthewrong,Ithink.5.

CarolsaidthattheworkwouldbewelldonebytheendofOctober,_____personallyIwonderedcompletely.A.which

B.atwhich

C.inwhich

D.aboutwhich

定语从句还原为：PersonallyIwondered______itcompletely.要用at与wonder搭配，故选B。6.

LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems,____gettingwaterisnottheleast..A.as

B.forwhich

C.ofwhich

D.whose定语从句还原为：Gettingwaterisnottheleastoftheproblems.

显然应选C。7．LiuXiangwonagoldmedalinthe2004AthensOlympics,_____whichallChinesefeelproud.

A.for

B.of

C.at

D.on定语从句还原为：Allchinesefeelproudofit.要用of与proud搭配，故选B正确。练习：1.

Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,_____othervisitorsseldomgo.A.what

B.which

C.where

D.when2.Therearedirtymarksonhertrousers_______shehadwipedherhands.

A.where

B.which

C.when

D.that3.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_______heislikelytolosecontroloertheplane.

A.where

B.which

C.while

D.why4.Icanthinkofmanycases________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.

A.why

B.which

C.as

D.where5.Iworkinabusiness_______almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.

A.how

B.which

C.where

D.that6.Doyouthinkthereason_______hegaveisbelievable?

A.forwhich

B.which

C.why

D.what7.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatinetreachesthepoint___