2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit1KnowingmeKnowingyou第2课时Usinglanguage学案含解析外研版必修第三册

PAGEUnit1Knowingme,Knowingyou其次课时UsinglanguageⅠ.词汇初探1．dutyn.职责；义务；责任2．accidentn.意外事务；偶然因素3．ensurev.确保；保证4．annoyedadj.颇为生气的→annoyvt.使……不悦；惹恼→annoyingadj.使人苦恼的5．adjustvi.&vt.调整；(使)适应→adjustableadj.可调整的→adjustmentn.调整；适应6．complexityn.困难性；错综困难→complexadj.困难的→simpleadj.简洁的→simply_adv.简洁地；仅仅；只7．forgivevt.宽恕；饶恕→forgave(过去式)→forgiven(过去分词)→forgivenessn.宽恕8．criticisev.指责；指责→criticismn.指责9．embarrassmentn.窘迫；尴尬→embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的→embarrassedadj.尴尬的；陷入逆境的Ⅱ.短语互译1．偶然；意外地by_accident2．看不起look_down_on3．领先take_the_lead4．适应adjust_to5．settledown安排下来6．getalongwith和……相处7．complainabout埋怨8．lookon看待Ⅲ.经典句式1．Don'tjudgesomeonetooquickly.Ittakestimeto_understandaperson.(P6)不要太快推断一个人。了解一个人须要时间。2．It_is_believed_thatEQplaysanevenmoreimportantrolethanIQ(intelligencequotient)inpeople'slives.(P7)人们信任情商在人们的生活中比智商更重要。3．Being_able_to_say_nopolitelyisoneofthefeaturesofemotionalintelligence.(P7)能够礼貌地说“不”是情商的特征之一。Ⅳ.语法初探——单句语法填空1．Ordinarysoap,used(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.2．Heated(heat),liquidscanbechangedintogases.3．Raised(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.4．Absorbed(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.5．Muchtimespent(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.1eq\a\vs4\al(annoyedadj.感到恼火的；觉得生气的)[教材原句]PreventedfromplayingherroleinRiley'semotionaldevelopment,Sadnessfeelsannoyed.(P5)由于无法在莱利的心情发展中扮演她的角色，哀痛感到恼火。①HeglaredatJohnandwasannoyedbyhisrefusaltocooperate.他对约翰怒目而视，对他拒绝合作感到愤怒。[归纳拓展](1)annoyvt.使……不悦；惹恼annoysb.使某人不兴奋；惹恼某人(2)annoyedadj.感到恼火的；觉得生气的beannoyedwithsb.对某人生气beannoyedat/aboutsth.因某事生气(3)annoyingadj.使人不兴奋的；恼人的；烦人的[即时巩固]完成句子/单句语法填空②Hegotveryannoyed_withmeat/aboutmycarelessness.他因我的马虎大意而对我很生气。③Theannoyingthingabouttheschemeisthatit'sconfusing.这项支配可气的地方是它让人一头雾水。④Iwasannoyedwithhimbecausehekeptinterruptingme.2eq\a\vs4\al(adjustv.适应，使适应；整理，整顿；支配；调整；校正)[教材原句]WhenRileymovestoanewcity，shehasahardtimeadjustingtohernewsurroundings.(P5)当莱利搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。①Ittookherawhiletoadjusttolivingalone.她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。[归纳拓展](1)adjustto...适应……adjustoneselfto...使自己适应/适应于……adjuststh.tosth.为协作……而调整……(2)adjustmentn.调整；调整make(an)adjustmentto...对……进行调整(3)adjustableadj.可以调整的[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②Youcanadjustthedesksandseatstotheheightofanychild.③Someschoolswillhavetomakeadjustments(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.④Youshouldadjust_yourself_tothenewenvironmentassoonaspossible.你应当尽快使自己适应新环境。3eq\a\vs4\al(forgivevt.forgave，forgiven宽恕；饶恕)[教材原句]Trytoforgivesomeonewhentheyapologise.(P6)当别人致歉时，尽力宽恕他们。①Toforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.宽恕是一种品德，但是没有人曾说宽恕是简洁的。[归纳拓展](1)forgiveme请宽恕；对不起forgiveone'sdoingsth.宽恕某人做了某事forgivesb.for(doing)sth.宽恕某人(做了)某事(2)forgiveandforget摒弃前嫌(3)forgivenessn．宽恕[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Pleaseforgivemeforinterrupting，butIreallydon'tagreewiththat.③Heaskedforforgiveness(forgive)forwhathehaddonewrong.4eq\a\vs4\al(embarrassmentn.尴尬)[教材原句]It'snotagoodideatocriticisesomeoneinfrontofothers.Thiscancauseembarrassment.(P6)在别人面前指责某人不是个好办法。这可能会造成尴尬。①Herfaceturnedredwithembarrassment.她窘得脸都红了。[归纳拓展](1)embarrassvt.使不好意思；使局促担忧embarrasssb.使某人尴尬(2)embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的；令人尴尬的embarrassedadj.尴尬的；尴尬的；窘况的beembarrassedabout对……难为情beembarrassedtodosth.因做某事感到难为情(3)embarrassmentn．尴尬toone'sembarrassment使某人感到尴尬的是[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②Thestudentfeltembarrassedbymyembarrassingquestion,andhisembarrassmentmademerealizeIshouldn'thaveraisedsuchaquestion.(embarrass)③Sheisembarrassed_aboutherheight.她因自己的身高而窘况。5eq\a\vs4\al(lien.谎话；谎言vi.说谎lied，lied，lying；躺下；位于)[教材原句]It'simportanttotellthetruth.Don'tlie.(P6)说实话很重要。不要撒谎。①Thewholestoryisnothingbutapackoflies.整个叙述只不过是一连串的谎言。[归纳拓展](1)tellalie＝telllies撒谎；说谎awhitelie善意的谎言(2)lietosb.对某人撒谎liein位于；在于liedown躺下[名师点津](留意词形改变)原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义词性lieliedliedlying说谎vi.lielaylainlying躺；位于vi.laylaidlaidlaying放置；下蛋vt.[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②Youcouldseefromhisexpressionthathewaslying(lie)tous.③Shetoldmethathappinessliesinhelpingothers.④Themomentthebellrang，helaid(lay)thebookonthetableandrushedoutoftheclassroom.⑤Themanlyingthereliedtousthathehadlaidthemoneyonthetable.躺在那里的那个人向我们撒谎说他把钱放在桌子上了。6eq\a\vs4\al(complainvi.埋怨；发牢骚；投诉)[教材原句]Don'talwayscomplainaboutpeople.(P6)不要总是埋怨别人。①Hedoesnothingbutcomplain.他除了埋怨什么事也没有做。[归纳拓展](1)complain(tosb.)of/aboutsth./doingsth.(向某人)投诉/埋怨某事/做某事；(向某人)发牢骚complain(tosb.)that...(向某人)埋怨……(2)complaintn.埋怨；投诉；控告makeacomplaintabout/ofsth.埋怨/投诉某事makeacomplainttosb.向某人埋怨/投诉[即时巩固]完成句子②I'mgoingtocomplain_tothemanageraboutthis.我要就这件事向经理投诉。③Theroadworkcausedmuchcomplaintamonglocalresidents.道路施工引起当地居民的很多怨言。1eq\a\vs4\al(takethelead领先)[教材原句]BelievingthatsheisRiley'smostimportantemotion,Joyalwaystriestotakethelead.(P5)信任她是莱利最重要的情感，欢乐总是尽力带头。①Neartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.竞赛快结束时，他领先了。[归纳拓展](1)leadsb.to＋n.带领某人到……；使某人得出(观点)leadsb.todosth.带领某人做某事leada．..life过着……的生活leadto引起；导致leadtheway带头，先行(2)inthelead领先[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②AsfarasIknow,itwasthecaraccidentduetodrunkdrivingthatledtohisbeingkilled.③Shewasin_the_leadduringtherace.她在赛跑中领先。④Ourjointeffortscanlead_toabetterenvironmentforourownexistence.我们共同的努力能够为我们自己的生存带来一个更好的环境。2eq\a\vs4\al(byaccident偶然；无意中；不当心)[教材原句]SadnesswantstodoherdutybutbyaccidentcausesthelossofRiley'shappycorememorieswithJoy.(P5)哀痛想要履行自己的职责，但却意外地让莱利失去了带有欢乐的核心记忆。①Asamatteroffact,IlandedinBritainbyaccident.事实上，我在英国上岸是偶然的。[归纳拓展]bychance偶然；意外byanychance万一；碰巧bynomeans绝不bymeansof凭借；通过bymistake错误地bythehour按小时byweight按重量[即时巩固]完成句子②Hegotonthewrongbusby_mistake.他上错了车。③Themanwhowascaughtonthescenewastherepurelyby_accident.那个当场被抓的人完全是碰巧在那儿。3eq\a\vs4\al(settledown定居；安静下来；用心于)[教材原句]AcceptingsadnessaspartoflifehelpsRileydealwiththeemotionalcomplexityofgrowingup,andsettledowninhernewlife.(P5)接受哀痛是生活的一部分，这有助于莱利处理成长过程中的困难心情，并在新生活中安定下来。①Hewantsmetosettledown,butnowIwanttofindanadventure.他想让我安定下来，但是现在我想找点儿冒险的事做。[归纳拓展](1)settledownto(doing)sth.用心于(干)某事settlein/into适应(2)settlementn.解决；处理；协议；定居点；开拓reach/arriveatasettlement达成协议(3)settlern.移民；殖民者[即时巩固]完成句子②I'mgladtolearnthatyou'vesettled_downinBeijing.得知你定居北京，我很兴奋。③Youwillbeverypromisingaslongasyousettle_downtoyourwork.只要你安心工作，你会有前途的。1Don'tjudgesomeonetooquickly.Ittakestimetounderstandaperson.P6不要太快推断一个人。了解一个人须要时间。[句式分析]Ittakes/took(sb.)sometime/moneytodosth.(某人)花费时间/金钱做某事。it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语todosth.是句子的真正主语。此外，take还可表示“须要”之意，ittakes/tooksth.todosth.做某事须要……。①IttooksixyearstobuildandcostUS$20billion.它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。[归纳拓展](1)sth.take(sb.)time某物花费(某人)多少时间(2)sb.takesometimetodosth.某人花费多少时间做某事(3)sb.spendsometime/money(in)doing/onsth.某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事(4)(doing)sth.cost(sb.)sometime/money(做)某事花费(某人)多少时间/金钱(5)sb.paysomemoneyforsth.某人为某物花费多少金钱[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②OnMondaymorningitusuallytakesmeanhourto_drive(drive)toworkalthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.③Asanewgraduate,hedoesn'tknowwhatittakesto_start(start)abusinesshere.④Shesaysthatshe'llneverforgetthetimewhichshehasspentworking(work)asasecretaryinourcompany.⑤Thewatchwasverygood,andhepaid20percentdownforit.⑥Believeitornot,ittakesgreatcourageto_tellthetruth.信不信由你，说实话须要志气。2ItisbelievedthatEQplaysanevenmoreimportantrolethanIQintelligencequotientinpeople'slives.P7人们信任情商在人们的生活中比智商更重要。[句式分析]Itisbelievedthat...句型中，it是形式主语；that从句是真正的主语。由于主语从句放在句首，往往显得头重脚轻，因此，常把它移到句子后面，而把it放在句首，作形式主语。①Itisreportedthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.据报道，事故中没有乘客受伤。[归纳拓展]类似用法还有：(1)It's＋形容词(possible,important,strange,natural...)＋that从句/forsb.todosth.(2)It's＋过去分词(said,known,thought,believed,supposed,reported...)＋that从句(3)It＋不及物动词(seem,occur,happen...)＋that从句(4)It's＋名词短语(apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,nowonder...)＋that从句[名师点津]在Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural/apity/essential＋that­clause中，从句的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②Itisreportedthatdonatingblooddoesgoodtohealth.③Itoccurredtomethatthenoodlesyoucookedtastedgood.④It'sashamethatwefailedtofulfilthetaskaheadoftime.⑤Itisnecessarythathe(should)_be_sent(send)thereatonce.⑥It_is_obvious_thatsmartphonesplayanimportantroleinourdailylife.自不待言，手机在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。3Beingabletosaynopolitelyisoneofthefeaturesofemotionalintelligence.P7能够礼貌地说“不”是情商的特征之一。[句式分析]Beingabletosaynopolitely为动名词短语，在句中作主语。①It'snoteasytolearnEnglishwell.Readingasmuchaspossibleisnecessary.学好英语不简洁。尽可能多阅读是必要的。[归纳拓展]动名词(短语)作主语的用法：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(干脆放在句首作主语，谓语用单数形式,\a\vs4\al(用it作形式主语)\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(Itisnouse/nogood/fun/awasteof,time/...＋doing,Itisuseless/nice/interesting/,worthwhile/...＋doing)),可以用名词全部格或形容词性物主代词作逻辑主语))[即时巩固]完成句子②It'snousepretendingthatyoudidn'tknowtherules.你假装不知道规则是没有用的。③Itisniceplayingchessaftersupper.晚饭后下象棋太好了。④Rose's_comingwon'tbeofmuchhelp.罗丝的到来不会起到很大作用。过去分词作状语过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明动作发生的背景或状况，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以跟状语从句转换，表示时间、让步、结果、方式等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为动宾关系。一、过去分词(短语)作状语的几种状况1．时间状语过去分词作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。也可在过去分词前加上连词“when，while，until”等，使其时间意义更明确。该状语可置于句首，句尾或主语与谓语之间。Whenaskedbytheteacher，thelittleboykeptsilent.＝Whenhewasaskedbytheteacher，thelittleboykeptsilent.当被老师提问时，这个小男孩不出声。(与谓语同时发生)Toldthathismotherwasseriouslyill，LiHuahurriedhomequickly.＝Afterhewastoldhismotherwasseriouslyill，LiHuahurriedhomequickly.被告知妈妈病得厉害之后，李华匆忙地回家了。(先于谓语动作发生)2．缘由状语过去分词(短语)作缘由状语，相当于一个缘由状语从句，多位于句首，间或也出现在句尾或句中。Movedbytheheroicdeeds，manypeoplecouldn'thelpcrying.＝As/Becausetheyweremovedbytheheroicdeeds,manypeoplecouldn'thelpcrying.被英雄事迹所感动，很多人禁不住哭了起来。Satisfiedwithwhathedid，theteacherpraisedhiminclass.＝Because/Ashewassatisfiedwithwhathedid，theteacherpraisedhiminclass.由于对他所做的事情感到满足，老师在班上表扬了他。3．条件状语可用在连词if,unless,once之后，相当于一个条件状语从句。Givenmoretime，wecoulddoitmuchbetter.＝Ifweweregivenmoretime，wecoulddoitmuchbetter.多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。Finished，thepapershouldbehandedinatonce.＝Ifitisfinished，thepapershouldbehandedinatonce.假如完成，这篇论文要立即上交。4．让步状语过去分词(短语)作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时可用在although，though，evenif，eventhough，whether...or等连词后。多位于句首，间或也出现在句尾。Thoughwarnedofthestorm，thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.＝Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm，thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.虽然农夫们已被警告将有风暴，但他们仍旧在地里干活。Beatenbytheoppositeteam，theplayerswerenotdiscouragedandpracticedevenharder.＝Thoughtheyhadbeenbeatenbytheoppositeteam，theplayerswerenotdiscouragedandpracticedevenharder.虽然被对方战胜，队员们没有泄气，而是更加刻苦训练。5．方式或伴随状语过去分词可用作方式或伴随状语，此时相当于一个由and连接的并列结构。该状语可位于句首、句尾或句中。Sheacceptedthegift，deeplymoved.＝Sheacceptedthegift，andshewasdeeplymoved.她接受了礼物，深深地被感动了。Thewomanscientistenteredthelab,followedbyherassistants.＝Thewomanscientistenteredthelabandshewasfollowedbyherassistants.这个女科学家进入试验室，后面跟着她的助手们。二、过去分词作状语的留意事项1．作状语的过去分词的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作与主语之间是动宾关系。Givenanotherhour，hecanalsoworkoutthisproblem.再给一个小时，他也能解出这道题。(give和he之间是动宾关系)2．有些过去分词及短语因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)；dressedin(穿着)；tiredof(厌烦)。Lostinthought,hedidn'tnoticehismothercomein.由于陷入深思之中，他没有留意到妈妈进来。3．过去分词常跟when，while，after，if，unless，although/though，asif等连词一起用，修饰谓语动词。Metalsexpandwhenheated.金属被加热会膨胀。三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区分1．过去分词作状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系；现在分词作状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系。2．过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一样。否则，须加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。[即时巩固]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Worn(wear)outafteralongwalk，Katecalledandsaidshecouldn'tcometotheparty.2．Dressed(dress)inawhiteuniform，helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.3．Devoted(devote)tohiswork，theprofessorcareslittleaboutanyotherthings.4．Caught(catch)inaheavyrain，hehadtowaitfortheraintostop.5．Whenheated(heat)，icewillbechangedintowater.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Once_seen,_thebeautyofthesceneryherewillleaveadeepimpressiononyou.只要望见，这里的漂亮风景就会给你留下深刻的印象。2．Watched_several_times,_theTVplayisworthwatchingagain.尽管被观看了几遍，这部电视剧值得再看一次。3．Deeply_moved_by_what_he_said,_theyallwereintears.由于被他的话深深打动，他们都泪流满面。4．Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill,_thecitylooksmorebeautiful.从山顶上看，城市显得更漂亮。5．Given_more_attention,_thetreecangrowbetter.假如赐予更多的关注，这棵树会长得更好。6．Theyoungmanwasbusypreparinghispaper,locked_in_his_father's_study_all_