Unit1 课后培优分级练解析版

2/2Unit1课后培优分级练（解析版)课后培优练课后培优练培优第一阶——基础过关练单句语法填空1.(profession)spentmoretimeontheresearch.

2.Theyaskedmetodesigna(post)fortheactivity.

3.Ifoundgoingfishingintheeveningquitefunand(enjoy).

4.ItiswidelyacknowledgedthatalotofEnglishwordsaredifficult,(especial)inBiology.

5.Hewillexplainhowtheexpertmadesuchapositive(contribute)totheeducation.

6.Afterhisefforts,hisdream(come)true.

7.DoctorLiWenliang,inHubeiProvince,madegreat(achieve)duringtheoutbreakofthevirus.

8.Theseideaswillbeexploreddetailinnextchapter.

9.Savingandrecyclingaregreatvalueinthedevelopmentofthemodernsociety.

10.Ifyoufollowme,youwillmakegreater(succeed).

11.Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbe(challenge).

12.China’sefforts(give)timelytreatmenttothoseinfectedwiththevirusarebeingpraisedbytherestoftheworld.

13.ItisverykindyoutoinvitemetothepartyinyourhousethisSunday.

14.Ourcountryisdevelopingatan(amaze)speed,whichmakesmefeelsoproud.

15.Heisgoodathisjobbutheseemstolack(confident).

16.ChineseCalligraphyisoneofthemany(option)coursesofferedtostudents.

17.Thefestivalis(tradition)heldinMay.

18.MyknowledgeofEnglishispretty(base).

19.MrSmithtoldusthelectureheattendedwasveryimportantandnoonewasallowedtobelate.

20.Anyhow,mygoalistoprovidemyfamilywithalifehighquality.

21.Mostofusaremorefocusedourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.

22.ThefilmremindsmethehappiestdayswhenIwasyoung.

23.Inourchildhood,wewereoftenremindedbyGrandma(pay)attentiontoourtablemanners.

24.Lilyfeltdownbecauseher(propose)wasturneddownbythemanager.

25.Thetopuniversitiesaim(choose)themostintelligentstudents.

26.Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudecollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend.

27.A(balance)dietwithaproperamountofphysicalexercisecontributestoahealthylife.

28.Youshouldbookyourflightabouttwoorthreeweeksadvancesothatyoucanenjoyalowerprice.

29.The(propose)forourtripmademesatisfied.

30.Ienjoyedoutdooractivities,andsomeofthemwere(challenge).

【答案】1.Professionals2.poster3.enjoyable4.especially5.contribution6.came7.achievements8.in9.of10.success11.challenging12.togive13.of14.amazing15.confidence16.optional17.traditionally18.basic19.that20.of21.on22.of23.topay24.proposal25.tochoose26.to/towards27.balanced28.in29.proposal30.challenging短语填空riseto,makeadifference,makethemostof,liein,makeeffortsto,leadto,lastbutnotleast,makeadvancesin,haveconfidencein,lookforwardto1.Georgestudiedhard.Hewantedtohischancetolearn.

2.IamadoctorandIlovemyworkbecauseittothelivesofothers.

3.Thechiefdifficultyfindingagoodopportunitynowadays.

4.ThemedicalcommunitycontinuestothefightagainsttheCOVID-19.

5.Iwouldliketothankmypublisher,myeditorand,,myhusband.

6.Frankisattendinghissister’swedding.

7.Thechildrenwerenotabletothatkindofmatter.

8.Itisimportantforyoutoyourstudy.

9.I’mdealwithmattersofthissort.

10.Yourcarelessnesssomanymistakesinyourjoblastweek.

【答案】1.makethemostof2.makesadifference3.liesin4.makeadvancesin5.lastbutnotleast6.lookingforwardto7.riseto8.haveconfidencein9..makingeffortsto10.ledtocometrue,focusone’sattentionon,stickto,payoff,aimto,giveup,asaresultof,(be)basedon1.theheavyrain,thefootballmatchwasputoff.

2.Afterhisretirement,hecanhispersonalinterests.

3.Whateverhappens,we’llourpromise.

4.Hisdreamofbecomingauniversityteacherhas.

5.You’llbeabletochoosearoomyourownpersonaltaste.

6.Evenifthechild’saccesstoschoolingisdifficult,youshouldnot.

7.Tooursatisfaction,hiseffortsonhischildrenwill.

8.Wetobetherearoundsix.

【答案】1.Asaresultof2.focushisattentionon3.stickto4.cometrue5.basedon6.giveup7.payoff8.aimtohavetheopportunityto,aimto,layout,focuson,puttogether,beinterestedin,puton,aswell,can’twaitto,beusedto1.Hemykindhelptheseyears.

2.Moreandmorestudentsbeadmittedtokeyuniversities.

3.InmostofChina’sprovincesstudentsreturntoschools.

4.Hemakeseffortstodothattomakeyourdreamcometrue.

5.ThewatersintheYangtzeRiverhavereachedwarninglevel.

6.Asstudents,weshouldwhatweshoulddonow.

7.Makesureallwordsandpicturesareneatlyandbeautifully.

8.Hehasmoremoneythantherestofus.

9.Manyforeignstudentstraditionalart.

10.Attheendofeachterm,studentsacalligraphyshow.

【答案】1.hasbeenusedto2.havetheopportunitiesto3.can’twaitto4.aimto5.aswell6.focuson7.laidout8.puttogether9.areinterestedin10.puton培优第二阶——拓展培优练●语法填空、七选五、阅读理解训练阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（每空至多3词）It'snevereasyfor71Asianathletetoshineintrackandfieldevents.ButSuBingtian,28,72(know)asthe“Chineseflyingman”，becamethefirstmaleChinesesprinter（短跑运动员）towina73(globe)medalinanindividualevent.74March3,hetookthesilverinthemen's60mfinalattheWorldIndoorChampionshipsintheUK.Inthefinal,SuBingtianranhispersonalbestof6.42seconds,breakingtheAsianrecordof6.43,whichhealso75(set)lastmonthinGermany.ThelasttimeaChineseathleteachievedamilestonewasin2004,76LiuXiangwonagoldmedalinAthensinthe110mhurdles.Inevitably(不可避免地),SuiscomparedtoLiu.“LiuXiang77(be)myidolandalsomyfriend,”SutoldXinhuaNewsAgency.Asamatteroffact,Suhadexpected78(win)abronzeduringthefinal.“Thereisnodifferencebetweensilver79bronze.EvenabronzecouldprovethatChinesesprintershavemadebreakthroughsinmanymajorworld80(compete).”hesaid.【答案】71．an72．known73．global74．On75．set76．when77．is78．towin79．and80．competitions根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ManypeoplethinkthatEnglishwritingisdifficult.___36___Herearesomegreatwritingtipsthatwillhelpyouimproveyourwritinginashorttime.Don’tramble(长篇大论).Thisisaverycommonmistakemadebypeoplewhohavepoorwritingskills.Whentheyramble,theyarenotpayingattentiontogrammar.Asaresult,theirsentencesbecomeverylong.___37___Ifyouknowyouhavepoorgrammar,useshortsentences.___38___Thinkabouteachsentencecarefullytomakesurethatitiscorrectbeforemovingon.It’sbettertowriteashortpassagethatiseasytoreadandmistake-freethantowritealongarticlethatisfilledwithgrammarmistakes.Increaseyourvocabulary.Ifyoudon’thavealargevocabulary,youwillfinditdifficulttowriteasyoucan’tfindrightwordstoexpressyourselfclearly.Thesolutiontothisproblemistoincreaseyourvocabulary.___39___Youcandothisbyreadingthelocalnewspapersdaily,borrowingbooksfromthelibraryorwatchingEnglishprograms.Don’twritewhenyouaretired.Tirednesscanleadtonothingtowrite.Ifyoufindyourselflookingatablankpieceofpaperwithnothingtowrite,don’tjustsitthere!Takeawalkorawarmshower,orsimplyliedowntogetsomerest.___40___You’llfindthatyou’llenjoyyourwritingalotmoreandmakefewermistakes!A.Findoutthemistakesyou’vemade.B.Makesureyoursentencesarecorrect.C.Youcanpickupnewwordsalmostanywhere.D.Writewhatinterestsyoumostinthebeginning.E.Asaresult,theymaygiveupaftertryinghardforawhile.F.Thelongerthesentencesare,themoremistakesthey’llmake.G.Whenyourmindisrelaxed,youshouldgobacktoyourwriting.【答案】36--40EFBCG阅读理解Aspricesdropandtheirfunctionalityexpands,youcanexpecttoseehumanoid(类人的）robotsinmoreplaces,includingschools,airports,andhospitals.Willtheyinfluencehumanbehavior?Inastudypublishedrecently,scientistsfoundthatmeanrobotscanhelppeopleconcentrate.Theexperiment,publishedinScienceRobotics,wasbasedonsomethingcalledtheStroopTask,whichiswidelyusedinpsychologyanddescribedasthe"goldstandard"ofattentionaltests.Itchallengesparticipantstonamethecolorsofwordsandignoretheirmeaningswhilecalculatingreactiontime.Theresearchersputamoderntwistonthetask,though-thistime,therewasarobotintheroom.Thegoalwastoseeifthepresenceofarobotwouldaffectcognition(认知），andtheresearchersfounditdid,butonlywhentherobotwasmean.Howdoyoumakearobotmean?Inthiscase,ameter-talltoyrobotcalledaMeccanoidG15KSwasmadetorespondtosevenquestions.Thegoodrobotstoldjokes,spokeaboutfriendship,anddescribedtestsubjectsasnice.Thebadrobotsrepliedtoquestionswithpassiveaggressivecomebacks,suchas"Ienjoydoinganalysisprogramsbutyouwouldnotunderstand"andstatementslike"Idonotvaluefriendship."Thentheparticipantsratedtherobots."Themoreparticipantsthoughttherobotmadethemuncomfortable,thegreatertheimprovementoftheirStroopperformancewas,"theresearcherswrote."Notsurprisingly,thebadrobotwasratedaslesswarm,friendlyandpleasantthanthegoodrobot."Thestudyauthorsarguethatrobotsarecrossingthelineinsomesituationsfrommachinestosocialagents.Thatwillchangehowhumansinteractwith(与...相互作用）andbehavearoundthem.“Similartoahuman'spresence,thepresenceofarobotmightnotbeneutral(无倾向性的）1nsituationslikeschoolorintheofficewhenyouareworking."NicolasSpatola,oneofthestudyauthorssaidinanemail,"Sobeforeyourbossdecidestointroducearobotinyouroffice,1tcouldbeagoodideatoevaluatehowyoufeelaboutitandhowitcanpositivelyornegativelyimpactyourwork,howcomfortableyoumayfeelwithitorifyoufeelittobeathreat."Just58studentsfromUniversityClermontAuvergneinFranceparticipatedintheexperimentbuttheresearchersfoundanincreaseinthespeedofcorrectanswersamongthoseinthepresenceofameanrobotwhencomparedtothosewhowerewithanicerobotoralone.Inthefuture,robotswillalmostcertainlybecomemoreandmorecommoninnursinghomes,hotelcheck-indesks,behindthewheel,andelsewhere.“Ifwewanttoimprovetheuseofrobotsinourdailylife,thereseemstobeaneedtofirstunderstandhowHumanRobotInteractioncanimpacthumanpsychology,”Spatolasaid.31.Whatwasthefindingofthenewstudy?A.Theuseofrobotsisrising.B.Humanoidrobotscanbemean.C.Unkindrobotscansharpenourfocus.D.Robotsarebecomingmorefunctional.,.32.Accordingtothepassage,howdidtheparticipantsjudgetherobots?A.Bytheirwords.B.Bytheiractions.C.Bytheirappearance.D.BytheStroopTask.33.WhichofthefollowingmightNicolasSpatolaagreewith?A.Becarefulaboutusingrobots.B.Leavetherobotifitpresentsathreat.C.Robotswillhaveagoodimpactonoffices.D.Robotsmayreplacehumansintheworkplace.34.Whatwasthedrawbackofthestudy?A.Theparticipantsweretooyoung.B.Thestudymethodwasn'tscientific.C.Therewasaslightdifferenceinspeed.D.Thenumberoftheparticipantswastoosmall.35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Scientistshavealreadydevelopedhumanoidrobots.B.Humanoidrobotshavealreadyfounditswayintoourdailylife.C.Humanoidrobotswillcertainlycomeintoourdailylifesoonerorlater.D.Thereisnodifficultywe'llmeetwithbeforehumanoidrobotsarewidelyused.【答案】CAADC●写作训练假设你是中华高中高二（11）班的班长Jim。你班将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speechcontest)。英语演讲比赛主题：这是我的家乡时英语演讲比赛主题：这是我的家乡时间：7月2日下午2：30-4：30地点：艺术楼，301教室选手：12名学生联系人：Jim（电话82335326）欢迎大家光临!注意：词数100左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文】DearMs.Green，I'mJim,monitorofClass11，Senior2ofZhonghuaHighSchool,whichisclosetoyourcompany.I'mwritingtoinviteyouasajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldonJuly2.Itstartsat2:30pmatRoom301,ArtBuildingandisexpectedtolastforabouttwohours.Twelvestudentswilldelivertheirspeechesonthegiventopic–Thisismyhometown.Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldacceptthisinvitation.Feelfreetocallmeat82335326ifyouhaveanyquestions.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,Jim培优第三阶——高考沙场点兵（2022·新高考全国I卷）第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour___41___arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we___42___alongChalkCreek.Iwas___43___thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas___44___,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So___45___tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It___46___—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe___47___,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly___48___ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The___49___pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto_____50_____themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No_____51_____.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere_____52_____,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere_____53_____.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof_____54_____,wonderingwhatcampingfunand_____55_____wewillexperiencenext.41.A.ideas B.jokes C.memories D.discoveries42.A.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycled43.A.annoyed B.surprised C.disappointed D.worried44.A.unhurt B.unfortunate C.uncomfortable D.unafraid45.A.dueto B.insteadof C.apartfrom D.asfor46.A.worked B.happened C.mattered D.changed47.A.signedup B.calmeddown C.checkedout D.headedoff48.A.arranged B.interrupted C.completed D.recorded49.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed50.A.find B.hide C.start D.fix51.A.luck B.answer C.wonder D.signal52.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly53.A.sorry B.brave C.safe D.right54.A.relief B.duty C.pride D.excitement55.A.failure B.adventure C.performance D.conflict【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.C45.B46.A47.D48.B49.A50.C51.A52.D53.C54.D55.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A.ideas想法；B.jokes笑话；C.memories记忆；D.discoveries发现。根据上文“havehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears”以及下文“especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A.camped露营；B.drove开车；C.walked散步；D.cycled骑自行车。根据上文“Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.surprised惊讶的C.disappointed失望的；D.worried担心的。根据下文“Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A.unhurt未受伤的；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.”以及下文“hiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。【45题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A.dueto由于；B.insteadof代替、而不是；C.apartfrom除了；D.asfor至于。根据上文“Hewasuncomfortable,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.”以及下文“Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A.worked起作用；B.happened发生；C.mattered事关紧要；D.changed改变。根据下文“hedidn’tendupinthecreek.”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。【47题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.signedup注册、报名；B.calmeddown冷静下来；C.checkedout退房、结账离开；D.headedoff启程、出发。根据上文“Theskywasclear”以及下文“butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.arranged安排；B.interrupted中断；C.completed完成；D.recorded记录。根据上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly”以及下文“ourpeacefulmorningtrips”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A.wind风；B.noise噪音；C.temperature温度；D.speed速度。根据上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A.find找到；B.hide隐藏；C.start启动；D.fix修理。根据下文“Nothing.Hetriedagain.”以及“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A.luck好运；B.answer回答；C.wonder惊奇；D.signal信号。根据下文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A.patiently耐心地；B.tirelessly不知疲倦地；C.doubtfully怀疑地；D.helplessly无助地。根据上文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A.sorry抱歉的；B.brave勇敢的；C.safe安全的；D.right正确的。根据上文“afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowedusback”可推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A.relief救济；B.duty职责；C.pride自豪；D.excitement兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wonderingwhatcampingfun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A.failure失败；B.adventure冒险；C.performance表现；D.conflict冲突。根据上文“Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseofexcitement,wonderingwhatcampingfunand”以及下文“wewillexperiencenext”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。（2022·高考全国甲卷）第二节(其5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette(礼节)mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.___36___.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.___37___.HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.___38___,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.MakingRequests___39___.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.___40___,themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal【答案】36.D37.F38.C39.G40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。【36题详解】根据文章标题“ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut(外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant(不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“atarestaurant”对应标题中的“WhenDiningOut”，同时引起下文“Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.(知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。【37题详解】根据本段小标题“ChopstickRules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.(当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem(不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。【38题详解】根据本段小标题“HandsorUtensils(餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.(在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“insteadpreferringtousetheirhands(相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。【39题详解】根据本段小标题“MakingRequests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.(在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“Itmayseemlikesimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal(吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。【40题详解】根据下文“themore