专题11-上海高考英语概要写作(一)(解析版)(上海专用)VIP

►专题11上海高考英语概要写作（一）______________________________________________________________________________考点难点精考点难点精讲【考情链接】定义:Itisabrief,thoroughandobjectiverestatementofthemainideaandkeypointsofalongercomposition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上,在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。11评分要点1）理解准确，涵盖全部要点2）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇3）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑4）完全使用自己的语言22RequestsofSummaryWriting写作要求a60-wordsummaryuseyourownwordsinthethirdpersonwithabriefsentenceconnectionbetweensentences(句子衔接)33StepsofSummaryWritingStep1.Determinethetypeofwritingandidentifythetopicaswellastheauthor’spurpose确定体裁，明确主题Step2.Dividethepassage&summarizethemainideaofeachpartStep3.HighlightthekeyinformationofeachpartStep4.MakeanoutlineofthepassageStep5.WritethefirstdraftStep6.Revisethesummary44SkillsofSummaryWriting如果是议论文，那么作者必然会提出自己的观点。又是如何论证自己的观点的。如果是说明文（解释一个理论，一项实验等），主要信息就应该包括：作者介绍了什么？他所介绍的理论或实验有什么特点；如果是理论，那么这个理论的特点和实际用途是什么？如果是实验，那么实验的目的、对象、结果分别是什么？如果是记叙文，主要信息应包括：人、时、事等。【要点梳理】要点整合要点整合提炼同义转换同义转换:近义词、同义词等替换句子重构:调整词类、时态、语态等语言衔接（照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接）【典例剖析】（A）各种文体的写作技巧1、记叙文(Narration)：找出时间(when),地点(where),什么人(who),做了什么事(what),为什么做(why),结果怎么样(how)六要素。其中,最重要的要点是某人(who)做了何事(what)。若是夹叙夹议的文章,还要加上作者的看法、观点、经验或感悟。

1）叙事性的记叙文(Narration)。

叙事性的记叙文的主要内容的概括主要抓住记叙文的几个要素：时间、地点、人物、事件和影响或后果。

2）写人的记叙文（Description）。

写人的记叙文总结要点主要抓住人物的主要特点或事迹，划出关键词（所谓关键词是文中反复出现的体现主题或关联的词）。2、议论文（Argumentation）。

找出议论文的三要素，即论点、论据和结论。其关键是找出主题句或结论句。而这种文章的整体结构多数为总分结构、分总结构、平行结构等。因此，我们通常在首段或尾段，或者在各段的首句或尾句找论点。若文中有一分为二(即对立观点)的观点，两种观点都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的观点。

3、说明文（Exposition）

抓住关键句：文章第一段和各段第一句。说明文一般有三种：描写某事物的性质功能；针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施；介绍某现象及其原因、结果。（B）各文体例文展示说明文Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

(2017普陀一模)TeachingIs“OneoftheLeastPopularJobsintheUK”TheUKgovernmenthasjustpublishedareportonthefutureofsecondaryschoolteaching,andtheconclusionofthereportisthatmanysecondaryschoolsnowfacegreatdifficultiesinfindingpeoplewhowanttobeteachers.Sincethe1980s,thenumberofgraduateswhowould“seriouslyconsider”teachingasacareerhasfallensharply,from64%in1982tojust17%today.Thereportsuggeststhaturgentactionneedstobetakeninordertoencouragemoreintelligentyounggraduatesintoteaching.①Themaindrawback（缺点）ofsecondaryteaching,accordingtothereport,isthelowsalary.Earningsinteachingaremuchlowerthaninmanyotherjobs.JoanneManners,24,isagoodexample:“Igraduatedinmathslastyear,andIwasthinkingofdoingateacher-trainingcoursetobecomeamathsteacherbutIsawIcouldearntwiceasmuchifIworkedinmarketingoradvertising,soIdecidednottobecomeateacher.”②It'snotjustaboutthemoney,however.Thesurveyconcludedthatanotherreasonwhypeopledon’twanttobeteachersisthatsometeenagersbehaveverybadlyinschool.Alotofschoolshaveproblemswithdiscipline,anditseemsclearthatchildrendonothavethesamerespectforteachersasinthepast.③Here’stheviewofDaveHallam,anaccountantfromLondon:“Ithinkparentsaretoblame.Theyshouldhavestricterruleswiththeirchildrenathomeandalsoteachtheirchildrentohavemorerespectforteachers.”④Thereportisclearthattheproblemofteachershortageisaveryseriousone.Itsaysthatthegovernmentshouldraiseteachers’paysignificantly,tocatchupwithworkersinotherprofessions.Italsoindicatesthatthegovernmentcouldlaunchanationwidepublicitycampaign,withsomeadvertisementsonTVandinthenewspapers,toshowthepositivesidesofteachingtoyoungpeople.⑤做题步骤：Step1：细读全文，明确主题。本文主要是描述教师是英国最不受欢迎的工作。Step2：划分要点。本文分5个要点，已在文中标出。提出主题——两点原因——两点建议。②和③要点可以合并。Step3：标主题句或关键词。已在文中用横线标出每段主题句。Step4：概括。Asisreported,secondaryschoolsinUKexperienceddifficultiesrecruitingyoungteachers.Thereasonsarelowsalaryandkid’sbadbehaviors.Therefore,poorlybehavedstudentsneedtoobeystricterrulesandparentsneedtodisciplinethemathome.Also,governmentshouldincreaseteachers’incomeandpromoteateachingcampaigntodisplayteaching’sbrightside.(55words).议论文Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.(2017长宁嘉定一模)TheadvantagesofsocialnetworkingWhydomostpeoplesignuptosocialnetworkingsites?①Themainreasonistostayintouchwithotherpeople.Thesesitesalsohelppeopletofindtheirchildhoodfriendsthattheyhavelosttouchwith.Renewingtheselong-lostfriendshipsisjustaclickaway.Itisveryexcitingtobeabletocatchupwithfriendsandkeepupwiththeirnewsonanalmostdailybasisthankstofrequentupdates.②Keepup-to-date,however,doesn’thavetoberestrictedtofriendsandacquaintances(相识的人）.Whatmanypeopletendtoforgetisthattheycanalsousenetworkingsitesforprofessionalreasons.Itisactuallyagreatwayoffindingoutaboutupcomingjobopportunities.Friendsmightknowaboutjobvacanciesthatmaynotbeadvertisedelsewhereortheycanevenrecommendtheirfriendsforcertainjobs.Evenpeoplealreadyemployedcanpromotetheirbusinessonline.Thisisparticularlyimportantforartists,actorsandmusicianswhocancreatepagesdevotedtotheirbandortheatrecompany,andinformfansabouttheirgigs(现场演唱会）orlatestexhibitions.Inaddition,thesitescanbeusedtoallowthepublictogiveinstantfeedbackontheartists’workandtointeractwiththeirfavouriteartist.③Anothergreatadvantageofsocialnetworkingsitesishoweasyitistoorganiseaneventwithyourfriends.Thankstodifferentsettingspeoplecanorganisetheirfriendsbydifferentcriteria(标准）.Thesecriteriacouldbehowclosefriendstheyare,commoninterestsandhobbiesorwheretheylive.Thismeansifacertaineventtakesplace,forexample,anopen-airconcertorafootballmatch,alltheyhavetodoisinvitetherightgroupoffriendstoattend.Somenetworkingsitesofferarangeofquizzesandgames,sofriendslivingonoppositesidesoftheglobecaninviteeachothertoparticipateandcompeteinavarietyofgameswithoutleavingtheirhomes.④做题步骤：Step1：细读全文，明确主题。本文主要是社交网络的优点。Step2：划分要点。本文分4个要点，已在文中标出。Step3：标主题句或关键词。已在文中用横线标出每段主题句。Step4：概括。Socialnetworkingsitesbenefitpeopleinseveraldifferentways.Notonlydotheyallowpeopletokeepinclosetouchwithfriendsoldornew,buttheyprovidepotentialjobopportunitiesandencourageonlinebusinesspromotionplusinteraction.Moreover,theyfacilitatetheorganizationofvariousevents,connectingpeoplewithsimilarhobbiesorpreferencesglobally.(54words)记叙文Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

MeetTheMemberWhoQuitSugarWhenIwas15,Iweighed100kg.Iwasasize20+andhatedthewayIlooked.Iwasaserialbigeaterandquitedepressed.Iwouldsitinfrontofthefridge,eatsomething,movetothecupboard,eatapacketofchips,andmovebacktothefridge.Itwasaheartbreakingcycleofhateandfood.Ididn’tfeelconfident,pretty,orworthwhile.Shoppingmademecry,Iavoidedmirrors,andmysociallifecametoanend.IactuallylostfriendsbecausetheytoldmeIwasantisocial.ItbecamesobadthatIwantedtoabusemyself;myskinandmymindbecamemyenemy.Butthen,Iturnedmylifearound.Iquitsugar.Itstartedwithmymum.Shestagedanintervention(干预)thatmademecry.Iwantedtochange-I

needed

tochange-andshecouldseehowunhappyIwas.Sheputmeontoadietthatmostlyaimedtoschedulemeals,and-tomyshockhorror-cutoutallprocessedsugar.Itwassohardatfirst.Iremembertheshameofsneakingchocolateandcandieswhenthethreeo’clockhungerhits.Buttheweekskeptcominganditjustgoteasier.Istoppedeatingsugar,andIstoppedlovingit;simpleasthat.Isubstitutedchipsandbiscuitsforfruitandnuts,andhadcup-of-soupsafterschoolwhenIwashitbythedesire.Ialsohadmoreenergy,havinga20-minutewalkwithmydogintomyeverydayroutine;Ibegantolovethatpersonaltime.Cuttingoutsugargavemesomuchmorecontrolovermybody,andmyoutlookonlifeimproved.Somanypeopleareintimidatedbythewords“quitsugar”.It’snottrue.Fruit,honey,etceteraarenaturalsugars,andbelieveme,theyfuelyoubetterthanchocolatebarsevercould.NowI’m17,turning18,andIweigh70kg.Istillstrugglewithmyweight,butthisiswhereIsitnaturally,andIamveryproudofmyself.IneverthoughtIwouldbeconfidentenoughtoweardressesorskirts,andtakeleadershiprolestoputmyselfoutthereanddevelopmysocialskills.Icouldneverhavedoneitwithoutthesupportofmyfriendsandfamily,andIurgeeveryonewhowantstodorightbythemselvesandchangetheirdiet-quittingsugarorotherwise-tosharetheirdecisionwithpeople.Developasupportnetwork,onlineoroffline,whichcanofferyouadviceorpickyouupwhenyou’redown.AndIcanassureyou,frommyownpersonalexperience,yourbodywillthankyou,andyouwillthankyourselftoo.做题步骤：Step1：细读全文，明确主题。本文主要是关于作者如何戒糖和减肥。Step2：划分要点。记叙文注意是找who/what/when/where/why/howwho：theauthorwhat:quitsugar,loseweightwhen/why:文中划线处where:无需强调how:withhermother’shelpandchangeherdietStep3：标主题句或关键词。已在文中用横线标出每段主题句。Step4：概括。Afterexperiencingalotofheartbreakingmomentsduetoheroverweight,theauthormadeuphermindtogodietbyquittingsugar.Sheturnedtohermotherandhealthyfood.Afterstrugglingwithherweightandsugar-eatinghabit,nowshehaslost30kgandfeelsmuchbetterthaneverbefore.Herexperienceistotakeactionandsupport._____真题优选操真题优选操练2017年1月高考真题Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

ShynessIfyousuffershyness,youarenotalone.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsareexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.The

firstenvironmental

cause

of

shyness

many

be

a

child’s

home

and

family

life.Today’schildrenaregrowingupinsmaller

and

smaller

families,

with

fewer

and

fewer

relatives

living

nearby.Growingupinhomes

in

which

both

parents

work

full

time,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequentvisitsbyneighboursandfriends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschool.Asecondenvironmentalcause

of

shynessinanindividualmaybeone’sculture.InalargestudyconductedinJapan,57percentofparticipantsratedthemselvesasshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbardosay,“OneexplanationisthatinJapan,anindividual’sperformancesuccessiscreditedexternallytoparents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,andothers,whilefailureisentirelyblamedontheperson.”Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksinpublicandrelyinsteadongroup-shareddecisions.Technologymayalsopayarole.IntheUnitedStates,thenumberofyoungpeoplewhoreportbeingshyhasrisenfrom40percentto50percentinrecentyears.Duetoourhugeadvancesintechnology,watchingtelevision,playingvideogames,andsurfingtheWebhavereplacedrecreationalactivitiesthatinvolvesocialinteractionformanyyoungpeople.Adults,too,arebecomingisolatedasaresultoftechnology.Facetofaceinteractionwithbankclerks,gasstationattendantsarenolongernecessarybecausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanking,filltheirtheirgastanks,andordergoods.Inshort,theybecomeshy.Itappearsthatmostpeoplehaveexperiencedshynessatsometimeintheirlives.Therefore,ifyouareshy,youhavelotsofcompany. Shynessiscommonandithasenvironmentalcauses,includinghomeandfamilylife,cultureandtechnology.Firstly,withsmallerfamiliesandworkingparents,childrenlacksocialinteractions.Secondly,blamingfailureonindividualscausespeopleinsomeculturetobeshyinpublic.Finally,withthedevelopmentoftechnology,peoplehavefeweropportunitiestosocializeinperson.2017年6月高考真题Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

LearningbyRoteintheDigitalAge Rotelearninghadbecomeseenasanoutdatedmethodofteaching.Thedictionarydefineslearning‘byrote’as:‘frommemory,withoutthoughtofthemeaning;inamechanicalway’.Thedeclineofrotelearninghasbeenquickenedbytechnology.Nooneneedstomemorizefriends’phonenumbersoremailaddressesbecausesuchdataisconvenientlystoredandaccessibleelectronically.AndwhyrememberwhenandwhereWorldWarⅡbrokeoutwhenyoucanfindtheanswerontheinternetinaboutsixseconds?Butnowtherearevoicesforaneedtoreturntorotelearning.Infact,memorizingkeydataisessentialtolearninganyskill.Doctoringrequiresknowledgeofmedicineandlawyeringrequiresknowledgeofcasesandlaws.Ofcourse,beingabletorecallthingswillnotfurtheryourunderstandingofthosethings,butwithoutmemorizingthesefoundationelements,youcannotprogresstoadeeperunderstandingofasubject.Whiletheinternetandcomputershaveweakenedtheneedforustorememberthings,itmaywellbethatmobilelearningcanhelpbringthisstyleoflearningbacktolifebymakingitmoreconvenientandmorefun.Drillingyourself——withflashcardsorbyrepetition——isusuallyhardandboringwork,whichiswhymostpeopleneedtheirmultiplicationtablestobedrilledintothembyteachersorparents.Rotelearningwithoutawillingthirdpartycanbeabattleofdisciplineandmotivation.Butmobilelearningcanmakethoseflashcardsanddrillsmoreappropriatetoindividualstudy;ourdigitaldevicescanchallengeandinformusatthesametimeandalsokeepsmotivated,whetherthroughgame-likestructuresorrecordingourprogress.Onceyou’verequiredtheessentialsofasubjectbyrotelearningyouwillfinditeasiertogodeeperintheapplicationofknowledgewhichisimportant.Rotelearningmeansmechanicalmemorization.Althoughtechnologymakesitlessneeded,itsvalueisbeingrediscovered.Rotelearninghelpspeopleacquirebasicknowledge,layingafoundationforfurtherunderstanding.Infact,technologymakesmobilelearningpossible,whichmotivateslearnersinrotelearningandmakesmemorizationmoreinterestingandindividualized.2018年1月高考真题Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

ToLaughIsHumanMostofusdon’tknowwhywelaughatsomejokesandnotatothers.Scientistsknowthatweareabletolaughatbirth.Babiesbegintolaughatthreetofourmonthsofage,wellbeforetheyproducetheirfirstwords.Whatscientistsareinterestediniswhywelaugh.Scientistsbelievehumanslaughwithothersprimarilybecauseitmakesusfeelconnectedwithoneanother,whichinturngivesusasenseoftrustandcomfort.Toscientists,laughterisanunconsciousreaction;consequently,whenwelaugh,otherscanbecertainthatitisanhonestreaction,andhonestyiskeywhenbuildingandmaintainingfriendships.Sincelaughterisseenasasocialsignalthatwesendtoothers,itcanalsohelpexplainwhyitissoinfectious.Studieshaveproventhatwhenpeopleseeorhearsomethingfunny,theyare20timesmorelikelytolaughwhentheyarewithothersthanwhentheyarealone.Wantingtobeacceptedbyothersispartofhumannature.Andmirroringotherpeople’slaughterisawaytosignaltoothersthatyoufeelthewaytheydo,whichmakesusfeelmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Humanshavenotalwayslaughedjustsotheycanfeelclosertoothers,however.Scientistspointoutthatthissocialfunctionoflaughterwasbornoutofanevenmorefundamentalhumanneed.Laughter,theybelieve,cameaboutbecauseitcontributedtoourverysurvivalasaspecies.Scientistsassumethatsharinglaughterensuredourancestorsahighersurvivalratebecauseitledtogreatercooperationbetweenindividuals.Humanslearnedquicklythatgreatercooperationledtosurvival,andthebraininturnrealizedthatlaughingwithothersincreasedoutchancesoffindingpeopletocooperate,hunt,eat,live,andeventually,survivewith.参考答案：Scientiststhinkhumansarebornwiththeabilitytolaugh,butwhydowelaugh?Welaughtofeelclosertooneanother.Laughterhelpsustoberecognizedsowelaughmoreingroupsthanwhenalone.Laughteralsoevolvedfromamorebasicneedtosurviveasitpromotedcooperation,enablinghumanstosurvivebetter.

(59w)(bebornwith=beinborn/accepted=recognized=identified/bebornoutof=evolvefrom=comefrom=originatefrom)Laughterisunconscious,infectiousandbasic.Itbringsusatrustworthy,comfortableandhonestfeeling,thusbettermaintainingfriendships.Chancesarethatwelaughmorewithothersaround,contributingtopromptingrecognitionandfeelingmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Scientistsassurethatlaughterresultedingreatercooperationbetweenindividualsinancienttimes,asbettercooperationleadstosurvival.(58w)Wewerebornwiththeabilityofhelpingandscientiststhinkthereasonwhywelaughisthatwefeelconnectedwithothersandwewanttoberecognizedbyothers.Besides,laughterhelpspeopletocooperatetosurvivewith.(40w)_____名校好题必名校好题必测1.上师大附属外国语中学高三第二学期四月线上诊断Ⅳ.SummaryWriting(10%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Judgingfromrecentsurveys,mostexpertsinsleepbehavioragreethatthereisvirtuallyanepidemicofsleepinessinthenation.“Ican’tthinkofasinglestudythathasn’tfoundAmericansgettinglesssleepthantheyoughtto,”saysDr.David.Evenpeoplewhothinktheyaresleepingenoughwouldprobablybebetteroffwithmorerest.Thebeginningofoursleep-deficitcrisiscanbetracedbacktotheinventionofthelightbulbacenturyago.Fromdiaryentriesandourpersonalaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturies,sleepscientistshavereachedtheconclusionthattheaveragepersonusedtosleepabout9.5hoursanight.”Thebestsleephabitsoncewereforcedonus,whenwehadnothingtodointheeveningdownonthefarm,anditwasdark.”Bythe1950sand1960s,thesleepschedulehadbeenreduceddramatically,tobetween7.5and8hours,andmostpeoplehadtowaketoanalarmclock.“Peoplecheatintheirsleep,andtheydon’tevenrealizethey’redoingit,”saysDr.David,”Theythinkthey’reokaybecausetheycangetbyon6.5hours,whentheyreallyneed7.5,8orevenmoretofeelideallyvigorous.”Perhapsthemostmercilessrobberofsleep,researcherssay,isthecomplexityoftheday.Wheneverpressuresfromwork,family,friendsandcommunityincrease,manypeopleconsidersleeptheleastexpensiveitemontheirprogram.”Inoursociety,you’reconsidereddynamicifyousayyouneedonly5.5hours’sleep.Ifyou’vegottoget8.5hours,peoplethinkyoulackdriveandambition.”Todeterminetheconsequencesofsleep-deficitresearchershaveputsubjectsthroughasetofpsychologicalandperformancetestsrequiringthem,forinstance,toaddcolumnsofnumbersorrecallapassagereadtothemonlyminutesearlier.“We’vefoundthatifyou’reinsleepdeficit,performancesuffers,”saysDr.David,”Short-termmemoryisweakened,asareabilitiestomakedecisionsandtoconcentrate.”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Sleep-deficit,acommonphenomenoninAmerica,iscausedbyseveralfactors.Firstly,theinventionofthelightbulbhaschangedpeople’slifestyleandshortenpeople’ssleeptimebyabout2hours.Secondly,variouspressuresandmisleadingsocialconceptsalsocontributetosleep-deficit.Researchershavefoundoutthatsleep-deficitwouldinfluenceusintellectually.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国人睡眠缺乏的原因，以及睡眠不足会带来的影响。【详解】1.要点摘录①Judgingfromrecentsurveys,mostexpertsinsleepbehavioragreethatthereisvirtuallyanepidemicofsleepinessinthenation.②Thebeginningofoursleep-deficitcrisiscanbetracedbacktotheinventionofthelightbulbacenturyago.③Bythe1950sand1960s,thesleepschedulehadbeenreduceddramatically,tobetween7.5and8hours,andmostpeoplehadtowaketoanalarmclock.④Perhapsthemostmercilessrobberofsleep,researcherssay,isthecomplexityoftheday.⑤Inoursociety,you’reconsidereddynamicifyousayyouneedonly5.5hours’sleep.Ifyou’vegottoget8.5hours,peoplethinkyoulackdriveandambition.”⑥“We’vefoundthatifyou’reinsleepdeficit,performancesuffers,”saysDr.David,”Short-termmemoryisweakened,asareabilitiestomakedecisionsandtoconcentrate.”2.缜密构思将要点1、6精简，将要点2、3，要点4、5进行整合3.遣词造句Sleep-deficit,acommonphenomenoninAmerica,iscausedbyseveralfactors.Firstly,theinventionofthelightbulbhaschangedpeople’slifestyleandshortenpeople’ssleeptimebyabout2hours.Secondly,variouspressuresandmisleadingsocialconceptsalsocontributetosleep-deficit.Researchershavefoundoutthatsleep-deficitwouldinfluenceusintellectually.【点睛】[高分句型1]Firstly,theinventionofthelightbulbhaschangedpeople’slifestyleandshortenpeople’ssleeptimebyabout2hours.（运用了and连接并列句）。[高分句型2]Researchershavefoundoutthatsleep-deficitwouldinfluenceusintellectually.（运用了that引导宾语从句）2.上海第三女中2021-2022学年第二学期四月线上教学评估Ⅳ.SummaryWriting(10%)51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Coco-Cola’sInnovativeSolutiontoPlasticPollutionPlasticpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostpressingproblemofthe21stCenturywithplasticwastealmosteverywhere.Itisestimatedthatjustin2016,theworldproducedover320milliontonsofplastic,andthisnumberissettodoubleby2034.Plasticwasteevenmakesitswayintoouroceanswith8millionpiecesofplasticpollutionperdaypollutingourwatersanddestroyingthehabitatforhundredsofspecies.Itisnowbelievedthattheremaybearound5.25trillionpiecesofplasticintheoceanweighingintotalupto269,000tons.It’sbeencrystalclearforalongtimethatthesituationishorribleandsomethingneedstobedone,andfast.Luckily,Coca-Colasteppeduptothechallengeandcameupwithoneinnovativeandrathereffectivesolution.ThefirmisreplacingitsplasticwrappinginEuropewithanewpaperboardtechnology.ThisnewtechiscalledtheKeelClipanditisafirstforthenon-alcoholready-to-drink(NARTD)industry.UsingKeelClips,Coca-Colaaimstoremoveallplasticwrapfromitscanmultipacksinall?EuropeanUnionmarketsbytheendof2021.Thefirmisoptimisticthatthemovewillsave2,000tonsofplasticand3,000tonsofCO2annually.“InnovationisakeyprincipleofoursustainablepackagingworkandtheapplicationofthisfullyrecyclablepaperboardKeelClipTM,whichiscomposedofatopboardthatthecansclipintoandcentralcardboard‘keel’—similartoaship’skeel—thatstabilizesthepack,isanotherexampleofhowwearedeliveringonourcommitmenttoremoveallunnecessaryandhardtorecyclesingle-useplasticfromourproducts.Wehopethiseco-friendlyinitativeisaconsciousapproachtodealingwithplasticpollution,”saidJoeFranses,VicePresident,SustainabilityatCoca-ColaEuropeanPartners.【答案】Withplasticwastesinvadingtheoceanandthreateningmarinelives,plasticpollutionisamongthemostseriousproblemsontheearth.Todealwiththesituation.Coca-ColathinksofacreaivesolutioncalledKeelClip,whichsubstitutespaperboardforplasticwrapping,thussavinglotsofplasticandCO2annually.ThecaseshowsinnovationbehindCoca-Cola’scommitmenttosustainableeco-friendlypackaging.【解析】【分析】这是一篇概要写作。【详解】这篇概写语言精练，从三方面概括了文章要点。根据第一段中Plasticpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostpressingproblemofthe21stCenturywithplasticwastealmosteverywhere.(塑料污染已经成为21世纪最紧迫的问题之一，塑料垃圾几乎无处不在)可知，Withplasticwastesinvadingtheoceanandthreateningmarinelives,plasticpollutionisamongthemostseriousproblemsontheearth.(随着塑料垃圾进入海洋，威胁着海洋生物，塑料污染是地球上最严重的问题之一)；根据第二段中Luckily,Coca-Colasteppeduptothechallengeandcameupwithoneinnovativeandrathereffectivesolution.(幸运的是，可口可乐公司接受了这一挑战，并提出了一个创新且相当有效的解决方案)和第三段中Thefirmisoptimisticthatthemovewillsave2,000tonsofplasticand3,000tonsofCO2annually.(该公司乐观地认为，此举每年将节省2000吨塑料和3000吨二氧化碳)可知，Todealwiththesituation.Coca-ColathinksofacreaivesolutioncalledKeelClip,whichsubstitutespaperboardforplasticwrapping,thussavinglotsofplasticandCO2annually.(来处理这种情况。可口可乐公司想出了一种名为KeelClip的creaive解决方案，用纸板代替塑料包装，从而每年节省大量的塑料和二氧化碳)；再根据最后一段中InnovationisakeyprincipleofoursustainablepackagingworkandtheapplicationofthisfullyrecyclablepaperboardKeelClipTM,(创新是我们可持续包装工作的关键原则，这种可完全回收的纸板KeelClipTM的应用)可知，ThecaseshowsinnovationbehindCoca-Cola’scommitmenttosustainableeco-friendlypackaging.(这个案例展示了可口可乐公司对可持续环保包装的承诺背后的创新)3.华东师大二附中2021-2022学年第二学期四月在线阶段检测Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

ChacoGreatHousesAsearlyasthe12thcenturyA.D.,thesettlementsofChacoCanyoninNewMexicointheAmericanSouthwestwerenotablefortheir“greathouses,”massivestonebuildingsthatcontainhundredsofroomsandoftenstandthreeorfourstorieshigh.Archaeologists（考古学家）havebeentryingtodeterminehowthebuildingswereused.Whilethereisstillnouniversallyagreeduponexplanation,therearethreecompetingtheories.One