2025年高二英语寒假衔接（外研版）寒假作业01 非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句（原卷版）

第=page22页，共=sectionpages77页限时练习：40min完成时间：月日天气：作业01限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句用法积累运用一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式与主句之间不用逗号隔开与主句之间一般用逗号隔开位置放在所修饰的先行词后as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在句首、句中或句尾先行词名词或名词性短语名词、名词性短语或整个句子引导词所有的关系代词和关系副词除that和why之外的关系代词和关系副词功能对先行词进行限定或修饰，去掉定语从句，剩余部分的意义不完整对先行词作附加说明解释，去掉定语从句后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整翻译常译成前置定语常译成并列分句例句：Theboy,whosefatherisanengineer,wasadmittedtoatopuniversity.(去掉非限制性定语从句，句意依然完整)那个男孩被一所重点大学录取了，他的爸爸是一位工程师。Theboywhosefatherisanengineerwasadmittedtoatopuniversity.（去掉限制性定语从句，不清楚男孩的身份）他爸爸是工程师的那个男孩被一所重点大学录取了。Shelostthenecklace,whichmadehersadthewholeday.她丢失了那条项链，这让她沮丧了一整天。Thefriend,whomwecameacrosstheotherday,wasalsoinvitedtotheparty.那个朋友也被邀请参加了晚会，我们几天前遇到过他。误区：误区1：只有which可以引导非限制性定语从句。纠正1：除了that和why不可以引导非限制性定语从句，其他关系代词和关系副词均可引导非限制性定语从句。例句：Mygrandfather’schildhoodwasbitter,whenhelivedahardlife.我祖父的童年是苦涩的，那时他过着艰难的生活。Thisisanoldhouse,wheremygrandfatherlivedinhischildhood.这是一座旧房子，我祖父曾经小时候在那里居住。误区2：介词位于关系代词前，只用于限制性定语从句。纠正2：介词位于关系代词前，既可以用于限制性定语从句，也可以用于非限制性定语从句。例句：Theprofessor,fromwhomIhavelearntalot,isverypopularintheschool.这位教授在学校很受欢迎，我从他那里学习了很多知识。Thegardeninwhichavarietyofflowersareplantedattractsagreatmanyvisitors.各样鲜花被种植的花园吸引了很多游客。二.引导非限制性定语从句时，关系代词as与关系代词which的异同关系代词as关系代词which不同点位置位于句首，句中，句尾位于主句后翻译“正如……”“这，那”相同点形式需要用逗号Asweknow,genuineknowledgecomesfromconstantpractice.正如我们所知，真知来自于不断的实践。Heissuchagenerouspersonaswealladmire.他正如我们所钦佩的那样，是一位如此慷慨的人。Hewasalwayscareless,whichmadehisparentsanxious.他总是粗心，这让他父母焦虑。一.填入合适的关系词1.Hehaspublishedalotofbooks,______________bringshimasenseofachievement.2.Lasttermourmathsteachersetsodifficultanexaminationproblemnoneofusworkedout.3.ShehasabrothernameIcan’tremember.4.Ihavemanycollectionsofstamps,someofaremyfavorite.5.Theclassroom，doorisbroken，willsoonberepaired.6．Thelastoneleavestheclassroomshouldclosethewindows.7.Heputasidehisworktospendmoretimewithhisson,justreturnedfromabroad.8.Iwouldliketoexpressmythanksinawayhecouldneverimagine.9.Thenovelcoronavirushashadsuchadeepeffectonourlifeistotallybeyondexpectation.10.LoraistheveryteacherIlikemost,withhelpIhavemadeprogressinmystudy.11.TanDunoncesaid，Chinesemusicshouldcarry“universalexpression”ofthehumanspiritsoastoberecognisedbythewholeworld.12.Autumnistheseasonforharvest,__________farmersgetwhattheyhaveplantedinspring.13.Theyareplanningtosetupanewhospital,___________morepatientscanbetreated.14.Iboughtallthefoodintheshop,muchofwasgivenouttothepoor.15.isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.AIwassittingatmydeskwhenanothergraduatestudentinmylabapproachedme.“Canyouhelp?”hebegged.Hisexperimentwasn’tworkingandhedesperatelyneededhelp.IwasafifthyearPhDstudent,theseniormemberofthelabatthetime.AsIhadmanytimesbefore,Igaveinandsaidyes.Ihadahardtimesayingnotosuchrequests.IwasnewtotheUnitedStatesforgraduateschool.Ifounditdifficulttomakenewfriendsanddiscoverafter-workactivitiesIenjoyed.SoIspentahugechunkofmytimeinthelab,withmylabmatesservingasmyprimarysourceofsocialconnection.IfearedthatifIbrushedthemoff,I’dlosetheirfavor.AfterIgraduatedandstartedajobinindustry,Icontinuedtocarrythesameattitudewithme,anditcontinuedtocostme.Itwasn’tuntilmywifegavebirthtoourfirstchildthatIrealizedhowthinIhadstretchedmyselfandhowmisguidedmypriorities(重要的事)were.Whileshelayinahospitalbedintheearlystagesoflabor(分娩阵痛),Isatnearby,busyincorrectingaworkreportonmylaptopformycolleague.Hourslater,afterhearingmydaughter’sfirstcryandwatchinghertinyfingersgrabtightlyontomine,itdawnedonmethatIshouldhavebeenfullypresentduringmydaughter’sbirth.Fromthenon,Ideterminedtosparemoretimeformyfamilybyreducingmyworktasksandcarefullyconsideringeachrequestforhelp.Istillenjoyedcooperatingwithothers,butIdealtwithmutually(共同地)beneficialtasksfirst,ratherthanacceptingeverythingthatcamemyway.Inoticedmanybenefits,andfewdisadvantages.Mydailyworkschedulewasnotsocrowded.Inolongerworkedovertime,andIwasabletoimprovemyworkperformancebyfocusingmoreonimportanttasks.Iwasalsopleasedtodiscoverthat“Sorry,I’dlovetohelpbutIhaveadeadlinecomingup”isanacceptableresponsetoarequestforassistance.Mostcolleaguesseemtounderstand.It’shardtosay“no”tothoseyouworkwith.ButI’velearnedthatsometimesthat’sthebestwaytoavoidtoomuchworkloadandleadafreerandhappierlife.1．Whywasithardfortheauthortorefuseothers’requestsinschool?A．Hewaseagerforgoodrelationswithothers.B．Hewasinterestedinhelpingothers.C．Hewasfondofdoingexperiments.D．Hewasthemostexperiencedstudent.2．Whatdidtheauthorrealizeafterhisdaughter’sbirth?A．Hefeltveryhappyafterhisdaughter’sbirth.B．Hiswifehadsacrificedalotforthefamily.C．Heshouldhavebalancedworkandlifebetter.D．Heshouldworkharderduetotheincreasedresponsibilities.3．Whathappenedtotheauthorafterrefusingothers?A．Hegotalongbadlywithhiscolleagues.B．Hegotalotmorevitaltasks.C．Hereceivedassistancefromhiscolleagues.D．Hegotlessworkandmorejoy.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Enjoyingfamilylife.B．Givingprioritytofamily.C．Givingandtaking.D．Learningtosay“no”.BArtificialintelligencehasbecomeincreasinglycommoninrecentyears,appearinginvariousappsandtools.ChatGPTisachatbotdevelopedbyOpenAIanddesignedtoconverse(对话)withpeople,generatetextandanswercomplicatedquestions.ThenameChatGPTstandsfor“GenerativePre-trainedTransformer”,whichindicatesitsabilitytousepre-trainingmodelstoexaminetheconnectionsbetweenallelementsofadatasequence(序列),thatis,usingamodelfromonemachinelearningassignmenttotrainanothermodel,muchsimilartohowpeopleusepreviouslylearnedinformationwhenlearningsomethingnew.ChatGPToffersasubstantialamountoftexttouseforpre-training.ChatGPTwaslaunchedinNovember2022,andthedevelopertrainedittorespondtofollow-upquestions,challengeincorrectnessandadmitmistakes.ChatGPTisalsoagenerativeAItoolthatcancreatevarioustypesofcontent,includingshortstories,doctoratetheses(论文),termpapers,menusandmore.ChatGPTmakesiteasierandfasterforbloggersorcontentcreatorstoproducehigh-qualitytext.Itcananswercomplicatedquestionsconversationally,usinginnovativetechnologytolearnwhathumansmeanwhenaskingquestions.Manypeopleareimpressedwithitshuman-likeresponses,makingitanefficienttoolforgeneratingwrittencontent.ChatGPTexcelsatlanguageandinformationtasks.Ithassomerestrictionsbuiltinthatpreventitfromprovidingtoxicreactionsthatareagainsttherightvalues.It’salsodesignedtoignoreimproperrequests.Whiletheprogramprovidedprettydecentresponsestointellectualquestions,itcannotprovidedefinitiveanswerstospiritualquestions.Itsanswersarenotalwaysaccurate,asitistrainedtogivehuman-feelingresponsesratherthannecessarilybeingcorrect.ThoughAItoolscanassistandenhanceourabilities,wemustavoidbecomingtoodependentonthem,asthisdependencecancostusourthinkingabilities,criticalskillsandintellectualcuriosity,whicharevitallyimportantforlifelonglearningandgrowth.Thus,despitemanyadvantagesofChatGPT,wemustuseitwiselytoavoidlosingcrucialskillsandcognitiveabilities.5．WhatisChatGPT?A．AnAItooldesignedfortextediting.B．Achatbotthatcanreplacehumanbrain.C．Aprogramgeneratinghuman-likeresponses.D．Apre-trainedmodelfocusedonlanguagelearning.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”meaninparagraph4?A．Beneficial. B．Complicated. C．Harmful. D．Precise.7．WhatistheproblemwithChatGPT?A．Itcannotrespondrapidlyenough.B．Theinbuiltrestrictionsmaymisguideusers.C．Itfailstoprovideconvincingacademicreplies.D．Overrelianceonitmayweakensomeessentialhumanabilities.8．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Asci-techmagazine.C．Anacademicpaper. D．Aresearchdocument.二、完形填空Whenshefirstlookedforherweddingdress,GwendolynStuglishadabudgetor$1,000.Aftertryingonseveraldresses,shewas9achampagne-coloreddresswithlongsleevesbythesalesclerk.“Igot10inmyeyesbecauseitwasthedressIreallywanted,”sheadmitted.Theonly11:itwastripleherbudget.Aftersomeencouragementfromhermother-in-law,Stulgis12it.Sheexplained,“AlthoughIhadn’tenoughmoney,thatdresswas13madeforme.”Sheworethegownwith14whenshebecameaStulgis.Asmostbridesdo,shehungherweddingdressinherclosetwhenthe15wasover.Realizingthedresswouldbe16ifitcontinuedtositthere,shedecidedtogiveitaway.StulgisturnedtoFacebooktosearcha17bride.Inthepost,thereweretwo18:thebridemusthavetheirceremonywithinthreemonthsandthedressmustbe19others.Morethan70messages20intoStulgis’mailboximmediately.MargaretHydehadplannedonmakingherowndressbeforeshesawStulgis’Facebook21.Shetoldhersister-in-law,AlyciaAshley,thatshewantedtoenterbutwas22.So,AshleysecretlyemailedStulgis,23Hydeasthemostselflesspersonsheknew.StulgiswasmovedbyAshley’s24.OnJune4,Hydewastoldshewaschosen.“Itwasunbelievable,”shesaid25.Hydepromisedtofollowthetravelingdressrequests.Afterherpost,Stulgis26aFacebookgroupcalledSharedDreamDresses.SinceJune,200dresseshavebeengivenaway.Stulgis’communityofbridaldonationsstartedwithsucha27emotion.Sheshared,“Iwantpeopletofeelliketheyareworthsomething.Iwantthemto28theirdressdreamswithoutworryingaboutbuyingone.Adressingshouldn’tbekeptinthecloset.”9．A．shown B．donated C．awarded D．reminded10．A．lights B．tears C．fears D．troubles11．A．price B．drawback C．catch D．decision12．A．accepted B．offered C．purchased D．abandoned13．A．seriously B．fortunately C．doubtfully D．completely14．A．expectation B．dignity C．admiration D．pride15．A．reception B．trade C．ceremony D．bargain16．A．stored B．wasted C．ignored D．treasured17．A．charming B．suitable C．selfless D．kind18．A．requests B．levels C．plans D．solutions19．A．passedonto B．helpedout C．devotedto D．handedoverto20．A．gathered B．happened C．flooded D．swelled21．A．account B．application C．comment D．post22．A．busy B．confident C．outgoing D．hesitant23．A．describing B．treating C．impressing D．directing24．A．response B．dream C．reaction D．message25．A．secretly B．excitedly C．desperately D．eagerly26．A．sheltered B．promoted C．started D．collected27．A．giving B．surprising C．refreshing D．moving28．A．design B．achieve C．update D．copy拓展突破练1.(2023年全国.甲卷.阅读理解A篇)It’stheonlyThairestaurant__________ranksamongthetop10oftheworld’s50bestrestaurantslist.2.（2023年全国.甲卷.阅读理解A篇）HeadChefDavidThompson,____________receivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestauranto