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试题PAGE1试题2024北京密云高一(上)期末英语第一节(共1小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)1.(15分)Onthefirstdayofschoolourprofessoraskedustogettoknowsomeonewedidn'tknow.Ilookedaroundwhenagentlehandtouchedmyshoulder."Higirl!MynameisRose.I'm87yearsold.""Whyareyouincollegeatthisage?"Iasked(1)."IhavealwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI'mgettingone!"shereplied.Overtheyear,Rosebecamefamousinourcampusandsheeasilymadefriendswherevershewent.Shelovedtodressupand(2)theattentionfromtheotherstudents.Shewaslivingitup.Listeningtothis"timemachine"asshe(3)heryearsofwisdomandexperiencewithuswassointeresting.AttheendofthesemesterweinvitedRoseto(4)atourfootballparty.I'llneverforgetwhatshetaughtus."Wedonotstopplayingbecauseweareold;wegrowoldbecausewestopplaying.Thereareonlytwo(5)tostayingyoung,beinghappyandachievingsuccess.Youhavetolaughandfindhumoreveryday.You'vegottohaveadream.Whenyouloseyourdreams,youdie!"shesaid."Thereisahuge(6)betweengrowingolderandgrowingup.Ifyouarenineteenyearsoldandlieinbedforonefullyearanddon'tdoanything,youwillturn20yearsolder.Anybodycangrowolder.Butgrowinguprequiresfindingtheopportunityinchange.Theelderlyusuallydon'thave(7)forwhattheydid,butratherforthingstheydidnotdo.Everyminute(8)foryoungmen."sheadded.SheendedherspeechbysingingTheSongofRose.Shechallengedeachofustostudythelyrics(歌词)and(9)themoutinourdailylives.Attheyear'send,Rosefinishedthecollegeeducationshehadbegunallthoseyearsago.Oneweekaftergraduation,shedied(10)inhersleep.(1)A.curiouslyB.anxiouslyC.repeatedlyD.coldly(2)A.fixedB.enjoyedC.orderedD.escaped(3)A.filledB.equippedC.sharedD.compared(4)A.speakB.lookC.workD.write(5)A.typesB.levelsC.secretsD.reasons(6)A.similarityB.discussionC.connectionD.difference(7)A.regretsB.ticketsC.goalsD.tips(8)A.gainsB.countsC.happensD.moves(9)A.liveB.helpC.checkD.print(10)A.intimeB.inangerC.inhorrorD.inpeace第二节(共1小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。2.(15分)AYoumaysay(1)(popular)sportintheworldissoccer.Butinsome(2)(country),peoplelikerugbybest.Rugbyisdifferent(3)soccer.Playershavetopushandknockeachother.That'swhyrugbygamesaresoexcitingtowatchandplay.Goodrugbyplayerscanrunfastandhavestrongbodies.Newplayersfeel(4)(scare)aboutgettinghurt.Butaftertheylearntherulesandskills,theyfinditinteresting.BThetraditionoftheDragonBoatFestivalstartedmorethan2,000yearsago.Intheolddays,dragonboatraces(5)(hold)onlyinChina.However,inrecentyears,people(6)(come)fromothercultureshavealsotakenpartinracesandenjoyedthefun.Thereisaspecialfoodforthefestival(7)(remember)Quyuan.Itiscalledzongziwhichisstickyriceinfreshbambooleaves.CTeenpeer(同龄人)pressureistheinfluenceateen'ssocialgrouphasonhimorher.Peerpressureaffectspeoplefor(8)(they)wholelife.Butitcanbeanespeciallystronginfluenceduringtheteenyears(9)areveryimportanttoateen'sidentity.This(10)(mean)thatteensneedtolearntotellwhenitispositiveandwhenitisnegative.第一节(共3小题;每小题6分,共20分)读列短文,每题所结的、开在答题卡上将该项涂黑。3.(6分)MarathonreturnedtoBeijingOnNovember6,themarathonrunnersstartedfromTian'anmenSquare.TheymadetheirwaywestalongChang'anStreet.TheypassedthroughZhongguancunandintheend,finishedattheNationalStadium.TheBeijingMarathonisoneofthehighestclassesofsuchcompetitionsinChina.AteenwonthefirstprizeforchessShawnisan18﹣year﹣oldchessplayerfromCanada.Lastmonth,hetookhometheprizeforWorldChessChampionintheunder﹣18team.HeisthesecondCanadiantowintheprize.Shawn'stripwithchessbeganatage6.Helearnedtoplayitinanafter﹣schoolclub.Bilbao,SpainTheGuggenheimMuseumturns25TheGuggenheimMuseuminBilbaoiscelebratingits25thbirthday.Itopenedin1997.ThemuseumshowshowpeopleturnedBilbaointoacitywithrichculture.About25millionpeoplehavevisitedthemodernbuildingsinceitopened.(1)WhichwasthestartingpointoftheBeijingMarathon?A.Zhongguancun.B.Chang'anStreet.C.Tian'anmenSquare.D.TheNationalStadium.(2)HowlonghasShawnplayedchess?A.Forabout6years.B.Forabout12years.C.Forabout10years.D.Forabout18years.(3)VisitingtheGuggenheimMuseum,wecanknowabout.A.howBilbaobecameacityofartB.howpeopleinBilbaoenjoysportsC.howpeopleinBilbaoliveahealthylifeD.howBilbaobecameacitywithrichculture4.(6分)MakewayThroughtheChallengeIlikechallenges,butthisonewasalmosttoodifficult.IhadbeggedMomtotakemeonacompletelynewadventureformysixteenthbirthday.Now,herewewere,justMomandmewithourguide,Milo,standingontheshoreofLakeArenalinCostaRica.ToweringabovethelakewasVolcanoArenal(阿雷纳尔火山),oneoftheactivevolcanoesinthearea.Iwatchedasthevolcanospitoutlava(岩浆)andcoughedupbigmocks.Luckily,wewereheadedintheotherdirection.MilogreetedusinSpanishandhelpedusmountourhorses.Gettingonmyhorsewasdifficult,atcontrollingitwasalittleeasier.Westartedonourtour.Theguidebooksaidwedcrossthreerivers.Aswewerecrossingastream,Iasked,"Wasthatthefirstriver?""Idon'tthinkso,Katie,"Momsaidbitterly.Soonenough,wecametotherealfirstriver.IfeltsicktomystomachwhenIsawthattheoppositeshorewasmorethan50metersaway!Theriverwas4﹣foot﹣deepflowingovertherocks.Aftertwomorerivers,thepathgotevensteeperandmuddier.Witheachstepofthehorses"hooves(蹄),Iopenedmyeyeswidelyinsurprise﹣therainforestwaswonderfulandabsolutelybeautiful.ButIwonderedwhethermyhorsecouldkeepitsbalanceinknee﹣highmud.Iimaginedmyhorsemovingunsteadilyonrockshiddenbeneaththemudanduscrashingoveracliffandbeingsweptawaybylava.Threeterrifyinghourslater,wecametoacorral."Werewestopping?"Iwondered.Toonesidewasanattractiveviewofthelakeandvolcano,andtotheother,abrightlypaintedrestaurant."Ok,"Ilaughednervously."Thatwasterrifying,butI'msogladwedidit!"(1)Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Adventurous.B.Calm.C.Creative.D.Quiet.(2)Whatmadetheauthoropenhereyeswidelyonthepath?A.Theexperiencethatshewassweptawaybylava.B.Theanxietythatherhorsewouldloseitsbalance.C.Thefactthatherhorsefellovertherockshiddeninthemud.D.Thebeautifulscenerythatshesawalongthepathintherainforest.(3)Whatdoesthepassageintendtotellus?A.Fearstopspeoplefromtryingnewthings.B.Mostpeoplefailwhentheytrynewthings.C.Itisgoodtopushyourselftotrynewthings.D.Whatisfamiliarisbetterthanwhatisunknown.5.(8分)Picturethis:agroupofteenagersareseatedbesideoneanotherandeachofthemisstaringdownintoascreen;peopleonpublictransportarebendingovertheirphonesscrollingthroughsocialmediaorplayinganaddictivegame;veryfewpeoplearereadingbooksandyouarefinishingapresentationforworkonthecomputerwhenanemailnotificationcomesin.Itisfromacolleague.Ithasalinktoashort,amusingvideo.Thelinktakesyoutosocialmediasite.Itthenoffersyouanothervideo,followedbyanother.Beforeyouknowit,anhourhasgonebyandthepresentationremainsunfinished.Actually,smartphonesandotherdigitaldevicescontrolandconsumeourattention.Thisistrueforbothadultsandyoungpeople.Thethreeexamplesaboveshowhowmobileapplicationsaredesignedtotrapourattention.Mostappsworklikethisbecausetheyarefree.Theydonotchargetheuser.Instead,theymakemoneybyharvestingdataandadvertising.Themoretimewespendlookingatthescreen,themoredataandadvertisementsweconsume.Childrentodayaredigitalnatives.Thismeanstheyhaveneverknownlifewithoutinternetaccess.Beingraisedonclicks,theyjumpfromcontenttocontentwithoutasecondthought.Theconstantstimulationmakethemstruggletofocustheirattentiononanyonething.Finally,this"tsunamiofinformation"agitatestheircognitive(认知的)system.Inthissense,lossofattentionisrelatedtoadeclineinourabilitytoconcentrate.Unlikebooks,whichcantrainthebraintodeeplyfocusitsattentionononetask,mobiledevicesencourageustofocusonthesurfaceofanoverwhelmingamountofthings,butourbrainsreactbyblockingtheinformationstoredinourminds.Thispreventsusfromfiguringoutwhatweareinterestedin.Itlimitsourattention.Mobilephoneaddictionandthewayyoungpeoplelearnarebothdirectlyconnectedtotheconceptofmindwandering.Toomuchinformationinputsmakesusswitchoffandloseattention.Andthiscanbedamaginginthelongterm.Adultscanmakeefforttofindtimeandspacetorecoverfromconstantnoise,whilechildren,ontheotherhand,havenotyetacquiredthesebehaviourstrategies.Theyruntheriskofneverrecoveringtheirattentionspans.(1)Whatisacommonsightamongpeopleonpublictransport?A.Havingasoundsleeporrest.B.Browsingsocialmediaorplayinggames.C.Readingbooksornewspapers.D.Talkingwitheachotherorsendingemails.(2)Mostmobileapplicationsmakemoneythrough.A.educationaltoolsdownloadsB.productivityimprovementC.dataharvestingandadvertisingD.government﹣fundedprogrammes(3)Whatdoestheword"agitate"underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Disturb.B.Encourage.C.Argue.D.Protect.(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howpeoplearetrappedinmobileapplications.B.Whatchangesmobiledevicesbringinthebrain.C.Howmobilephoneaddictioninfluencesthewaywelearn.D.Howsmartphonesweakenattentioninchildrenandadults.第二节(共1小题;每小题10分,共10分)6.(10分)Somepeoplelovethelong,warmdaysofsummerandotherspreferthecooldaysofautumn.(1)Couldpsychology(心理学)explainourseasonalpreferences?Whilethereislittleresearchlookingatthepsychologyofseasonalpreferences,researchershavefoundthatseasonalchangesintemperatureandlightcanhaveaninfluenceonhowpeoplefeelandbehave.Temperaturesmightaffectourfeelingsandbehaviors.(2)Onestudyfindsthatwhenpeopleareholdingahotdrink,it'smorepossibleforthemtoseeothersaswarmerandkinder.Holdingacolddrink,ontheotherhand,leadspeopletoviewothersasinterpersonallycolder.(3)Bright,sunnydaysmayleaveyoufeelinghappyandfullofenergy.However,youmayfeelunhappyduringthedarker,shorterdaysoftheyearandloseinterestinactivitiesyouusuallyenjoy.Temperatureandlightlevelsnayplayaroleindeterminingwhichseasonyoulovemost.(4)Forexample,ifyougrewupenjoyingtheoutdoorsduringsummermonthsandhavepleasantmemoriesofthesummerseason.thenitmaybemorepossiblethatyou'llalsolovesummerasanadult.Couldyourpersonalpreferencesalsoshowsomethingaboutyourpersonality?Ofcourse,yes.(5)Ifsummerisyourfavoritetimeofyear,itmightmeanthatyoulovegettingoutandlivinganactivelifestyle.A.Whydoweprefersomeseasonstoothers?B.It'snosecretthatlightcaninfluenceourfeelings.C.Forexample,itcaninfluencehowwelookonothers.D.Theyhaveaninfluenceonpeople'shobbiesandinterests.E.Ifyoulikespringbest,thenyoumightwishfornewexperiences.F.Themonthinwhichapersonisbornmightbelinkedtolaterpersonality.G.However,ourpersonalpreferencesmayalsobeinfluencedbyourexperiences.第一节(共1小题;第36、37、38题各2分,第39题4分,共10分)阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。7.(10分)Friendsplayanimportantpartinourlives,andalthoughwemaythinkfriendsarecommoninourlife,weoftendon'tclearlyunderstandhowtomakegodfriends.Whilewegetonwellwithanumberofpeople,weareusuallyfriendswithonlyaveryfew.Inthebeginning,allthecasesoffriendlyrelationshipsmuchdependongoodfirstimpressions.Aswegettoknowpeople,weconsiderthingslikeage,race,looks,economicandsocialstatus,andintelligence.Althoughthesefactors(因素)arenotthemostimportant,itismoredifficulttohaveagoodrelationshipwithpeoplewhenthereisabigdifferenceinageandbackground.Also,wepayattentiontoactualbehavior,facialexpression,andthewayapersonspeaks.Toexpressfriendliness,peopleusuallystandclosertogetherandspeakinsoftvoices.Afriendlylook,however,withthewrongfacialexpressioncanturnintoanunfriendlystare,andnervousnessmaybewronglyunderstoodasunfriendliness.Itisbecauseofthisthatshypeopleoftenseemhavedifficultyinmakingfriends.Somerelationshipsarearesultofargumentanddiscussion,butitisusualforclosefriendstohavethesamebeliefsandinterests﹣theyoftentalkabout"beingonthesamewavelength".Equally,friendshavetolearntoputupwithannoyinghabitsandacceptdifferencesinopinion.Incontrastwithmarriage,therearenofriendshipceremoniestostrengthentherelationshipbetweentwopeople.Butthesupportingandunderstandingofeachotherthatresultsfromsharedexperiencesandemotionsdoesseemtocreateapowerfulbond,whichcanovercomedifferencesinbackground,andbreakdownbarriersofage,classorrace.(1)Whatdofriendlyrelationshipsdependonattheearlystage?_________(2)Whydopeoplestandcloserandspeakinsoftvoices?_________(3)Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Closefriendsusuallyhavethesamebeliefsandinterests,butthereisnoneedtoputupwitheachother'sannoyinghabitsanddifferentopinions._________(4)Whatcanhelpyoubuildahealthyfriendship?Explainit.(Inabout40words)_________第二节(共1小题;每小题10分,共10分)请根据课文内容及提示信息,填入恰当的单词,使文章完整。8.(10分)Whatcausesstressandwhatwecandotor(1)(放松)?Tobefrank,everyones(2)_________from(遭受)stressatsometimeintheirlife﹣teachers,doctors,factoryworkers,newspapere(3)_________(编辑).Wecan'tremove((4))stressfromourlivesentirely.However,somejobsmaybemorestressfulthanothers,likesomepositionsinthepoliceorthemilitary.Butwhatreallycausesstress?Itisd(5)to(由于)pressurefromworkorstudy.Forstudents,lotsofhomeworkcanmakethemfeelverystressed.Theymgyfeltheydon'thaveenoughtimetofinisheverything.It'ssurethatwehaveallexperienced((6))thatkindofstressasstudents.Asforsocialtress,shypeoplecanfindsocialsituationsverystressful﹣goingtoparties,talkinginfrontoftheclass,forexample.Theyalwaysgetnervousandmakelotsofmistakes.Therearemanywaystor(7)(减小)stress.Youcanorganizeyourworkorstudies.Inotherwords,youcanmakea1(8)(清单)anddoalltheimportantthingsfirst.Atthesametime,eatwellande(9)(锻炼)oftenoryoucantalktopeopleaboutyourproblems﹣friends,teachersorsomeoneinyourf(10)(家).Ifyoubecomesostressedthatyoucan'tfunctionproperly,youshouldseekprofessionalhelp.第三节(共20分)9.(20分)假设你是红星中学跨文化社团负责人李华。正在为你校外国交换生筹划"快乐中国年"活动,请你给交换生Jim写一封信,邀请他参加该活动,内容包括:(1)活动具体时间、地点;(2)活动内容及意义。注意:(1)词数100左右;(2)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。DearJim,______Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一节(共1小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)1.【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一位87岁的Rose在大学里的经历。她告诉学生们她一直梦想着接受大学教育,现在终于实现了这个梦想。Rose在校园里很受欢迎,她喜欢打扮并吸引其他学生的注意。她告诉学生们,保持年轻的秘诀是保持快乐和追求成功。她还强调了成长和变老之间的巨大区别,鼓励学生们在生活中实践她的教诲。最终,Rose完成了她多年前开始的大学教育,并在毕业一周后安详地去世。【解答】(1)考查副词及语境理解。A.curiously好奇地;B.anxiously焦虑地;C.repeatedly重复地;D.coldly冷淡地。句意:"你为什么在这个年龄上大学?"我好奇地问。根据上句"Whyareyouincollegeatthisage?"可知"你为什么在这个年龄上大学?"我好奇地问。故答案为A。(2)考查动词及语境理解。A.fixed安装;B.enjoyed享受,喜欢;C.ordered命令;D.escaped逃跑。句意:她喜欢打扮自己,喜欢受到其他学生的关注。根据下句Shewaslivingitup.可知她在尽情享受。说明她喜欢受到其他学生的关注。故答案为B。(3)考查动词及语境理解。A.filled填充;B.equipped安装;C.shared分享;D.compared比较。句意:听着这个"时间机器"与我们分享她多年的智慧和经验是如此有趣。根据空后heryearsofwisdomandexperiencewithuswassointeresting可知听着这个"时间机器"与我们分享她多年的智慧和经验是如此有趣。故答案为C。(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.speak说;B.look看;C.work工作;D.write写。句意:学期结束时,我们邀请罗斯在我们的足球聚会上讲话。根据后文SheendedherspeechbysingingTheSongofRose.可知她以唱玫瑰之歌结束了她的演讲。说明学期结束时,我们邀请罗斯在我们的足球聚会上讲话。故答案为A。(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.types类型;B.levels水平;C.secrets秘密;D.reasons原因。句意:保持年轻只有两个秘诀,快乐和成功。根据下句beinghappyandachievingsuccess.可知保持年轻只有两个秘诀,快乐和成功。故答案为C。(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.similarity相似;B.discussion讨论;C.connection连接;D.difference不同。句意:变老和长大之间有着巨大的区别。根据后文Butgrowinguprequiresfindingtheopportunityinchange.可知但是成长需要在变化中寻找机会。说明变老和长大之间有着巨大的区别。故答案为D。(7)考查名词及语境理解。A.regrets后悔;B.tickets票;C.goals目标;D.tips建议。句意:老年人通常不会为他们所做的事情后悔,而是为他们没有做的事情后悔。根据下句butratherforthingstheydidnotdo.可知老年人通常不会为他们所做的事情后悔,而是为他们没有做的事情后悔。故答案为A。(8)考查动词及语境理解。A.gains获得;B.counts有意义,重要;C.happens发生;D.moves移动。句意:对年轻人来说,每一分钟都很重要。根据后文Shechallengedeachofustostudythelyrics(歌词)and(9)themoutinourdailylives.可知她要求我们每个人研究歌词,并在日常生活中实践出来。说明对年轻人来说,每一分钟都很重要。故答案为B。(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.live居住;B.help帮助;C.check检查;D.print印刷。句意:她要求我们每个人研究歌词,并在日常生活中实践出来。liveout实践。故答案为A。(10)考查介词短语及语境理解。A.intime及时;B.inanger生气地;C.inhorror害怕地;D.inpeace平静地。句意:毕业一周后,她在睡梦中平静地去世了。根据上句Attheyear'send,Rosefinishedthecollegeeducationshehadbegunallthoseyearsago可知年底,罗斯完成了她多年前开始的大学教育。说明她完成了自己的梦想,她在睡梦中平静地去世了。故答案为D。【点评】完形填空题的解题步骤:1.通读全文,理解大意。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大意,这是解题的基础。2.瞻前顾后,避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3.复读全文,解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯。第二节(共1小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。2.【分析】这是三个片段:A这是一篇说明文,主要讲述了世界上受欢迎的各种运动。B这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了龙舟比赛。C这是一篇说明文,主要讲述了同伴压力。【解答】(1)考查形容词最高级。句意:你可能会说世界上最受欢迎的运动是足球。根据句意以及后面表示范围的词"intheworld",可知用形容词最高级作定语,故填themostpopular。(2)考查可数名词的复数。句意:但在一些国家,人们最喜欢橄榄球。前面有some,所以用名词复数,故填countries。(3)考查介词。句意:橄榄球不同于足球。bedifferentfrom"不同于",为固定短语,from为介词,故填from。(4)考查形容词。句意:优秀的橄榄球运动员跑得快,身体强壮。新玩家害怕受伤。作表语,所以用形容词,表示人"害怕的",所以用scared,故填scared。(5)考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:在过去,龙舟比赛只在中国举行。hold和主语之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,根据时间状语Intheolddays,可知用一般过去时态,主语为名词复数,所以be动词为were,故填wereheld。(6)考查现在分词。句意:然而,近年来,来自其他文化的人也参加了比赛,并享受其中的乐趣。come和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语,故填coming。(7)考查动词不定式。句意:节日里有一种特别的食物来纪念屈原。此处为动词不定式作目的状语,故填toremember。(8)考查形容词性物主代词。句意:同伴压力影响着人们的一生。放在名词前面,所以用形容词性物主代词,故填their。(9)考查定语从句。句意:但在青少年时期,它会产生特别强烈的影响,这对青少年的身份认同非常重要。先行词为years,在定语从句中作主语,所以用that或which引导,故填that/which。(10)考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这意味着青少年需要学会分辨什么时候是积极的,什么时候是消极的。描述事实,所以用一般现在时态,主语为this,所以谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填means。【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。第一节(共3小题;每小题6分,共20分)读列短文,每题所结的、开在答题卡上将该项涂黑。3.【分析】这是几篇新闻报道,包括北京马拉松比赛,一名青少年赢得国际象棋一等奖,西班牙Bilbao的Guggenheim博物馆庆祝25岁生日。【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据MarathonreturnedtoBeijing部分的OnNovember6,themarathonrunnersstartedfromTian'anmenSquare(11月6日,马拉松选手从天安门广场出发),可知北京马拉松的起点是在天安门广场,故选C。(2)数字计算题。根据Ateenwonthefirstprizeforchess部分的Shawnisan18﹣year﹣oldchessplayerfromCanada.Lastmonth,hetookhometheprizeforWorldChessChampionintheunder﹣18team.HeisthesecondCanadiantowintheprize.Shawn'stripwithchessbeganatage6(肖恩是一名来自加拿大的18岁国际象棋棋手。上个月,他获得了18岁以下国际象棋世界冠军。他是第二个获奖的加拿大人。肖恩的国际象棋之旅始于6岁),可知Shawn下棋已经有12年(18﹣6=12)了,故选B。(3)细节理解题。根据Bilbao,Spain部分的ThemuseumshowshowpeopleturnedBilbaointoacitywithrichculture(博物馆展示了人们如何将Bilbao变成一个文化丰富的城市),可知参观Guggenheim博物馆,我们可以了解Bilbao是如何成为一个拥有丰富文化的城市的,故选D。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。4.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在16岁生日时,和妈妈一起去了哥斯达黎加的阿雷纳尔湖进行了一次冒险之旅。他们在导游的带领下骑马穿越了三条河流和陡峭泥泞的山路。虽然旅途充满了挑战和恐惧,但最终他们成功到达了目的地,欣赏到了美丽的雨林和火山景色。这次冒险充满了困难,但也让作者感到兴奋和满足。【解答】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一段ToweringabovethelakewasVolcanoArenal(阿雷纳尔火山),oneoftheactivevolcanoesinthearea.Iwatchedasthevolcanospitoutlava(岩浆)andcoughedupbigmocks.Luckily,wewereheadedintheotherdirection.(高耸在湖面上的是阿雷纳尔火山,该地区的活火山之一。我看着火山喷出岩浆,咳出大块烟雾。幸运的是,我们正朝着另一个方向前进)可知作者是乐于冒险的。A.Adventurous.冒险的;B.Calm.冷静的;C.Creative.创新的;D.Quiet.安静的。故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Witheachstepofthehorses'hooves(蹄),Iopenedmyeyeswidelyinsurprise﹣therainforestwaswonderfulandabsolutelybeautiful.(伴随着马蹄的每一步,我惊讶地睁大了眼睛﹣﹣﹣雨林真是太棒了,美极了。)可知她在雨林小径上看到的美丽风景使作者在小径上大开眼界。故选D。(3)主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Ilikechallenges,butthisonewasalmosttoodifficult.IhadbeggedMomtotakemeonacompletelynewadventureformysixteenthbirthday.Now,herewewere,justMomandmewithourguide,Milo,standingontheshoreofLakeArenalinCostaRica.ToweringabovethelakewasVolcanoArenal(阿雷纳尔火山),oneoftheactivevolcanoesinthearea.Iwatchedasthevolcanospitoutlava(岩浆)andcoughedupbigmocks.Luckily,wewereheadedintheotherdirection.(我喜欢挑战,但这次几乎太难了。我恳求妈妈在我16岁生日时带我进行一次全新的冒险。现在,我们在这里,只有妈妈和我以及我们的导游米洛,站在哥斯达黎加的阿雷纳湖岸边。高耸在湖面上的是阿雷纳尔火山,该地区的活火山之一。我看着火山喷出岩浆,咳出大块烟雾。我们漫不经心地朝另一个方向走去。)和最后一段Toonesidewasanattractiveviewofthelakeandvolcano,andtotheother,abrightlypaintedrestaurant."Ok,"Ilaughednervously."Thatwasterrifying,butI'msogladwedidit!"(一边是湖和火山的迷人景色,另一边是一家色彩鲜艳的餐厅。"好吧,"我紧张地笑了。"那太可怕了,但我很高兴我们做到了!")可知本文主要讲述了督促自己尝试新事物是有好处的。故选C。【点评】一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。二、看题干,带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。5.【分析】现代人对手机和其他数字设备的过度依赖导致了注意力的丧失,尤其是对于孩子们来说,他们被称为数字原住民,他们从小就接触互联网,这让他们很难集中注意力。手机应用程序的设计目的是为了吸引我们的注意力,这也导致了我们的专注力下降。与书籍不同,手机设备鼓励我们关注大量的事物的表面,而我们的大脑反而会阻止存储在我们脑海中的信息,这限制了我们的注意力。手机成瘾和年轻人学习方式的改变直接影响了心灵漫游的概念,过多的信息输入让我们失去注意力,这可能会对长期产生负面影响。成年人可以努力寻找时间和空间来恢复常态,而孩子们则尚未掌握这些行为策略,他们有可能永远无法恢复他们的注意力。【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段peopleonpublictransportarebendingovertheirphonesscrollingthroughsocialmediaorplayinganaddictivegame(公共交通工具上的人正在弯腰看手机,浏览社交媒体或玩一款令人上瘾的游戏)可知人们乘坐公共交通工具时最常见的景象是浏览社交媒体或玩游戏。故选B。(2)细节理解题。根据第二段Instead,theymakemoneybyharvestingdataandadvertising.(相反,他们通过收集数据和广告来赚钱。)可知大多数移动应用通过数据收集和广告赚钱。故选C。(3)词义猜测题。根据第三段Theconstantstimulationmakethemstruggletofocustheirattentiononanyonething.Finally,this"tsunamiofinformation"agitatestheircognitive(认知的)system.(持续的刺激使他们很难将注意力集中在任何一件事上。最后,这种"信息海啸"刺激了他们的认知系统。)可知划线词意思是"刺激,打扰"。A.Disturb.打扰;B.Encourage.鼓励;C.Argue.辩论;D.Protect.保护。故选A。(4)主旨大意题。阅读全文可知现代人对手机和其他数字设备的过度依赖导致了注意力的丧失,尤其是对于孩子们来说,他们被称为数字原住民,他们从小就接触互联网,这让他们很难集中注意力。手机应用程序的设计目的是为了吸引我们的注意力,这也导致了我们的专注力下降。所以"B.Whatchangesmobiledevicesbringinthebrain.移动设备给大脑带来了什么变化?"为本文主旨。故选B。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。第二节(共1小题;每小题10分,共10分)6.【分析】这是一篇说明文,主要讲述了研究人员发现,温度和光照的季节性变化会影响人们的感受和行为。【解答】(1)联系下文题。根据下文Couldpsychology(心理学)explainourseasonalpreferences?Whilethereislittleresearchlookingatthepsychologyofseasonalpreferences,researchershavefoundthatseasonalchangesintemperatureandlightcanhaveaninfluenceonhowpeoplefeelandbehave.(心理学能解释我们的季节偏好吗?虽然很少有研究关注季节性偏好的心理学,但研究人员发现,温度和光线的季节性变化会影响人们的感觉和行为。)可知上文应该也是一个问题:为什么不同的人喜欢不同的季节,所以选项A"为什么我们更喜欢某些季节而不是其他季节?"符合语境,故选A。(2)联系下文题。根据下文Onestudyfindsthatwhenpeopleareholdingahotdrink,it'smorepossibleforthemtoseeothersaswarmerandkinder.Holdingacolddrink,ontheotherhand,leadspeopletoviewothersasinterpersonallycolder.(一项研究发现,当人们拿着热饮时,他们更有可能认为别人更温暖、更善良。另一方面,拿着冷饮会让人们认为别人在人际关系上更冷漠。)可知温度会影响我们对别人的看法,所以选项C"例如,它会影响我们对别人的看法。"符合语境,故选C。(3)标题归纳题。根据下文Bright,sunnydaysmayleaveyoufeelinghappyandfullofenergy.However,youmayfeelunhappyduringthedarker,shorterdaysoftheyearandloseinterestinactivitiesyouusuallyenjoy.(阳光明媚的日子会让你感到快乐和充满活力。然而,在一年中黑暗、短暂的日子里,你可能会感到不快乐,对你通常喜欢的活动失去兴趣。)可知光可以影响我们的感受,所以选项B"光可以影响我们的感受,这已经不是什么秘密了。"符合语境,故选B。(4)联系下文题。根据下文Forexample,ifyougrewupenjoyingtheoutdoorsduringsummermonthsandhavepleasantmemoriesofthesummerseason.thenitmaybemorepossiblethatyou'llalsolovesummerasanadult.(例如,如果你在夏天的几个月里喜欢户外活动,并对夏天有着美好的回忆,那么成年后你可能也会喜欢夏天。)可知个人偏好也和经历有关,所以选项G"然而,我们的个人偏好也可能受到我们的经历的影响。"符合语境,故选G。(5)联系下文题。根据下文Ifsummerisyourfavoritetimeofyear,itmightmeanthatyoulovegettingoutandlivinganactivelifestyle.(如果夏天是你一年中最喜欢的时间,这可能意味着你喜欢外出并过着积极的生活方式。)可知上文可能是以其他季节为例,所以选项E"如果你最喜欢春天,那么你可能希望有新的体验。"符合语境,故选E。【点评】关于选句填空的做题步骤:步骤一:快速浏览一遍备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置:标题,句首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二:快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构。步骤三:分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。步骤四:注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五:区分相似项。第一节(共1小题;第36、37、38题各2分,第39题4分,共10分)阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。7.【分析】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了如何建立良好的友谊。【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段Inthebeginning,allthecasesoffriendlyrelationshipsmuchdependongoodfirstimpressions.(一开始,所有的友好关系很大程度上取决于良好的第一印象。)可知友好关系的早期依赖良好的第一印象。故答案为Inthebeginning,allthecasesoffriendlyrelationshipsmuchdependongoodfirstimpressions.(2)细节理解题。根据第三段Toexpressfriendliness,peopleusuallystandclosertogetherandspeakinsoftvoices.(为了表示友好,人们通常站得更近,轻声细语。)可知为了表示友好,人们通常站得更近,轻声细语。故答案为Toexpressfriendliness.(3)推理判断题。根据第四段Somerelationshipsarearesultofargumentanddiscussion,butitisusualforclosefriendstohavethesamebeliefsandinterests﹣theyoftentalkabout"beingonthesamewavelength".Equally,friendshavetolearntoputupwithannoyinghabitsandacceptdifferencesinopinion.(有些关系是争论和讨论的结果,但亲密的朋友通常有相同的信仰和兴趣——他们经常谈论"志同道合"。同样地,朋友之间也要学会容忍对方的坏习惯,接受彼此的不同意见。)可知必须学会忍受恼人的习惯,接受不同的意见。(而不是没有必要互相容忍对方令人讨厌的习惯和不同的意见。故答案为Closefriendsusuallyhavethesamebeliefsandinterests,butthereisnoneedtoputupwitheachother'sannoyinghabitsanddifferentopinions.Accordingtothepassage,closefriendusuallyhavethesamebeliefsandinterests,friendshavetolearntoputupwithannoyinghabitsandacceptdifferencesinopinion.(ratherthanthereisnoneedtoputupwitheachot

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