第07讲八年级下册Unit 2 重点知识先知-2024年八年级英语寒假提升学与练（原卷版）

第07讲八年级下册Unit2重点知识先知目录新知导航：熟悉课程内容、掌握知识脉络基础知识：知识点全面梳理，掌握必备重点记忆：关键点快速记忆，提升能力小试牛刀：考点剖析+过关检测，合理应用考点1、hopetodosth.的用法教材原文Ihopetoworkoutside.我希望能出去工作。hopetodosth.意为“希望做某事”,动词不定式作hope的宾语，含hopetodosth.的句子可以转换为含宾语从句的主从复合句。Ihopetopasstheexam.＝IhopethatIcanpasstheexam.我希望我能够通过考试。拓展“动词＋todosth.”结构的短语agreetodosth.同意做某事decidetodosth.决定做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事remembertodosth.记得做某事forgettodosth.忘记做某事trytodosth.尽力做某事wanttodosth.想要做某事考点2、cleanup的用法··········教材原文Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。本句中的cleanup是固定搭配，意为“打扫(或清除)干净”。它的宾语有两种情况:如果宾语是名词该名词可以位于clean和up之间,也可以位于cleanup之后如果宾语是代词该代词只能位于clean和up之间Theybegantocleanupthekitchenafterthepartywasover.＝Theybegantocleanthekitchenupafterthepartywasover.聚会结束之后,他们开始打扫厨房。考点3、cheerup的用法···········教材原文Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.那个女孩可以去看望医院里生病的孩子,使他们振作起来。cheerup意为“(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来”.cheerup的宾语有两种情况:如果宾语是名词该名词可以位于cheer和up之间,也可以位于cheerup之后如果宾语是代词该代词只能位于cheer和up之间Let’sgotothechildren’shospitaltocheerupthesickchildren.=Let’sgotothechildren’shospitaltocheerthesickchildrenup.让我们去儿童医院使那些生病的孩子们振作起来吧。Thegoodnewscheeredhimup.这个好消息使他振作了起来。拓展cheerup还可以单独使用,此时是常见的口语表达,意为“振作起来”,多用在鼓励他人的场景中。Cheerup!I’msureyou’llfeelbettertomorrow.振作起来！我肯定你明天会感觉好些的。考点4、giveout的用法教材原文Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.那个男孩可以在食物赈济处发放食物。giveout在本句中意为“散发;分发”,相当于handout,是“动词＋副词”结构,若代词作宾语,代词必须放在giveout中间且用宾格;若名词作宾语,名词可以放在give和out之间,也可以放在out后面。Theteacheraskedmetogiveoutthetestpapers.＝Theteacheraskedmetogivethetestpapersout.老师让我分发试卷.Here’reourtestpapers.Ihaven’tgiventhemoutyet.这是我们的试卷,我还没有分发。拓展常见的give短语giveaway捐赠;赠给giveup放弃giveback归还giveoff发出;放出givesb.sth.给某人某物＝givesth.tosb.givein屈服;让步考点5、putoff的用法教材原文Wecan’tputoffmakingaplan.我们不能推迟制订计划。putoff意为“推迟”,putoffdoingsth推迟干某事，是常见的短语。Theconcertwasputoffbecauseoftheheavyrain.演唱会因为大雨面被推迟了。拓展常见的put短语putoff推迟;延迟puton穿上;戴上,展出;上演putaway收起来putout熄灭;扑灭putupwith容忍putup搭建;建造;提升;张贴考点6、usedto的用法········教材原文Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他们给我讲过去的经历,讲过去是什么样子的。usedto表示“过去常常;以前经常”,后跟动词原形,用来描述过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。Heusedtoplaytheguitar.他以前经常弹吉他。Iusedtolookonhimasafriend.我以前把他看作是一个朋友。拓展usedto在变否定句或一般疑问句时常借助助动词did，具体如下:肯定句主语＋usedto+动词原形...否定句主语＋didn’tuseto+动词原形…一般疑问句Did+主语＋useto+动词原形...?肯定答语Yes,主语＋did.否定答语No,主语＋didn’t.Bobusedtoplaysoccer.鲍勃以前经常踢足球Bobdidn’tusetoplaysoccer.鲍勃以前不常踢足球—DidBobusetoplaysoccer?鲍勃以前经常踢足球吗?—Yes,hedid.是的,他经常踢。—No,hedidn’t.不,他不常踢。辨析usedto和beusedto词组含义用法usedto过去常常;以前经常后跟动词原形，用于描述过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，该动作或状态现在已经不再继续。beusedto习惯于后跟名词、代词或动名词Heusedtoplayfootball,butnowhelikesplayingbaseball.他以前经常踢足球,但现在他喜欢打棒球。Sheisusedtogettingupearly.她习惯早起。考点7、“疑问词＋不定式”的用法教材原文...butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.······但是我想学习更多关于如何照顾动物的知识。howtocareforanimals属于“疑问词＋不定式”的结构,该结构在句中作介词about的宾语，该结构还可以转换为宾语从句howIcancareforanimals。当“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语时，通常可以转换为宾语从句。Wedon’tknowhowtousethecamera.＝Wedon’tknowhowwecanusethecamera.我们不知道怎样使用这个照相机。考点8、carefor的用法教材原文...butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimal.······但是我想学习更多关于如何照顾动物的知识。carefor是固定搭配,意为“照顾;非常喜欢”。Shedoesn’tcareforskating.她不喜欢滑冰。Thesickmustbecaredfor.病人应被照料。拓展care的延伸carefuladj.小心的carelessadj.粗心的carefullyadv.小心地carelesslyadv.粗心地carefor照顾;喜欢careabout关心;在意takecare小心;当心takecareof照顾;照料考点9、such的用法教材原文Igetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhen1seetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.当我看到动物们(病情)渐好,看到它们主人脸上的喜悦表情时,我得到一种强烈的满足感。本句中的suchastrongfeelingofsatisfaction属于“such+a/an+形容词＋可数名词单数”的结构,表示“如此····的······”,该结构同”so+形容词＋a/an+可数名词单数”。Sheissuchabeautifulgirl.＝Sheissobeautifulagirl.她是如此漂亮的一个女孩。辨析so和such的区别so修饰形容词或副词such修饰名词注意当名词前有many、much、few,little(少)修饰时,要用so,不用suchHeissohonestaboythateveryonelikeshim.＝Heissuchanhonestboythateveryonelikeshim.他是个如此诚实的男孩,以至于每个人都喜欢他。Therearesomanypeopleinthesquare.广场上有如此多的人。考点10、takeafter的用法教材原文Itakeaftermymother.我长得像我妈妈。takeafter意为“(外貌或行为)像”，相当于besimilarto。Mydaughterdoesnottakeaftermeatall.我女儿一点儿都不像我。拓展常见的take短语takedown写下;拆除takeoff起飞;脱掉takeout切除;获得takeaway带走takeup占用takein吸收takeover接管takeback收回考点11、giveaway的用法教材原文Igaveitaway.我把它捐了出去.giveaway是固定搭配,意为“赠送;捐赠”。它的宾语有两种情况:如果宾语是名词该名词可以位于give和away之间,也可以位于giveaway之后如果宾语是代词该代词只能位于give和away之间TheoldmangaveawayhismoneytoProjectHope.＝TheoldmangavehismoneyawaytoProjectHope.那位老人把他的钱捐给了希望工程.Lilyhadanoldbikeandshedecidedtogiveitaway.莉莉有一辆旧的自行车,她决定把它捐出去。拓展常见的“动词＋away”的短语throwaway扔掉;丢弃goaway离开runaway逃跑putaway收起来getaway逃离giveaway捐赠stayaway远离passaway逝世keepaway离开;不接近takeaway带走考点12、besimilarto的用法教材原文I’msimilartoher.我与她相像。besimilarto表示“和······相似，和······类似”，similar作形容词，意为“相似的;类似的”，相当于takeafter。Herdressisverysimilartomineincolor.她的连衣裙在颜色上和我的很相似。Thetwobuildingsaresimilaronthewhole.从整体来看,这两幢楼是相似的。考点13、setup的用法教材原文I’msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.我确定你知道这个团体是为了帮助像我一样的残疾人而设立的。setup意为“设立;建起”。Thecompanywassetuplastyear.这家公司是去年创办的。考点14、makeit+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.教材原文YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.有了你的帮助,我才有可能拥有Lucky。makeit+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.意为“使(某人)做某事是······的”,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语.类似这种用法的动词还有think,find等。Spaceshipsmakeitpossibletotraveltothemoon.宇宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。考点15、difficulty的用法教材原文Mostpeoplewouldneverthinkaboutthis,butmanypeoplehavethesedifficulties.大多数人永远不会考虑这个,但很多人却有这些困难。difficulty作名词,意为“困难;难题”，既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，常用词组是havedifficultyindoingsth.,意为“做某事有困难”,其中介词in可以省略。Wemuststrugglewithdifficulties.我们必须和困难作斗争。Ionceaskedhimifhehaddifficulty(in)keepingfivechildreninschool.我曾经问过他供五个孩子上学是否有困难。拓展同根词:difficultadj.困难的It’sdifficulttounderstandwhatshe’stalkingabout.听懂她在讲些什么很难。巧记Thetaskwasnotdifficultatall.Wefinisheditwithoutanydifficulty.这个任务一点都不难.我们毫无困难地就完成了它。考点16、beexcitedabout的用法教材原文IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.我爱动物,我对拥有一只狗的想法兴奋不已。beexcitedabout是固定搭配,意为“因······而兴奋不已”,其中excited作形容词,意为“感到兴奋的”。Wewereexcitedaboutthegoodnews.我们因那则好消息而兴奋不已。拓展同根词excitev.使激动;使兴奋excitedadj.激动的;兴奋的（常用来修饰人）excitingadj.令人激动的;令人兴奋的（常用来修饰事或物）excitementn.激动;兴奋Thenewsofthevictoryexcitedeverybody.胜利的消息使每个人都兴奋。Hewasexcitedtohearthenews.他听到那则消息感到很激动。ThefootballmatchwewatchedlastSundaywasveryexciting.我们上个星期天看的足球赛很令人兴奋。Thechildrenshoutedinexcitement.孩子们兴奋地大声喊叫。词型转换feel(v.)→(n.)feeling“感觉；感触”satisfy(v.)→(n.)satisfaction→(adj.)satisfied“满意的”/satisfying“令人满意的”own(v.)“拥有”→(n.)owner“物主、主人”worry(v.)“担心”→(adj.)worried“担心的”home(n.)→(adj.)homeless“无家可归的”break(v.)→(pt.)broke→(adj.)broken“破损的”able(adj.)→(adj.)disabled“有残疾的”different(adj.)→(n.)difference→(pl.)differencesdifficult(adj.)→(n.)difficulty→(pl.)difficultiesimagine(v.)→(n.)imagination“想象力”kind(adj.)→(n.)kindness“仁慈、善良”train(v.)→(n.)training“训练、培训”fix(v.)→(单三)fixes→(pt.)fixed→(现分)fixingset(v.)→(pt.)set→(现分)settingunderstand(v.)→(pt.)understoodexcite(v.)→(adj.)excited“感到兴奋的”（修饰人）→(adj.)exciting“令人兴奋的”（修饰物）interest(v.)→(adj.)interested“感兴趣的”（修饰人）→(adj.)interesting“有趣的”（修饰物）18.send(v.)“邮寄，发送”→(pt.)sent短语归纳1.Clean-UpDay清洁日2.anoldpeople’shome养老院3.helpsb.out帮助某人摆脱困境4.usedtodosth过去常常做...5.thelookofjoy快乐的表情6.cleanup打扫干净7.cheerup(使)变得更高兴;振奋8.putup挂起;举起;张贴9.callupsb.打电话给...;召集..动副短语10.putoff(doing)sth.推迟(做)某事11.fixup=repairsth.修理;修补;解决12.giveout(=handout)分发;散发13.giveawaysth.tosb.把某物赠给某人14.setup建立;设立15.giveup(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事16.comeupwith=thinkof=thinkup想出;提出17.makeaplan制订计划18.makesomenotices做些公告牌19.takeaftersb.=looklikesb.=besimilartosb.与某人相像20.disabledpeople=thedisabled残疾人21.makea(big)difference(to…)（对...）有（巨大）影响makenodifference(to…)（对...）没有影响22.beabletodosth能够做..23.atthesametime同时24.lookafter=takecareof=carefor照料,照顾25.homelesspeople无家可归的人26.cometrue(梦想、愿望等）实现27.answerthetelephone接电话28.afriendofmine=oneofmyfriends我的一个朋友29.feellucky感到幸运goodluck祝你好运30.attheageoffour在4岁时31.raisemoneyfor...为...筹钱/募捐32.needtodosth.需要做某事33.asksb.（not）todosth.要求某人（不要）做34.getsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfaction得到如此强烈的满足感35.decidetodosth.决定做某事36.helpsb.（to）dosth.帮助某人做某事37.makeitpossibleforsb.todosth.使某人有可能做某事38.beworriedabout=worryabout担心...39.inmyfreetime在我空闲的时间40.aspeciallytraineddog一只经过特殊训练的狗41.goonajourney进行一次旅行42.travelalone独自旅行43.aspecialtraineddog一条经过特殊训练的狗考点一、核心单词填空1．—MayIfishhere?—Sorry,youmustn’t.Lookatthes“NoFishing”!2．Thegirlcouldvinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.3．Whenshefirstwenttouniversity,shefeltverylbecausesheknewnoonethere.4．Youcan’tihowdifficulthislifewasinthepast.5．Heisb.Hecan’tseeanything.6．Hehadagreatiinlearningaboutdifferentculturesandtraditions,sohetraveledtodifferentcountriesandimmersed(沉浸)himselfinthelocalcustoms.7．AfterItalkedtothegirl,Iushecried.8．Whateverdwemeet,weshouldfacethembravely.9．Thegymcanbeusedbybothable-bodiedanddpeople.10．WeallloveJohnbecauseofhisktoeveryone.考点二、重点词块填空1．玛丽不开心。我们去让她高兴起来吧。Maryisunhappy.Let’sgoto.2．请把这些阅读材料分发给那些学生。Pleasethereadingmaterialstothestudents.3．我们不得不把运动会推迟到七月底。WehavetooursportsmeetinguntiltheendofJuly.4．昨天他们想出了一个保持教室干净整洁的好主意。Theyagoodideaofkeepingtheirclassroomcleanandtidyyesterday.5．如今，人们更关心食品安全。Nowadays,peoplemorethefoodsafety.6．有的时候，小事情也能产生影响。Sometimessmallthingscan.7．不久之后，我们学校将会建立一个滑冰俱乐部。Askatingclubwillbeinourschoolsoon.8．修理电脑花了我们信息技术老师一个小时。IttookourITteacheranhourtothecomputer.9．如果你想实现你的梦想，你就必须努力学习。Ifyouwanttomakeyourdream,youmuststudyhard.10．弗雷德认为他和他爸爸很像。他们都喜欢帮助他人。Fredthinkshehisfather.Theybothlikehelpingothers.考点三、语言点训练1．Thisismy_________house.I’mthe_________ofthehouse.A．owner;owner B．own;owner C．owner;own D．own;own2．—DoesMr.Greenlive________?—Yes.Butsomefriendsoftenvisithim,sohedoesn’tfeel________.A．alone;lonely B．lonely;alone C．alone;alone D．lonely;lonely3．I________sleepverywell,butthenIstarteddoingyogaanditreallyhelps.A．didn’tuseto B．usedto C．wasusedto D．wasn’tusedto4．—Karentakes___________hermother.—Yes,sheissimilar___________hermother.A．for;as B．after;with C．after;to D．away;from5．Yesterdayourheadteachermadesuchan________speechthatweallfelt________.A．exciting;exciting B．excited;excitedC．exciting;excited D．excited;exciting6．Peopleinthewestmake___________aruletobuyChristmaspresentsfortheirfriends.A．that B．it C．this D．as7．Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan________others.A．help B．helping C．helps D．tohelp8．Iusedto______letterstomyparents,butnowIamusedto______Wechat.A．write;use B．writing;using C．writing;use D．write;using9．Willyouplease________thatbigboxforme?It’stooheavy.A．take B．bring C．carry D．keep10．Theyhadtoputoff___________thesportsmeetingbecauseoftheheavyrain.A．have B．tohave C．had D．having考点四、语篇阅读训练一、完形填空Eight-year-oldChristianMcPhilamyfromMelbourne,Florida,grewhisblondehairforovertwoyears.Althoughsomepeoplelaughedathim,1couldstophimdoingso.Why?WhenChristianwassixyearsold,he2acommercial(广告)forSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital.Inthecommercial,somesickchildrenlosttheirhairandpeople3wigs(假发)tothem.“Iwanttodothat,”saidChristian.Thewordssurprisedhismother.Butsheknewhersonwouldhardly4hismind.Withhismom’sOK,Christianbegangrowinghishair.However,ashishairgrew5andthicker,somejokesstarted.Sometimeshisclassmateslaughedathim.“Youlooklikea6,”theysaid.Hismotherusedtohear“Your‘daughter’issopretty”7shewasoutwithChristian.SometimesthosewordsmadeChristianupset,buthismotheralwaystriedto8himup.Aftertwoyears,Christianreachedhisgoal(目标)ofgivingawayover10inchesofhair.Andthebighaircut(理发)day9came.AfterChristiangotahaircut,hemailedhishairtoChildrenWithHairLoss.Hesaiditfeltgoodtohaveshorthairagainandhebelieved10childwouldfeelgood,too,becauseofhishair.Whatakindboyhewas!1．A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something2．A．saw B．accepted C．made D．became3．A．gaveout B．gaveaway C．tiredout D．putaway4．A．train B．understand C．lose D．change5．A．thinner B．shorter C．longer D．cleaner6．A．girl B．boy C．teacher D．student7．A．unless B．though C．before D．when8．A．cheer B．give C．fix D．take9．A．usually B．finally C．quickly D．nearly10．A．any B．few C．another D．other二、阅读单选Whoarethehomelesspeople?Homelesspeopleareyoungandoldme