2025年高二英语寒假衔接（外研版）专题06核心知识点+题型练习选择性必修二复习解析版

专题06核心知识点和题型训练（选择性必修二）复习考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破1.核心词汇2.必背短语3.重点句式4.题型训练核心词汇核心词汇legaladj.合法的，法律的instantlyadv.立即，马上conj.一……就……gradualadj.逐渐的，逐步的approvev.赞成，同意，批准steadyadj.稳定的，持续的commitmentn.投入，花费；承诺suitableadj.合适的variedadj.各种各样的digestv.消化consequencen.后果conclusionn.结论switchv.改变，转换motivatev.激发；激励occupyv.占用，占去appropriateadj.恰当的；合适的considerateadj.替他人着想的；关切的，体贴的promotev.促进，增进；晋升，提升equipv.使有知识和技能，使能够胜任；装备，配备sympathyn.同情competev.竞争expandv.扩大；增加intendv.计划，打算accessn.接触的机会；使用权convincev.使信服；说服assistv.协助，帮助vitaladj.极其重要的relievev.给（某人）换班；减轻，缓解devotev.献身；致力；把……用于minorityn.少数派；少数appetiten.胃口，食欲；欲望，喜爱decreasev.使变小，使减少explodev.突然增加；爆炸owev.应该做；欠；归功于comparisonn.比较rarelyadv.很少，难得【考点再现】单词拼写1.Therehasbeenaclose(联系；纽带)betweenthemeversincehesavedtheboyfromdrowning.2.Bothofushadthequalitiesand(美德)thataretypicalofAmericanactors.3.Ifyoudrivethiscarwithouta(n)(执照),you'llhavetoanswerfortheconsequences.4.The(工资)duetohimwillbepaidtomorrow.5.Aterribleaccidenthappenedatthecrossingandan(救护车)rushedtheinjuredtothehospital.6.HavingspentthepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmore(成熟的)thanthoseofherage.7.ThefirstarticleIwrotewasa(概况)ofthechemistryprofessor—theonewhowasnamedTeacheroftheYear.8.Ifyouwanttocontributetoournewspaper,pleasesendmeyourarticlebeforethe(截止日期).9.Youshouldmakeanapologytosomeoneyouhurtata(n)(合适的)time.10.Weshouldn'tsacrificeenvironmentalprotectionto(促进)economicgrowth.11.Thereisnodoubtthatglobalwarmingisa(n)(安全)threattousall.12.Shefoundithardtokeepbothendsmeet,sothehostessdecidedtocutbackondaily(必需品).13.Overthepastfew(十年)，thecountryhasachievedfasteconomicgrowth.14.Hemadearude(手势)atthedriveroftheothercar.15.Afterrenovationand(重建)theoldporthaschangedbeyondrecognition.16.Thefactory,whichisreportedinthelocalnewspapers,willinsiston(改革)thepresentsystemwhichhassloweditsdevelopment.17.Local(倡议)tohelpyoungpeoplehavebeeninadequate.18.Thisprovideda(坚实的)foundationfortheirmarriage.19.Trustisavital(组成部分)inanyrelationship.20.Scientistscontinuetopushbackthe(边界)ofhumanknowledge.21.(数据)showthattheaveragenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9intheearly1960sto2.5nowadays.22.Anapcanleaveyoufeelingrefreshedandmorereadyto(处理)thetaskathand.23.Wearea(少数)andmustconvincepeopleofthejusticeofourcause.24.Itwaswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreateda(和谐的)atmosphere.25.Hehadtoenduresixmonths'lossof(自由).26.Ourincomehasgotsmaller,sowemustbe(实际的)andsellourcar.27.Shehashadtocopewithlosingallherprevious(地位)andmoney.28.Icangiveyouarough(估计)oftheamountofwoodyouwillneed.29.Howimportantitistohaveself­esteem!Self­awarenessplaysa(极其重要的)partofbuildingyourself­esteem.30.Theyarecautiously(乐观的)thatthereformswilltakeplace.【答案】bond2.virtues3.licence4.wages5.ambulance6.mature7.profile8.deadlineappropriate10.promote11.security12.necessities13.decades14.gesture15.reconstruction16.reforming17.initiatives18.solid19.component20.boundaries21.Statistics22.tackle23.minority24.harmonious25.liberty26.realistic27.status28.estimate29.crucial30.optimistic必背短语必背短语haveasay有发言权inchargeof掌管，负责behindthewheel在驾驶汽车wasobsessedwith沉迷于berelatedto与……相关inthelongterm从长远来看intheactof正在做……时switchon打开layaside把……搁置一边；留存devoteoneselfto致力于，献身于beconcernedwith关心；与……有关careabout关心；担心；在乎pickup捡起，拿起beupto正在做；忙于relyon/upon依赖，依靠；信赖，信任abunchof一群throwinthetowel认输takeup占用；占据putoff推迟，延期intendtodosth.打算做某事dropin顺便拜访，临时拜访takeover接管，接任popup突然出现infavourof支持，赞成takechances冒险put...atrisk使……处境危险inmemoryof为了纪念……lookto指望，依赖；期待，展望bringforth使产生，使出现；生产with...inmind考虑到breakdown分解；出故障；失败；（身体）垮掉takein吸收；理解add...to...把……加到……中inone’sway挡住某人的去路；妨碍某人havenochoicebuttodo除了做……之外别无选择underconstruction在建设中fitinwith适应，与……一致getridof摆脱，除去，消除wipeout彻底摧毁，消灭consistof由……组成【考点再现】根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语1．Willyoubecompletely(掌控)yourownlifeandabletoexpressyourselfinnewandexcitingways?2．Surely,ifyou'reoldenoughtoearnawageandpaytaxes,youshouldbeallowedto(有发言权)onhowthegovernmentspendsthem!3．Mymumworriesaboutmebeing(在驾驶汽车).4．Asayoungboy,he(沉迷于)aeroplanes,ridinginoneforthefirsttimeattheageof12.5．Itwasapictureofaboaconstrictor(正在做……时)swallowingananimal.6．Withthedetoxnowfinished,they've(打开)theirdevicesandthey'rebackonline.7．I'membarrassedtosaythatI(认输)onthefirstday!8．Recentheadlineshaveseenmoreandmoreteens(刷爆)theirparents'creditcardsongamesorotheronlineactivities.9．Althoughthiscouldlikewiseinvolve(储存)moneyforyouruniversityeducation,italsomeansinvestinginyourself.10.Thebookstore,whichwasalegendaryfixtureintheneighborhood,wasaplacewhereanyonecould_________________(顺便访问)andconnectthroughtheirloveofbooks.11．__________________(一群)uskidswouldfrequentlydropbythestoreafterschool.12．ThecampaignhadbeenledbyJenniferOakley,asaleswomanwhohadgrownupintheneighborhoodandwhohadnow(接管)thebookstorefromCasey.13．IjoinedCasey,whowaslookingupatthescreenonwhichreaders'commentskept(突然出现).14．IknewIwas(让……处于危险中),butIthought,“IfIdon'tdoit,whowill？”15．ThemanwasAbrahamLincoln,PresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica,andhewasthere____________________(为纪念……)thesoldierswhohaddied.16．Hisspeechgavethemhope,beliefandareasonto(指望)thefuture.17．Today,foxescanbeseenalloverLondon—oneevenbeingfoundlivingonthe72ndflooroftheShardbuildingwhenitwas(在建造中)!18．Someanimalshaveevenchangedtheirlivinghabitsto(适应)theirnewhomes.19．Inthe1960sand1970s,thegreatestfearwasthatthehumanrace,andpossiblyalladvancedlifeformsontheplanet,couldbe(彻底摧毁，消灭)bynuclearmissilesjustatthepushofabutton.20．It(由……组成)aclosedspaceinwhichpeople,animalsandplantscouldlivetogether.【答案】inchargeof2.haveasay3.behindthewheel4.wasobsessedwith5.intheactofswitchedon7.threwinthetowel8.maxingout9.puttingaside10.dropin11.Abunchof12.takenover13.poppingup14.puttingmylifeatrisk15.inmemoryof16.lookto17.underconstruction18.fitinwith19.wipedout20.consistedof重点句式重点句式asif引导方式状语从句教材原句Iexpectedtofeelinstantlydifferent,asifIhadclosedthedooronmychildhoodandsteppedintoawholenewadultworld.我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就好像自己关闭了童年的大门，踏进一个全新的成人世界。句式仿写Heactedasif_________________inEnglandbefore.他的举动就好像他之前从未在英国生活过一样。nowthat既然，引导原因状语从句教材原句YouaskedifIhavebeenthinkingalotaboutthefuturenowthatI’m17.你问我既然17岁了，是否一直对未来思考很多。句式仿写________________________whatweareupagainst,howdowemoveforward?既然我们知道面对的问题是什么，那么我们应当如何向前推进？疑问词+不定式课本原句Ithelpedstudentslearnhowtobestcommunicateusingsocialmedia.它帮助学生学会如何最好地使用社交媒体进行交流。句式仿写Ishouldbeinstructed_________________.应当通知我出发的时间。与现在事实相反的虚拟语气教材原句Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadtogiveupsocialmediaforaweek?如果你不得不放弃使用社交媒体一周，你会做什么？句式仿写IfIhadmoretime,_____________________________.如果我有更多时间，我会学习一门新语言。theway+定语从句教材原句TounderstandhowpeoplefeelaboutthewaylifehaschangedinShenzhenthiscentury.了解人们对本世纪深圳生活方式变化的感受。句式仿写Shewaspleasedwiththeway___________________hercriticism.她对他接受她的批评的方式感到高兴。过去分词短语作后置定语教材原句Itisanindependent,non-profitorganizationwhosemissionistoprovidemedicalcaretothoseaffectedbyconflict,epidemics,disastersoralackofaccesstohealthcare.它是一个独立的非盈利组织，其使命是为那些受到冲突、流行病、灾难影响或缺乏医疗看保健的人提供医疗服务。句式仿写Theplan__________________theprojectisunderdiscussion.与该项目相关的计划正在讨论中。否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装课本原句Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.句式仿写Nor____________________thekindoflifehehadalwaysdreamtabout.他也没有让疾病阻止他过上梦想中的生活。nomatter+疑问词引导让步状语从句课本原句Nomatterhowmanycrimeshecommitted,thepolicewerepowerlesstoarresthim.不论他犯罪多少次，警方都无法抓捕到他。句式仿写______________________theInternetis,weshouldn’tbeseparatedfromourlovedones.无论互联网多么有吸引力，我们都不应该与我们所爱的人分开。asif引导表语从句课本原句WithfoxesinLondon,mountainlionsinSanFranciscoandwildpigsinHongKong,itisalmostasifourcitiesarebeingtakenoverbywildanimals.伦敦出现了狐狸，旧金山出现了美洲狮，香港出现了野猪，我们的城市就像是被野生动物给占领了。句式仿写Itlooks_____________________,soyoumightneedtobringanumbrella.看起来要下雨了，所以你可能要带把伞。不定式短语作表语课本原句Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveonthem.一种选择是探索其他星球，看看我们能否在上面生活。句式仿写Thepurposeofeducationis______________________inchildren.教育的目的是发展儿童好的品格。【答案】hehadneverlivedNowthatweknowwhentostartIwouldlearnanewlanguage(that/inwhich）hehadacceptedrelatedtodidheletthediseasestophimfromlivingNomatterhowattractiveasifit’sgoingtoraintodevelopafinepersonality题型训练题型训练一、阅读理解ADrone(无人机)lightshowsarebecomingespeciallypopularintheWest.Bynow,ifyouliveontheU.S.EastorWestCoasts,you’veprobablybeentroubledbywildfiresmoke.Thefiresareincreasinginfrequencyandintensityasclimatechangeworsens.Andfireworks,asyoucanguessfromtheirname,causefires—morethanyoumightthink.That’swhatcausedahandfulofCaliforniatownstoquitfireworksandturntodroneslastyear.Sydney,Australia,knownforitsmassivefireworksdisplay,isconsideringdoingthesameduetotheriskofwildfires.AndfiredangerisnowtopofmindformanyU.S.citiesastheIndependenceDay,ortheAmericannationalday,nears.Inadditiontoreducingtheriskoffires,dronelightshowspresentasaferalternativeforthefolksbehindthecurtain.Fireworksinjuredmorethan10,000peoplelastyearbecausetheycanaccidentallyeruptwhileontheground.Droneswon’t.Andsincelightshowsarerequiredtokeepthegroundbelowtheshowclear,there’snoriskofadronefallingfromtheskyintothecrowd.Dronesarealsolessdisturbing,creatingonlyalightbuzzingnoise.Fireworks,ontheotherhand,canburstyoureardrumifyou’restandingcloseenough.That’sanuisanceforsomefamilieswithanimals,smallchildren,orotherpeoplewhoaresensitivetonoise.Butperhapsthebiggestreasonfortheswitchtodronesisthatthey’rethoughttobegreener.Besidesstartingfires,fireworksmokeleavesbehindatrailofharmfulchemicalsandisconsideredapollutant.Dronesarealsoareusableoption,capableofflyingpotentiallyhundredsofshowsbeforetheyevenrequiremaintenance.That’sahugebenefittotheenvironment—andtothecompaniespayingtoputontheseperformances.Attheendoftheday,though,somecitiesarelikelyswitchingtodronessimplybecausethey’recooler.That’snottosaythatfireworksaren’tcool.Butdronesallowformorecreativity,withtheabilitytosynchronize(同步)lightstomusicandrecreatecompleximagesinthesky.Nevertheless,it’sstilltooearlytorushtotheconclusionthatdroneswillcompletelytaketheplaceoffireworksinthenearfuture.1．Whyarefireworksgivenupinsometowns?A．Theyaretooexpensive. B．Theybringalongfirerisks.C．Theyspeedupclimatechange. D．Theyarenotcoolanymore.2．Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph3?A．Bymakingacomparison. B．Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.C．Bygivingadefinition. D．Byreferringtodatafrompreviousstudies.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nuisance”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Reward. B．Attraction. C．Instance. D．Annoyance.4．Whatwilltheauthorprobablycontinuetotalkabout?A．Thepotentialchallengesdroneswillface.B．Thesimilaritiessharedbydronesandfireworks.C．Theimportanceofdronesinpromotingeconomy.D．Thestrongcompetitionfromcompaniesindifferentindustries.【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机灯光秀在西方越来越受欢迎，分析了其受欢迎的原因，包括减少火灾风险、更安全、噪音小、更环保以及更具创意等，同时也指出目前还不能得出无人机将完全取代烟花的结论。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Andfireworks,asyoucanguessfromtheirname,causefires—morethanyoumightthink.(烟花，正如你从它的名字可以猜到的那样，会引起火灾——比你想象的要多)”和第二段中“That’swhatcausedahandfulofCaliforniatownstoquitfireworksandturntodroneslastyear.Sydney,Australia,knownforitsmassivefireworksdisplay,isconsideringdoingthesameduetotheriskofwildfires.(这就是去年加州一些城镇放弃烟花转向无人机的原因。澳大利亚的悉尼以其大规模的烟花表演而闻名，由于野火的风险，正在考虑也这样做)”可知，一些城镇放弃烟花是因为它们会带来火灾风险。故选B项。2．推理判断题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“Inadditiontoreducingtheriskoffires,dronelightshowspresentasaferalternativeforthefolksbehindthecurtain.Fireworksinjuredmorethan10,000peoplelastyearbecausetheycanaccidentallyeruptwhileontheground.Droneswon’t.(除了降低火灾风险外，无人机灯光秀还为幕后人员提供了一个更安全的替代方案。去年，烟花造成10000多人受伤，因为它们可能会在地面上意外爆炸。无人机则不会)”可知，本段通过对比烟花和无人机灯光秀在安全性方面的差异，来说明无人机灯光秀的优势。由此推知，作者是通过对比的方式来展开第三段的。故选A项。3．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Fireworks,ontheotherhand,canburstyoureardrumifyou’restandingcloseenough.(另一方面，如果你站得足够近，烟花可能会震破你的耳膜)”以及后文“forsomefamilieswithanimals,smallchildren,orotherpeoplewhoaresensitivetonoise(对于一些有动物、小孩或对噪音敏感的人来说)”可知，烟花的噪音对于一些人来说是令人烦恼的。画线词“nuisance”意思是“令人烦恼的事物”，与Annoyance同义。故选D项。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless,it’sstilltooearlytorushtotheconclusionthatdroneswillcompletelytaketheplaceoffireworksinthenearfuture.(然而，现在就急于得出无人机将在不久的将来完全取代烟花的结论还为时过早)”可知，作者认为现在还不能得出无人机将完全取代烟花的结论，由此推知，接下来作者可能会继续谈论无人机面临的挑战。故选A项。BOneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles—notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.Andthat’sexactlyhowpsychologistsdefineplay:asaself-directed,intrinsically(内在地)motivatedactivitywithnopurposeoutsidetheactivityitself.Playiswhatwedojustforthejoyofit.Inchildren,playisseenasnormalandnatural,andasapowerfulwaytolearn.Butaswegrowup,wecometoseeplayasunnecessary.Wemayfaultourselvesforplayingwhenwecouldbegettingthingsdone.Atbest,weseeplayasrewardforalongday’swork,ameanstoupliftourselvesorawaytorelaxbeforedivingbackintothetroublesofoureverydaylives.Butplayisn’tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.Whatseparatesplayfromreallifeisthelackofrisks.Playprovidesasafeenvironmenttolearncognitive(认知的),motorandsocialskillsandtomakemistakeswithoutseriousconsequences.Whenasoldieronthebattlefieldtriestoavoidenemyfire,itmaycausethempsychologicaldamagebecausetheirlifeisontheline.Butifyoudothesamemovementinagame,you’reprobablyhavingagoodtime.Likeotherbasicdrivessuchaseating,playispleasurable.Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.Playisawayofexperimentingwithvariouscombinationstoseewhatworksanddevelopingflexibleresponsestounforeseenevents.We’renotbornwithanunderstandingofhowtheworldworks.Playishowwefigureitout.5．Whatisthemotivationforchildrentoplay?A．Thepurejoyofplayingitself.B．Theirkeeninterestineverything.C．Theirdesiretochallengethemselves.D．Theworkingproductivitytheyreceiveformplaying.6．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“letoffsteam”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Getfreshexperience. B．Bravethedifficulties.C．Relievenegativeemotions. D．Becomepowerfulgradually.7．Whatistheevolutionarypurposeofplay?A．Toimproveadults’creativity. B．Toprepareusfortheunknownfuture.C．Tohelpwiththepsychologicaldamage. D．Toboostchildren’scognitivedevelopment.8．Whatcanwelearnaboutplayfromthispassage?A．Playcomestobethebestsourceofentertainment.B．Playpromotescreativityandexplorationinusall.C．Playserveslittlepracticalpurposeinevolution.D．Playbenefitspersonallivesinnumerousways.【答案】5．A6．C7．B8．D【导语】本文是说明文。研究表明玩耍时间可以让我们更好地准备面对意想不到的事情和解决问题。5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Oneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles—notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.(孩子们玩耍的动机是什么孩子的一个显著特征是他们喜欢玩耍。他们绕着圈跑，撞到东西，在水坑里跳——没有任何目的，只是为了好玩。)”可知，孩子们玩耍的动机是游戏本身的纯粹乐趣。故选A。6．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Butplayisn’tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.(但玩耍不仅仅是一种letoffsteam和减压的方式。)”可知，and前后并列的意思相近，reducestress“减少压力”，意思就是relievenegativeemotions.表示“缓解负面情绪”。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.(但是它的进化目的是什么呢？最可能的科学解释是，玩耍教会我们如何应对意外情况。世界是不可预测的，为了生存，我们需要适应新的情况。)”可知，游戏的进化目的让我们为未知的未来做好准备。故选B。8．推理判断题。根据第四段“Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.(在一天中安排娱乐时间对提高工作效率很重要。游戏是一种基本的情感系统，在儿童发展和成人创造力中都是必不可少的。研究还表明，它能提高工作满意度、智谋和创新能力。更重要的是，当你面对新的挑战时，游戏可以拓宽你的经验，让我们准备好应对意想不到的事情。)”可知，游戏可以通过多种方式有益于个人生活。故选D。二、七选五Alargenumberofpeoplestartexperiencingstronglonelinessinthefewmonthfollowingtheirgraduation.Manypeoplemistakenlythinkthatlonelinesscanbeendedbyhavingmorefriendsorbymeetingnewpeople.1Sowhatcauseslonelinessandwhydosomanypeopleexperienceitrightaftergraduation?2Someofthemaincharacteristicsofacloserelationshiparecommoninterests,opennessandcommonlifechallenges.Duringcollegeorhighschoolyears,mostofthepeopleinagroupwillhavethesameproblem,sotheycantalkabouttheircommonproblems,thinktogetherofsolutionsandevenhelpeachothergothroughthem.3However,aftergraduationeachpersonusuallytakesadifferentpathandfindshimselffightinghisownuniquebattle.Problemsbecomenolongercommonbetweenthesamegroupofpeoplebecauseeachofthemdevelopshisownspecialones.Friendscanbecomelessconnectedtoeachotherwheneachoneofthemlivesadifferentlife.4Insuchacasetwothingscanbedone.Youcaneithershareyournewproblemswithyouroldfriendsandmakesureyoulistentotheirsoryoucanmakemorefriendsatyournewjobtosharewiththemwhat’sgoingoninyournewstageoflife.5Whenyoudoso,sticktothem,shareyourproblemswiththemandyouwillneverfeellonely.A．Whathappenstothesamegroupaftergraduation?B．Lonelinesscanneverappearinsuchanenvironment.C．Thisgraduallyreducesclosenessandpromotesloneliness.D．Infact,apersonwithquietafewfriendscanstillfeellonely.E．Lonelinesshappenswhenyoudon’thavecloserelationships.F．Thekeyistofindpeoplewhoarefightingthesamebattleasyou.G．Howlongitlastsreliesonwhatactionsyouwilltakeduringthatperiod.【答案】1．D2．E3．A4．C5．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了人们在毕业后常常会感到孤独的原因，并给出了应对建议。1．上文“Manypeoplemistakenlythinkthatlonelinesscanbeendedbyhavingmorefriendsorbymeetingnewpeople.(很多人错误地认为，多交朋友或结识新朋友可以消除孤独感)”提出人们对于消除孤独感的普遍错误看法，D选项“Infact,apersonwithquietafewfriendscanstillfeellonely.(事实上，一个有相当多朋友的人仍然会感到孤独)”与上文构成转折关系，给出正确观点，指出即使有很多朋友，人们仍然可能会感到孤独，从而引出下文对孤独原因和应对方法的探讨。故选D项。2．下文“Someofthemaincharacteristicsofacloserelationshiparecommoninterests,opennessandcommonlifechallenges.(亲密关系的主要特征包括共同的兴趣、开放性和共同的生活挑战)”开始阐述亲密关系的特点，E选项“Lonelinesshappenswhenyoudon’thavecloserelationships.(当你没有亲密关系时，孤独就会发生)”引出下文主题，即孤独与缺乏亲密关系有关，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。3．上文“Duringcollegeorhighschoolyears,mostofthepeopleinagroupwillhavethesameproblem,sotheycantalkabouttheircommonproblems,thinktogetherofsolutionsandevenhelpeachothergothroughthem.(在大学或高中时期，一个群体中的大多数人都会有同样的问题，所以他们可以谈论他们的共同问题，一起思考解决方案，甚至互相帮助度过难关)”描述了在校期间人们因为共同问题而紧密相连的情况，A选项“Whathappenstothesamegroupaftergraduation?(同样的一群人在毕业后会怎样呢？)”承接上文，引出下一段中“However,aftergraduationeachpersonusuallytakesadifferentpathandfindshimselffightinghisownuniquebattle.(然而，毕业后每个人通常会走上不同的道路，发现自己在进行着一场独特的战斗)”对毕业后人们关系变化的分析，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。4．上文“Friendscanbecomelessconnectedtoeachotherwheneachoneofthemlivesadifferentlife.(当每个人过着不同的生活时，朋友之间的联系就会减少)”指出毕业后朋友之间联系减少的现象，C选项“Thisgraduallyreducesclosenessandpromotesloneliness.(这逐渐减少了亲密感，促进了孤独感)”进一步解释这一现象导致的后果，即亲密感的减少和孤独感的增加，且句中指示代词“This”指代上文“becomelessconnectedtoeachother”这一情况。故选C项。5．上文“Youcaneithershareyournewproblemswithyouroldfriendsandmakesureyoulistentotheirsoryoucanmakemorefriendsatyournewjobtosharewiththemwhat’sgoingoninyournewstageoflife.(你可以和你的老朋友分享你的新问题，并确保你倾听他们的问题，或者你可以在新工作中结交更多朋友，与他们分享你新生活阶段的情况)”提出了两种应对孤独的方法，F选项“Thekeyistofindpeoplewhoarefightingthesamebattleasyou.(关键是要找到和你打着同样“仗”的人)”总结上文，指出无论是与老朋友还是新朋友分享，关键在于找到有共同经历或挑战的人。故选F项。三、完形填空MasonBranstratorhasalwaysbeenanathlete,butthreeyearsago,atjust17yearsold,hisactive1changedforever.“Iwasgoingforacommondayofdownhillskiing,butthistime,itwasalotdifferent,”Mason,anexperiencedskier,toldCBSNews.“IrememberthinkingrightasIleftthejump,‘I’mgoingalittlefast.’AndthatwasthelastthingIrememberedbeforeeverythingwent2.”MasonbrokehisT-12vertebra(脊椎),whichaffectslowerbody3.Hewasparalyzed(瘫痪)fromthewaistdown.Masoncouldn’t4thefactthathemightneverwalkagain.“Itwasjust5,”hesaid.Afterhelefthospital,hisparentsadvisedhimto6thegood.Soon,hebecamemore7.“ThefirsttimeIgotinawheelchair,Ifeltsofree,”hesaid.“Inthisreallyhardsituation—unabletowalk—sittinginawheelchairmeansyou’regivenfreedomand8.Andpeoplelookatthewheelchairandsay,‘It’sawfultobelimitedtousingawheelchair.’Butthiswheelchairdoesn’t9me.It’sactuallymyfreedom.”Still,hesaidbeinginawheelchairisnoteasyandittakeshimlongertodomostthingspeopleconsider10,likegettinginhiscar.Masonhastogetoutofhiswheelchair,balancehimselfagainsthisvehicle11whichisequippedtoholdhiswheelchairinthebackseat.Thenheslidesintothefrontseat.Butthosechallengeshaven’t12himfromplayingsportsandlivingagoodlife.Notonlythat,Masonfoundawayto13others.HestartedsharinghisexperiencesinInstagramtoconnectwithotherswhohadphysical14,andnowhasnearly270,000followers.“Andthen,itjustkeptevolvingandmorepeoplecaughtontomystory—peoplewhoweren’tparalyzedstartedbeing15.AndIjustloveddoingit,”hesaid.1．A．education B．lifestyle C．strategy D．design2．A．clear B．easy C．smooth D．black3．A．examinations B．preparations C．arrangements D．functions4．A．exchange B．doubt C．accept D．explore5．A．disastrous B．amazing C．boring D．confusing6．A．checkout B．makeup C．focuson D．workout7．A．depressed B．positive C．creative D．responsible8．A．wisdom B．independence C．pressure D．curiosity9．A．define B．comfort C．support D．limit10．A．simple B．abnormal C．thrilling D．essential11．A．confidently B．effortlessly C．painfully D．creatively12．A．forced B．encouraged C．stopped D．boosted13．A．persuade B．help C．treat D．hurt14．A．disabilities B．needs C．attractions D．relationships15．A．annoyed B．refused C．blamed D．inspired【答案】1．B2．D3．D4．C5．A6．C7．B8．B9．D10．A11．C12．C13．B14．A15．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述MasonBranstrator因滑雪事故导致瘫痪后，如何调整心态、积极面对生活，并通过社交媒体分享自己的经历来激励他人的故事。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：MasonBranstrator一直都是一名运动员，但就在三年前，年仅17岁的他，原本活跃的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。A.education教育；B.lifestyle生活方式；C.strategy策略；D.design设计。根据上文“MasonBranstratorhasalwaysbeenanathlete”可知，Mason是个运动员，由此可知，他原本活跃的生活方式发生了变化。故选B。2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我记得我从跳台跳下的那一刻，心里想，‘我滑得太快了。’然后就什么都不知道了，直到眼前一片漆黑。”A.clear清晰的；B.easy轻松的；C.smooth顺利的；D.black黑色的、秘密的。根据上文“IrememberthinkingrightasIleftthejump,‘I’mgoingalittlefast.’”以及下文他摔断了脊椎可推测，他当时眼前一片漆黑。故选D。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mason摔断了T-12脊椎，这影响了他的下半身功能。A.examinations考试；B.preparations准备；C.arrangements安排；D.functions功能。根据上文“MasonbrokehisT-12vertebra(脊椎)”可推测，摔断了T-12脊椎影响了他的下半身功能。故选D。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mason无法接受自己可能再也无法行走的事实。A.exchange交换；B.doubt怀疑；C.accept接受；D.explore探索。根据上文“Hewasparalyzed(瘫痪)fromthewaistdown.”以及他曾经活跃的生活方式可推测，他无法接受自己无法行走的事实。故选C。5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这简直是灾难性的，”他说。A.disastrous灾难性的；B.amazing令人惊奇的；C.boring无聊的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“MasonbrokehisT-12vertebra(脊椎),whichaffectslowerbody

____3____.Hewasparalyzed(瘫痪)fromthewaistdown.Masoncouldn’t

____4____

thefactthathemightneverwalkagain.”可推测，这样的结果对他而言是灾难性的。故选A。6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：出院后，他的父母建议他多关注好的一面。A.checkout查明、结账离开；B.makeup编造、组成；C.focuson专注于；D.workout解决、锻炼。根据空后的“thegood”以及下文所描述的他积极的心态可推测，他的父母建议他多关注好的方面。故选C。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，他变得更加积极了。A.depressed沮丧的；B.positive积极的；C.creative有创造力的；D.responsible负责任的。根据上文“Afterhelefthospital,hisparentsadvisedhimto____6____thegood.”可推测，因为他关注好的方面，他变得更加积极。故选B。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我第一次坐上轮椅时，感觉特别自由，”他说。“在这种艰难的情况下——无法行走——坐在轮椅上意味着你获得了自由和独立。人们看着轮椅会说，‘被困在轮椅上真可怕。’但这个轮椅并没有限制我。它实际上是我的自由。”A.wisdom智慧；B.independence独立；C.pressure压力；D.curiosity好奇心。根据上文“Inthisreallyhardsituation—un