2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures课时作业含解析新人教版必修第一册

PAGEPAGE7课时作业18[基础检测]eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.单词拼法)1．Itisagreathonourformetobeabletoattendthisgathering.2．Pleasegivehimmycongratulations(庆贺)whenyouseehim.3．Youcan'tjudgeabookbyitscover.4．Pleaseacceptmysincerethanksandbestwishes.5．Learningtoexpressoneselfwellisanimportantpartofcommunication.6．Writetheoutline(大纲)ofthearticlebeforeyoustarttowrite.7．Anewspaperheadline(大字标题)caughthisattention.8．Agoodcyclist(骑自行车的人)cancoveradistanceofoverahundredmilesaday.9．Itakeprideinhelpingotherswhentheyareintrouble.10．Thenewspapersentsomereporters(记者)tocovertheeventimmediatelyithappened.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.单句语法填空)1．Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?2．Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.3．Afriendwhohelpsyouintimeofneedisarealfriend.4．Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.5．ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas“ThePrinceandthePauper”byMarkTwin.6．Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathevisited.7．Onewhodoesn'tworkhardwillneversucceedinhiswork.8．He'samanwhoseopinionIrespect.9．You'llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstationwhichyoucanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.10．Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesthatarebuiltclosetoeachother.11．Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudentswhichallowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.12．I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolwhoImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.13．That'sthenewmachinewhosepartsaretoosmalltobeseen.14．Theoldtemplewhoseroofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.15．Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomethingthatwassomeoneelse'sfault.[实力提升]eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.阅读理解)ThequickactionofNickhelpedfivepeopleescapeafireonHopeRoad.Nicksaidheusuallylefthishouseabout5：30amtodomorningexercises，butthatdayhedecidedtostayathometogethisdaughterreadyforschool.Ashelookedathisneighbor'shouse，herealizedthatitwasonfire.“Isawsmokeandflamesandranoverandstartedbeatingonthesideofthehouseshouting，‘Yourhouseisonfire！Yourhouseisonfire！’”Nickremembereditwasatabout9amthatthefirefightersputoutthefire.BeverlyPennyandherhusband，Clark，alongwiththeiryoungerdaughters，weresleepinginthelivingroom，nexttothekitchen，whentheyheardNickbeatingonthewalls.Sheopenedthebedroomdoorandblacksmokecamein.Shemanagedtogetherkidsout.Herdogtriedtohideunderthebed，butPennycaughtitbythelegandthrewitoutofthedoor.However，chickensinoneoftheroomsweren'tsolucky.Firefightersgotthecallatabout7：05am.“Whenwearrivedwithourfiretrucks，therewereheavyflamesoutsideonthehouse，”Jerrysaid.HecalledNickahero，sayingthatwithouthisquickresponses(回应)theresultcouldhavebeenmuchworse.“Thefirefighterswerefast，”Nicksaid.“Theyarrivedherewithinaboutthreeminutes.”“Theydidagreatjob，andIcan'tthankthemenough，”Pennysaid，thenlookedatwhatremainedinthehouseandshookherheadastearsrolleddowninhereyes.“EverythingIhaveisgone.Luckilynobodywashurtinthefire.”Shesaidthefirecouldhavebeencausedbyanelectricalproblem.“We'vebeenhavingproblemswithmice，sothatwecouldhavehadsomethingtodowithit，”sheadded.文章大意：本文讲解并描述了Nick发觉邻居家火情后刚好报警，挽救了邻居一家人性命的感人故事。1．WhatdoyouknowaboutNick?A．Helefthouseat5：30amthatday.B．Hehasasonwhogoestoschool.C．HelivesnexttoBeverlyPenny.D．HehadadayoffonThursday.答案：C解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段Ashelookedathisneighbor'shouse，herealizedthatitwasonfire.可知，Nick和Penny是邻居。故选C。2．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Clarkgothurtinthefire.B．Penny'sdogsavedherkids.C．Penny'sdogwaskilledinthefire.D．Penny'schickenswerekilledinthefire.答案：D解析：推理推断题。依据其次段的However，chickensinoneoftheroomsweren'tsolucky.可推知，她饲养的那些鸡在火灾中丧生了。故选D。3．Whendidthefirebreakout?A．Atabout5：30am. B．Atabout7am.C．Atabout8am. D．Atabout9am.答案：B解析：推理推断题。依据第三段Firefightersgotthecallatabout7：05am(消防员接到报警电话的时间大约是7：05)，可推知，火灾发生的时间大约是7点。故选B。4．Wecaninferthat________.A．JerryisafirefighterB．JerryfoundthefireC．JerrycalledthepoliceD．JerryhelpedNickescapethefire答案：A解析：推理推断题。依据第三段中Firefightersgotthecallatabout7：05am.“Whenwearrivedwithourfiretrucks，therewereheavyflamesoutsideonthehouse，”Jerrysaid.可推知，Jerry是一名消防员。故选A。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.完形填空)Earthquakesareverycommonandthousandsofthemhappennearlyeveryday.Butmostare__1__weaktofeel.Duringa__2__earthquake,thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst.Thentheearth__3__terriblyandmanyhouses__4__down.Railwaytracksbreakandtrainsgo__5__lines;agreatmanyfactoriesare__6__；thousandsofdeathsarecaused,andmanymorelosehomes...__7__thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake__8__，otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften__9__.Morebuildingsaredestroyedandmore__10__arecaused.Itiswellknownofthe__11__ofapossibleearthquake,andforcenturiesmenhavebeenmakingresearchesonearthquakes.Morethan2,000yearsago,__12__，aChinesescientistnamedZhangHeng__13__amachinewhichcouldfindoutfromwhich__14__theseismicwaveshadcome,andthismachineisstill__15__byscientiststoday.Nowweknowmuchmoreaboutearthquakesand__16__theyhappen,butwestillcannot__17__exactlywhenandwhereanearthquakewillhappen,andcannot__18__itfromhappening.Soearthquakesareamongthe__19__disastersintheworld.Noonecanstopnaturalearthquakes.__20__，scientistscanhelpstopearthquakesdestroyingwholecitiesandcausingtoomanydeaths.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明白地震的破坏力以及人们对地震所做的探讨，尤其介绍了张衡及地动仪。没有人能阻挡地震的发生，但科学家们可以在削减地震的破坏性方面有所帮助。1．A.very B．tooC．quite D．so答案：B解析：此处是说有些地震太弱了，以至于人们感觉不到，句中运用的是“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”。2．A.real B．weakC．big D．small答案：C解析：依据其后的“thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst”可推知应选big。3．A.moves B．shakesC．jumps D．breaks答案：B解析：由常识可知，发生地震时地面在晃动(shake)。4．A.get B．putC．set D．fall答案：D解析：地震导致房屋倒塌(falldown)。getdown“下来”；putdown“放下”；setdown“登记，写下”。5．A.off B．onC．into D．behind答案：A解析：由“Railwaytracksbreak”可知铁轨断了，火车脱轨(off)了。6．A.burst B．struckC．destroyed D．buried答案：C解析：工厂被破坏(destroyed)。burst“爆发”，strike“攻击，攻击”，bury“掩埋”，均不符合句意。7．A.Except B．BesidesC．Insteadof D．Becauseof答案：B解析：由第8空后的“otherdisasters”可知“除了”地震造成的损失之外，还有别的灾难，故B项正确。8．A.lonely B．laterC．themselves D．itself答案：D解析：与后面的火灾相对应，强调地震“本身”造成的破坏。9．A.follow B．copyC．come D．enter答案：A解析：此处表示伴随地震而来的灾难，故填follow表示“跟着”。10．A.quakes B．deathsC．difficulties D．results答案：B解析：由于火灾随之而来，在原来地震造成的房屋倒塌和人员死亡的基础上有更多的房屋倒塌和人员死亡。11．A.information B．questionsC．dangers D．frights答案：C解析：由常识可知，地震是很危急的。12．A.asaresult B．infactC．forexample D．aswell答案：C解析：下面是作者的举例，说明人们为预料地震所做的探讨，故选C项。13．A.invented B．discoveredC．found D．bought答案：A解析：invent指独创原来世上不存在的东西或事物，符合句意。discover“发觉”；find“发觉，找到”；buy“买”。14．A.country B．directionC．ways D．city答案：B解析：预料地震波从什么方向传过来。因而选direction(方向)符合句意。15．A.improved B．repairedC．protected D．used答案：D解析：现代的科学家仍旧在“运用”张衡独创的地动仪。由still可知D项正确。16．A.where B．whenC．what D．why答案：D解析：由后面的“whenandwhere”推断，此空应选why。17．A.speak B．tellC．talk D．point答案：B解析：此处tell表示“说明白，讲清晰”。18．A.make B．prepareC．stop D．let答案：C解析：我们已经探讨出为什么会发生地震，但无法预料它什么时间，在哪里发生，也无法阻挡它发生。stop...(from)doing...“阻挡……做……”。19．A.worst B．bestC．most D．fastest答案：A解析：由于无法精确预料地震何时发生，故认为其是最严峻的灾难之一，由此可知应选worst(最坏的)。20．A.However B．ButC．And D．So答案：A解析：前后句存在转折关系，but表示转折时不用逗号与其后内容隔开，故B项解除。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.语法填空)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thepartybeganshortlyafternine.MrWood,wholivedintheflatbelow,sighedtohimselfasheheard__1__(excite)voicesandthenoisymusic.Luckily,hehadbroughtsomeworkhomefromtheoffice,with__2__hekepthimselfbusyforacoupleofhours,thusmanagingtopaynoattention__3__thenoiseoverhead.Butbyeleveno'clockhefelttiredandwasreadytogotobedthoughfromhis__4__(early)experienceheknewitwasnouse__5__(try)togettosleep.Heundressedand__6__(lie)forawhileinbed,tryingtoread,buthefoundhimselfreadingthesamepageoverandoveragain.Hethenturnedoff__7__lightandburiedhisheadinthepillow.Butevensohecouldnotshutoffthenoise.Finally,after__8__seemedhours,hispatiencewasgone.Hejumpedoutofbed,putonsomeclothing,marchedfirmlyupthestairs,andwalkedintohisneighbor'sapartment.Theowneroftheapartmentcameacrosstheroomand，__9__MrWoodcouldsayanything,cried,“Mydearfellow,comeandjoinus.Iknowourpartieswouldtroubleyou.Imeanttosendyouaninvitation.”MrWood'sangerdisappearedthenandthere.Hesaid,“I'dbettergoandgetchanged.”Minuteslater,hereturned，__10__(proper)dressed,onlytofindthatthepartywasnearlyover.文章大意