2022年北京市大兴初三（上）期中英语试卷及答案

第1页/共1页2022北京大兴初三（上）期中英语一、单项填空（每小题0.5分，共6分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．Asagoodteacher，Mrs.Greenisalwayshappytoanswer_______questions.（）A．we B．us C．our D．ours2．Chinesepeoplealwaysadmirethefullmoon_____theMid﹣Autumnnight.（）A．at B．in C．on D．for3．—_______youlookupthenewwordsinadictionary？—Yes，ofcourse.It'saneasywaytoknowthemeaningsofthem.（）A．May B．Need C．Can D．Must4．Amyusedtobereallyshort，butshelooksmuch_______thanbefore.（）A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest5．—_______doyouimproveyourpronunciation，Jane？—Bylisteningtoatapeandrepeatingoutaloud.（）A．How B．What C．Why D．When6．Jackwenttoaninternationalkitefestivalandhe_______manydifferentkindsofkitesthere.（）A．willsee B．sees C．hasseen D．saw7．—Whereisyourlittlebrother，Larry？—Look!He_______upfortheHalloweenthere.（）A．dresses B．willdress C．dressed D．isdressing8．Ifhekeepsabsentfromclass，he_____theexaminationsthisterm.（）A．willfail B．failed C．isfailing D．hasfailed9．AliceandJudycameintotheconcertwhilethemusician_______thepianoonthestage.（）A．played B．wasplaying C．willplay D．hasplayed10．Theteenagers_______alotofsocialworksincetheybecamevolunteerstwoyearsago.（）A．willdo B．did C．aredoing D．havedone11．Onourfarm，thetealeaves________byhandwhentheyareready.（）A．pick B．picked C．arepicked D．werepicked12．—Doyouknow_______everyday，Susan？—Yes.At7：00p.m.（）A．whythebookstorecloses B．whendoesthebookstoreclose C．whenthebookstorecloses D．whydoesthebookstoreclose二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。13．（8分）NeverGiveUpMyfootstilldidn'theal（愈合）fromanearlierinjury（伤）beforeourschoolsportsmeeting.Ieven（1）whetherIshouldtakepartinthemeeting.ButfinallyIwasstandingatthestartingline，readyforthe3000﹣meterrun."Ready…set…"thegunpopped（砰）andweallrushedoff.Afewminuteslater，whenIsawtheother（2）runningahead（在前面）ofme，Ifeltveryashamed（惭愧）asIfellfartherandfartherbehind."Hooray!"shoutedthecrowd.ItwastheloudestcheerIheardintherace.Thefirst﹣placerunnerwastwolaps（圈）aheadofmewhenshe（3）thefinishingline."MaybeIshoulddropout."IthoughtasImovedonalongthetrack.However，Imadeupmymindtokeeprunning.Forthelasttwolapsintherace，Iranin（4）anddecidednottotakepartintheracenextyear."Itwon'tbeworth（值得的）evenifmyfoothashealed."Ithought.WhenIgottothefinishingline，Iheardanothercheer，（5）thantheoneIheardearlier.Iturnedaroundandsawtheboyspreparingfortheirrace.Ithoughttheymustbecheeringfortheboys.Iwasleaving（6）whenseveralgirlscameuptome."Wow，you'vegotcourage（勇气）!"oneofthemtoldme."Courage？I'vejustlosttherace!"Ithought."Allofuswere（7）foryou.Didyouhearus？"saidonegirl.Afterhearingthesewords，Isuddenlyregained（重新获得）hope.Irealizedstrengthandcourageweren'talwaysmeasured（衡量）inmedalsandvictories，butinthedifficultieswe（8）.Thestrongestpeoplewerenotalwaysthepeoplewhowon，butthepeoplewhodidn'tgiveupwhentheyfailed.（1）A.regrettedB.wonderedC.doubtedD.decided（2）A.teachersB.girlsC.boysD.guards（3）A.jumpedB.pulledC.leftD.crossed（4）A.fearB.orderC.painD.surprise（5）A.louderB.shorterC.lowerD.higher（6）A.silentlyB.proudlyC.safelyD.nervously（7）A.waitingB.cheeringC.lookingD.preparing（8）A.expectedB.noticedC.avoidedD.challenged三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。14．（6分）AdvicefromLiuYang'sPalsHi，mynameisLiuYangfromChina.IhavetroubleinlearningEnglish.IneedtoimprovemyEnglishlearning.Couldyoupleasegivemesomeadvice？Thankyou.Hello，I'mfromAustralia.Iknowjusthowyou'refeelingnow.Whydon'tyoujoinanEnglish﹣speakingclub？Youcanhaveconversationswithyourfriendsaboutyourlife.It'sagoodwaytoimproveyourspeakingandenjoyyourself!JuneHi，there!I'mfromChina，too.Whileyouarelisteningtothetapeortakingalisteningtest，youcancatchsomekeywordsandwritethemdown.You'dbetterwatchEnglishprogramsonTVinyourfreetime.Don'tworryifyoudon'tunderstand，justgetthekeywordsandguesswhattheyaresaying.FredHello，I'mfromtheUSA.Ithinkit'sagoodwaytoreadEnglishnewspapers.Youcanlookupthenewwordsinadictionaryandmakewordcards，thenlookforwaystoreviewwhatyouhavelearned.You'llquicklybuildupyourvocabularyandimproveyourreadingskillsthisway.EmmaHi，I'mfromtheUK.Howaboutgettingapenpal？I'llbehappytobeyours.Wecanwritee﹣mailsinEnglishandsendmessagestoeachother.Don'tbeshyifyouhaveanyquestionstoask!Youcandobetterinwriting!Sam（1）到（3）信息匹配题，把提建议者与提出的相应建议进行匹配。LiuYang'sPals（1）June（2）Fred（3）SamAdviceA.ListentothetapeandwatchEnglishprograms.B.ReadEnglishnewspapersandmakewordcards.C.Writee﹣mailsandsendmessagesinEnglish.D.JoinanEnglish﹣speakingclubandhaveconversations.15．（6分）LittleInventionsaroundUsAreyousittinginaclassroomrightnow？Lookaround.Whatdoyousee？Youprobablyseepencils，erasers，chalk，andothereverydaynormalthings.Theselittleinventionsthatwenevernoticeareveryimportantpartsofourdailylives.TakePost﹣itnotesforexample.Thosearethelittleyellownotesthataresticky（黏的）ononeside.Youjustwritesomethingononesideofanote，andstickthenotetosomething.That'sveryconvenient，becauseit'snoteasytoloseyournote.YoucanputthenotewhereveryouPost﹣itnoteswant.Besides，thenotesareverycheap.ThemanwhoinventedPost﹣itnoteswasDr.SpencerSilver.Hewastryingtocreateasuperstrongglue.Insteadhecreatedaweakergluebymistake.However，whenhedidthat，hehelpedinventoneoftheworld'smostusefulofficethings.HowaboutVelcro？Velcroisusefulbecauseitcanholdjustaboutanythingtogether.ThescientistwhoinventedVelcrogottheideawhenhewenthiking.Henoticedthatlittleburrswerestickingtohisclothes.Aburrisasmall，roughseedVelcro（籽）thatstickstothings.Thescientistlookedattheburrinhismicroscope.Henoticedthatithadtinyhooks（钩）.Hethoughtthathecouldmakeaclothingmaterialthathadsimilartinyhooks.Hisideaworked，andhecreatedVelcro.Anotherinventionisaluminumfoil（铝箔）.Aluminumisakindofmetal.Aluminumfoilisaverythinsheetofmetal.Apieceofaluminumfoilissimilartoapieceofpaper.Weusealuminumfoiltopackthings，tocookthings，aluminumfoilandtowrap（包裹）food.Therearequiteafewotherthingsthatweuseitfor.Theselittleinventionshavemadelifeeasier.Everytimeyouusesomesmallobjectlikeapenorapaperclip，rememberthatitwasinventedbysomecleverpersonalongtimeago.（1）Fromtheinventionsinthepassage，Velcrocanbeusedfor.A.creatingsuperstrongglueB.wrappingcookedfoodC.postingnotesontheboardD.stickingthingstogether（2）Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftheinventions？A.Theyhavechangedourcookingstyles.B.Theyplayimportantpartsinourlives.C.Theyareallinventedbyaccident.D.Theyaremadeofthesamematerials.（3）Whatcanweknowfromthepassage？A.Aluminumfoilcanalsobeusedtocookthings.B.SpenserSilvercreatedastrongergluebymistake.C.It'snoteasytofindPost﹣itnotesintheclassroom.D.ThescientistgottheideaofVelcrofromazipper.16．（6分）SpreadingHappinessJessicaMartinandAsherahWeissareartteachersinaschool.Theythoughttheirstudentsmighthavethemagicwordsthatcouldbringcalmtopeopleindifficulttimes，sotheycreatedaprojectcalled"PepToc"withtheirstudents.Theprojecthadtwoparts—onewassettingupahotline，andtheotherwasmakingencouragingposters.Thetwoteachershadthesamebasicquestionforallthestudents："Whatcouldyousaytohelporencouragesomeoneelse？"Studentsworkingonthehotlinethoughtofwhattheywouldliketosay.ThenMs.Martinrecordedeachone，anddividedtherecordingsintodifferentpartsofthetelephonehotline.Whenpeoplecallthehotline，theycanhearhappyvoicesofchildrenofdifferentagessharingpositive（积极的）messages.Forexample，pressinglbringsideasforpeoplewhoare"feelingmadornervous".Helpfulsuggestionsinclude："listentomusic"or"goandgetacookie".Pressing2resultsin"wordsofencouragementandlifeadvice".Thisincludesmessageslike："Theworldisabetterplacewithyouinit."and"Youareokay!"Bypressing3，youcanhearagroupofchildrensayingtogether："Youcandoit!Keeptrying，don'tgiveup!"Otherstudentsmadeencouragingpostersandhungthemuparoundthetown.Manypostershadstrips（条）ofpaper.Whenpeoplepassedby，theycouldtearoff（撕掉）thestripsandtakewiththem.Forexample，onepostersaid"Ifyouaremad，thinkofpositivethoughts."andhadstripsremindingpeopleto"Behappy."Ms.Martinthoughttheprojectwouldonlyattractinterestfrompeopleneartheschool.Butinitsfirstsixweeks，thehotlinegot5millioncallsfromaroundtheworld.Ithasbecomeverypopularwithstressedadults，patientsinhospitals，andotherswhojustwanttohearthehappyvoicesofchildren.ForMartinandWeiss，theprojectshowsstudentsthatsmallactscanhaveabiginfluence."Ifyouhaveanidea，justtrytodoitandseewhathappens，"Weisssays.Studentsnowknowthattheyhaveamazingpower.They'realreadythinkingaboutnewmessagestorecordforthePepTocHotline.（1）JessicaMartinandAsherahWeisscreatedtheprojectinorderto.A.encouragetheirstudentstotakepartinartcompetitionsB.asktheirstudentstoworkhardtoachievetheirdreamsC.expecttheirstudentstobringpleasuretopeopleintroubleD.helptheirstudentstogetgoodscoresontheirartexams（2）WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout？A.Whatcouldbereceivedfromtheposters.B.Howtheyworkedontheirhotlineproperly.C.Wherepeoplereadthepostersmoreeasily.D.Whenthehotlinecouldbetelephoned.（3）Whatdoesthewritertellusinthelastparagraph？A.Theprojecthasmadegreatinfluenceonthepeoplearoundtheworld.B.Thepostersdidn'tattractinterestfromthepeopleneartheschool.C.Thehotlinehasn'tbecomepopularwiththepeopleinthetown.D.Thestudentsfeltstressedaboutthedevelopmentoftheirproject.17．（8分）PoliteSpeechDifferentcountriesandcultureshavetheirownrulesofpolitespeech.Whenlearningalanguage，itisimportanttolearnrulesofpolitespeechofthecultureinwhichthatlanguageisspoken.InspokenEnglish，indirectquestionsaregenerallyconsideredmoreformal（正式的）andpolitethandirectquestions.Indirectquestionsarequestionswithextra（额外的）wordsandphrasestomakeyourquestionssofterandlessdemanding（强求的）.Tryusingsomeofthesephrasestocreateindirectquestions，"Doyouknow…"，"Can/Couldyoutellme…".When"Whereisthebusstop？"becomes"Doyouknowwherethebusstopis？"，itsoundsmuchmorepolite.Itissaidthatitiseasytorecognize（辨别）animpolitequestionwhenyou'rethepersonbeingaskedthequestion，butnotsoeasywhenyou'retheoneaskingthequestion.Whatmakesaquestionimpolite？Mostpeoplewouldconsideraquestionimpoliteifit'saskingthemforinformationthattheydon'treallywanttodisclosetoothers.Forexample，inmanycultures，itisnotpolitetoaskquestionsaboutmoney."Howmuchmoneydoyougeteverymonth？"isnotgood.Whenunsure，itisbesttorememberthat，ifyouaremeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime，oryoudon'tknowapersonverywellyet，keeponthetopicslikesports，music，hobbies，orothergeneralones.Avoidtopicswhichcanbemorepersonaltosomeone，suchasmoney，family，age，health，politics，religion（宗教）.IntheEnglishlanguage，"magicwords"areveryimportantinpolitespeech."Please"issometimesreferredtoasthe"magicword".Wheneatingoutinarestaurant，you'dbettersay"Checkthebill，please."insteadof"Bringmethebill，waiter!"Anothermagicword（orphrase）is"thankyou".WhenusingEnglishtoaskforthingsorinformation，itisthereforeimportanttousethemagicwords"please"and"thankyou".Politespeechisalwayswelcomed，sowhynotuseit？Evenifyouhaven'tusedthesepolitewordsandphrasesallyourlife，it'snevertoolatetostart.Practiceholdingpoliteconversationswithfamilyandclosefriendsuntilyou'recomfortable.anditfeelsnatural.Gradually，speakingpolitelywillbecomesecondnature（天性）toyouthoughitmightseemsodifficulttospeakpolitely.Trytospeakpolitelyindifferentsituations.Thiswillhelpyoucommunicatebetterwithotherpeople.（1）Ifwewanttomakeourquestionsmorepolite，weshould.A.speakloudertomakeeveryonehearthequestionsclearlyB.makeagoodchoiceofproperplacestoaskthequestionsC.askquestionsdirectlywithpleasantexpressionsonfacesD.addextrawordstothequestionstomakethemsoundsofter（2）Theword"disclose"inParagraph3probablymeans"".A.lookupB.makeknownC.payattentionD.keepaway（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A.It'snoteasyforthelistenerstofindouttheimpolitequestions.B.Some"magicwords"playanimportantroleinourpolitespeech.C.Personaltopicshavetobetalkedaboutwhenwemeetastranger.D.Itisn'tnecessarytopracticepoliteconversationswithourfamily.（4）What'sthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage？A.Todiscusstheadvantagesofthepolitespeech.B.Toteachustouselanguageindifferentsituations.C.Toencourageustousepolitespeechinourlife.D.Tohelpusdealwiththeshynesswhenwespeak.四、阅读表达阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。18．（10分）TheValueofLaborCanyoucook？Ifso，whatareyourspecialdishes？Formiddleandprimaryschoolstudents，beingabletocookwillbecomeamustinthenearfuture.Theywillalsoneedtolearnhowtoplantvegetables，repairhomeelectricproducts，raiseanimalsathomeaccordingtothenewcurriculumstandard（课程标准）forlabor（劳动）education.Startingfromthisautumnterm，studentsinprimaryandmiddleschoolsneedtotakecoursesonlaborskillsatleastonceaweek.Thelaborcourseshavethreetypesoflabortasks.Thefirsttypeiseverydaychores.Itincludescleaning，organizing，cooking，andusingorrepairinghomeelectricproducts.Thesecondtypeisproductivelabor.Itincludesmakingtraditionalhandicrafts（手工艺），andusingnewtechnologiessuchas3Dprintingandlaser（激光）cutting.Thethirdtypeisservicework.Itincludesvolunteerworkinthecommunities.Thenewcurriculumalsocallsforthebuildofalaborweekeveryschoolyear.Schoolsshouldarrange（安排）aweekofoff﹣campusactivities.Thelaboreducationmustbestrengthened（加强）tohelpstudentsdevelopaninterestinlaborandformastrongsocialresponsibility（责任）.Recently，internetusershavediscussedthechangesonline.Manywelcomesuchcoursesandsayitisnecessarytoteachyoungstudentsbasiclifeskills.Somehaveregrettednotlearningsuchskillsduringtheirownschooldays.LiuFang，amotherof6﹣year﹣oldtwinsinBeijing，isastrongsupporteroflaboreducation.Forthepastyear，shehastrainedherdaughterstodohousechoresandmakesimpledishesforthefamily."Themainideaistoletthemshareresponsibilitiesasfamilymembersandbecomeindependentasearlyastheycan."saidLiu，"Throughdoinghousework，theirhand﹣eyecoordination（协调），timemanagementandorganizationskillscanbetrainedandit'salsogoodtohelpthemrelax.Mytwinshavefunindoingchoresandaremoreindependent."（1）Howoftendothestudentsneedtotakelaborcoursesinaterm？（2）Whatdoesthethirdtypeoflaborcoursesinclude？（3）Whatislaboureducationtryingtohelpstudentsdo？（4）Whatdoyouthinkofhavinglaborcourses？Why？五、文段表达（10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。19．（5分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris对中国传统手工艺术很感兴趣，他给你发来邮件，想请你介绍一种传统手工艺品。请你用英语回复一封邮件，描述你最喜欢的艺术形式及与其相关的文化习俗，如剪纸（papercutting）、泥塑（clayart）、孔明灯（skylantern）等。提示词语：bemadeof，design，shape，symbol，wish提示问题：●WhatisyourfavoritetraditionalChineseartform？●Howaretheartworksusuallymade？●Whatdoyouknowaboutitscultureandcustom？DearChris，I'mgladtoknowthatyou'reinterestedintraditionalChineseartforms.________________________________________Ihopetheaboveishelpful.Pleasefeelfreetoaskformoreinformation.Yours，LiHua20．（5分）某英文网站正在开展以"自主学习（autonomouslearning）"为主题的征文活动，假定你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在自主学习方面有哪些具体做法，取得了什么效果。提示词语：plan，prepare，review，read，progress提示问题：●Howdoyoulearnbyautonomouslearning？●Whathaveyouachieved？It'sveryimportantforustolearnbyautonomouslearninginourlife.______________________________

参考答案一、单项填空（每小题0.5分，共6分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．【分析】作为一名好老师。格林夫人总是乐于回答我们的问题。【解答】we我们，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据题干可知，设空处修饰后面的名词复数questions，因此应用形容词性物主代词。故选：C。【点评】掌握形容词性物主代词的用法和含义是解答本题的关键。2．【分析】中国人总是在中秋之夜欣赏满月。【解答】at后接具体时刻；in后跟年份、月份、季节等；on后接具体到某一天的时间或具体某一天的早晨、下午和晚上；for用于一段时间，表示的是时间的长短，常用于完成时，和持续性动词连用。根据theMid﹣Autumnnight，指的是具体的某一天的晚上，因此用介词on。故选：C。【点评】本题考查时间介词辨析，基础题，熟悉选项的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择。3．【分析】—你能在字典里查生词吗？—是的，当然。这是知道它们的意思的一个简单的方法。【解答】A可以，B需要，C能，D必须，根据语境：—你﹣﹣﹣﹣在字典里查生词吗？—是的，当然。这是知道它们的意思的一个简单的方法。可推知划线部分意为"能"。故选：C。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对情态动词的掌握。4．【分析】艾米过去很矮，但她看起来比以前高多了。【解答】根据句意：艾米过去很矮，但她看起来比以前高多了。than是比较级的标准，故用形容词比较级。故选：B。【点评】熟悉形容词比较级的用法，结合题意，给出答案。5．【分析】——你如何提高你的发音的，简？——通过听磁带然后大声重复。【解答】how如何；what什么；why为什么；when什么时候。根据答语"通过听磁带然后大声重复"可知，要问"你如何提高你的发音的"，要填"如何"，其它选项语意不通。故选：A。【点评】考查疑问副词。要根据疑问副词的含义和用法，进行比较，找出正确答案。6．【分析】杰克去参加了一个国际风筝节，他在那里看到了许多不同种类的风筝。【解答】根据句意和前句Jackwenttoaninternationalkitefestival是一般过去时可知，后句也是一般过去时。故选：D。【点评】对时态的考查，要求牢记各种时态的构成形式，结合时间状语和上下文的关系，找出正确答案。7．【分析】﹣你的小弟弟在哪里，拉里？﹣看!他正在那里为万圣节打扮。【解答】根据句意：﹣你的小弟弟在哪里，拉里？﹣看!他正在那里为万圣节打扮。由Look!可知时态是现在进行时be+doing。故选：D。【点评】熟悉现在进行时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。8．【分析】如果他一直缺课，他这学期的考试就会不及格。【解答】根据句意：如果他一直缺课，他这学期的考试就会不及格。可知if引导条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语用will+动词原形。故选：A。【点评】熟悉一般将来时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。9．【分析】当音乐家在舞台上弹钢琴时，爱丽丝和朱迪走进了音乐会。【解答】句意：当音乐家在舞台上弹钢琴时，爱丽丝和朱迪走进了音乐会。根据句意和关键词"while（当...时候）"，还有前面的句中的时态时一般过去时，从句的时态应该是过去进行时。故选：B。【点评】读懂题意，根据上下文来判断所填部分的动词形式。10．【分析】自从两年前成为志愿者以来，这些青少年做了很多社会工作。【解答】句意：自从两年前成为志愿者以来，这些青少年做了很多社会工作。根据句中的"since（自从，后跟过去时，主句用于现在完成时）"，所以空白处填"havedone"。故选：D。【点评】本题考查带有连词"since"的现在完成时知识点。11．【分析】在我们的农场，茶叶成熟时都是手工采摘的。【解答】根据题干，可知主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，接are+过去分词。故选：C。【点评】熟悉一般现在时被动语态的用法，结合题意，给出答案。12．【分析】苏珊，你知道书店每天什么时候关门吗？﹣是的。晚上7点。【解答】句意：苏珊，你知道书店每天什么时候关门吗？﹣是的。晚上7点。根据题干和时间状语，从句应当是一般现在时态，空白处应填"closes"，选项A.whythebookstorecloses（书店为什么关门）意思不符合题意，选项：B和D都不是陈述语序，不对，选项C是陈述语序。故选：C。【点评】宾语从句必须是陈述语序。二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。13．【分析】本文讲述了作者带伤参加运动会的3000米跑步，虽然输了比赛，但却得到了其它人的喝彩与尊重。【解答】（1）动词辨析。A.后悔；B疑惑；C.怀疑；D.决定。根据上文Myfootstilldidn'theal（愈合）fromanearlierinjury（伤）beforeourschoolsportsmeeting.（在我们学校运动会之前，我的脚还没有从先前的伤势中恢复过来。）可知，作者应该怀疑自己应不应该参加运动会。故选C。（2）名词辨析。A.教师；B.女孩；C.男孩；D.警卫。根据下文Thefirst﹣placerunnerwastwolaps（圈）aheadofmewhenshe（3）﹣﹣thefinishingline.（第一名选手在到达终点线时领先我两圈。）可知，第一名是女孩，因此应该是其他女孩都跑在作者的前面。故选B。（3）动词辨析。A.跳；B.拉；C.左边；D.穿过。根据句意和语境可知，应该是第一名选手在到穿越终点线时领先作者两圈。故选D。（4）名词辨析。A.恐惧；B.命令；C.痛苦；D.惊讶。根据上文Myfootstilldidn'theal（愈合）fromanearlierinjury（伤）beforeourschoolsportsmeeting.（在我们学校运动会之前，我的脚还没有从先前的伤势中恢复过来。）可知，作者应该忍着疼痛跑步。故选C。（5）形容词辨析。A.更大声的；B.更短的；C.更低的；D.更高的。根据句意和语境可知，作者应该听到了比早些时候还要大声的欢呼声。故选A。（6）副词辨析。A.默默地；B.骄傲地；C.安全地；D.紧张地。根据下文I'vejustlosttherace！（我刚刚输了比赛！）可知，作者应该是要默默地离开。故选A。（7）动词辨析。A.等待；B.欢呼；C.看着；D.准备。根据下文Afterhearingthesewords，Isuddenlyregained（重新获得）hope.（听到这些话后，我突然重新获得了希望。）可知，女孩们应该是为作者欢呼。故选B。（8）动词辨析。A.期待；B.注意；C.避免；D.挑战。根据句意和语境可知，力量和勇气并不总是以奖牌和胜利来衡量，而是以我们挑战的困难来衡量。故选D。【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。14．【分析】短文讲了一些关于学习英语方面的建议。【解答】细节推理题。（1）根据Hello，I'mfromAustralia.Iknowjusthowyou'refeelingnow.Whydon'tyoujoinanEnglish﹣speakingclub？Youcanhaveconversationswithyourfriendsaboutyourlife.It'sagoodwaytoimproveyourspeakingandenjoyyourself!（你好，我来自澳大利亚。我知道你现在的感受。你为什么不加入英语俱乐部呢？你可以和你的朋友谈论你的生活。这是提高口语和享受生活的好方法!）可知说的是口语，结合选项，应说加入一个英语俱乐部并进行对话。故选D。（2）根据Hi，there!I'mfromChina，too.Whileyouarelisteningtothetapeortakingalisteningtest，youcancatchsomekeywordsandwritethemdown.You'dbetterwatchEnglishprogramsonTVinyourfreetime.Don'tworryifyoudon'tunderstand，justgetthekeywordsandguesswhattheyaresaying.（你好，在那里!我也来自中国。当你在听磁带或做听力测试时，你可以抓住一些关键词并把它们写下来。你最好在空闲时间看英语电视节目。如果你听不懂，不要担心，只要找到关键词，猜猜他们在说什么。）可知说的是英语听力，结合选项，应说听磁带，看英语节目。故选A。（3）根据Hi，I'mfromtheUK.Howaboutgettingapenpal？I'llbehappytobeyours.Wecanwritee﹣mailsinEnglishandsendmessagestoeachother.Don'tbeshyifyouhaveanyquestionstoask!Youcandobetterinwriting!（大家好，我来自英国。找个笔友怎么样？我很高兴成为你的。我们可以用英语写电子邮件，互相发送信息。如果你有任何问题要问，不要害羞!你可以在写作上做得更好!）可知说的是写电子邮件，结合选项，应说用英语写电子邮件和发送信息。故选C。【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。15．【分析】材料介绍了生活中一些很有用的小发明。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据原文Velcroisusefulbecauseitcanholdjustaboutanythingtogether.（魔术贴很有用，因为它可以把任何东西粘在一起。）可知可以把东西都拼凑在一起。故答案为：D。（2）细节理解题。根据原文Theselittleinventionshavemadelifeeasier.（这些小发明使生活更容易了。）可知他们在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色，故答案为：B。（3）细节理解题。根据原文Weusealuminumfoiltopackthings，tocookthings，aluminumfoilandtowrap（包裹）food.（我们用铝箔包装东西，做饭，铝箔和包裹食物。）可知铝箔也可以用来做饭。故答案为：A。【点评】做这类题，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项写出正确答案。16．【分析】材料介绍了JessicaMartin和AsherahWeiss是一所学校的美术老师。他们和他们的学生创建了一个名为"PepToc"的项目。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据原文Theythoughttheirstudentsmighthavethemagicwordsthatcouldbringcalmtopeopleindifficulttimes，sotheycreatedaprojectcalled"PepToc"withtheirstudents.（他们认为他们的学生可能有神奇的语言，可以在困难时期给人们带来平静，所以他们和他们的学生创建了一个名为"PepToc"的项目。）可知期望他们的学生能给处于困境中的人们带来快乐。故答案为：C。（2）段落大意题。根据原文Studentsworkingonthehotlinethoughtofwhattheywouldliketosay.ThenMs.Martinrecordedeachone，anddividedtherecordingsintodifferentpartsofthetelephonehotline.Whenpeoplecallthehotline，theycanhearhappyvoicesofchildrenofdifferentagessharingpositive（积极的）messages.（在热线上工作的学生想到了他们想说的话。然后马丁女士把每一个录音都录了下来，并把录音分成了热线电话的不同部分。当人们拨打热线时，他们可以听到不同年龄的孩子们分享积极信息的快乐声音。）可知这段讲述了他们如何正确地运作热线。故答案为：B。（3）细节推理题。根据原文Butinitsfirstsixweeks，thehotlinegot5millioncallsfromaroundtheworld.Ithasbecomeverypopularwithstressedadults，patientsinhospitals，andotherswhojustwanttohearthehappyvoicesofchildren.（但在开通的前六周，这条热线接到了来自世界各地的500万个电话。它在压力大的成年人、医院里的病人和其他只想听到孩子快乐声音的人中间非常受欢迎。）可知这个项目对全世界的人们产生了巨大的影响。故答案为：A。【点评】做这类题，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项写出正确答案。17．【分析】作者在这篇文章中鼓励我们在生活中使用礼貌用语。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据原文InspokenEnglish，indirectquestionsaregenerallyconsideredmoreformal（正式的）andpolitethandirectquestions.Indirectquestionsarequestionswithextra（额外的）wordsandphrasestomakeyourquestionssofterandlessdemanding（强求的）.（在英语口语中，间接问题通常被认为比直接问题更正式和礼貌。间接问题是用额外的单词和短语来让你的问题更柔和，要求更低的问题。）可知在问题中添加额外的单词，使它们听起来更柔和。故答案为：D。（2）词义猜测题。根据原文Mostpeoplewouldconsideraquestionimpoliteifit'saskingthemforinformationthattheydon'treallywanttodisclosetoothers.（如果一个问题问的是他们不想告诉别人的信息，大多数人会认为这个问题是不礼貌的。）可知划线处是"回答"即"使得被知道"。故答案为：B。（3）细节判断题。根据原文WhenusingEnglishtoaskforthingsorinformation，itisthereforeimportanttousethemagicwords"please"and"thankyou".（因此，当用英语询问事情或信息时，使用"请"和"谢谢"这两个神奇的词是很重要的。）可知B"一些"神奇的词汇"在我们的礼貌用语中起着重要的作用"描述正确。故答案为：B。（4）主旨大意题。根据原文Trytospeakpolitelyindifferentsituations.Thiswillhelpyoucommunicatebetterwithotherpeople.（试着在不同的场合有礼貌地说话。这将帮助你更好地与他人交流。）可知作者在这篇文章中鼓励我们在生活中使用礼貌用语。故答案为：B。【点评】做这类题，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项写出正确答案。四、阅读表达阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。18．【分析】本文讲述了对于中小学生来说，在不久的将来，会做饭将成为必需品。根据新的劳动教育课程标准，他们还需要学习如何种植蔬菜、修理家用电器、在家饲养动物。【解答】细节理解题。（1）根据Startingfromthisautumnterm，studentsinprimaryandmiddleschoolsneedtotakecoursesonlaborskillsatleastonceaweek.（从今年秋季学期开始，中小学生每周至少需要参加一次劳动技能课程。）可知，学生一学期需要每周至少上一次劳动课。故答案为：Atleastonceaweek.（2）根据Thethirdtypeisservicework.Itincludesvolunteerworkinthecommunities.（第三类是服务工作。它包括社区的志愿者工作。）可知，第三类劳动课程包括志愿者在社区工作。故答案为：Volunteerworkinthecommunities.（3）根据Thelaboreducationmustbestrengthenedtohelpstudentsdevelopaninterest