第11讲定语从句(原卷版+解析)

第11讲定语从句1.掌握定语从句的基本构成及重点用法；2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。定语从句的先行词和关系词在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句由关系词引导。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若省略，主句的内容就不完整或失去意义；它和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。关系词指代先行词，在从句中作一定的句子成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose，as等。关系代词指代在定从中所做成分是否可省略that人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省which物主语；宾语作宾语可省who人主语；宾语作宾语可省whom人宾语可省whose人；物定语不可省as人；物主语；宾语；表语不可省定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语等；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语等。下面，我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布：常见关系代词的基本用法1.that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。2.which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如：Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主语）3.who,whom,whose（1）who:主格,在从句中作主语，只可指人（2）whom:宾格，在从句中只能作宾语；只可指人whose:表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的（4）whose+名词=the+n.+ofwhich(某物的)=he+n.+ofwhom(某人的)注意：=1\*GB3①关系代词作介词宾语(在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后：表人用whom；表物用which)②关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词可放于从句之首，也可放于从句之末。但以放于句首较为正式。（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who和that用作介词宾语时，介词必须放在句末。）只能用that，不能用which的情况（1）先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词或先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰。Allthepeoplethatcomefromthecountryworkmuchharder.所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。（2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、theonly，thevery，thelast等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。如：ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。（3）先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。如：Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。（4）关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时，通常只用that，不用which。如：Heisnolongerthestarthathewas.他不再是过去的那位明星了。Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。（5）句中其他位置已出现which，为避免重复，不用which而用that引导限定性定语从句。如：Whichisthecarthathasovertakenus？超过我们的是哪辆车？1．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—Whatcanwedofortheleft-homechildren________needhelp?—Wecouldhelpthemwiththeirstudyonlineonweekends.A．which B．who C．whom2．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Mrs.WangisanEnglishteacher________makesherclasslively.A．which B．whose C．who3．（2023·福建南平·统考二模）He________hasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.A．who B．whom C．whose4．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考一模）Wecouldn’tbelievethenews________hetoldus.A．that B．what C．who D．whom5．（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）GuoMoruoisafamousChinesewriter________ispopulararoundtheworld.A．which B．whom C．who6．（2023·四川成都·统考二模）Chengduisacity________you’llneverwanttoleaveaslongasyoucome.A．that B．where C．who7．（2023·四川乐山·统考模拟预测）Themeeting________youmissedyesterdaywasveryimportant.A．who B．that C．what8．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Today’sChinaisacountry________keepstothisnationalcharacter.A．what B．who C．that9．（2023·湖南株洲·统考一模）—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthedictionary________youlentmeyesterday.A．who B．what C．that10．（2023·江苏扬州·模拟预测）TheChineseidiomdongrutuotupraisespeople________areactivelikearabbit.A．which B．whom C．who D．whose11．（2023·江苏无锡·校考一模）—Couldyoupleasehaveyourhaircutassoonaspossible?—Why?Ilikemyhairstyle________itisnow.A．since B．as C．unless D．when12．（2023·江苏扬州·统考一模）—HaveyouheardaboutthepandaHuahua________manyvisitorsarequeuingtoseethesedays?—Yes,itlookssocute.A．who B．whose C．that D．what13．（2023·山东滨州·统考一模）Abing’sErquanYingyueisapieceofmusic________hasbecomeoneofChina’snationaltreasures.A．who B．which C．whose D．what14．（2023秋·贵州黔南·九年级统考期末）Iprefermusic________hasgreatlyrics.A．what B．who C．how D．that15．（2023春·贵州铜仁·九年级校考阶段练习）Chinawasthefirstcountry________madepaperintheworld.A．which B．what C．that16．（2023·吉林长春·校考一模）—Whyareyousoexcited?—Wearetalkingaboutthepianist________isveryfamousintheworld.A．when B．which C．who D．whose17．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考一模）Isthisthefactory________yourfatherwork?A．what B．where C．which D．theone18．（2023春·河北石家庄·九年级石家庄市第四十二中学校考阶段练习）—Tim,whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?—Iwanttobeapoliceman________canhelppeopleinneed.A．what B．where C．who D．when19．（2023春·全国·九年级专题练习）MaYun________isoneoftherichestpersonsinChinafoundedAlibabain1999.A．whom B．who C．whose D．which20．（2023·安徽滁州·校联考一模）Isthisstadium________someAmericanfriendsvisitedlastweekend?A．that B．where C．inwhich D．theone21．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级华南师大附中校考期末）Thereisadoctoratthefrontdesk________wouldliketotalkwithyou.A．which B．that C．whom D．/22．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级华南师大附中校考期末）WhenRobinsonCrusoegottotheisland,thefirstthing________hedidwastolookforsomefood.A．which B．who C．what D．that23．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级广州市第六十五中学校考阶段练习）InjunJoekilledthedoctorwithaknife,________wasputinMuff’shand.A．/ B．which C．who D．what24．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级广州市第六十五中学校考阶段练习）Heistheonlystudent________hasbeentothatplace.A．/ B．what C．which D．that25．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）Itwasthetraining________hehadasayoungman________madehimsuchagoodengineer.A．what;that B．that;what C．that;which D．which;that26．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）IreallyenjoyedmystayinXi’an,________isindeedworth________secondvisit.A．which;a B．which;the C．that;the D．that;a27．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）FacebookbossMarkZuckerbergannouncedhisplantobuildanonlineworld________peoplecangame,workandcommunicate.A．that B．which C．what D．where28．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）Manyyoungpeople,mostof________werewell-educated,headedforremoteregions________theirdreams.A．them,chasing B．whom;tochase C．who;chased D．whoever;chase29．（2022·九年级单元测试）—Lily,whatkindofmuseumsdoyoulike?—Ilikemuseums________canprovidevisitorswithfreeWi-Fi.A．what B．that C．who D．whose30．（2022·九年级单元测试）Indifficulttimes,therearealwaysnationalheroes________stepupandbringpeoplehope.A．whom B．which C．who D．when31．（2022·九年级单元测试）Mostofmyclassmatespreferloudmusic________theycandanceto.

A．that B．whom C．who D．where32．（2022春·四川成都·九年级四川省成都市七中育才学校校考开学考试）LangPingisagreatcoach________hasbecomepopularwithmanypeopleintheworld.A．who B．whom C．which33．（2022春·四川成都·九年级树德中学校考开学考试）HaveyouwatchedthefilmHi,Mom!________hasmovedmillionsofmovie-goers?A．who B．whose C．which34．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）—Frank,lookatthetallbuilding________theworkersarecleaning.—It’sanewlyopenedshoppingmall.A．who B．that C．what35．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）Ilikethecutestsofttoys________myfatherboughtformelastweek.A．that B．which C．who36．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考三模）It’stimetosaygoodbyetoyourmiddleschoollife.Remembertosaythankstothose________haveworkedsohardforyouinthepastfouryears.A．which B．who C．what37．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）Toenteragoodhighschool,weshouldn’tonlystudythesubjectsin________weareinterested.A．that B．who C．which38．（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）Itwasthestrangeman_______helpedmerepairmybike.Ithankedhimverymuch.A．who B．which C．what D．when39．（2022·甘肃武威·校考一模）Thegirl________wonthegoldmedalcomesfromBeijingSunshineSecondarySchool.A．who B．which C．what D．whom40．（2022·甘肃定西·统考一模）Thetallman________wearsanewcoatisournewEnglishteacher.A．who B．whose C．what D．which41．（2022·甘肃金昌·校考一模）Doyouknowtheboy________isoverthere?A．who B．which C．what D．whose42．（2022·新疆伊犁·校考一模）—Howdoyoulikethemovietonight,Tony?—Itisthemostinterestingmovie________Ihaveeverseen.A．when B．that C．what D．who43．（2022·广西贵港·统考三模）—Doyouknowthewoman________wearsablueskirt?—Oh,sheismyaunt.A．which B．what C．who D．whom44．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考三模）—Doyouliketheweeklytalkshow,TheReader,onTV?—Sure.It’sagreatTVprogramme__________bringsthehabitofreadingbackintothepublic.A．what B．that C．who D．whom45．（2022·广西钦州·统考二模）Thisisthenewcar________mysisterboughtyesterday.A．who B．what C．which46．（2022·吉林长春·吉林省第二实验学校校考模拟预测）Iwillneverforgetthesmalltownandthepeoplethere________leftmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinmyheart.A．who B．which C．whose D．that47．（2022·吉林长春·校考模拟预测）Wehavebeeninspiredbyaspeech________wasgivenbyIvy!Nowwearefullofhopeandpassion.A．who B．where C．it D．which48．（2022·吉林长春·东北师大附中校考一模）TheWWFisanorganization________savestheanimalsindanger.A．where B．what C．that D．who49．（2022·广西南宁·统考二模）—Doyoulikethesong“TogethertotheFuture”.—Yes,Ilikethesong_______Icansingalongwith.A．when B．who C．that D．what50．（2022·吉林长春·东北师大附中校考模拟预测）WelookuptothegreatscientistcalledYuanLongping________wasaheroinourheartsforever.A．which B．who C．whose D．Whom

第11讲定语从句1.掌握定语从句的基本构成及重点用法；2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。定语从句的先行词和关系词在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句由关系词引导。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若省略，主句的内容就不完整或失去意义；它和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。关系词指代先行词，在从句中作一定的句子成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose，as等。关系代词指代在定从中所做成分是否可省略that人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省which物主语；宾语作宾语可省who人主语；宾语作宾语可省whom人宾语可省whose人；物定语不可省as人；物主语；宾语；表语不可省定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语等；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语等。下面，我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布：常见关系代词的基本用法1.that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。2.which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如：Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主语）3.who,whom,whose（1）who:主格,在从句中作主语，只可指人（2）whom:宾格，在从句中只能作宾语；只可指人whose:表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的（4）whose+名词=the+n.+ofwhich(某物的)=he+n.+ofwhom(某人的)注意：=1\*GB3①关系代词作介词宾语(在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后：表人用whom；表物用which)②关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时，介词可放于从句之首，也可放于从句之末。但以放于句首较为正式。（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who和that用作介词宾语时，介词必须放在句末。）只能用that，不能用which的情况（1）先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词或先行词被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰。Allthepeoplethatcomefromthecountryworkmuchharder.所有来自农村的人工作都更努力得多。（2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、theonly，thevery，thelast等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。如：ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。（3）先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。如：Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。（4）关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时，通常只用that，不用which。如：Heisnolongerthestarthathewas.他不再是过去的那位明星了。Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。（5）句中其他位置已出现which，为避免重复，不用which而用that引导限定性定语从句。如：Whichisthecarthathasovertakenus？超过我们的是哪辆车？1．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—Whatcanwedofortheleft-homechildren________needhelp?—Wecouldhelpthemwiththeirstudyonlineonweekends.A．which B．who C．whom2．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Mrs.WangisanEnglishteacher________makesherclasslively.A．which B．whose C．who3．（2023·福建南平·统考二模）He________hasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.A．who B．whom C．whose4．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考一模）Wecouldn’tbelievethenews________hetoldus.A．that B．what C．who D．whom5．（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）GuoMoruoisafamousChinesewriter________ispopulararoundtheworld.A．which B．whom C．who6．（2023·四川成都·统考二模）Chengduisacity________you’llneverwanttoleaveaslongasyoucome.A．that B．where C．who7．（2023·四川乐山·统考模拟预测）Themeeting________youmissedyesterdaywasveryimportant.A．who B．that C．what8．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Today’sChinaisacountry________keepstothisnationalcharacter.A．what B．who C．that9．（2023·湖南株洲·统考一模）—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthedictionary________youlentmeyesterday.A．who B．what C．that10．（2023·江苏扬州·模拟预测）TheChineseidiomdongrutuotupraisespeople________areactivelikearabbit.A．which B．whom C．who D．whose11．（2023·江苏无锡·校考一模）—Couldyoupleasehaveyourhaircutassoonaspossible?—Why?Ilikemyhairstyle________itisnow.A．since B．as C．unless D．when12．（2023·江苏扬州·统考一模）—HaveyouheardaboutthepandaHuahua________manyvisitorsarequeuingtoseethesedays?—Yes,itlookssocute.A．who B．whose C．that D．what13．（2023·山东滨州·统考一模）Abing’sErquanYingyueisapieceofmusic________hasbecomeoneofChina’snationaltreasures.A．who B．which C．whose D．what14．（2023秋·贵州黔南·九年级统考期末）Iprefermusic________hasgreatlyrics.A．what B．who C．how D．that15．（2023春·贵州铜仁·九年级校考阶段练习）Chinawasthefirstcountry________madepaperintheworld.A．which B．what C．that16．（2023·吉林长春·校考一模）—Whyareyousoexcited?—Wearetalkingaboutthepianist________isveryfamousintheworld.A．when B．which C．who D．whose17．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考一模）Isthisthefactory________yourfatherwork?A．what B．where C．which D．theone18．（2023春·河北石家庄·九年级石家庄市第四十二中学校考阶段练习）—Tim,whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?—Iwanttobeapoliceman________canhelppeopleinneed.A．what B．where C．who D．when19．（2023春·全国·九年级专题练习）MaYun________isoneoftherichestpersonsinChinafoundedAlibabain1999.A．whom B．who C．whose D．which20．（2023·安徽滁州·校联考一模）Isthisstadium________someAmericanfriendsvisitedlastweekend?A．that B．where C．inwhich D．theone21．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级华南师大附中校考期末）Thereisadoctoratthefrontdesk________wouldliketotalkwithyou.A．which B．that C．whom D．/22．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级华南师大附中校考期末）WhenRobinsonCrusoegottotheisland,thefirstthing________hedidwastolookforsomefood.A．which B．who C．what D．that23．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级广州市第六十五中学校考阶段练习）InjunJoekilledthedoctorwithaknife,________wasputinMuff’shand.A．/ B．which C．who D．what24．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级广州市第六十五中学校考阶段练习）Heistheonlystudent________hasbeentothatplace.A．/ B．what C．which D．that25．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）Itwasthetraining________hehadasayoungman________madehimsuchagoodengineer.A．what;that B．that;what C．that;which D．which;that26．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）IreallyenjoyedmystayinXi’an,________isindeedworth________secondvisit.A．which;a B．which;the C．that;the D．that;a27．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）FacebookbossMarkZuckerbergannouncedhisplantobuildanonlineworld________peoplecangame,workandcommunicate.A．that B．which C．what D．where28．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）Manyyoungpeople,mostof________werewell-educated,headedforremoteregions________theirdreams.A．them,chasing B．whom;tochase C．who;chased D．whoever;chase29．（2022·九年级单元测试）—Lily,whatkindofmuseumsdoyoulike?—Ilikemuseums________canprovidevisitorswithfreeWi-Fi.A．what B．that C．who D．whose30．（2022·九年级单元测试）Indifficulttimes,therearealwaysnationalheroes________stepupandbringpeoplehope.A．whom B．which C．who D．when31．（2022·九年级单元测试）Mostofmyclassmatespreferloudmusic________theycandanceto.

A．that B．whom C．who D．where32．（2022春·四川成都·九年级四川省成都市七中育才学校校考开学考试）LangPingisagreatcoach________hasbecomepopularwithmanypeopleintheworld.A．who B．whom C．which33．（2022春·四川成都·九年级树德中学校考开学考试）HaveyouwatchedthefilmHi,Mom!________hasmovedmillionsofmovie-goers?A．who B．whose C．which34．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）—Frank,lookatthetallbuilding________theworkersarecleaning.—It’sanewlyopenedshoppingmall.A．who B．that C．what35．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考模拟预测）Ilikethecutestsofttoys________myfatherboughtformelastweek.A．that B．which C．who36．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考三模）It’stimetosaygoodbyetoyourmiddleschoollife.Remembertosaythankstothose________haveworkedsohardforyouinthepastfouryears.A．which B．who C．what37．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）Toenteragoodhighschool,weshouldn’tonlystudythesubjectsin________weareinterested.A．that B．who C．which38．（2022·甘肃定西·统考模拟预测）Itwasthestrangeman_______helpedmerepairmybike.Ithankedhimverymuch.A．who B．which C．what D．when39．（2022·甘肃武威·校考一模）Thegirl________wonthegoldmedalcomesfromBeijingSunshineSecondarySchool.A．who B．which C．what D．whom40．（2022·甘肃定西·统考一模）Thetallman________wearsanewcoatisournewEnglishteacher.A．who B．whose C．what D．which41．（2022·甘肃金昌·校考一模）Doyouknowtheboy________isoverthere?A．who B．which C．what D．whose42．（2022·新疆伊犁·校考一模）—Howdoyoulikethemovietonight,Tony?—Itisthemostinterestingmovie________Ihaveeverseen.A．when B．that C．what D．who43．（2022·广西贵港·统考三模）—Doyouknowthewoman________wearsablueskirt?—Oh,sheismyaunt.A．which B．what C．who D．whom44．（2022·贵州铜仁·统考三模）—Doyouliketheweeklytalkshow,TheReader,onTV?—Sure.It’sagreatTVprogramme__________bringsthehabitofreadingbackintothepublic.A．what B．that C．who D．whom45．（2022·广西钦州·统考二模）Thisisthenewcar________mysisterboughtyesterday.A．who B．what C．which46．（2022·吉林长春·吉林省第二实验学校校考模拟预测）Iwillneverforgetthesmalltownandthepeoplethere________leftmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinmyheart.A．who B．which C．whose D．that47．（2022·吉林长春·校考模拟预测）Wehavebeeninspiredbyaspeech________wasgivenbyIvy!Nowwearefullofhopeandpassion.A．who B．where C．it D．which48．（2022·吉林长春·东北师大附中校考一模）TheWWFisanorganization________savestheanimalsindanger.A．where B．what C．that D．who49．（2022·广西南宁·统考二模）—Doyoulikethesong“TogethertotheFuture”.—Yes,Ilikethesong_______Icansingalongwith.A．when B．who C．that D．what50．（2022·吉林长春·东北师大附中校考模拟预测）WelookuptothegreatscientistcalledYuanLongping________wasaheroinourheartsforever.A．which B．who C．whose D．Whom参考答案：1．B【详解】句意：——我们能为需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么？——我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习。考查定语从句。which先行词指物；who先行词指人，在从句中作主语；whom先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。本句先行词是theleft-homechildren，指人，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。2．C【详解】句意：王老师是一位英语老师，她使她的课堂生动活泼。考查定语从句。句子含定语从句，先行词是teacher，指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故选C。3．A【详解】句意：不到长城非好汉。考查定语从句。who谁；whom谁（宾格）；whose谁的。此处先行词“He”是人，关系词在从句中作主语，指代“He”，应用who。故选A。4．A【详解】句意：我们简直不敢相信他告诉我们的消息。考查定语从句。根据题干可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词为news，指物，空处是作told的宾语，应用that或which引导定语从句，故选A。5．C【详解】句意：郭沫若是一位著名的中国作家，在世界各地都很受欢迎。考查定语从句。which指物，从句作主语，宾语；whom指人，从句作宾语；who指人，从句中作主语，宾语。根据语义及句子结构可知，前后为两个句子，且空后句子为定语从句，修饰先行词writer“作家”，指人，且在定语从句中充当主语，用关系词who。故选C。6．A【详解】句意：成都是一个你来了就不想离开的城市。考查定语从句。that先行词指物或人；where哪里；who谁。分析句子结构，此处是定语从句，先行词city在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句，故选A。7．B【详解】句意：你昨天错过的会议非常重要。考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知，句子为定语从句，设空处在从句中作missed的宾语，先行词是meeting，指物用that或which。故选B。8．C【详解】句意：今天的中国是一个保持这种民族性的国家。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“acountry”，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。9．C【详解】句意：——你在寻找什么？——我在寻找你昨天借给我的词典。考查定语从句。who谁，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不引导定语从句；that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据“I’mlookingforthedictionary...youlentmeyesterday.”可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为thedictionary，指物，关系代词用that引导。故选C。10．C【详解】句意：中国成语“动如脱兔”称赞像兔子一样活跃的人。考查定语从句。which指代的先行词为物，在句中作主语或宾语；whom指代的先行词为人，在句中作宾语；who指代的先行词为人，在句中作主语；whose表示“那个(那些)人的、它（它们)的”，指代的先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语，修饰名词。句中先行词“people”指人，且关系代词应在从句中作主语，用who，故选C。11．B【详解】句意：——你能尽快理发吗？——为什么？我喜欢我现在的发型。考查定语从句。since自从；as如，似，正像；unless除非；when当……时。分析句子结构可知，“…itisnow”是定语从句修饰“myhairstyle”作定语，进一步说明我的头发，即现在的发型，因此as引导定语从句，故选B。12．C【详解】句意：——你听说过这些天很多游客排队看的熊猫花花吗？——是的，它看起来很可爱。考查定语从句。who谁；whose谁的；that那个；what什么。根据“HaveyouheardaboutthepandaHuahua...manyvisitorsarequeuingtoseethesedays?”可知，“...manyvisitorsarequeuingtoseethesedays”是定语从句，先行词是thepandaHuahua，并非人类，所以从句的引导词可用that/which。故选C。13．B【详解】句意：阿炳的《二泉映月》是一首已成为中国国宝之一的音乐。考查定语从句。who谁；which哪个；whose谁的；what什么。分析句子结构可知，此句是一个定语从句；根据“hasbecomeoneofChina’snationaltreasures”可知，从句缺少主语，先行词是music，which作从句主语。故选B。14．D【详解】句意：我更喜欢有美妙的歌词的音乐。考查定语从句。先行词为music“音乐”，指物，关系词用that，且在从句中作主语不能省。故选D。15．C【详解】句意：中国是世界上第一个制造纸张的国家。考查定语从句。which先行词指物；what不引导定语从句；that先行词指人或物。本句先行词country指物，且其前有序数词修饰，应用that引导定语从句。故选C。16．C【详解】句意：——你为什么这么激动？——我们正在谈论在世界上非常著名的那位钢琴家。考查定语从句关系词。此处是定语从句，先行词“thepianist”是人，且在从句中作主语，用that/who引导定语从句。故选C。17．B【详解】句意：这是你父亲工作的工厂吗？考查定语从句。本句是定语从句，先行词是thefactory，从句成分完整，先行词在句中作地点状语，所以关系副词用where。故选B。18．C【详解】句意：——蒂姆，你长大后想成为什么样的人？——我想成为一名能够帮助有需要的人的警察。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是人policeman，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。19．B【详解】句意：马云是中国最富有的人之一，他于1999年创立了阿里巴巴。考查关系代词辨析。whom谁，指代人，作宾语；who谁，指代人，作主语/宾语；whose谁的，指代人，作定语；which哪一个，指代事物，作主语/宾语。根据语境可知，定语从句先行词为MaYun，关系代词指代人，在句中作主语，who指代人，作主语。故选B。20．D【详解】句意：这个体育场就是上周末一些美国朋友参观的那个吗？考查定语从句引导词。that先行词为物或人，可作主语或宾语；where先行词为地点，且作状语；inwhich在定语从句中一般相当于when和where；theone表人或物，本身不可引导定语从句。题干主语是thisstadium，句子缺少表语成分，所以此处应用theone，此时定语从句的先行词为theone（代替stadium），关系代词应用that引导，且因that在定语从句中作visited的宾语，可以省略，所以theone符合语境及语法结构。故选D。21．B【详解】句意：前台有一位医生想和您谈谈。考查定语从句关系词。根据“adoctoratthefrontdesk...wouldliketotalkwithyou”可知此处是定语从句，先行词adoctor指人，且在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。22．D【详解】句意：当鲁滨逊·克鲁索到达这个岛时，他做的第一件事是寻找食物。考查定语从句。which关系代词，指物；who关系代词，指人；what疑问代词，不能引导定语从句；that关系代词，指人，也可指物；分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句。先行词为thing，指物，关系代词应用that或which，此处先行词thing被序数词修饰，故只能用that引导定语从句。故选D。23．B【详解】句意：印江乔用放在穆夫手里的刀杀死了医生。考查定语从句连接词辨析。根据“aknife”可知，先行词是物，关系词在从句中作主语，引导非限制性定语从句应用which引导。故选B。24．D【详解】句意：他是唯一去过那个地方的学生。考查定语从句。空后是一个定语从句，修饰先行词student，指人，且空处在从句中作主语，应用that引导，故选D。25．D【详解】句意：正是他年轻时所受的训练使他成为一名如此优秀的工程师。考查强调句和定语从句。根据“Itwasthetraining...hehad”可知，此处是定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，用which/that引导定语从句，排除A；根据“Itwasthetraining...hehadasayoungman...madehimsuchagoodengineer.”可知第二处是强调句的固定句型：Itwas+被强调部分+that+其他成分，第二空填that，故选D。26．A【详解】句意：我在西安的停留非常愉快，这座城市确实值得再访。考查定语从句和冠词的用法。a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指；the这个，定冠词，表示特指。根据“…isindeedworth…secondvisit.”可知，去掉此句不影响整体意思的表达，为非限制性定语从句，第一空应填入一个关系代词作为在定语从句中做主语，指代先行词“Xi’an”，因此应填which；第二空应填入一个不定冠词a，构成“a+序数词”，表示“再一次”。故选A。27．D【详解】句意：Facebook老板马克·扎克伯格宣布了他的计划，要打造一个人们可以玩游戏、工作和交流的网络世界。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词world在从句中作地点状语，用关系词where引导定语从句，故选D。28．B【详解】句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐梦想。考查定语从句和动词不定式。“mostof...werewell-educated”是定语从句，先行词指人，且作of的宾语，应用whom引导；第二空应填动词不定式表目的。故选B。29．B【详解】句意：——Lily，你喜欢什么样的博物馆？——我喜欢为游客提供免费Wi-Fi的博物馆。考查定语从句中的关系词。what不引导定语从句；that那个；who谁；whose谁的。分析句子结构可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是museum，为物，且关系词在从句中作主语，用that作关系代词。故选B。30．C【详解】句意：在困难时期，总是有国家英雄们走出来带给人们希望。考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是heroes，指人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故所缺的词是who。故选C。31．A【详解】句意：我的大多数同学更喜欢可以跟着跳舞的响亮的音乐。考查定语从句。that关系代词，指代物；whom关系代词，指代人；who关系代词，指代人；where关系副词，指代地点。loudmusic为表示物的名词，因此其后的关系代词应用that，在定语从句中充当宾语。故选A。32．A【详解】句意：郎平是一位伟大的教练，受到世界上许多人的欢迎。考查定语从句。分析题干可知，先行词是人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who，故选A。33．C【详解】句意：你看过《你好，李焕英！》，这部感动数百万电影观众的电影吗？考查定语从句的引导词。who谁，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose谁的，指人，在定语从句中作定语；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据“HaveyouwatchedthefilmHi,Mom!...hasmovedmillionsofmovie-goers”可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为thefilmHi,Mom!指物，且在从句中作主语，用which引导。故选C。34．B【详解】句意：——弗兰克，看那座工人们正在打扫的高楼。——那是一个刚开业的购物商业区。考查定语从句引导词。分析句子可知空后面是定语从句，先行词“building”，先