黄金卷03-备战2023年高考英语模拟卷(广东、山东专用)(解析版)

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（山东、广东卷）黄金卷03（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ARosettaStoneTheappoffers25languagestochoosefromanditlistenstoyourpronunciationtohelpgraspyourskills.Ithelpsyoulearnlanguagefoundationsfaster.RosettaStonestartsat$35.97for3months,buthasadditionalplansofdifferentlengths,includingalifetimemembershipfor$199.MangoWhilemanyoftheappsonthislistfocusongamifying(游戏化)andmakingthelearningexperienceaddictive,Mangogoesintheotherdirection,payingmuchattentiontodetailedinstruction.Asinglelanguagewillcostyou$7.99amonth,or$17.99foraccesstoallofavailablelanguages(that’s70languages).Mangohaslongerlessons,whichaverageatabout12minutesperlesson.Theselessonsareverydetailed,andMangoemphasizesconversation-basedmethodologytogetyoutowardbeingfluent.MondlyMondlyfocusesongamifyingthelanguage-learningexperience.YoucangetstartedonMondlyforfreeandupgradetoasubscriptionservice,rangingbetween$9.99and$479.90.Theappisgoodforthosewhohavenoexperienceinlearninganewlanguage.DuolingoDuolingoisfamousforitsowl(猫头鹰)ifyoudon’tkeepontrackwithyourlessons.Thebestpartofthisappisthatit’scompletelyfree,althoughyouhavetheoptiontoupgradeifyou’dliketoavoidtheads.Theupgradedplanis$12.99amonth,andwith34languagestolearn,it’stheeasiestappbyfartogetstartedwith.There’recomprehensiontestsforlisteningandreading.You’lllistentoastoryandanswerquestionstoseehowmuchyoucomprehendedfromthestory.1.WhatisspecialaboutMango?A.Itgamifiesthelanguagelearning.B.Itoffersa12-minutelessonatatime.C.Itisthecheapestappofthefour.D.Itfocusesondetailedinstruction.2.WhatisthefunctionoftheowlinDuolingo?A.Trainingitsusers’listening.B.Forcingitsuserstokeepgoing.C.Preventingitsusersfromtheads.D.Helpingitsusersanswerquestions.3.Whichappisthemostsuitableforforeignlanguagebeginners?A.Mondly.B.Mango.C.Duolingo.D.RosettaStone.【1~3题答案】【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几款学习语言的app。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Mango段落下的第一句“Whilemanyoftheappsonthislistfocusongamifying(游戏化)andmakingthelearningexperienceaddictive,Mangogoesintheotherdirection,payingmuchattentiontodetailedinstruction.(虽然这个列表中的许多应用程序都专注于游戏化和沉浸式学习体验，但Mango却朝着另一个方向发展，非常注重详细的指导)”可知，Mango的特别之处是它侧重于详细的指导。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Duolingo段落下的第一句“Duolingoisfamousforitsowl(猫头鹰)ifyoudon’tkeepontrackwithyourlessons.(如果你没跟上学习进度的话，Duolingo的猫头鹰可是很有名的)”可知，Duolingo的猫头鹰可以促使用户坚持使用，跟上课程进度。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Mondly段落下的最后一句“Theappisgoodforthosewhohavenoexperienceinlearninganewlanguage.(该应用程序适用于那些没有学习一门新语言经验的人)”可知，Mondly适用于外语初学者。故选A。BImaginereadingastorytitled"PursuingSuccess."Thatwouldbeaninspiringstory,wouldn'tit?Maybe—butmaybenot.Itmightwellbethestoryofsomeonewhosenever-endingchaseformoreandmoresuccessleavesthemunsatisfiedandincapableofhappiness.Thoughitisn'taconventionalmedicaladdiction,formanypeoplesuccesshasaddictiveproperties.Obviously,successgoeswithpraise.Toacertainextent,praisestimulatestheneurotransmitterdopamine(神经递质多巴胺)，whichcontributestoalladdictivebehaviors.Thedesireforsuccessmaybeborntohumannature,butspecialnessdoesn'tcomecheap.Successistoughwork,anditrequiresbearingthecostoflosing.Inthe1980s,thephysicianRobertGoldmanfamouslyfoundthatmorethanhalfofambitiousathleteswouldbewillingtotakeadrugthatwouldkilltheminfiveyearsinexchangeforwinningeverycompetitiontheyentered.Unfortunately,successisendless.Thegoalcan'tbesatisfied;mostpeopleneverfeel“successful”enough.Thehighonlylastsadayortwo,andthenit'sontothenextgoal.Psychologistscallthisthehedonictreadmill(快乐跑步机现象)，inwhichsatisfactionwearsoffalmostimmediatelyandwemustrunontothenextrewardtoavoidthefeelingoffallingbehind.Peopleshouldgetoffthetreadmill.Butquittingisn'teasyforaddicts.Forpeoplehookedonsubstances,withdrawalcanbeapainfulexperience,bothphysicallyandpsychologically,researchfindsthatdepressionandanxietyarecommonamongoutstandingathletesaftertheircareersend.Olympicathletes,inparticular,sufferfromthe“post-Olympicblues.”Justlikewine,successinandofitselfisnotabadthing.Bothcanbringfunandsweetnesstolife.Butbothbecomebossywhentheyareasubstitutefor—insteadofacomplement(补充物)to—therelationshipsandlovethatshouldbeatthecenterofourlives.4.Whatdoespraisefunctionaswhengoingwithsuccess?A.Ithasnothingtodowithsuccessaddiction.B.Itmayindirectlycausesuccessaddiction.C.Italwaysbringspositiveresultsofsuccess.D.Itresultsinalladdictivebehaviorsexceptsuccess.5.WhydidtheauthormentiontheresearchfindingsofRobertGoldman?A.Toshowsuccessisatoughandcrueljob.B.Tostressthekeytosuccessliesinefforts.C.Toarguethatathletesdeservemorerewards.D.Todescribetheroutinetrainingofanordinaryathlete.6.Whatcansuccessbringtoasuccessaddictaccordingtopsychologists?A.Satisfactionandasenseofpride.B.Anxietyandshort-livedhappiness.C.Relaxationandendlessmotivation.D.Confidenceandpermanenthappiness.7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledoaboutpursuingsuccess?A.Stopchasingsuccess.B.Chasesuccessatanycost.C.Reflectonwhatmattersinlife.D.Giveuploveandrelationships.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了成功对人们的影响，对许多人来说，成功有上瘾的特性，但成功是艰苦的工作，它要求承担失败的代价，而且成功还是无止境的，带来的快乐却很短暂；对此，作者建议人们应该思考自己生活中真正重要的东西是什么。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Obviously,successgoeswithpraise.Toacertainextent,praisestimulatestheneurotransmitterdopamine（神经递质多巴胺），whichcontributestoalladdictivebehaviors.”（显然，成功与表扬相伴。在一定程度上，表扬刺激神经递质多巴胺，这有助于所有成瘾行为。），可知表扬与成功相伴，会刺激神经递质多巴胺，它可能间接地导致成功成瘾。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“Successistoughwork,anditrequiresbearingthecostoflosing.Inthe1980s,thephysicianRobertGoldmanfamouslyfoundthatmorethanhalfofambitiousathleteswouldbewillingtotakeadrugthatwouldkilltheminfiveyearsinexchangeforwinningeverycompetitiontheyentered.”（成功是一项艰巨的工作，它需要承担损失的代价。1980年代，医生RobertGoldman发现了一个著名的发现，超过半数雄心勃勃的运动员愿意服用一种药物，这种药物将在五年内杀死他们，以换取他们参加的每一场比赛都能获胜。），可推知本段列举RobertGoldman的研究是为了说明成功是一项艰巨而残酷的工作。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Thegoalcan'tbesatisfied;mostpeopleneverfeel“successful”enough.Thehighonlylastsadayortwo,andthenit'sontothenextgoal.Psychologistscallthisthehedonictreadmill(快乐跑步机现象)，inwhichsatisfactionwearsoffalmostimmediatelyandwemustrunontothenextrewardtoavoidthefeelingoffallingbehind.”（目标不能满足，大多数人从来没有感觉到“成功”足够过。兴奋的状态只持续一两天，然后又进入下一个目标。心理学家称之为快乐跑步机现象，在这种情况下，满足感几乎立即消失，我们必须继续下一个奖励，以避免落伍的感觉。）和倒数第二段中的“Forpeoplehookedonsubstances,withdrawalcanbeapainfulexperience,bothphysicallyandpsychologically,researchfindsthatdepressionandanxietyarecommonamongoutstandingathletesaftertheircareersend.”（对于那些沉迷于物质的人来说，戒断可能是一种痛苦的经历，无论是身体还是心理上，研究发现，在优秀运动员职业生涯结束后，抑郁和焦虑是常见的。），可知成功者永远感觉不到满足，他们的满足感/幸福感是短暂的，一些优秀运动员职业生涯结束后，会抑郁和焦虑，说明成功能给成功成瘾者带来短暂的幸福和焦虑。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“Justlikewine,successinandofitselfisnotabadthing.Bothcanbringfunandsweetnesstolife.Butbothbecomebossywhentheyareasubstitutefor—insteadofacomplement(补充物)to—therelationshipsandlovethatshouldbeatthecenterofourlives.”（就像葡萄酒一样，成功本身并不是坏事。两者都能给生活带来乐趣和甜蜜。但是，当它们取代了——而不是补充——我们生活本该是关系和爱的中心时，它们就会变得专横。），可知作者认为成功本身并不是坏事，但当成功取代了我们生活中最核心的关系和爱时，成功就会变成坏事。由此推知，作者建议读者思考生活中最重要的事情。故选C项。CWhenmakingchoices,peopleassumethattheypickwhattheylike.However,researchsuggeststhatwelikesomethingstrictlybecausewehavechosenit.Inotherwords,wedislikethingswedon’tchoose.Andthisphenomenonhasexistedsincewewerebabies.Inanexperiment,USresearchersbroughtseveral10to20-month-oldbabiesintoalabandgavethemtwosamebrightandcolorfulsoftblockstoplaywith.Theyseteachblockfarapart,sothebabieshadtocrawltooneortheother—arandomchoice.Afterthebabychoseoneofthetoys,theresearcherstookitawayandcamebackwithanewoption.Thebabiescouldthenpickeitherthetoytheydidn’tplaywithbefore,orabrand-newtoy.Itturnedoutthatthebabiesreliablychosetoplaywiththenewtoyratherthantheonetheyhadnotchosen.Infollow-upexperiments,whenresearchersinsteadhelpedchoosewhichtoythebabywouldplaywith,thephenomenondisappeared.“Asiftheyweresaying,‘Hmm,Ididn’tchoosethatobjectlasttime,becauseIguessIdidn’tlikeitverymuch”saidLisaFeigenson,co-authorofthestudy.Thisisaveryimportantphenomenoninlife,Feigensonnoted.Adultswilllesslikethethingtheydidn’tchoose,eveniftheyhadnorealpreferenceinthefirstplace.Itlookslikebabiesdojustthesame.Itshowsthattheactofmakingchoiceschangeshowwefeelaboutouroptions.Therandomchoicesmightbecomeourpreferences.“Theyarereallynotchoosingbasedonwhethertheyarenovelorwhattheyprefer,”saidAlexSilver,co-authorofthestudy.Thisnewfindingexplainswhyadultsbuildunconsciouspreferencewhentheymakechoicesbetweenthesamethings.Justifying(证明有道理)choiceissomehowfundamentaltothehumanexperience.“Ichosethis,soImustlikeit.Ididn’tchoosethisotherthing,soitcannotbesogood.Adultsmaketheseinferencesunconsciously,”Feigensonsaid.Suchtendencymakessensetousasweliveinaconsumercultureandmustmakesomanychoiceseveryday,betweeneverythingfromtoothpastebrandstostylesofjeans.Next,researcherswilllookatwhethertoomanychoicescouldbeaproblemforbabiesastheycertainlyareforadults.8.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiments?A.Totestwhetherpeoplechoosewhattheylike.B.Toseewhybabiesprefernewtoystooldones.C.Toexplainhowbabiesandadultsmakechoicesdifferently.D.Tostudyiftoomanychoicescouldcreateproblemsforpeople.9.Whatcanbelearnedfromtheexperiments?A.Babiespreferbrightandcolorfultoys.B.Babies’preferencelargelyaffectstheirchoices.C.Babiespreferadultstohelpthemmakechoices.D.Babies’previousrandomchoicesaffecttheirpreference.10.Whyisthenewfindingimportantinlife?A.Itentirelychangesourstylestochoose.B.Ithelpsusmakewisedecisionsinaconsumerculture.C.Itpromotestherelationshipbetweenadultsandbabies.D.Ithelpsusunderstandourunconsciouspreferenceforchoices.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Babieslikewhattheychoose B.RandomchoicesmatterC.Toomanychoicespuzzletheadults D.Preferenceaffectsthechoice【8~11题答案】【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“However,researchsuggeststhatwelikesomethingstrictlybecausewehavechosenit.Inotherwords,wedislikethingswedon’tchoose.（然而，研究表明，我们喜欢某样东西是因为我们选择了它。换句话说，我们不喜欢我们没有选择的东西。）”可知，研究表明的是我们的喜好和我们的选择之间的关系，这也是本文要讨论的话题，由此可推断出，下文实验也是围绕这一话题进行的，目的是为了测试人们是否选择他们喜欢的东西。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段内容“Thisisaveryimportantphenomenoninlife,Feigensonnoted.Adultswilllesslikethethingtheydidn’tchoose,eveniftheyhadnorealpreferenceinthefirstplace.Itlookslikebabiesdojustthesame.”（Feigenson指出，这是生活中非常重要的现象。成年人不会喜欢他们没有选择的东西，即使他们一开始没有真正的偏好。看起来婴儿也一样。）和第六段关键句“Itshowsthattheactofmakingchoiceschangeshowwefeelaboutouroptions.Therandomchoicesmightbecomeourpreferences.（它表明做出选择的行为改变了我们对自己选择的感觉。随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好。）”可知，实验表明随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，由此可知，婴儿先前的随机选择会影响他们的偏好。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段关键句“Thisnewfindingexplainswhyadultsbuildunconsciouspreferencewhentheymakechoicesbetweenthesamethings.（这项新发现解释了为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。）”可知，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好，由此可知，这项新发现在生活中是重要的，是因为它帮助我们理解了我们对选择的无意识的偏好。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。浏览文章，结合第一段关键句“However,researchsuggeststhatwelikesomethingstrictlybecausewehavechosenit.Inotherwords,wedislikethingswedon’tchoose.Andthisphenomenonhasexistedsincewewerebabies.（然而，研究表明，我们喜欢某样东西是因为我们选择了它。换句话说，我们不喜欢我们没有选择的东西。这种现象在我们还是婴儿的时候就已经存在了。）”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。“Randomchoicesmatter”意为“随机选择很重要”，符合文章主题，最适合作文章标题。故选B项。DBrainaneurysms(脑动脉瘤)affectaboutoneinevery50Americansandcanleadtoseriousmedicalemergencies,includingstroke,braindamageanddeathiftheyburst.Existingtreatmentoptionsarelimitedandofteninvasive(扩散),andsurgicaloutcomescanvarywidelyfrompersontoperson.ResearchersatLawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratory(LLNL)havebecomethefirstteamtoproducealiving,bioprintedaneurysmoutsideofthehumanbody,performamedicalprocedureonitandobserveitrespondandhealasitwouldinanactualhumanbrain.“Whiletherearealotofpromisingtreatmentoptions,somestillhavealongwaytogo,”saidMoya,theproject’sprincipalinvestigator.Onecommontreatmentis“clipping”-attachingametalcliptothebaseoftheaneurysmtoredirectbloodflowawayandkeepitfrombursting.Theprocedureishighlyinvasive,requiringsurgeonstoopenuptheskullandexposethebrain.Amorecommonandlessinvasivetreatmentisthemetalcoiling(缠绕)approach.Thedownsideto“coiling”isthatsuccessishighlydependentonavarietyoffactors,includingthegeometryofthepatient’sbloodvessels,whichdifferfromonepersontothenext,researcherssaid.Animalmodelsaren'tnecessarilythebestwaytotryouttheseoptions,astheylackdirectobservationoftreatmenteffectsandhaveuncontrollableaneurysmgeometries.Unlikeanimalmodels,LLNL’splatformallowsscientiststodirectlymeasuretheliquid.Totakesomeoftheguessworkoutofaneurysmtreatments,Hynes,theoriginalprincipalinvestigator,realizedresearcherswouldneedawaytovalidatemorepredictive3Dmodelsthattakepatientgeometryintoaccountbybioprintingwithhumancells.Bycombiningthe3D-printedplatformwithcomputationalmodels,researcherssaidthey'vedevelopedapotentialtoolforsurgeonstopre-selectthebestcoiltypes,andperform“testruns”ofproceduresbeforeattemptingthemonthehumanpatient“What’sexcitingisthatthisplatformcopiestheactualbloodvesselsandalsoisstrongenoughtohandleacoilingprocedure.Thismakesitidealtobeusedasatrainingplatformforsurgeons.”Moyasaid.Inadditiontoatestbedforsurgicaltraining,researcherssaidtheplatformhaspotentialforimprovingtheunderstandingofbasicbiologyandthepost-surgeryhealingresponse.Whileearlyresultsarepromising,theresearcherscautionedthere'salongwaytogobeforetheplatformseesapplicationintheclinicalenvironment.12.Whatistheliving,bioprintedaneurysm?A.It’sasetofsurgicalinstrument.B.It’satissuetransplantedinhumanbody.C.It’satrainingplatformforsurgeons.D.It’satreatmentoptionforbrainaneurysms.13.What’sthedisadvantageofthe“coiling”treatmentoption?A.Theprocedureishighlyinvasive.B.Itmayleadtoseriousmedicalemergencies.C.Surgicaloutcomesvarywidelyfrompersontoperson.D.Itcompletelydependsonthegeometryofthepatient’sbloodvessels.14.Whatmakesanimalmodelsimperfecttotryoutthetreatmentoptions?A.It’sdifficulttoobserveandgatherdataonthem.B.Theyarenotstrongenoughtohandleacoilingprocedure.C.Theiraneurysmgeometriesaretotally-differentfromhuman's.D.Thepotentialresponsetothetreatmentoptionsareuncontrollable.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Thepreviousexperimentshavebeeninvain.B.Theplatformhasimprovedtheunderstandingofbasicbiology.C.Brainaneurysmscanbecuredwithoutanyriskwiththeplatform.D.Moreneedstobedonebeforeapplyingtheplatformintheclinicalenvironment.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。由于现有的治疗脑动脉瘤的方法是有限的，而且通常是侵入性的，且手术结果因人而异，故科学家一致在探索脑动脉瘤的最佳治疗方法，同时文章中分析了几种研究方法的利弊。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“……toproducealiving,bioprintedaneurysmoutsideofthehumanbody,performamedicalprocedureonitandobserveitrespondandhealasitwouldinanactualhumanbrain.(……要在人体外制造一个活的、生物打印的动脉瘤，对其进行医疗程序，观察它的反应和愈合，就像在真正的人类大脑中一样。)”对LLNL创造的这个研究方法的介绍以及第四段中“LLNL’splatformallowsscientiststodirectlymeasuretheliquid.(LLNL的平台允许科学家直接测量液体。)”可知，在人体外制造一个生物打印动脉瘤是为了方便医疗人员学习并研究治疗动脉瘤的方法。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thedownsideto“coiling”isthatsuccessishighlydependentonavarietyoffactors,includingthegeometryofthepatient’sbloodvessels,whichdifferfromonepersontothenext,researcherssaid.(研究人员说，“盘绕”的缺点是成功与否高度依赖于多种因素，包括患者血管的几何形状，每个人的血管形状都不同。)”可知，“盘绕”治疗法的缺点是成功与否高度因人而异。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“astheylackdirectobservationoftreatmenteffectsandhaveuncontrollableaneurysmgeometries.(因为他们缺乏对治疗效果的直接观察，并且动脉瘤的几何形状是不可控制的。)”可知，因为动物模型缺乏对治疗效果的直观观察，不能得到有效的数据，这一点让动物模型在试验治疗方案时不完美。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一句“Whileearlyresultsarepromising,theresearcherscautionedthere'salongwaytogobeforetheplatformseesapplicationintheclinicalenvironment.(虽然早期的结果很有希望，但研究人员警告说，该平台在临床环境中应用还有很长的路要走。)”可以推知，LLNL平台要真正投入临床应用，还需要大量的工作要做。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Findithardtogetstarted?Trythesesuggestionstohelpyouriseandshine—andbeeffectivefrommorningtillnight.●GetupearlierSleepingincanbeahardhabittobreak.Actually,itinvolvestwothings—goingtobedearlierandgettingupearlier.Startoffbygoingtobed15minutesbeforeyourusualturn-intimeandsettingyouralarmthesamenumberofminutesearlierthenextday.____16____.●HaveagoodstretchinbedBeforeyouevenopenyoureyes,stretcheveryextremity(四肢)for15seconds.Liftyourarmandbeginbystretchingeachfinger,nextyourhand,andthenyourarm.____17____.Endwithaneckandbackstretchthatgetsyououtofbed.Bydoingthis,youwillenhancetheflowofbloodthroughyoursystem,providingyourtissueswithextraoxygen.●____18____Thefewerchoicesyouhavetomake,thebetter.Beforegoingtobed,decidewhatyou’regoingtowear,workoutwhichrouteyou’lltaketoworkandwhatyou’llpackinyourbag.●ConsultyourmorningcalendarHangalargewhiteboardinyourkitchen.Onit,writedownallyouneedtoknowforthatparticularday,fromdoctorappointmentstowhatyou’redoingwithyourfriends.Checkitcarefullywhileyousipyourfirstcupofcoffeeortea.____19____.●Getmoving____20____.Butifyoucangetyourselfintothehabit,exercisinginthemorningcangiveyouenergytojump-startyourday.A.PlanaheadB.Moveontoyourtoes,feetandlegsC.ItwillhelpyoutostructureyourdayD.SpendlesstimechoosingthingswhenpackingE.MorningexercisecangetyourefreshedquicklyF.Ifyou’reanightowl,anearlymorningjogmightsoundlikepunishmentG.Graduallyresetyoursleepcycleuntilyougettoyourdesiredwake-uptime【答案】16.G17.B18.A19.C20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让你从早睡到晚都充满活力的几个小技巧。【16题详解】根据前文“Sleepingincanbeahardhabittobreak.Actually,itinvolvestwothings—goingtobedearlierandgettingupearlier.Startoffbygoingtobed15minutesbeforeyourusualturn-intimeandsettingyouralarmthesamenumberofminutesearlierthenextday.（睡懒觉是很难改掉的习惯。事实上，它包括两件事——早睡早起。从比平时早15分钟上床睡觉开始，第二天把闹钟设置得比平时早15分钟。）”可知，这里与上文构成顺承关系，是上文提到的方法带来的结果。即通过调整重置自己的睡眠周期。所以G选择项“Graduallyresetyoursleepcycleuntilyougettoyourdesiredwake-uptime.（逐渐重置你的睡眠周期，直到你达到你想要的起床时间。）”符合上下文语境。故选G项。【17题详解】根据小标题“Haveagoodstretchinbed（在床上好好舒展一下）”和前文“Liftyourarmandbeginbystretchingeachfinger,nextyourhand,andthenyourarm.（抬起你的手臂，从伸展每根手指开始，接着是你的手，然后是你的手臂。）”和下文“Endwithaneckandbackstretchthatgetsyououtofbed.（最后做一个颈部和背部伸展运动，让你起床。）”可知，这里为承上启下，继续介绍伸展肢体的部位。所以B选项“Moveontoyourtoes,feetandlegs.（接着是脚趾、脚和腿。）”符合上下文语境。故选B项。【18题详解】根据后文“Beforegoingtobed,decidewhatyou’regoingtowear,workoutwhichrouteyou’lltaketoworkandwhatyou’llpackinyourbag.（在睡觉前，决定好你要穿什么，计划好上班的路线，以及包里要装什么。）”可知，这里列举了我们睡觉前考虑的事情，包括第二天穿的衣服。所以A选项“Planahead（提前计划）”作为小标题，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】根据前文“Hangalargewhiteboardinyourkitchen.Onit,writedownallyouneedtoknowforthatparticularday,fromdoctorappointmentstowhatyou’redoingwithyourfriends.Checkitcarefullywhileyousipyourfirstcupofcoffeeortea.（在厨房里挂一块大白板。在上面，写下当天你需要知道的一切，从看医生到和朋友在一起做什么。当你喝第一杯咖啡或茶时，仔细检查它。）”可知，这里说明白板的作用，帮助你规划你的一天。所以C选项“Itwillhelpyoutostructureyourday.（它将帮助你安排你的一天。）”符合上下文语境。故选C项。【20题详解】根据小标题“Getmoving（动起来）”和后文“Butifyoucangetyourselfintothehabit,exercisinginthemorningcangiveyouenergytojump-startyourday.（但如果你能养成这个习惯，早上锻炼可以给你力量，让你开始新的一天。）”可知，这里介绍晨练的好处。所以E选择项“Morningexercisecangetyourefreshedquickly.（晨练能让你很快精神焕发。）”符合上下文语境。故选E项。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AlainaandKeith,theownersofacoffeeshop,weresurprisedtodiscoverthatsomeonehadgraffitied(涂鸦)afenceoutsidetheirshop.Butthereal____21____cameaftertheypostedabouttheincidentonFacebook.Discoveringthegraffitiontheirpropertywas____22____,AlainaandKeithdecidedtotakeamore____23____routeinsteadofcallingthe____24____.Theysharedwhathadhappenedonline,explainingthattheywere____25____togivethefenceanupdatewithamural(壁画).“Callingall____26____!”theywrote.Itwas____27____whattheyaskedfor.“Wearelookingforsomethingthatwilluplift,bringhope,and____28____ourcommunity!”Astheirpostgainedattentiononline,theyheardfromtheverypeopletheyhadleast____29____toseeagain.Onedaythree_____30_____cameintothecoffeeshop.Theylooked_____31_____,buttheyfoundthecourageto_____32_____forgraffitiingthefenceandpromisedtorepaintit.Shockedattheir_____33_____choicetoreturntotheshop,KeithandAlainainstantlychosetoforgivetheteens.Afterthegraffitiwas_____34_____,theamazingcouplereceivedacallfromShowerthePeople,acharitableorganizationinNashville.Theywere_____35_____bythecouple'sstoryandcreatedamuralforthem.Whatapowerfuldemonstrationofforgiveness!Itjustgoestoshowthatoneactofkindnesscanhaveadomino(多米诺骨牌)effect.21.A.sadness B.pressure C.guilt D.shock22.A.disappointing B.embarrassing C.confusing D.exciting23.A.adventurous B.positive C.realisticD.supportive24.A.customer B.manager C.policeD.company25.A.inspired B.persuaded C.requiredD.permitted26.A.neighbors B.doctors C.artists D.teachers27.A.confidently B.eventually C.exactly D.casually28.A.protect B.connect C.repairD.recognize29.A.arranged B.promised C.refusedD.expected30.A.teenagers B.painters C.customers D.adults31.A.terrified B.delighted C.depressedD.surprised32.A.apply B.apologize C.prepare D.stand33.A.proud B.selfless C.modest D.brave34.A.repaidfor B.brokendown C.paintedoverD.packedup35.A.touched B.amused C.defeatedD.disturbed【21~35题答案】【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.C27.C28.B29.D30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个爱与宽恕的故事，表明了善行可以产生多米诺骨牌效应。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但真正令人震惊的是，他们在Facebook上发布了这一事件。A.sadness悲伤；B.pressure压力；C.guilt内疚；D.shock震惊。根据上文“AlainaandKeith,theownersofacoffeeshop,weresurprisedtodiscoverthatsomeonehadgraffitied(涂鸦)afenceoutsidetheirshop.”可知，咖啡店店主Alaina和Keith惊讶地发现有人在他们店外的围墙上乱画。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿莱娜和基思发现自家墙上的涂鸦令人失望，他们决定采取更积极的方式，而不是报警。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。根据“Discoveringthegraffitiontheirproperty”可知，有人在自己店外的围墙上乱画，这是令人失望的。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.adventurous有冒险精神的；B.positive积极的；C.realistic现实的；D.supportive支持的。根据下文可知，Alaina和Keith并没有选择报警，而是在网上分享此事，并解释说受此启发，他们想要召集画家在围墙上画个壁画。由此可推知，他们采取一种更积极的方式对待此事。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.customer顾客；B.manager经理；C.police警察；D.company公司。尽管发现自己店外的围墙被人乱画了，但Alaina和Keith没有报警，而是决定采取另一种方式处理此事。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在网上分享了发生的事情，并解释说，他们受到启发，给栅栏画了一幅壁画。A.inspired激励，启发；B.persuaded劝说；C.required需要，要求；D.permitted允许。根据“togivethefenceanupdatewithamural(壁画).”可知，他们在网上分享了发生在他们店外围墙上的事，并解释说他们受到启发，想在围墙上画个壁画。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“呼叫所有的艺术家!”他们写道。A.neighbors邻居；B.doctors医生；C.artists艺术家；D.teachers老师。结合下文中的“Wearelookingforsomethingthatwilluplift,bringhope,and____28____ourcommunity！”可知，他们要召集所有画家。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是他们想要的。A.confidently自信地；B.eventually最终；C.exactly确切地；D.casually随意地。根据““Wearelookingforsomethingthatwilluplift,bringhope,and____28____ourcommunity!””可知，用壁画更新围墙，他们需要艺术家们，而这“正是”他们所要求的。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们正在寻找能够振奋人心、带来希望并连接我们社区的东西！”A.protect保护；B.connect连接；C.repair修理；D.recognize识别。根据“Wearelookingforsomethingthatwilluplift,bringhope”可知，此处表示正在寻找能够连接社区的东西。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他们的帖子在网上引起关注，他们收到了他们最没想到会再见到的人的来信。A.arranged安排；B.promised承诺；C.refused拒绝；D.expected期待。根据“Shockedattheir____33____choicetoreturntotheshop,KeithandAlainainstantlychosetoforgivetheteens.”可知，这几个画了涂鸦地青少年是他们最没想到会再见到的人，夫妻俩收到了他们的来信。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，三个十几岁的孩子走进咖啡店。A.teenagers青少年；B.painters画家；C.customers顾客；D.adults成年人。根据“KeithandAlainainstantlychosetoforgivetheteens.”可知，此处表示三个青少年走进咖啡店。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们看起来很害怕，但他们还是鼓起勇气为自己在围栏上乱涂乱画而道歉，并承诺会重新粉刷。A.terrified恐惧的；B.delighted高兴的；C.depressed抑郁的，沮丧的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据“buttheyfoundthecourage”可知，此处和“foundthecourage”形成转折关系，表示他们看起来很害怕。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.apply申请；B.apologize道歉；C.prepare准备；D.stand站立，忍受。根据“KeithandAlainainstantlychosetoforgivetheteens.”可知，他们鼓起勇气道歉。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：基思和阿莱娜对他们返回商店的勇敢选择感到震惊，立即选择原谅他们。A.proud骄傲的；B.selfless无私的；C.modest谦虚的；D.brave勇敢的。根据“buttheyfoundthecourageto____32____forgraffitiingthefence”可知，此处表示他们是勇敢的。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：涂鸦被粉刷后，这对了不起的夫妇接到了纳什维尔慈善组织“ShowerthePeople”的电话。A.repaidfor偿还，报答；B.brokendown出故障；C.paintedover刷油漆覆盖；D.packedup收拾行李。根据上文“promisedtorepaintit”可知，此处表示涂鸦被粉刷。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被这对夫妇的故事感动了，并为他们创作了一幅壁画。A.touched感动，触动；B.amused消遣，娱乐；C.defeated击败；D.disturbed打扰。根据上文“AlainaandKeithdecidedtotakeamore____23____routeinsteadofcallingthe____24____.”可知，他们被这对夫妇的故事感动了。故选A。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThepeopleofKiunga,Kenya,havebeenf