《大学英语》课件-UNIT 6 CYBERSECURITY

UNIT6CYBERSECURITYUnit6Cybercrimes01Warmingup020304ReadingGrammarfocusWritingContentWhatiscybersecurity?ThereareunauthorizedaccessandcyberattacksagainstcrucialdataCybersecurity(orITsecurity)isthepracticeofprotectingcriticaldataacrossdevices,networks,andprogramsagainsthackersandotherstryingtoexploitvulnerabilities(漏洞)andinfiltrate（潜入）computernetworks.WhathappenedtoLynn?3StepsforcybersecurityPause

ThinkActThesearecybercrimestories.Giveyouradvicetoeachvictimbelow.contactyourbankandexplainwhathashappenedsothattheycanlookoutforanysuspiciousactivitiesonyouraccount.Ifyoudoonlinebanking,youshouldprobablychangeyourpassword.contactthemoderatoroftheforum.Youcanalsoblockthepeoplewhoaresendingyouthesemessages.Youarerighttosuehim.Makesurethatyouremailaccountisprotectedbyastrongpassword.eithercontactyourex-boyfrienddirectlytoconfronthimaboutthisorreporthisbehaviortothepolice.Thisiscyberstalking,andthepoliceshouldtakeitseriously.Howcanweavoidcyberattacks?01020304UseStrongPasswordsBecautiousaboutsharingsomesensitiveinformationsuchasyouIDcardnumber.BeCautiouswithEmailsandDownloadsUsesecurenetworkandinstallsecuritysoftwareIfyouencounterviciousnessonline,usethelegalweaponstoprotectyourrightListenandrepeat.Aaccount

anarrangementinwhichabanktakescareofyourmoney.Youcanputinortakeoutmoneywhenyouneedton.账户bankaccountdepositwithdrawfreeze/unfreeze存入取出冻结/解冻wordsandexpressionsnoticenotifyv.通知toinformsomeoneofficiallyaboutsomethingn.通知

v.注意到disputev.toargueaboutsomething争论n.disagrement争论；纠纷……………………disputefirecedispute激烈的争论paydispute工资纠纷causedispute产生纠纷settledispute解决纠纷disputeletter:争议信。aformaldocumentusedtocommunicateyourdisagreementwithanassertionorchargeandtorequestaresolution.这是国外常见的一种实用类书信，一般指个人或公司向银行等信用机构报错时书写的信件。写信人在信中会指出自己的账户出现了哪些问题，要求冻结被盗用的账户，或指出信用机构的报告出现了哪些错误等。LanguageNotesFrom:JuliaDunnSubject:DisputeLetterDearSir/Madam,Iamavictimofidentitytheft.My(1)__________cardwaslostorstolenonOctober10.Ididnotauthorizeanytransactionsonorafterthisdate.Myaccountnumberis61234567123456××,andIconstantlyupdatemy(2)__________.Please(3)__________theaccount

andrestoreanyfundsthathavebeenwithdrawnfrommyaccount.Pleasealso(4)__________meifyouhaveanyquestionsregardingthis(5)__________ormyclaim.Couldyoualsosendmeawrittenconfirmationthatmyaccounthasbeenfrozen?Thatwouldbeagreatrelief.

Sincerely,JuliaDunnATMpasswordfreezenotifynoticeCompletethedisputeletter.D授权交易归还确认安心Unit6Cybercrimes01Warmingup020304ReadingGrammarfocusWritingContentContentReadingskillGuessingmeaningsofwordsfromcontextrestatement-synonymrestatement-antonymcontrastdefinitionexampleExternalcontextTop5cybercrimes--FromAnna’spostInthisdigitalage,moreandmore

crimesarebeingcommittedfrombehindacomputerscreen.Whatarethemostcommoncybercrimes?Readontofindmore.

在数字时代，越来越多的犯罪是通过电脑进行的。最常见的网络犯罪有哪些呢？让我们一起来看一看吧。数字的commitacrime犯下罪行比较结构Phishingscams.Aphishingwebsitelookslikearegular,legitimatewebsite.But,infact,itisacarefullydesignedfakewebsite,designedtohelpcriminalsgetyourpersonalinformation.Throughthephishingprocess,hackerstrytotrickcomputerusersintoenteringbankingpasswordsortheirhomeaddresses.scam:n.a

dishonest

plan,

especially

for

getting

money欺骗，诡计fake:adj.madetolooklikesomethingrealinordertotrickpeople

伪造的trick:v.deceivesomebody欺骗；蒙骗

tricksomebodyintodoingsomething诱骗某人做某事enter:v.

recordsomethingbytypingitonakeyboard输入

1.钓鱼式欺诈。钓鱼网站看起来似乎是普通的合法网站，但其实却是一个精心设计的虚假网站。犯罪分子利用这些钓鱼网站获取用户的个人信息。通过钓鱼，黑客诱骗用户在虚假网页上输入自己的银行密码或家庭住址。合法的contrastclue:usuallyconnectedbybut,while,however,neverthless,etc.word-guessingFromtheclue‘but’,regularandlegitimateshouldbeoppositeto“fake”,sofakeislikelytobeirregular,不正常的,alsohereisanexplanationafterit.Phishingscams.Aphishingwebsitelookslikearegular,legitimatewebsite.But,infact,itisacarefullydesignedfakewebsite,designedtohelpcriminalsgetyourpersonalinformation.Throughthephishingprocess,hackerstrytotrickcomputerusersintoenteringbankingpasswordsortheirhomeaddresses.Solution:Useaspecialfilter(筛选、过滤程序)onyourwebbrowsertopreventfakeemails.

合法的Identitytheft.Haveyoueveropeneda

spamemail,or

clickedonalinksentbyastranger?Thenyoumighthavebeenavictimofidentitytheft.Cybercriminalsoftenusestolencreditcardsorbankingdetailstomakepurchasesinthenamesoftheirvictims.clickon点击victim受害者

makepurchase购物inthename(s)of以……的名义盗用身份信息。你是否点开过群发的垃圾邮件或是陌生人发来的链接？如果你有过类似的经历，那么你的身份信息很可能已经被盗用了。网络犯罪分子常常使用盗用的信用卡或银行信息，以受害者的名义进行购物。From“or”weguessthat‘spamemail’issimilarto‘linksentbystranger’.Theybothmightbedangerous.word-guessingIdentitytheft.Haveyoueveropenedaspamemail,orclickedonalinksentbyastranger?Thenyoumighthavebeenavictimofidentitytheft.Cybercriminalsoftenusestolencreditcardsorbankingdetailstomakepurchasesinthenamesoftheirvictims.

Themethodsforavoidingit:Ifyouthinksomeonehasaccesstoyourprivateaccount,contactthepoliceimmediately.

Onlineharassment.IfyouuseasocialnetworksuchasWeChatorWeibo,thenyou’llprobablybeawareofonlineharassmenthappeningaroundyou.Thiscanbethreatsorverbalabusesentthroughthesocialnetworkorbyemail.如果你在使用诸如微信或微博的社交网络，你可能会意识到发生在你周围的网络骚扰问题。它可能是通过网络社交平台或电子邮件发送的威胁或谩骂。

harassmentincludesthreatsandverbalabuse,weguessitisanillegalactivity.beawareof=beconsciousof意识到某事；了解某事；知道某事e.g.I’mwellawareoftherisks.我完全了解风险。verbalabuse谩骂

word-guessingOnlineharassment.IfyouuseasocialnetworksuchasWeChatorWeibo,thenyou’llprobablybeawareofonlineharassmenthappeningaroundyou.Thiscanbethreatsorverbalabusesentthroughthesocialnetworkorbyemail.Themethodsforavoidingit:Reportpersonalthreatstothesocialnetworkonwhichyoureceivethembeforethingsgetoutofhand.

Cyberstalking.Cyberstalkerstrytofindouteverythingtheycanaboutwhattheirvictimsdoonline.Inextremecases,theymayinfectaperson’scomputerwithmalwarethatisabletologcomputeractivity.Theymayalsoharasstheirpotentialvictims.1)本结构中包含一个that引导的定语从句，“…thatisabletologcomputeractivity”，其中该定语从句的先行词是malware，that在该定语从句中充当主语。2)infectv.Ifavirusinfectsacomputer,itdamagesordestroysfilesorprograms.使（计算机）中毒3)beableto=becapableof

网络跟踪。网络跟踪者试图追踪受害人的一切网络活动。在某些极端的案例中，他们可能通过恶意软件控制对方的电脑，因为这些恶意软件可以记录电脑中的所有活动。他们还可能会骚扰其受害人。Cyberstalking.Cyberstalkerstrytofindouteverythingtheycanaboutwhattheirvictimsdoonline.Inextremecases,theymayinfectaperson’scomputerwithmalwarethatisabletologcomputeractivity.Theymayalsoharasstheirpotentialvictims.Themethodsforavoidingit:Ifyouhavereasontobelievesomeoneisfollowingyourmovementsonline,reportittoauthoritiesstraightaway.Invasionofprivacy.Thisincludeshackingintopeople’scomputers,readingtheiremailsormonitoringtheironlineactivities.Manyofthesecrimesarepunishableunderthelaw.1)punishableadj.deservepunishmente.g.Treasoninthiscountryisstillpunishablebydeath.

在该国，叛国仍是死罪。2)–able是常用的后缀，常见的用法有：①capableof,suitablefor表示“可以……的”、“适于……的”和“值得……的”。类似的词汇有separable,washable和readable等。②inclinedto,causing表示“倾向于……的”、“导致……的”。类似的词汇有comfortable,reasonable和variable等Invasionofprivacy.Thisincludeshackingintopeople’scomputers,readingtheiremailsormonitoringtheironlineactivities.Manyofthesecrimesarepunishableunderthelaw.Howtoavoidit:Monitoryourbankaccountscarefully,reportinganysuspiciousactivityasquicklyasyoucan.

Thenhowcanyouavoidbecomingavictim?Awarenessplaysanimportantpartinstayingsafeonline.Keepingthesefivecommoncybercrimesinmindcouldsaveyoualotofmoneyandhassle.Inmynextpost,I’llbetalkingaboutsomepracticaltipsforcybercrimeprevention.语言解析avoiddoing避免做某事awareness=consciousness意识playapart/rolein在.....中起到作用keepinmind牢记hassle=troubleprevention=precaution预防

那么如何避免成为网络犯罪的受害者呢？其中很重要的一点是要保持警惕。牢记这五种常见的网络犯罪行为可以使你避免承受经济损失或遭受骚扰。在下一篇帖子中，我将给出一些实用的小建议。

小建议

Leading-inTop2Top1ConclusionPara1Para2Para3Para4Para5Top3SummaryTheauthorintroducesTop5cybercrimial.Anditisrecomendedthatwekeepthesefivecommoncybercrimesinmind.Whatisthewriter’spurposeTorisereaders’awarenesssoastoavoidcybercriminalPara6Top4Top5Para7Unit6Cybercrimes01Warmingup020304ReadingGrammarfocusWritingContentcomparisonEquativecomparison同等比较Nonequativecomparison差等比较comparetwopeopleorthingsinheight,weigh,quality,etc.usedtoshowthattwothings,people,orplaceshaveequalqualities.as...asthesameas...no..than

indicatingthatthequalitiesarenotequal.not...as...asnot...thandoublecomparative双重比较the+comparative,the+comparativecorrelativecomparative

相关比较comparative+and+comparative语法要点ComparativepatternsinReadingAComparativepatterns(比较句式)课文中使用了比较句式：Inthisdigitalage,moreandmorecrimesarebeingcommittedfrombehindacomputerscreen.在数字时代，隐藏在电脑屏幕后面的犯罪越来越多。comparisonofgradationcomparativeadjective+and+comparativeadjective语法要点Equativecomparison同等比较Comparativepatterns(比较句式)（1）“as+形容词/副词原级+as”用于说明两个项目在某方面相同，可以用almost或nearly表示细微的差别，也可用just加强语气。例如：Thesaladisalmost/nearlyasexpensiveasthepasta.沙拉几乎和意大利面一样贵。Thesaladisjustasexpensiveasthepasta.沙拉和意大利面一样贵。as…as…句型是同级比较，表示两者比较程度一样。所以在翻译的时候，通常翻译为“…和….一样”。语法要点Nonequativecomparison差等比较Comparativepatterns(比较句式)（2）“notas+形容词/副词原级+as”用于比较两个项目在某方面不相同。例如：Thehotelwasnotasgoodastheyexpected.旅馆没有他们预期的好。跟as…as…句型相反的结构notas(orso)…as…表示两者的程度不一样，前者不如后者，所以，通常翻译为“…不如…”。语法要点Comparativepatterns(比较句式)（3）“no+形容词/副词比较级+than”用于比较两个项目在某方面一样不......，表示对两者都否定，所以可以翻译为“…和….一样不，…和…两者都不”。例如：TomisnotallerthanPeter.(=TomisasshortasPeter.)汤姆和彼得的个子都不高。注意：not+比较级…than…句型“不像……那样……；不如……”*Sheisnomorecarefulthanheis.她和他一样都不细心。*Sheisnotmorecarefulthanheis.她不如他细心。语法要点Doublecomparative双重比较级Comparativepatterns(比较句式)不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级+and+比较级”结构*Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.天气变得越来越冷了。*Thegirlbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.那个女孩长得越来越漂亮了。语法要点Correlativecomparative相关比较Comparativepatterns(比较句式)表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the+比较级（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语）”结构。*Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.他越努力工作，越感到高兴。*Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.学得越多，懂得越多。1Astheweatherbecomeswarmer,Ifeelbetter.(themore)____________________________________________________2Shethinksouropinionisalittlemorevaluablethanhers.(notas…as…)____________________________________________________Shethinksheropinionisnotasvaluableasours.Rewritethesentencesusingcomparativepatternswithexpressionsinbrackets.AThewarmertheweatherbecomes,thebetterIfeel.Unit6Cybercrimes01Warmingup020304ReadingGrammarfocusWritingContentAnnouncementWhatisanannouncementAnannouncementisastatementmadetothepublicortothemediawhichgivesinformationaboutsomethingthathashappenedorthatwillhappen.Ingeneral,announcementscanbedividedintotwoforms:writtenandoral.

MajortypesofannouncementsJobadvertisement/positionvacancyannouncementSchoolenrollmentannouncementGeneralAnnouncement0102AnnouncementDearvaluedcustomers,Inordertoprovideyouwithmorereliableandefficientfinancialservices,ABCBankwillupgradeitscorebankingsystem.Thedetailsareasfollows:1Thesystemwillbeupgradedfrom2p.m.to11p.m.onJuly5,2024.Duringthisperiod,allfinancialserviceswillbesuspended.2Thebank,dependingontheresultoftheupgrade,willresumepartorallofitsservicesassoonaspossible.Pleasemakeanynecessarypreparationsinadvanceandavoidprocessingbusinessduringthesystemupgradeperiod.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecallour24-hourservicehotline9123×orcreditcardserviceline400-123-56××.Pleaseacceptourapologiesforanyinconveniencecaused.

ABCBankJuly1,2024

TitlepurposeDate,timewhotheannouncementisforWhoissuestheannouncementWhentheannouncementisissued1Theannouncementisfortheattentionofthebank’sstaff.2Theupgradewilltakeeighthours.3Customerswillnotbeable