2024-2025学年高中英语Module5ATripAlongtheThreeGorgesSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandVocabulary学案含解析外研版必修4

PAGEModule5ATripAlongtheThreeGorgeseq\o(\s\up7(SectionⅠ),\s\do5())eq\o(\s\up7(Introduction，ReadingandVocabulary),\s\do5())Ⅰ.重点单词1．woodn．木头，木材→woodsn．树林→woodenadj.木制的；呆板的，无表情的2．flatadj.平坦的→flatnessn．平坦；单调→flatn．套房，公寓3．surroundvt.围绕；环绕→surroundingadj.四周的，旁边的→surroundingsn．pl.四周的事物；环境4．colleaguen．同事→fellown．同事；家伙(同义词)5．downstreamadv.向下游；随波而下→upstreamadv.向上游；逆流6．tradevi.做生意；交易→traden．交易；贸易→tradern．商人7．hillyadj.多山的；丘陵起伏的→hilln．小山；丘陵8．narrowvi.变狭窄→narrowadj.狭窄的；牵强的→narrowlyadv.牵强地；狭隘地；差一点儿→widenv．(使)变宽(反义词)9．distantadj.遥远的→distancen．距离，路程→distantlyadv.疏远地；遥远地；生疏地10．exploitvt.开发；利用→exploitationn．开发，开采；利用→exploitern．开拓者；剥削者Ⅱ.重点短语1．attheedgeof在……边缘2．goonatrip去旅行3．arriveat/in到达4．spendsth.(in)doingsth.花费……做某事5．havefourweeksoff休假四周6．narrowto窄至7．atleast至少8．gothrough通过；经验9．beheavywith有大量的……10．takepictures拍照11．pointat指着12．beimpressedby/with对……印象深刻；被……所感动13．meantodo准备做14．takeadvantageof利用1．surroundvt.围绕；环绕Thefencesurroundstheschool.篱笆环围着学校。Wearesurroundedwith/bydangers.我们的境况危机四伏。Theislandissurroundedwith/bythesea.小岛四面环海。[熟词]round围绕→[生词]surround包围→[生词]surroundingadj.四周的；环绕的；surroundingsn．环境surround...with...用……包围……；使……被……围着besurroundedwith/by被……围着surroundingadj.四周的；旁边的surroundingsn．四周的事物；环境Afterthelecture,MrChezstoodtheresurrounded(surround)bylotsofstudentswhowereaskinghimquestions.2．tradevi.做生意；交易vt.交换n．[U]贸易Thecompanytradesinsilk,tea,andotherproducts.该公司从事丝绸、茶叶和其他商品的贸易。IndiabegantradingwithEuropeinthe15thand16thcenturies.印度于十五、十六世纪起先和欧洲进行贸易。Itradedmywatchforabicycle.我用手表换了一辆自行车。Developingforeigntradeisveryimportantforourcountry.发展外贸对我国很重要。tradeinsth.经营某物；干某一行tradeAforB用A换Btradesth.withsb.和某人交换某物tradewithsb.与某人做生意Thestoretradesinfreshfruit.3．narrowv．(使)变狭窄adj.狭窄的；牵强的Thisiswheretherivernarrows.这条河就是在这里变窄的。Henarrowedhiseyesandstaredatthehorizon.他眯起眼睛凝视着地平线。Theroadwastoonarrowforcarstopass.路太窄了，车辆过不去。Ihadanarrowescapefromdeath.我幸免于死。narrow常作形容词用，其动词用法是通过词类转化而来的。可以转化为动词的形容词还有：clearadj.→v.cleartheroom打扫房间dryadj.→v.dryyourhands擦干手freeadj.→v.freetheslaves释放奴隶slowadj.→v.slowdown慢下来wrongadj.→v.wrongsb.冤枉某人narrowdown削减；限制；缩小；变窄narrow...to...把……局限在……之内narrow­minded心胸狭窄的narrowlyadv.差点儿ItwasfortunatethatJohnnarrowly(narrow)escapedbeingkilledinatrafficaccident.4．distantadj.遥远的Itsnowsalltheyearroundinthatdistantvillage.那个遥远的村庄整年下雪。Theschoolisthreemilesdistantfromthetown.那所学校距离城镇3英里远。Thesunisquitedistantfromtheearth.太阳距离地球很远。bedistantfrom离……遥远distancen．[C，U]距离；路程；远处；远方Helivesinadistant(distance)village.5．detourn．迂路；绕行之路常与make构成固定搭配。Theymadeadetourtoavoidthetowncentre.他们为避开市中心而绕行。Whenhefindssomethingunusualonhisway,hemadeadetourratherthanruntherisk.当他发觉路上有些反常时，他绕道避开而不是冒险接着向前。Hemadeadetourhome.6．charactern．文字；特性；特征；性格；品质；人物；角色ThecharactersinChinesewritinglooklikesmallpictures.中国字看上去像是一幅幅小小的图画。ThecharacteroftheSiberianplainsisverydifferentfromthatofsouthChina.西伯利亚平原的特征跟中国南部平原大不相同。Thecityseemstometolackcharacter.这座城市在我看来缺乏特色。Whatdoesherhandwritingtellyouabouthercharacter?你从她的笔迹中看出她的什么性格特点？Dr.WatsonisacharacterintheSherlockHolmesstories.华生医生是夏洛克·福尔摩斯故事中的一个人物。characteristicadj.特有的；独特的characterizevt.表示……的特征；刻画……的性格Hespokewithcharacteristicenthusiasm.他说话带着特有的热忱。Eachregionwouldhavecommonpollutionsourcesandcharacteristicweather.每个区域有共同的污染源和特有的气候。Yourworkischaracterizedbylackofattentiontodetails.你的工作特点是缺乏对细微环节的留意。Thetownhasitscharacteristic(character)features.7．exploitvt.开发；开拓；开采；利用；剥削Wemustexploitthecountry'smineralresources.我们必需开发国家的矿产资源。Heisgoodatexploitingasituationforhisownadvantage.他擅长利用形势谋取私利。Theyexploitedhergenerosityshamelessly.他们无耻地利用了她的慷慨。exploitationn．开拓；开发；开采；剥削；利用exploitern．剥削者exploitableadj.可开发的；可利用的；可剥削的exploit含义面面观Manynaturalresourceshavenotbeenexploited(exploit)inthisarea.1．Ican'tbelieveshedidsuchastupidthing—itseemstobeoutofhercharacter.解析：character“性格”，outofcharacter“与特性不符”。2．It'srequiredthatmineralresourcesbeexploited(exploit)handinhandwiththelocalenvironmentprotection.解析：句意：资源开发与爱护当地的环境应同步进行。3．InthefirstweekofSeniorHigh，moststudentsappeareddistantthoughtheytriedtobeasfriendlyastheycould.解析：distant冷漠的。句意：在上中学的第一周，大多数学生显得冷漠了一些，尽管他们尽量保持友好。4．TheymadeadetourinordertoenjoythebeautifulsceneryoftheWestLake.解析：makeadetour为固定搭配，意为“绕道；绕行”。句意：他们绕道而行，为的是观赏西湖的漂亮风景。5．Thevillageisdistantfromthepostoffice.解析：句意：这个村庄离邮局很远。bedistantfrom“离……遥远”，为固定搭配。6．Myuncleisasmartbusinessman.Hemadealotofmoneybytradingwiththeforeignerslastyear.解析：句意：我叔叔是个精明的商人。去年他跟外国人做生意赚了很多钱。tradewith...“与……做生意”。7．Theyarestampcollectors;theyoftentradestampswitheachother.解析：句意：他们是集邮者，常常相互交换邮票。tradesth.withsb.与……交换。8．Agoodgovernmentshouldworktonarrow(narrow)thegapbetweentherichandpoor.解析：句意：一个好的政府应当致力于缩小贫富差距。narrow“使变窄”。9．Alargequantityofgoods(good)wassenttotheexhibitionfromvariouspartsoftheworld.解析：句意：大量的商品从世界各地运输到了博览会。goods“货物；商品”。10．Alotofgoodsinhisshopwerestolenlastnight.解析：句意：昨晚，他商店里的很多货物被偷了。goods“货物；商品”，无单数形式，作主语时谓语动词要用复数形式；由时间状语lastnight可知应用一般过去时。11．Thisgroupofmountainssurround(surrounding)eachothersothatitisquiteeasytogetlosthere.解析：句意：这里群山环绕，很简单迷路。surround“围绕；环绕”。1．attheedgeof在……的边缘Thetreeisattheedgeoftheriver.那棵树长在河边。Thepolicetookuptheirstationsattheedgeoftheroad.警方在路边各就各位。ontheedgeof在……边缘上；快要发生Iwasontheedgeofamentalbreakdownatthattime.当时我处在精神崩溃的边缘。Thereisaboatattheedgeofthelake.2．atleast至少Thefoodwasn'tgood,butatleastitwascheap.这种食品不怎么好，但至少便宜。Ithoughthehadbeendeadforatleasttwentyyears.我以为他去世至少有20年了。notintheleast一点也不atmost至多；不超过Icangiveyou100dollarsatmost.我最多只能给你100美元。I'llstaythereforatleasttwodays.3．gothrough通过；经验；遭遇；阅读；翻阅；细致检查Youhavetobenddowntogothroughthedoor.这扇门得弯着腰才能过去。Theywentthroughmanyhardshipsduringthewar.在斗争中他们经验了很多磨难。Maryquicklywentthroughtheintroductionofthenovelintwominutes.玛丽用两分钟的时间快速阅读了这本小说的前言。Let'sgothroughthearrangementsforthepartyagain.我们再检查一遍聚会的支配事宜。goahead请吧，说吧，做吧godown下降，下跌goout出去；(灯，火)熄灭goover复习，细致检查①Thelittlegirlwentthroughalotwhenshewascheatedandsoldtothemountainvillage.②Peopleincitieshopethehousingpricewillgodown.4．beheavywith有大量的……Theairisheavywiththescentofflowers.空气中充满着浓郁的花香。I'mstillheavywithinfluenzabutgettingbetter.我的流感仍旧很厉害，但正在好转。Theappletreeisheavywithfruit.5．havefourweeksoff休息四周have...off＝take...off，一般用时间作宾语，意为“休息……；放假……”。I'mtakingThursdayofftodosomeChristmasshopping.我周四要请假，为圣诞节买点东西。Hehadtwodaysoffbecauseofhisheavycold.6．pointat指着It'srudetopointataperson.指人是不礼貌的。“That'sthemanwhodidit，”shesaid,pointingatme.“那事就是他干的，”她指着我说。point...at把/用……瞄准或对着pointone'sfingeratsb./sth.用手指着某人/某物pointagunatsb.用枪瞄准某人Don'tpointyourfeetatothers.1．Itwasearlyspring,butmostofthetreesherehadbeenheavy(heavily)withcolourfulflowers.解析：句意：虽是早春，但这儿多数的树上都有很多明丽的花。beheavywith“有大量的……”。2．ThemoviesIlikemusthaveathemeoratleastmakeyouthinkaboutsomethingimportant.解析：句意：我喜爱的电影肯定要有个主题，或者至少能让你思索一些重要的事情。atleast“至少”。3．Youshouldgothroughtheofficialwaystogethelpinsteadofprivaterelationship.解析：句意：你应当通过官方渠道而非私人关系来获得帮助。gothrough“通过”。4．Lilyhadgonethroughmanyfailuresbeforeshefinallysucceededintheexperiment.解析：句意：莉莉经验了很多失败之后最终胜利地完成了试验。gothrough“经验；遭遇”。5．Althoughtheoldmanwasattheedgeofdeath,hestillfoughtwiththediseasebravely.解析：句意：尽管这个老人已在死亡的边缘，他依旧英勇地与疾病作着斗争。attheedgeof“在……的边缘”。6．Heclearlypointedoutthedifferencesbetweenthetwinbrothers.解析：句意：他清晰地指出了这对孪生兄弟之间的不同之处。pointout“指出”。7．Wewillhavetwodaysoffnextweek,whenwecangoonatrip.解析：havetwodaysoff休两天假。1．HeandacolleagueweretospendtwoyearsthereteachingEnglishatateachertrainingcollege.他和另一位同事将在那里的一所老师进修学院任教英语两年。betodosth.在此处表示“依据支配或依据支配将要做某事”。Wearetomeetattheentrancetothehall.我们约定在大厅门口见面。Themeetingistobeheldtomorrowafternoon.会议定于明天下午召开。betodosth.除了上面表示“按支配或依据支配将要做某事(意思接近begoingto)”的用法外，还有以下一些用法：①表示“应当(该)做的事情”(意思接近should)。Nobodyknewwhatwastobedone.没有人知道该做什么。Youarenottodothatagain.以后不要这样做了。②表示“必需或不得不做的事情”(意思接近must，need或haveto)。You'retomoveoutofthehouserightaway.你必需立刻搬出去。Thisletteristobehandedtohiminperson.这封信得亲自交给他。③表示“想要/决心做的事情”(意思接近wantto，intendto，多用于条件从句中)。ImustcontinuetolearnifIamtomakefurtherprogress.今后我若要更进一步还得接着学习。Ifwearetobethereontime，we'llhurryup.假如我们想准时赶到那里，我们得快点。④表示“后来将发生的事情”，多用于过去时。Hewastoregretthisdecision.他将来会懊悔做这个确定的。Ifyouareto_pass(pass)theexam,you'llhavetoworkhard.2．Thatsoundedfinetome.我觉得听起来还不错。sound可作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后常跟形容词作表语。sound后还可跟asif从句。Yourexplanationsoundsconfusing.你的说明听起来令人迷惑。Itsoundsasifyou'llneedanewcarifthedamageisasbadastheysay.假如汽车损坏的状况有他们说的那么严峻地话，你似乎就应当去买部新车了。Itsoundstomeasifthereisataprunningsomewhere.我觉得听起来似乎哪儿有水龙头在流水。Theideasoundsreasonable(reason)．3．“Oh，well，”myfriendsaid，“atleastwehavetwomoreleft.”“哦，好吧，”我的挚友说，“至少我们能望见另外两个峡谷。”(1)more在句中意为“还有；再”，常和数词搭配，并放在数词之后。Weneedthreemorehands.我们还须要三个人。(2)过去分词left在句中意为“剩下”。它可放在名词之后或者anything，something，nothing，somebody，nobody等不定代词之后，常常用于therebe结构。Therewerenocropsleftaftertheflood.洪水过后，一棵庄稼也没留下。Atthattimetherewasnothingleftforhertodobutgototheoffice.那时她没有别的可做，只好去办公室。left，remaining与therest三者都可意为“剩下(的)”，但词性和用法相差较大。left为过去分词，其位置在名词和不定代词之后；remaining是现在分词，起形容词的作用，放在名词之前；therest相当于一个代词，因此不能干脆修饰名词，而应运用短语“therestof＋名词”。此外，如therest指代名词复数，它就具有复数性质；如指代单数或不行数名词，它就具有单数性质。Ihavenomoneyleft.我没钱了。Theremainingsnowbegantofreezeagain.残留的雪又起先结冰。I'lltakemyshare，andtherestofthemoneyisyours.我会拿走我的一份，剩下的钱是你的。Therestofthehouseswerenotrented.余下的房子没有租出去。Iatetwoapples.TherestwereeatenbyTom.我吃了两个苹果，剩下的被汤姆吃了。Thereisnotimeleft(leave).Hurryup!4．Onadistantmountainwasasignin20­footcharacters.“BuildtheThreeGorgesDam，ExploittheYangtzeRiver，”itsaid.远山上写着20英尺见方的汉字：“建立三峡大坝，开发长江资源”(1)本句采纳了倒装句型。本句中的主语为asign，表地点的介词短语onadistantmountain位于句首，主谓倒装。当句首为here，there，now，then等副词，谓语动词为be，go，come等时，句子的主谓要求倒装；表示时间、地点和方向的副词如in，out，away，up，down，off等置于句首时，句子也用完全倒装。Onthetopofthemountainstandsatalltree.山顶上耸立着一棵大树。Onthewallhangtwoloudspeakers.墙上挂着两个喇叭。Herecomesthepostman!邮递员来了！Inrushedawoman.一位妇女冲了进来。当这类句子的主语是代词而不是名词时，不运用倒装结构。Hereweare.我们到了。Outofthecinemahecame.他从电影院出来。(2)say的意思是“说；写着”，其主语既可以是人，也可以是书、报、杂志、便条等。Ireceivedanotewhichsaid，“Thankyouforwhatyouhavedone.”我收到一张纸条，上面写着：“感谢你做的一切。”Inthemiddleofthesquarestands(stand)abigstone.5．Theyaremainlyforgoodsandpeopletradingalongtheriver.这些船主要乘载货物和沿河做生意的人。tradingalongtheriver现在分词短语作定语修饰people。现在分词作定语，假如是单个词则放在被修饰词的前面；假如是短语，则常放在被修饰词的后面。Thegirlstandingthereismysister.站在那边的那个女孩是我妹妹。Therisingsunlooksverybeautiful.冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。Therearesomeboysplaying(play)footballontheplayground.1．Lookoverthere—there'saverylong,windingpathleading(lead)uptothehouse.解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：看那儿——有一条很长的且曲折的路，它干脆通向这座房子。本题为非谓语动词作定语，且path与lead之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作定语。2．ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortunewas(be)tobemade.解析：makeafortune意为“发财”，make在句中须要运用被动形式。betodo意为“将会，将要”，wastobemade表示过去将来。句意：澳洲金矿的发觉使成千上万的人信任他们将会发财。3．—Howaboutseeingthenewmovieatthetheatretonight?—Soundsgreat(greatly),butI'vegottogoovermynotesfortomorrow'sexam.解析：soundsgreat，“听起来很好”，是系表结构，前面省略了主语it，符合语境。4．Atthefootofthemountainlies_a_village(avillagelie)．解析：当表示地点的介词短语作状语放在句首时，主谓应完全倒装，该句正常语序为：Avillageliesatthefootofthemountain.。5．—WhatshouldIdofirst?—Theinstructionssay(say)thatyoushouldmixflourwithwatercarefullyfirst.解析：say“内容是，上面写着”。答句句意：说明书上写着你应当首先细致地混合水和面。6．Whatcouldtheoldmandowiththeremaining(remain)vegetables?解析：remaining是形容词，意为“剩下的”，只能作前置定语。Ⅰ.语法填空Peterandhis