第06讲八年级下册Unit 1 重点知识先知-2024年八年级英语寒假提升学与练（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE1第06讲八年级下册Unit1（人教版）重点知识先知目录新知导航：熟悉课程内容、掌握知识脉络基础知识：知识点全面梳理，掌握必备重点记忆：关键点快速记忆，提升能力小试牛刀：考点剖析+过关检测，合理应用考点1What’sthematter?的用法教材原文What’sthematter?怎么了？本句是常见的口语表达，意为“怎么了？”“出什么事了？”，若询问“某人怎么了?”要用“What’sthematterwith.sb.?”。-What’sthematterwithJenny?珍妮怎么了？-Shehasabadcold.她得了重感冒。拓展What’sthematterwithsb.?的同义表达有:What’swrongwithsb.?What’sone’strouble?What’sthetroublewithsb.?考点2疾病类短语的表达教材原文Ihaveastomachache.我胃痛。haveastomachache是固定搭配，意为“胃痛”。Ihadastomachachelastnight.我昨天晚上胃痛。拓展疾病类短语1.havea+疾病haveacold感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽2.havea+身体部位-achehaveatoothache牙痛haveaheadache头痛3.haveasore+身体部位haveasorethroat咽喉痛haveasoreback背痛考点3liedown的用法教材原文Ithinkyoushouldliedownandrest.我觉得你应该躺下休息。liedown是固定短语，意为“躺下”。其中lie是动词，意为“躺；平躺”。lie的现在分词是lying。Don’tlieinbedallmorning!别一上午都躺在床上！Themanislyingonthebeachandenjoyingthesunshine.那个男人正躺在沙滩上享受阳光。拓展lie还有如下词性和含义：①作动词，意为“位于”。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中国的东部。②作动词，意为“撒谎；说谎”。Don’tbelieveherbecauseshealwayslies.别信她，因为她总是说谎。③作名词，意为“谎言”。telllies/alie意为“说谎”。Youshouldn’ttellliestoyourparents.你不应该对你的父母说谎。注意lie的含义以及易混过去式和过去分词：含义过去式过去分词躺；平躺laylain位于撒谎；说谎liedlied温馨提示其中lay还有“放置，安放，搁；产卵”之意，其过去式：laid，过去分词：laid。考点4getoff的用法教材原文Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.他下车问那个女人发生了什么事情。getoff是固定短语，意为“下车”。Idon’tknowwheretogetoff.我不知道要在哪里下车。拓展常见的get短语有：getup起来，起床getto到达＝reach,arrivein/atgetready(for..,)(为……)做准备geton上车geton/along相处；进展getoff下车getin到达；当选getout从……出去；(信息)泄露getinto陷入；进入getback回来getdown写下,记下考点5toone’ssurprise和agree的用法教材原文Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.但是令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。①toone’ssurprise意为“使……惊讶的是；出乎……的意料”；surprise是名词，意为“惊讶；惊奇”。Tomysurprise,thegirlcouldseenothing.令我吃惊的是，这个女孩什么也看不见。拓展surprise的形容词surprising“令人惊讶的”，常用来形容事/物。Thisisasurprisinggift.这是一份令人惊讶的礼物。surprised“感到惊讶的”，常用来形容人。Thegiftmakesmesurprised.这份礼物让我感到惊讶。②agreev.→(反)disagree–agreementn.同意(1)agreewithsb.同意某人Iagreewithyou.(2)agreetodosth同意做某事【注意】agree和disagree的用法一样考点6trouble的用法教材原文“It’ssadthatmanypeopledon’twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon’twantanytrouble.”saysonepassenger.“因为不想惹麻烦，许多人不想帮助他人，这是令人寒心的。”一位乘客说。trouble作名词，意为“问题；苦恼”。Hislifeisfulloftroubles.他的生活充满了烦恼。Evenanexperiencedclimberwillgetintotrouble.即使有经验的登山者也会陷入困境。注意havetroubledoingsth.表示“做某事有困难”。Hehadtroublerememberingnewwords.他在记新单词方面有困难。考点7beusedto的用法教材原文Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯了冒险。beusedto后接名词、代词或动名词，意为“习惯于……”。Theyareusedtolivinginthebigcity.他们习惯居住在大城市了。辨析beusedtodosth.与beusedtodoingsth.短语释义例句beusedtodosth.被用来做某事Woodcanbeusedtomakepaper.木头能够被用来造纸。beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事Iamusedtowalkingafterdinner.我习惯晚饭后散步。考点8runout的用法教材原文Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.但是当他的水用完的时候，他知道他将不得不做些事情来挽救他自己的生命。runout是“动词＋副词”结构的短语，意为“用完；耗尽”，主语通常是“时间、金钱、食物”等无生命的东西。Allthemoneyranout.所有的钱都花光了。拓展runoutof也可以表示“用完；耗尽”，主语通常是人。We’verunoutofourpocketmoney.我们已经把零花钱花完了。考点9cutoff的用法教材原文Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.所以他用他的刀切断了他的半条右臂。本句中的cutoff是固定短语，意为“切除”。Hecutoffabunchofgrapestoentertainus.他剪下一串葡萄来招待我们。拓展动词＋offturnoff关闭；关掉getoff下车giveoff发出；散发takeoff起飞；脱掉putoff推迟；拖延setoff＝setout出发考点10importance的用法教材原文Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.在这本书里，阿伦讲述了做出好的决定以及掌控自己生命的重要性。importance是名词，意为“重要；重要性”。Heemphasizedtheimportanceofcarefuldriving.他强调了小心驾驶的重要性。拓展同根词importantadj.重要的unimportantadj.不重要的，un-是否定前缀。importancen.重要；重要性，-ance是名词后缀。考点11decision的用法教材原文Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.在这本书里，阿伦讲述了做出好的决定以及掌控自己生命的重要性。decision是名词，意为“决定；抉择”。makeadecision相当于decide，表示“作出决定”。decidetodosth.意为“决定做某事”。Wemadeadecisiontogothereonfoot.我们决定步行去那里。考点12keepondoingsth.的用法教材原文Arondidnotgiveupaftertheaccidentandkeepsonclimbingmountainstoday.阿伦在那次事故之后并没有放弃，他现在还坚持爬山。keepondoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事；坚持做某事”。You’llsoongotopiecesifyoukeeponworkinglikethat.如果你继续那样工作的话，你的身体很快就会垮掉的。注意keepdoingsth.和keepondoingsth.是近义表达，意为“继续做某事”。Hekeptworking,althoughhewasill.尽管他病了，但他仍然继续工作。考点13sothat的用法教材原文Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.然后，他用左手给自己绑上绷带，以防失血过多。sothat以便，为了引导目的状语从句,从句常出现情态动词may/might.can/could等。Theboyspokeloudlysothateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)【拓展】1.so/such…that…如此……以至于……IamsotiredthatIwanttosleeprightnow.我是如此的累以至于我想马上睡觉。Sheissuchagreatgirlthatwealllikeher.她是如此一个好的女孩以至于我们都喜欢她。2.too+adj.+todosth.太……而不能……Mysisteristooyoungtogotoschool。我妹妹是如此的小以至于不能去上学。考点14toomuch的用法教材原文Shetalkedtoomuchyesterdayanddidn’tdrinkenoughwater.她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。【词法1】toomuch/toomany/muchtoo短语含义用法例句toomuch太多后接不可数名词Thereistoomuchrainthesedays修饰动词，放在动词之后WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.toomany太多后接可数名词复数Therearetoomanythingsformetodoeveryday.muchtoo太修饰形容词或副词It’smuchtoocoldinwinter.【词法2】enough的用法(1)adj.足够的，充分的，修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后。例：enoughtime(2)adv.“足够地，十分，相当”修饰adj./adv.，放在adj./adv.后。例：expensiveenough(3)be+adj.+enoughtodosth；bestrongenoughtocarrythebox.词型转换cut(v.)→(pt.)cut→(现分)cuttingrun(v.)→(pt.)ran→(现分)runninggive(v.)→(pt.)gave→(现分)givinghit(v.)“(用手或器具)击；打”→(pt.)hit→(现分)hittinghurt(v.)“(使)疼痛；受伤”→(pt.)hurtdie(v.)“死亡”→(pt.)died→(现分)dying→(adj.)dead→(n.)deathlie(v.)“躺”→(pt.)lay→(现分)lying“说谎”→(pt.)lied→(现分)lyinglie(n.)“谎言”（tellalie/telllies“说谎”）foot(n.)“脚”→(pl.)feettooth(n.)“牙齿”→(pl.)teethknife(n.)小刀→(pl.)knivesclimb(v.).→(n.)climber“攀登者”decide(v.).→(n.)decision“决定；抉择”important(adj.).→(n.)importance“重要性，重要”mean(v.)→(n.)meaning“意思”→(adj.)meaningful“有意义的”→(adj.)meaningless“无意义的”短语归纳1.havea(high)fever发(高)烧2.haveacough=cough咳嗽3.havea(bad)cold=catchacold患(重)感冒4.haveatoothache牙疼5.haveastomachache胃疼6.havea(very)soreback背（非常）疼7.talktoomuch说得太多8.drinkenoughwater喝足够的水9.liedownandrest躺下来休息10.seeadentist看牙医11.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶12.getanX-ray拍X光片13.takeone’stemperature量体温14.putsomemedicineonsth.在……上面敷药15.soundlike听起来像16.inthesameway以同样的方式17.gotoadoctor看医生18.goalong沿着……走19.onthesideoftheroad在马路边20.shoutforhelp大声呼救21.withoutthinkingtwice没有多想22.getoff下车geton上车23.haveaheartproblem有心脏病24.toone’ssurprise使……惊讶的是25.intime及时ontime准时26.savealife挽救生命27.getintotrouble造成麻烦28.rightaway=atonce=rightnow立刻；马上29.getoutof离开；从……出来30.getintotrouble陷入麻烦31.hurtoneself伤到自己32.cutone’sleg/knee割伤腿/膝盖33.putabandageonthecut用绷带包扎伤口34.falldown摔倒35.feelsick感到恶心36.haveanosebleed流鼻血37.loseone`slife失去生命38.putherheaddown低下她的头39.thinkabout考虑，认为40.beincontrolof掌管；管理41.inadifficultsituation在困境中42.keepondoingsth.继续/坚持做某事43.takerisks=takearisk冒险44.a360-kilorock一块360千克重的岩石考点一、核心单词填空1．Maryhasasorethroatandsheclastnight.Sheshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.2．Therearetoomanyponthebusandit’scrowded.3．Westernpeopleliketousekandforkswhiletheyareeating.4．Canyoutellmetheiofeatinghealthyfood?5．Wemayhurtoifweplaywithknives.6．Iamnotachild.Iwanttomakemyownd.7．Heisafamousc,soheoftenclimbsthemountains.8．TheBlacksweresosadaboutthedoftheirlovelypetdog.9．Onmywayhome,Isawadoglonthesideoftheroad.10．Ifyoueattoomuchchocolateintheevening,youmayhaveat.考点二、重点词组填空1．最近我入睡困难。Recently,Ihad.2．让我们吃惊的是，这位国际友人擅长烹制中餐。,theforeignfriendisgoodatcookingChinesefood.3．——医生，我感觉不舒服。——不用担心。让我先给你量一下体温。—Doctor,I’mfeelingterrible.—Don’tworry.Letmefirst.4．——这杯茶很难喝！——对不起，女士。我马上给您再倒一杯。—Theteatastesterrible!—Sorry,madam.I’llpouryouanothercup.5．在你下公共汽车前，你应当先等它停下来。Beforeyouthebus,youshouldwaituntilithasstopped.6．多亏了你的帮助，我的房间看起来整洁多了。yourhelp,myroomlooksmuchtidier.7．作为一名登山运动员，亚历克斯习惯于冒险。Asamountainclimber,Alexisusedto.8．这位老人上周用完了所有的大米和水。Theoldmanallofhisriceandwaterlastweek.9．吉姆喜欢读书。幸运的是，他管理一家大书店。Jimlikesreading.Luckily,heisabigbookshop.10．他不想当老师，所以他正考虑放弃教学。Hedoesn’twanttobeateacher.Soheisthinkingofteaching.考点三、重点语言点训练1．UncleJoe________thehabitofreadingnewsaftergettingup.Heknowsalotaboutwhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.A．gotinto B．goton C．gotoff D．gotover2．Whenourparentsbecometoooldtotakecareofthemselvesoneday,we________lookafterthemwell.A．should B．shouldn’t C．may D．maynot3．—Andypracticedhardestamongusandhewonfirstprizeinthecompetition.—Adreamcan’tcometrue________hardwork.A．by B．across C．over D．without4．Don’tworryaboutyourdaughter,shecanlookafter_________well．A．herself B．hers C．her D．she5．—Ican’tgotoschoolbecauseoftheseriousepidemic.—_________.A．I’msorrytohearthat B．ThankyouC．Thatsoundsgreat D．That’sOK6．—Ihavetrouble_________newword.Canyouhelpme?—Sure.Youcanlookitupinthedictionary.A．understanding B．tounderstand C．understand D．understood7．—Whydoyouhavetimetolookafterthehomelessdogs?—________the“doublereduction”policy（“双减”政策）,Ihavemorefreetime.A．Becauseof B．Eventhough C．Asfor D．Upto8．—Theoilontheearthwill________oneday.—Ithinkso.Weshouldmakegooduseofit.A．findout B．workout C．putout D．runout9．You’dbettertakethemapwithyou________youwon’tgetlost.A．aslongas B．assoonas C．nowthat D．sothat10．WhenIwalkedpasttheplayground,Isawmanyboys________basketball.A．play B．played C．playing D．areplaying11．Sheis________girlwithtwobigeyes.A．a8-years-old B．a8-year-old C．an8yearsold D．an8-year-old12．Heeats________food,soheis________fat.A．muchtoo;toomuch B．muchtoo;manytooC．toomuch;muchtoo D．toomuch;manytoo13．—________thepoliceman,thedoctorssavedtheman________time.—Oh,thatmeant________aman’slife.A．Thanksfor;in;tosave B．Thanking;at;toloseC．Thanksto;in;saving D．Thanksto;on;losing14．—Maria,youlookupset.What’sthematter?—________.I’mfeelingwellB．I’mafraidImayhaveafeverC．Ioftenstayathome D．Ishouldliedownandrest15．Mr.Black,youarebecominghealthierandhealthier.Pleasekeepon______.A．ran B．torun C．run D．running考点四、语篇阅读训练DerekRedmondItwastheOlympicGamesinBarcelonain1992,thesemi-finalofthe400metres.Thesunwasshiningandthecrowdwerereadyforagreatrace.BritishathleteDerekRedmondwasatoprunner:hehadaverygoodchanceofwinningamedal.Theracebegan.Atfirst,Derekwasrunningwell.Then,afterabout150metres,hefeltapaininhisleg.Hefelldownononeknee.Hehadabadinjuryandcouldn’tcarryon.Theotherrunnerswentpasthimandfinishedtherace.Afteraboutfiveseconds,Derekgotupandstartedtorunagain,ononelegonly.Someorganizerstriedtostophimbuthekeptgoing.Thecrowdstoodupandstartedtoclap.Thenanothermancameontothetrack—Derek’sfather,Jim.Hisfatherputhisarmaroundhimandsaid,“Derek,youdon’thavetodothis.”Derekreplied,“Yes,Ido.Ihavetofinish.”Andsotogethertheywalkedthelast50metresandcrossedtheline.Whenhefinallycrossedtheline,Derekwascryingand60,000peoplewerecheeringhim.GerlindeKaltenbrunnerInthesummerof2010,mountaineerGerlindeKaltenbrunnerwasalmostatthetopofamountaincalledK2.Shewastryingtoclimbthe8,611-metremountainforthefifthtime,andthistimeshewasclimbingwithherfriendFredrikEricsson.Itwasabout7o’clockinthemorninganditwassnowingalittle.Thetwoclimbersweregettingreadytogoupthelast400metres.Fredrikwastryingtotiesomeropebutheslippedandfel