2022-2023学年辽宁省辽阳市高三上学期12月月考英语试题及答案

2022-2023学年辽宁省辽阳市高三上学期12月月考英语试题及答案注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Attentive. B.Cautious. C.Careless.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Theretheyare!I’vebeenlookingforthemeverywhere.M:Youmeanyourkeys?You’realwayslosingthem.Bemorecarefulinfuture.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Seeamovie. B.Cleanhisroom. C.Playbasketball.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:CanIgotoseeamovietonightwithmyfriends?W:Notuntilyoucleanyourroom.I’vebeenaskingyoutocleanitforweeks.M:YouknowI’vebeenjustbusypracticingbasketball.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhodidthemanvisitinSanFrancisco?A.Hisuncle. B.Hisboss. C.Hisaunt.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:It’snicetoseeyouagain.Haveyouchangedyourjob?M:No.IvisitedmyuncleinSanFrancisco.W:That’snice.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillJackdothisafternoon?A.Stayathome. B.Seeadoctor. C.Gotowork.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’veheardJackisverysickatwork?W:Yes,butheisgoingtohospitalthisafternoon.M:Ihopehewillgetwellsoon.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.40yuan. B.300yuan. C.340yuan.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hereisyourbill,sir.M:Thankyou.Only300yuan?W:Itshouldbe340yuan.Asyoubroketwocups,weadded40yuan.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shefeelsworried. B.Shelikessinging. C.Shehasgotafever.7.Howdoesthewomanoftencleanherears?A.Byusingherfingers. B.Byusingaplasticstick. C.Byusingamentalstick.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.What’swrongwithyou?W:Ifeelupset.I’vebeenhearingsomesinginginmyearsthisweek.M:Don’tworry.Haveyouhadafeverrecently?W:Actually,no.M:Doyoualwayscleanyourearswithaplasticormetalstick?W:No.Ialwaysdothatwithmyfingers.M:That’sprobablytheproblem.Cleaningyourearswithyourfingersoftendoesharmtoyourlistening.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhydoesthewomanrefusetogototheMetropolitanMuseumofArttoday?A.Theweatherisn’tgood.B.Sheisn’tinterestedinart.C.Shewantstostayoutdoors.9.Wherearethespeakersgoingfirst?A.TotheCentralPark. B.TotheTimesSquare. C.TotheStatueofLiberty.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】W:So,thisisourfirstdayinNewYork.Whatshallwedo?M:Well,howaboutgoingtotheMetropolitanMuseumofArt?Peoplesayit’sreallygood.W:I’drathernotdothattoday.Theweatherisgreat.Iwanttobeoutside.M:OK,well...Whydon’twegototheStatueofLiberty?W:That’sagoodidea.AndafterwardswhataboutgoingtotheCentralPark?M:Sure.Thatsoundsgreat.Oh,andIwanttogototheTimesSquareaswell.W:That’sfinewithme.Let’sgotherefirst.It’snotfarfromhere.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthemancallthewomantodo?A.Makeareservation. B.Checkoutofthehotel. C.Askaboutthecitycenter.11.WhatdoesthewomansayabouttheImperial?A.Itischeaperthanherhotel.B.Itisratedasafive-starhotel.C.Itisbetterknownthanherhotel.12.WhatdoesthemanfinallywanttoknowabouttheImperial?A.Thetelephonenumber. B.Theprice. C.Thelocation.【答案】10.A11.A12.A【解析】原文】W:AdventureReservations.CanIhelpyou?M:Yes.I’dliketobookasingleroomwithabathforSeptember22to25.W:Justamoment,please.I’msorry,sir.Wearefullybookedonthosedates.M:Oh,that’stoobad.Couldyourecommendanotherhotelthatwon’tbefulluptome?W:Yes,ofcourse.Wherewouldyouratherliketobe,inthecitycenterorinthesuburbs?M:Ipreferaplaceclosetothecitycenterbecauseitismoreconvenient.W:Inthatcase,IwouldsuggestthatyoutrytheImperial.M:Doyouknowtheratepernightforasingleroomwithabaththere?AndpleasetellmewhattheImperialislike.W:Well,asinglewithabathatthemomentwouldbebetween$50to$60.Itisratedasafour-starhotel.OursisbetterknownthantheImperialbutthentheImperialislessexpensivethanhere.M:Uh-huh.Onelastthing,doyouknowitstelephonenumber?W:Yes,itis61540928.M:Thankyouverymuch.Ireallyappreciateyourhelp,goodbye.W:Goodbyeandthankyouforcallingus.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.InItaly. B.InFrance. C.InEngland.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Neighbors. C.Classmates.15.WhydidSharonfailtoseetheBloodyTower?A.Hersondidn’tlikeit.B.Shehadnotimetogothere.C.Itwasnotincludedinherbrochure.16.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutPisa?A.Itisgreat. B.Itissmall. C.Itisnoisy.【答案】13.B14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey!Hithere!Sharon!Fancymeetingyouhere—Paris,France,again!W:Donald!Whatacoincidence!It’sasmallworld,isn’tit?M:Yeah.That’sbecausewelivenextdoor.We’vejustfinishedourtour.We’regoingbacktomorrow,butIwishIhadmoretime.Whataboutyou?W:Howtimeflies!I’mleavingtomorrow,too.M:Wherehaveyoubeen,Sharon?W:Well...westartedinLondon.Youknow,theTowerofLondon.M:Ohyeah,westartedinLondon,too.IlikedtheBloodyTower,wheremanyimpressivehistoricalstoriestookplace.W:Idon’tthinkwewentthere.ButI’msuremysonwishedhe’dbeenthere.Helikesallthatsortofthingandthestories.Ithinkthebrochureshouldbeimproved.Ididn’tseeanythinginitaboutthat.M:Youmeanyoudidn’tgototheBloodyTower!Whatapity!WhataboutItalythen?W:Pisa.Itisafantasticcity.M:Ican’tagreewithyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakerexplaining?A.Howhe’llmakeapresentation.B.Howtosende-mailstostudents.C.Howhe’llgradeforthegroupprojects.18.Howmanygradeswillthespeakergivetohisstudents?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.19.Whatwillthespeakerdowiththewrittenreport’sgrade?A.Checkeveryone’swork.BGiveeveryonethesamegrade.C.Askeachonetomakeareport.20.Whatisthefinalgraderelatedto?A.Thegrouppresentation.B.Thepersonalcontribution.C.Thegroupwrittenreport.【答案】17.C18.C19.B20.B【解析】【原文】M:Ihavebeengettingquiteafewe-mailswithquestionsaboutgradingforthegroupprojects,soletmeclarifythatbeforewestartclasstoday.Thegroupprojectincludesawrittenreportandapresentation.ButI’llgiveyouthreegrades.First,I’llgradethewrittenreportasawhole,andeverymemberofthatgroupwillreceivethesamegradeonthewrittenreport,soyoucandividetheworkandproducethebestreporttogether.Thesecondgradeisforthepresentation,whichisalsoagroupgrade.Again,Isuggestyousharethelaborhere.Andremembereveryonehasthepotentialtocontributesomethingtothegroup.Thefinalgradeisapersonalgradebasedonyourcontributiontothegroup.AndI’llgiveyouagradebasedonyourcontribution.Tobeasfairaspossible,I’llaskforthesignatureofeverygroupmemberonyourlist,checkingthatyourlistisappropriatefortheworkyouhavedone.SoI’llhavethethreegradesandaddthemtogetherandaveragethemtogiveyouatotalgrade.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIntroductiontotheEventsHeldintheBritishLibraryInternationalTranslationDay29th-30th,September2022InternationalTranslationDayreturnswithatwo-dayprogrammefromEnglishPEN.Itistheannualeventfortranslators,translationandtranslatedliterature.Followingthein-personprogrammeofLondon-basedworkshops,talksandnetworkingopportunities,EnglishPENhostsonlineconversationswithinternationalspeakers.AudioDescriptionTourofGold19thSeptember,2022Onthistouryoucanexploreitemsthatarehundredsofyearsoldanddisclosethestorieslightenedbygold.Discoverthemasterfultechniquesusedtohandlesuchapreciousmetal.ThisisanonlineonlyeventhostedontheBritishLibraryplatform.Peoplebookingitwillbesentaviewinglinkinadvancetowatchatanytimefor48hoursafterthestarttime.SpringandSummer2022Programme12thFebruary-21stAugust2022TheBritishLibraryhascooperatedwithWestDeanCollegeofArtsandConservationtodeliverastudyprogrammeonpreservationandcollectionforlibraries.Theprogrammecentersaroundcontinuedprofessionaldevelopmentandisaimedatprofessionals,studentsandothersinterestedinfurtheringtheirskillsinthisarea.AlexandertheGreat:TheMakingofWonders21stOctober,2022-19thFebruary,2023Alexander,borninancientMacedonia,builtanempirethatstretchedacrosstheancientworld,andhisexplorationofunfamiliarlands,rulersandcultures,fromEuropeantoAsianshapedhislegacyintothefantasticstoriesweknowoftoday.Joinlibrarians,writersandhistorianstodigintothesestories,asyoudecideforyourselfwhoAlexanderreallywas.21.Whatdothefirsttwolistedeventshaveincommon?A.Bothlasttwodays. B.Bothshouldbebookedinadvance.C.BothareavailableontheInternet. D.BotharebasedinLondonworkshops.22.WhatdoesSpringandSummer2022Programmefocuson?A.Theconstructionofcollegecampuses.B.Theexplorationofancienttechnology.C.Theintroductionofmetal-handlingtechniques.D.Thedevelopmentoflibrarycollectionprofessions.23.Whicheventisconcernedwithahistoricalfigure?A.InternationalTranslationDay.B.AudioDescriptionTourofGold.C.SpringandSummer2022Programme.D.AlexandertheGreat:TheMakingofWonders.【答案】21.C22.D23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了大英图书馆的一些活动。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“InternationalTranslationDay”部分内容“Followingthein-personprogrammeofLondon-basedworkshops,talksandnetworkingopportunities,EnglishPENhostsonlineconversationswithinternationalspeakers.(除了在伦敦举办的面对面的研讨会、谈话和交流机会外，英国笔会还主持与国际演讲者的在线对话。)”可知，该项目有网络的在线对话，而“AudioDescriptionTourofGold”部分内容“Peoplebookingitwillbesentaviewinglinkinadvancetowatchatanytimefor48hoursafterthestarttime.(预定的观众将提前收到观看链接，可以在开演后48小时内随时观看。)”则提到可以提前通过网络链接观看演出。由此可推知，二者的共同点是都可以通过在网上找到。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“SpringandSummer2022Programme”部分内容“TheBritishLibraryhascooperatedwithWestDeanCollegeofArtsandConservationtodeliverastudyprogrammeonpreservationandcollectionforlibraries.Theprogrammecentersaroundcontinuedprofessionaldevelopmentandisaimedatprofessionals,studentsandothersinterestedinfurtheringtheirskillsinthisarea.(大英图书馆与西迪恩艺术与保护学院合作，为图书馆提供了一个关于保存和收藏的研究项目。该项目以持续专业发展为中心，面向专业人士、学生和其他有兴趣在这一领域提高技能的人。)”可知，该项目涉及图书馆的“保存和收藏”，即，馆藏专业，以该专业的持续性发展为中心。因此，该项目的重点是图书馆馆藏事业的发展。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“ahistoricalfigure”定位到文章“AlexandertheGreat:TheMakingofWonders”部分内容“Alexander,borninancientMacedonia,builtanempirethatstretchedacrosstheancientworld,andhisexplorationofunfamiliarlands,rulersandcultures,fromEuropeantoAsianshapedhislegacyintothefantasticstoriesweknowoftoday.(亚历山大出生于古代马其顿，他建立了一个横跨古代世界的帝国，他对陌生的土地、统治者和文化的探索，从欧洲到亚洲，将他的遗产塑造成我们今天所知道的奇妙故事。)”可知，该项目是与历史人物亚历山大有关。故选D项。BAbout15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,abusinessmanandcyclingenthusiast,wasridinghisbikeinAustin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutagoodfriend’s12-year-oldson.Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus,abuildupofliquidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.Whenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheelbikewithaseatbelt,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.Soontheboywaspedalingaroundthestreetwithhisfriends,havingfunandgettingexercise.Buttherewasmore,asMcLindonobtainedfromhisfriend’sreaction.“Toseehissoninteractingwithotherkids,”McLindonsays,“I’llneverforgetthesmileontheboy’sface.”ThatsmilehascontributedtolaunchingtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithchildren’sclinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebikeandhelpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthespecialchild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderharness,aseatbelt,andacaregiver’ssteeringandbrakingmechanismintheback.Thebikesareexpensive—$3,000to$4,000,andthat’swiththefoundation’ssteepproducer’sdiscount.Forkidsluckyenoughtogetone,they’realifechanger.“Weworkedwitha14-year-oldgirlwhohasspinabifida(脊柱裂),”saysMcLindon.“ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforprofessionalsportstraining.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,‘Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.’”Sofar,thefoundationhasgivenaway450bikes,andthat’sjustastart.“Idoalotofthings.Irunalotofcompanies,”McLindonsays.“ButgettingthesekidstheirbikesisthemostimportantthingthatIdo.”24.WhichofthefollowingledMcLindontostartthefoundation?A.Hisenthusiasmforcycling.B.Thejoyabikebroughttoakid.C.Theproposalfromhisgoodfriend.D.Hisson’ssufferingfromabraindisease.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebikesfromthetext?A.Theylackfundsupport.B.Theyhavesafetyissues.C.Theyareverycheapandaffordable.D.Theyaredesignedfordisabledkids.26.Whatchangedidthebikebringtothe14-year-oldgirl?A.Sherecoveredphysically.B.ShestoppedwatchingTV.C.Herathleticpotentialwasdeveloped.D.Herdesiretogivewasstimulated.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abikeseller. B.Life-alteringcycles.C.Mentally-disabledkids. D.Aninteractiveplatform.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自行车爱好者安德鲁·麦克林登创立麦克林登家族基金会，为平衡感有问题的孩子们制作适合他们骑行的特殊自行车。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus,abuildupofliquidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.(这个男孩从未体验过骑自行车的乐趣，因为他患有脑积水，脑积水经常导致平衡障碍。)”以及第二段中“McLindonsays,“I’llneverforgetthesmileontheboy’sface.”(麦克林登说:“我永远不会忘记那个男孩脸上的笑容。”)”以及第三段中“ThatsmilehascontributedtolaunchingtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.(他的微笑促成了麦克林登家族基金会的成立。)”可知，麦克林登看到那些从未体验过骑自行车乐趣的孩子们骑上了自行车，孩子们脸上的笑容促使他成立基金会。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithpediatricrehab(小儿科康复)clinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebike—andtohelpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderharness,aseatbelt,andacaregiver’ssteeringandbrakingmechanismintheback.(在捐款的资助下，该组织与儿科康复诊所合作，寻找能够从拥有一辆自适应自行车中受益的儿童，并帮助根据儿童的特殊需要设计每辆自行车。自行车可能包括头枕、肩带、安全带，以及背部护理人员的转向和制动机构)”可知，这种自行车是为平衡感有问题的孩子们制作的适合他们骑行的特殊自行车，即它们是为残疾儿童设计的。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforprofessionalsportstraining.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,‘Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.’”(“她大部分时间都窝在沙发上看电视。在她得到自行车后不久，她就开始接受专业运动训练。在一次杂志采访中，她说，‘我一直都知道自己有运动员的潜质。’”)”可知，自行车让这个14岁的女孩知道自己有运动员的潜质，即她的运动潜力得到了开发。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了自行车爱好者安德鲁·麦克林登创立麦克林登家族基金会，为平衡感有问题的孩子们制作适合他们骑行的特殊自行车，从而改变了他们的生活。故B选项“Life-alteringcycles.(改变一生的自行车。)”概括文章主要内容。故选B。CTheuniverseisincrediblyvast.Thediameter(直径)oftheobservableuniverseisestimatedtobeabout93billionlightyearsacross.Withjustoureyes,wecangenerallyonlyseeafewthousandlightyearsworthofdistancethoughtherearesomeobjectswecanseethataremuchfurtheraway.ThefarthestobjectwecanseewithoureyesisAndromedaGalaxy(仙女座星系)located2.5millionlightyearsaway,andyetitisonlyvisibleifthereislittlelightpollution.Inordertoseefartherintospace,wemustrelyontelescopes.Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)wastherecordholderforthefarthestvisibledistanceinspaceuntilthelaunchoftheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)in2021.JWSTisnowthemostpowerfultelescopeeverbuilt,anditisabletoseetheuniverseasitwasonly200millionyearsaftertheBigBang.ThatmeansthatJWSTisabletopiecetogetheranadditional300millionyearsofuniversalhistorycomparedtoHST.JWSTwillbeabletostudysomeofthefirstgalaxiestoformaftertheBigBang.ThefarthestphysicaldistancewecanseeistheCosmicMicrowaveBackgroundRadiation(CMBR).CMBRcanbethoughtofastheecho(回声)oftheBigBangasitistheleftoverradiationfromthebirthoftheuniverse.TheCMBRitselfisthefarthestpossibledistancehumanscanseeasitrepresentsthemomentthattheuniversebecametransparenttolight.AlthoughlightdidexistbeforeCMBR,gasanddustweresimplytoodenseforlighttocrossspace.CMBRformedonly380,000yearsaftertheBigBang,andsoweareseeingtheuniversepriortotheformationofeventhefirststars.28.WhydoestheauthormentionAndromedaGalaxy?A.B.C.Topresenttheoriginoftheuniverse.D.Tostresstheseverityofspacepollution.E.Toshowthelimitedrangeofhumanvision.F.Toprovehumans'wonderfulviewofspace.29.WhatdoweknowaboutJWST?A.Itwaslaunchedin2022.B.ItismoreadvancedthanHST.C.Itcansee300millionyearsaftertheBigBang.D.Itwasusedtostudytheformationofthefirstgalaxies.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dense"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Distant. B.Rare.C.Tiny. D.Thick.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowFarCanHumansSeeInSpace? B.HowWillJWSTBeApplied?C.HowWillHumansExploreSpace? D.HowFarCanJWSTSee?【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了我们用肉眼观察到的宇宙范围十分有限，但是在太空望远镜的帮助下可以看到大爆炸后形成的第一批星系。【28题详解】目的意图题。根据文章第一段中“Withjustoureyes,wecangenerallyonlyseeafewthousandlightyearsworthofdistance.(仅凭我们的眼睛，我们通常只能看到几千光年的距离。)”以及“Inordertoseefartherintospace,wemustrelyontelescopes.Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?(为了看得更远的太空，我们必须依靠望远镜。使用最强大的望远镜，我们能看到多远?)”可知，作者提到仙女座星系是想表达肉眼可见范围十分有限，故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)wastherecordholderforthefarthestvisibledistanceinspaceuntilthelaunchoftheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)in2021.(在2021年詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）发射之前，哈勃太空望远镜（HST）一直是太空最远可见距离的纪录保持者。)”及“ThatmeansthatJWSTisabletopiecetogetheranadditional300millionyearsofuniversalhistorycomparedtoHST.JWSTwillbeabletostudysomeofthefirstgalaxiestoformaftertheBigBang.(这意味着与HST相比，JWST能够再拼凑3亿年的普世历史。)”可知，JWST(詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜)比HST(哈勃太空望远镜)更先进可以观测到更远的范围，故选B。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“AlthoughlightdidexistbeforeCMBR,gasanddustweresimplytoodenseforlighttocrossspace(虽然光在宇宙微波背景辐射之前就已经存在，但气体和尘埃的密度太大，光无法穿过空间。)”以及结合光无法穿过空间可知，是因为气体和尘埃的原因，光无法穿过的可能性是气体和尘埃密度太大，故选D。【31题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?(使用最强大的望远镜，我们能看到多远)”及各段大意，文章第一段主要讲述了肉眼可见最远距离，第二段讲述了新的詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的优势，第三段讲述了我们能看到的最远物理距离。可知，文章主要讲述了人类可观测到的最远距离，故选A。DInmanycasualdiscussionoflanguageontheInternet,it’scommontohearabouthow“textspeak(短信语言)”isruininglanguage.Somepeoplearguethattechnologyhasmadeuslazyabouthowwespeakandwrite.Mainstreammediahavecomplainedaboutthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicateusingtechnology.Ofcourse,languagedoeschangewhenit’susedtotextorwritemessagesonline.“Textspeak”isanevolutionoflanguage.It’seventhefocusofthefieldoflinguistics(语言学)calledComputer-MediatedCommunication(CMC).Thisfieldisdevotedtothestudyofinteractionfacilitatedbytechnologylikecomputers,mobilephonesandtablets.Peoplehavebeencomplainingaboutlanguagebeing“ruined”aslongasthey’vebeenwritingandspeaking.Inatalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplecomplainingaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.HesaidinAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan“artificiallanguage”.Infact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!Today,peopleareabletocommunicaterapidlyusingawidevarietyoftoolsandtechnologies.Perhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon(表情符号),whichcanproduceveryclearpicturesinourminds.Theemoticon“:)”,forexample,isavisualrepresentationofasmileyfaceturnedsideways.Althoughanemoticonmaylooklikeasmile,afrownoranynumberoffacialexpressions,itdoesn’treallyrepresentaface.Instead,it’sintendedtoexpressafeeling,suchas“I’mhappy”or“justjoking”.Emoticonsthatrepresentthesefeelingsarewhatlinguistscalldiscourseparticles.Thesearelittlepiecesoflanguagethatofferinformationaboutthetoneofthestatementthoughsomeeldersfeelpuzzledaboutit.Farfromruininglanguage,itturnsoutthat“textspeak”enablespeopletocommunicatecomplexfeelingsinasimple,streamlinedmanner.Thiskindofchangeisperfectforthemodern,fast-pacedworld.32.Whathavemainstreammediacomplainedaboutaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Communicationbarriers. B.Themodeofcommunication.C.Technologicalinnovations. D.Thelazinessofmodernpeople.33.Howdoestheauthorsupporttheargumentonlanguageevolution?A.Bygivinganexample. B.Byconductinganexperiment.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byunderlyingassumptions.34.Whichwordcanbestdescribeemoticons?A.Misty. B.Violent. C.Vivid. D.Mysterious.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards“textspeak”?A.Approving. B.Tolerant. C.Unconcerned. D.Unclear.【答案】32.B33.A34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比人们对于短信语言的使用的不同态度，进而提出自己的观点：这种变化非常适合现代快节奏的世界。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Mainstreammediahavecomplainedaboutthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicateusingtechnology.”（主流媒体抱怨人们使用科技进行交流的方式。）可知，主流媒体抱怨的是人们的沟通方式。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Inatalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplecomplainingaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.HesaidinAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan“artificiallanguage”.Infact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!”（在一次谈话中，语言学家约翰·麦克沃特分享了人们抱怨语言随着时代变化的故事。他举例说，在公元63年，一位罗马学者抱怨学生用“人工语言”写作。事实上，这种文字是一种新的语言，将成为法语！）可知，此处使用了举例子的方式证明了语言的进化。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Perhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon(表情符号),whichcanproduceveryclearpicturesinourminds.”（也许没有哪种语言的发展能比流行的表情符号更好地表明我们交流方式的变化，这种表情符号可以在我们的脑海中形成非常清晰的图像。）可知，表情符号是生动的。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thiskindofchangeisperfectforthemodern,fast-pacedworld.”（这种变化非常适合现代快节奏的世界。）可知，作者对于使用表情符号等类似的短信语言的态度是赞同的。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ithappensfromtimetotimethatafterawholemorningofstudying,youaretiredintheafternoon.Itisthenthatyoumaywanttoeatsomethingsweet,perhapsasweetdrinkorachocolatebartoliftyourmood.___36___Butastudysuggeststhatsugarcanmakeyoufeelworseratherthanliftyourmood.TheGermanandUKresearcherscollecteddatafrom31studiesinvolvingnearly1,300adults.___37___Thoseemotionsincludeanger,alertness,depressionandtiredness.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhohavetoomuchsugarbecomemoretiredandlessalertwithinanhour,andthatthesefeelingsbecomemoreintenseovertime.Accordingtoresearchers,whenpeopletakeinsugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsriserapidly,leadingtoaburstofenergyandashort“feelgood”period.However,astheybegintodigestthesugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsdecreasequickly,leadingtoabadfeeling.___38___Aswithcaffeine,thispreventsthebodyfromrelaxing,leavingpeoplebeingtiredandlessalert.___39___AccordingtoWHO,itishealthytohavethesugarsfoundnaturallyinfruit,vegetablesandmilk,solongastheymakeuplessthan5percentofourdailytotalenergyintake.Sothenexttimeyoufeeltiredandcan’tconcentrateonstudyandwork,perhapsyoushouldthinktwicebeforeyoubiteintoachocolatebar.Therearestillotherwaystorelievetiredness.___40___A.Maybealittleexerciseatmiddayisabetteridea.B.Socuttingsweetfoodoutofthedietisagoodchoice.C.Theystudiedtheeffectofsugaronsomeaspectsofmood.D.Afterall,it’sbelievedthata“sugarrush”givesyouenergy.E.Sugarinanyformisnotnecessarilygoodforthehumanbody.F.Buttheresultofthestudydoesn’tmeangivingupsweetfoodaltogether.G.Toremainona“high”,peoplemayeatmoresugaruntiltheybecomeaddictedtoit.【答案】36.D37.C38.G39.F40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了糖在被消化时会使人的血糖降低，让人情绪低落，但适量摄入水果、蔬菜和牛奶中的天然糖分对人的健康有好处。【36题详解】上文“Itisthenthatyoumaywanttoeatsomethingsweet,perhapsasweetdrinkorachocolatebartoliftyourmood.(那时你可能想要吃一些甜的东西，也许是一杯甜饮料或一块巧克力来提升你的情绪)”说明你可能会想要吃甜的东西来提升情绪，D项“毕竟，人们相信“甜蜜冲刺”会给你能量。”说明人们想要吃甜的东西的原因，承接上文，符合题意。故选D。【37题详解】上文“TheGermanandUKresearcherscollecteddatafrom31studiesinvolvingnearly1,300adults.(德国和英国的研究人员从包括近1300名成年人的31项研究中收集了数据)”说明研究人员收集了很多数据，以及下文“Thoseemotionsincludeanger,alertness,depressionandtiredness.(这些情绪包括愤怒、警觉、沮丧和疲惫)”说明其中包括一些消极的情绪，C项中They指代上文中的TheGermanandUKresearchers，C项“他们研究了糖对情绪某些方面的影响。”承上启下，符合题意。故选C。【38题详解】上文“However,astheybegintodigestthesugar,theirbloodsugarlevelsdecreasequickly,leadingtoabadfeeling.(然而，当他们开始消化糖时，他们的血糖水平会迅速下降，导致一种糟糕的感觉)”说明人们消化糖时，血糖下降会导致不好的感觉，G项“为了保持“高”，人们可能会吃更多的糖，直到上瘾。”说明人们对于上文出现的情况采取的应对措施，承接上文，符合题意。故选G。【39题详解】下文“AccordingtoWHO,itishealthytohavethesugarsfoundnaturallyinfruit,vegetablesandmilk,solongastheymakeuplessthan5percentofourdailytotalenergyintake.(据世界卫生组织称，水果、蔬菜和牛奶中的天然糖分是健康的，只要它们占我们每日总能量摄入的比例不到5%)”说明适量摄入天然糖分是健康的，F项“但研究结果并不意味着完全放弃甜食。”建议不要完全放弃甜食，引出下文，符合题意。故选F。【40题详解】上文“Therearestillotherwaystorelievetiredness.(还有其他缓解疲劳的方法)”说明缓解疲劳还有其他方法，A项“也许中午做点运动是个好主意。”举例说明了缓解疲劳的方法，承接上文，符合题意。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2007,22-year-oldRamesh’speanutfarmlostmoney.AswasoftenthecaseinmostofIndia,Rameshwas___41___pesticides(杀虫剂)andfertilizersacrosshis2.4hectaresintheAnantapurdistrictofsouthernIndia.Inthisdesert-likearea,whichgetslessthan600millimetersofrainfallmostyears,farmingisa(n)___42___.“Ilostalotofmoneygrowingpeanutsthroughchemicalfarming___43___,”saysRamesh,whoisinterestedinagriculture.Thec