2024-2025学年高中英语Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestarsSectionⅢ-Grammar习题含解析新人教版必修3

PAGEUnit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestarsSectionⅢ—Grammar课后篇巩固提升一、依据句意用适当的词填空1.Theylosttheirwayintheforestandmademattersworsewasnightbegantofall.

答案what;that2.ItissaidPeterwillhaveachancetotravelabroadnextmonth.

答案that3.theastronomerseatinspaceiswewanttoknow.

答案How/What;what4.helosthisnewcarupsethimalot.

答案That5.Ireadaboutitinthisbookorthatone.Doesitmatteritwas?

答案which6.answersthequestioncorrectlywillbegivenaprize.

答案Whoever7.hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisunknown.

答案Why8.wewillgotheretomorrowornothasn’tbeendecidedyet.

答案Whether9.willbesenttohelpthemisveryimportant.

答案Who10.thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.

答案When11.Itdoesn’tmatteryouwinorlose.

答案whether12.Heexplainedwhyhedidit,buthediditoftenremainedamystery.Nooneknewabouttheprocess.

答案how13.Itworriedthemotheralotshecouldn’taffordthemedicaltreatmentforherson.

答案that14.Itisafactfootballisoneofthemostpopularsportsthroughouttheworld.

答案that15.weshouldputthemoneyishardtodecide.Noplaceseemstobesafe.

答案Where二、请将下列每组句子合并成带主语从句的复合句1.SomeschoolsinGuangzhoutookinstudentsfromSichuan.Itistrue.

答案ItistruethatsomeschoolsinGuangzhoutookinstudentsfromSichuan./ThatsomeschoolsinGuangzhoutookinstudentsfromSichuanistrue.2.Whatcausedthisstrangephenomenon?Itremainsunknown.

答案Whatcausedthisstrangephenomenonremainsunknown./Itremainsunknownwhatcausedthisstrangephenomenon.3.Canhecatchthebus?Itisnotclear.

答案Whetherhecancatchthebusisnotclear./It’snotclearwhetherhecancatchthebus.4.Whenwillthemeetingbeheld?Itisstillaquestion.

答案Whenthemeetingwillbeheldisstillaquestion./It’sstillaquestionwhenthemeetingwillbeheld.5.Theyoungmandiedsoonafterhewassaved.Itmadetherescuersverysad.

答案Whatmadetherescuersverysadwasthattheyoungmandiedsoonafterhewassaved./Itmadetherescuersverysadthattheyoungmandiedsoonafterhewassaved.三、翻译句子1.Itworriedherabitthatherhairwasturninggrey.

答案她的头发变白这件事让她有点担忧。2.Whetherwe’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.

答案我们明天是否会去野营取决于天气。3.Whatmakesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.

答案使这家商店别出心裁的是它供应更多的个人服务。4.Whoeverwantstostayinthehotelhastopaytheirownway.

答案任何想住在这家宾馆的人都必需自己付钱。5.HowtheancientEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidspuzzledpeopleforcenturies.

答案古代埃及人是如何建立金字塔困扰人们好几个世纪了。6.Thattheearthmovesaroundthesuniswellknowntousall.

答案地球围绕太阳转是众所周知的。7.Isitdecidedthattheystarttheprojectnextweek?

答案他们下周起先这个项目的事确定了吗?8.Itmatterslittlehowapersondies,butwhatmattersmuchmoreishowhelives.

答案一个人怎么死的不太重要,但重要的是他是如何活着的。四、完形填空(2024·全国Ⅲ高考)ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March—1sixmonthsoutoftheyear.

“Ofcourse,we2itwhenthesunisshining,”saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown’stourismoffice.“Weseetheskyis3,butdowninthevalleyit’sdarker—it’slikeona4day.”

Butthat5whenasystemofhigh-tech6wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks(山峰)intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents(居民)ofRjukan7theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto8.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat9themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe10andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam(束)oflightontothetown’scentral11,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight12,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.

“Peoplehavebeen13thereandstandingthereandtaking14ofeachother,”Rosays.“Thetownsquarewastotally15.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere.”The3,500residentscannotall16thesunshineatthesametime.17,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown’s18residents.

“It’snotvery19,”shesays,“butitisenoughwhenweare20.”

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了挪威的Rjukan小镇由于安装了高科技反射镜系统,享受到了久违的阳光。1.A.only B.obviously C.nearly D.precisely答案C解析依据上文提到的“fromlateSeptembertomid-March”可知,Rjukan有将近六个月接受不到阳光照射,故选nearly,意为“几乎,差不多”。only“唯一的;仅有的”;obviously“明显地”;precisely“精确地;恰好地”。2.A.fear B.believe C.hear D.notice答案D解析依据下文中的“Weseetheskyis...”可知,当太阳照射的时候,居民们留意到了这一点。notice“留意;留意”;fear“畏惧;胆怯 ”;believe“信任”;hear“听到”。故选D项。3.A.empty B.blue C.high D.wide答案B解析当太阳照射时,天空是蓝色的(blue);但在山谷中,天空就暗下来了。4.A.cloudy B.normal C.different D.warm答案A解析依据上文中的“butdowninthevalleyit’sdarker”可知此处表示就像是阴天(cloudy)一样。normal“正常的”;different“不同的”;warm“暖和的”。5.A.helped B.changed C.happened D.mattered答案B解析依据下文中的“theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine”可知,Rjukan的居民们享受到了第一缕暖阳,近半年得不到太阳照射的现象得以变更(change)。6.Aputers B.telescopes C.mirrors D.cameras答案C解析依据下文中的“Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat...”可知,小镇安装了高科技的反射镜系统,mirror意为“镜子”。computer“电脑”;telescope“望远镜”;camera“照相机”。7.A.remembered B.forecastedC.received D.imagined答案C解析依据下文中的“theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine”可知,小镇装上了高科技反射镜系统,居民们得以接收到了(received)冬季第一缕阳光的照射。8.A.repair B.risk C.rest D.use答案D解析依据上文中的“Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainside”可知,反射板被用来反射阳光,此处用固定搭配put...touse“利用……”。故选D项。9.A.forbids B.directs C.predicts D.follows答案B解析依据上文可知,这些反射镜由一台电脑限制,电脑可依据太阳位置的变更,指挥(directs)反射镜旋转。10.A.day B.night C.month D.year答案A解析电脑依据一成天(throughouttheday)太阳位置的变更,指挥反射镜旋转,以有效反射旁边山峰上的太阳光。night“夜晚”;month“月份”;year“年”。11.A.library B.hall C.square D.street答案C解析依据下文中的“Thetownsquarewastotally.”可知,应当是反射镜系统将集中的光线反射到小镇的中心广场(square)上,形成近600平方米的光区。

12.A.appeared B.returned C.faded D.stopped答案A解析依据上文中的“creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters”可知,当光线出现(appeared)的时候,小镇居民从四周聚集而来。return“返回”;fade“褪去,失去光泽”;stop“停止”。13.A.driving B.hiding C.camping D.sitting答案D解析依据上文可知,居民聚集到广场,或坐(sitting),或站,相互拍照。14.A.pictures B.notes C.care D.hold答案A解析见上题解析。takepictures“拍照”;takenotes“记笔记”;takecare“照看”;takehold“抓住”。15.A.new B.full C.flat D.silent答案B解析依据下文中的“Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere.”可知来到广场上的居民许多,因此整个广场是满的。故选B项。16.A.block B.avoid C.enjoy D.store答案C解析依据上文可知,广场上的人许多。由此可推想3,500位居民无法同时享受(enjoy)阳光。block“阻挡;堵塞”;avoid“避开,避开”;store“贮存”。17.A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly答案B解析依据下文中的“morethanenough”可知此处表示转折,因此选B项,意为“然而”。instead“代替”;gradually“逐步地,慢慢地”;similarly“相像地;类似地”。18.A.nature-loving B.energy-savingC.weather-beaten D.sun-starved答案D解析依据上文可知,居民近半年时间享受不到阳光照射,所以此处表示渴望阳光的(sun-starved)居民。19.A.big B.clear C.cold D.easy答案A解析依据上文以及下文中的“butitisenough”可知,反射过来的阳光面积并不大(big)。20.A.trying B.waiting C.watching D.sharing答案D解析此处表示虽然阳光面积不大,但也足够居民们共享(share)。try“尝试”;wait“等待”;watch“观看”。五、语篇填空Globalwarmingcouldmakehumansshorter.Scientistsclaim(声称)tohavefoundevidencethatitcausedtheworld’sfirsthorses1.(become)smallernearly50millionyearsago.Infact,ateamfromtheuniversitiesofFloridaandNebraskasays2.hasfoundalinkbetweentheearthheatingupandthesizeofhorses,duringthelasttimetheworldheatedup.Thescientistsusedfossilstofollowtheevolutionofhorsesfromtheirearliest3.(appear)56millionyearsago.Astemperatureswentup,theirsizewent4..Thescientistssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffect5.mammalsandcouldevenmakehumans6.(small).“Horsesstartedoutsmall,aboutthesizeofasmalldog.What’s7.(surprise)isthataftertheyfirstappeared,theythenbecameevensmallerandthendramaticallyincreasedinsize,andthat8.(exact)correspondsto(符合)theglobalwarmingevent,followedbycooling.”“Ithadbeenknownthatmammals9.(be)smallduringthelastwarmtime,10.wehadn’trealisedthattemperaturespecificallywasdrivingtheevolutionofbo