语法08 宾语从句（讲义）

►第08讲宾语从句（讲义）【复习目标】1.掌握宾语从句的概说和分类2.弄清宾语从句的引导词3.掌握宾语从句的时态问题4.掌握宾语从句的语序5.会运用宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法【考情分析】课标要求：近几年全国各地中考对宾语从句的考查是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。考查题型：对宾语从句的考查主要分布在改错、句子运用、完形填空、词语运用题。考查重点：1.引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择；2.宾语从句的语序；3.宾语从句的时态。宾语从句解题技巧如下:1.牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀:宾语从句需注意,几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过;从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。2.用好排除法从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考虑,逐个排查选项。宾语从句题型命题规律宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到宾语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握宾语从句的用法。【网络构建】夯基必备基础知识梳理考向一宾语从句的概说和分类概说：1.定义：在复合句中作宾语的从句是宾语从句。Ithinkeverybodylikescookies.2.分类：动词宾语从句Ithinkeverybodylikescookies.介词宾语从句Iagreewithwhatyousaidjustnow.形容词宾语从句I’mafraidIcan’taffordit.(sure,glad,sorry,happy,afraid)3.结构：主句+引导词+从句(陈述句语序：主+谓+其他)分类：根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类：1.由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.考向二宾语从句的引导词that引导陈述句作宾语从句，口语中常省略。Tellhim(that)Ihavereadthestory.Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.连词if/whether引导一般疑问句作宾语从句，表“是否”，从句陈述语序（主语在谓语之前），且口语中多用if。Doyouknowifhewillgotoschooltomorrow?Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewstoLiLei.注意：以下情况的宾语从句中，只能用whether，不能用if：引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时I’mnotsurewhethertogoortostay.HeaskedmewhetherornotIwasthirsty.当从句做介词的宾语时Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepicnic.Thepicnicwilldependonwhethertheweatherwillbefine.特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问句作宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序。Hedidn’tknowwhenhewouldleaveforshanghai.Couldyoutellmewhatiswrongwithyou?that引导的宾语从句that是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that引导的宾语从句中，that作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。一、that引导的宾语从句的用法1.位置：that引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。=1\*GB3①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：ShesaysthatshewillhelpmelearnEnglishthisevening.她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。=2\*GB3②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如：Heisagoodboyexceptthatheiscareless.他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。=3\*GB3③作＂be+形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’mhappy(that)Ipassedtheexam.我很高兴我通过了考试。2.时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较：Hesaysthathewantstoseehimassoonaspossible.他说他想尽快见到他。Hesaidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.他说他想尽快见到他。【特别提醒】当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如：Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 3.引导词that可以省略的几种情况：引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：Shesaid(that)shewouldcometothemeeting.她说过要来开会的。Ipromiseyou(that)Iwillbethere.我答应你我会去的。Ihoped(that)Iwould/shouldsucceed.我曾希望我会成功。Hethinks(that)theywillgivehimavisa.他想他们会给他签证。Hethought(that)theywouldgivehimavisa.他本想他们会给他签证。Iexpect(that)theplanewillbediverted.我料想飞机会改变航线。【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略：ThatsheisagoodgirlIknow.她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。4.引导词that不能省略的几种情况：that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。=1\*GB3①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；Weknowthatisaninterestingfilm.我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。=2\*GB3②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：Hetoldme(that)theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。=3\*GB3③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。5.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoZhangdidnotcomeyesterday.小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。6.宾语从句的否定转移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如：=1\*GB3①我认为今晚他不能来。【误】Ithinkhecan’tcomethisevening.【正】Idon’tthinkhecancomethisevening.=2\*GB3②他认为我们现在不在教室里。【误】Hedoesn’tthinkweareintheclassroomnow.【正】Hethinkswearenotintheclassroomnow.【特别警示】含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如：Idon’tthinkheisright,ishe?我认为他不对，是吗？HethinksIcancome,doesn’the?他认为我能来，是不是？7.如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如：Wefindthatheseldomgoestovisithismother,doeshe?我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？8.that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把Itissaidthat...（据ItissaidthatheisfromCanada.据说他来自加拿大。疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词when,who,what,where,whatever,how，which,why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。主句宾语从句DoyouknowhowoldLizis?你知道兹几岁吗?IknowhowoldLizis.我知道莉兹几岁。Idon’tknowhowoldLizis.我不知道莉兹几岁。宾语从句＂howoldLizis＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Lizis)。②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句WhenisAnngoingtolran?安什么时候去伊朗？→Doyouknowwhen_Ann_is_going_to_lran?你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？→Idon’tknowwhen_Ann_is_going_to_lran.我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。WhatshouldIdo?我该怎么办？→Canyoutellmewhat_I_should_do?你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？→Pleasetellmewhat_I_should_do.请告诉我，我该怎么办。WherehasRongone?朗去了哪里？→Doyouknowwhere_Ron_has_gone?你知道朗去了哪里吗？→Idon’tknowwhere_Ron_has_gone.我不知道朗去了哪里。③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。WheredidIputmyweddingring?我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？→Doyouknowwhere_I_put_my_wedding_ring?你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？→Idon’trememberwhereIputmyweddingring.我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。WhatdoesSuethinkaboutLulu?苏对露露的看法是什么？→DoyouknowwhatSuethinksaboutLulu?你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？→IknowwhatSuethinksaboutLulu.我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。注意：（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：Howmuchdoesthiscoatcost?→Iwanttoknowhowmuchthiscoatcosts.Wheredidyougoyesterday?→Pleasetellmewhereyouwentyesterday.（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。What’swrongwithyou?怎么了？→Heaskedthegirlwhatwaswrongwithher.What’sthematter?怎么了？→Heaskedthegirlwhatwasthematter.Whathashappenedtohim?→Wewanttoknowwhathashappenedtohim.if/whether引导的宾语从句当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，findout，beuncertain/doubtful/benotknown等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if或whether两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。Iwonderif/whetherheisadriver.我想知道他是不是个司机。Alicewantstoknowif/whethershehaspassedtheexam.爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。Lilyaskedif/whethershelikedit.莉莉问她是否喜欢它。Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.我想知道他是否住在这儿。Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.他问我是否可以帮助他。【拓展】一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if，而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。1.与or连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择,特别是句中有ornot时用whether，不用if。Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.我不知道他们是否会来。Idon’tknowwhetherheiswrongorsheiswrong.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.I

don’t

know

whether

he

will

win

or

not.

I

will

write

to

you

whether

or

not

I

can

come

/

whether

I

can

come

or

not.2.在动词不定式之前只能用whether。Hedoesn’tknowwhethertogoornot.他不知道是否会去。Pleasetelluswhethertogothereorstayhere.请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。Whethertogoorstayisstillaquestion.I’mnotsurewhethertostayorleave.Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.3.在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。ItdependsonwhetherIhaveenoughtime.那取决于我是否有足够的时间。Successdependsonwhetherwemakeenougheffort.Ihaven’tsettledthequestionofwhetherI’llgobackhome.Itdependsonwhethertheletterarrivesintime.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.4.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。Whetherthisistrue,Ican’tsay.Whetherheissingle,Idon’tknow.Whetherthisistrue,Ican’tsay.Whetherheissingle,Idon’tknow.5.在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.（虚拟语气）Wediscussedwhetherweshouldgotherebyplane.（虚拟语气）Wediscussedwhetherweshouldholdameeting.（虚拟语气）6.在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。HeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishedmywork.注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’tdoubt意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。考向三宾语从句的时态如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。Irememberhegavemeabookyesterday.Hehastoldmethathe’llleaveforNewYorktomorrow.Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。Hetoldmethathewouldtakepartinthehighjump.Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheUSsoon.3.如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.Hetoldmethattheearthisround.考向四宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。1.陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasanhonestboy.2.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.考向五宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法1.宾语从句的否定前置think,believe,suppose,consider,imagine等动词后的宾语从句如果是否定句，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。否定前置的前提是：主句主语是第一人称，时态为一般现在时。Ithink.+Hehasnotimetoplaywiththegirl.→I_don’t_thinkhehastimetoplaywiththegirl.Shethinks.+Shecan’tarrivehereontime.→She_thinks_she_can’tarrivehereontime.2.宾语从句变反意疑问句在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think,believe,suppose,consider等。Ithoughtitwaslate,wasn’t_it?Idon'tthinkhewillcome,will_he？3.宾语从句的转化（1）当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+todo）。Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.（2）当主句谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.（3）当主句谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepark?→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?（4）当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.提升必考题型归纳一、单项选择1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—Hi,Steve.Doyouknow________?—No,hedidn’tsay.—Well,tellhim________tomyofficeassoonashegetsback,willyou?A．whereTomwas;tovisit B．whereTomhasgone;tocomeC．wherehasTomgone;tovisit D．wherewasTom;tocome2．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Theteachersaidthatshe________ustotheparkthenextday.A．willtake B．hastaken C．wouldtake D．istaking3．（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）—Iwonder________.—Yes,manyyoungpeoplelikeitverymuch.A．howdoChinesepeopledance B．wherecanChinesepeopledanceC．howmanypeoplelikeChinesedance D．whetherChinesedanceispopular4．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—Canyoutellme________?—Neverspendtoomuchtimeonscreens.A．howwecanhavehealthyeyesB．whyweshouldprotectoureyesC．howcanwehavebrighteyes5．（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）—Couldyoupleasetellme________?

—Withpleasure.Waitamoment,please.A．ifthescarflookedniceonme B．whatisthenowproductlikeC．howIcanorderarobotonline D．whodidyoumeet6．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）—Mum,doyouknow________anengineer?—That’sinteresting.Iguessyouoftenfixthingsforothersinyourschool.A．whymyclassmatescallmeB．whatmyclassmatescallmeC．howmyclassmatescallme7．（2023·安徽·统考模拟预测）—Iremember_________musicwasplayedthefirsttimeIsawmybestfriend.—Iguessitwasthemusicwearelisteningtonow.A．why B．what C．when D．where8．（2023·安徽宣城·安徽省宣城市第三中学校考模拟预测）—Doyouknow________ithappened?—I’mnotsure.Maybetenminutesago.A．why B．where C．how D．when9．（2023·安徽芜湖·校联考模拟预测）—Iwonder________youarecollectingoldbooksatschool.—Becausewewanttogivethemawaytochildreninmountainousareas.A．how B．why C．when D．whether10．（2023·海南省直辖县级单位·统考模拟预测）—Doyouknow________.—InWenchangSpaceLaunchCenter.A．whenChinalaunched(发射)theTianzhou6spaceshipB．whereChinalaunchedtheTianzhou6spaceshipC．howChinalaunchedtheTianzhou6spaceship11．（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）—Ihavetwoticketsforthecomingconcert.Iwonder________.—Yes,I’dloveto.A．howwecangotheretogetherB．whetheryoucangowithmeC．whenweshouldgothere12．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）—Canyoutellme________?

—Heiskindandgenerous.Healwayshelpsothers.A．whatyourbuddylikesB．whatyourbuddyislikeC．whatdoesyourbuddylooklike13．（2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测）DuringtheCOVID-19epidemic,weweremovedby________.A．whatdidthedoctorsandnursesdoB．whatthedoctorsandnursesdidC．whatthedoctorsandnurseswilldo14．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）—Canyoutellme________?—Theyaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheyuselessenergy.A．whatadvantageelectriccarshaveB．whopreferstobuytheelectriccarsC．whydosomepeoplepreferelectriccars15．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·考模拟预测）Shewonders__________.A．thatshecanlearntablemannerswellB．whetherisitpolitetoeatwithhandsC．howwearesupposedtobehaveatthetableinJapanD．whathewoulddoifhelivesalone16．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）—Iwonder________tousethismachine.—Youshouldreadtheinstructionscarefully.A．when B．what C．how17．（2023·福建三明·统考模拟预测）—Whatanewsweepingrobot!Canyoutellme________?—Justthedaybeforeyesterday.A．whereyouboughtitB．whenyouboughtitC．howyouboughtit18．（2023·海南海口·海南中学校考模拟预测）—Whocantellme________?Ican’tfindhim.—Look!Heisplayingbasketballwithhisclassmatesthere.A．wheremysonis B．wheremydogis C．whattheboyis19．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—Ofcourse.It’stenminutes’ridefromhere.A．whereisWuyiSquareB．howfarmytripistoZuohaiParkC．howlongitwilltakemetotheWestLake20．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）—WillTonygoskiingwithusthisSaturday?—Sorry,Idon’tknowifhe________.ButIknowhe________interestinsports.A．willgo;is B．goes;hasno C．willgo;hasno21．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）—Linda,mayIknow________?—Certainly.I’mgoingtothecountrysidetovisitmygrandparents.A．whyyouwillvisityourgrandparentsB．howyouplantospendyourweekendC．whoyouaregoingtothecountrysidewith22．（2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模）—Idon’tknow________toincreasemyreadingspeed.Couldyouhelpme?—Ofcourse.Youcanreadfasterbyreadingwordgroup.A．what B．why C．how D．where23．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）—Thelightintheprofessor’slabwasstillonat11o’clock.Doyouknow_______?—Maybeatmidnight.A．howlonghasheworked B．whyhestaysupsolateC．whohewillworkwith D．whenhestoppedworking24．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）—Whatdidyourparentssaytoyoujustnow?—Theyaskedme________.A．whydidIlookunhappythen B．whereIwillspendmysummerholidayC．ifIenjoyedmyselfattheparty D．whendidIattendthegraduationparty25．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模）Theteachertoldusthatthemoon________aroundtheearth.A．moved B．moves C．wasmoving D．hadmoved二、语法填空（2023·广东汕头·统考一模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。MyparentstookmetoJapanwhenIwaslittle.Ilivedthereforfiveyears.____26____Icameback,myJapanesewasverygood.“CanIdosomethingusefulwithmyJapanese?”Iaskedmyself.Then,onedaylastspring,Igot____27____goodopportunity.EveryonewasafraidofSARS,soIstayedathomewith____28____todo.MyfatherboughtmeaJapanesebook.“Whydon’tyoutranslateitintoChinese?Itwillbebetterthan____29____computergamesallday.”Ipromisedtodo2,000wordseachday.ButlaterIfounditwashardtokeepthepromise.OnedayinMay,theweatherwasbeautiful.ButIcouldn’tgoout.Those2000wordswerestill____30____me.Aftertranslatingonlythreepages,Ialreadylostinterestinthebook.Ilookedatitforalongtime.ButIcouldn’tmakemyselfturnthepages.____31____IwishedIcouldjustgooutsideandplayfootballwithmyfriends!Thewords____32____bymeagainandagain.Ijustwantedtogiveup.Ifeltasiftwopeoplewerefighting____33____mymind.Onesaid,“Don’tgiveup!Keepworkinghard,andyou’lldowell!”Butthentheotheronesaid,“Goandplay!Itwillbe____34____thantranslating.Doyourworktomorrow.”Istoodupandwouldturnoffthecomputer.ButthenIremembered____35____myparentshadtoldme,“Whateveryoudo,don’tstophalfway.”SoIsatdownandwentonwithit.26．A．Because B．When C．Since27．A．an B．the C．a28．A．nothing B．something C．everything29．A．beplayed B．playing C．played30．A．waitedfor B．beenwaitedfor C．waitingfor31．A．What B．Whata C．How32．A．werecounted B．counted C．arecounted33．A．in B．with C．about34．A．themostinterestingB．moreinterestingC．interesting35．A．how B．where C．what三、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Growingup,Iwasatry-hardinschool.IfIdidn’tgetstraightA’s,Iwouldbesohardonmyself.IdrovemyselfintoadarkplacethatIwasstillrecovering___36___.Lastyearwasmyfreshmanyearofcollege.Inmyfirstsemester,IdrovemyselfintothegroundandgotaGPAof3.8.Inmysecondsemester,thingsstopped___37___(go)myway.Iwassick,mentallyandemotionally.IgotmyfirstCever.Ithoughtgeographyhadruinedmylife,but___38___(actual),maybethatchangedmylife.Itwasn’tuntilmysophomoreyear___39___IrealizedthatIneededhelp.Ialwaystriedtohidemy___40___(anxious)butitcametothepointwhereIcouldn’tpretendthatIwasOKanymore.___41___(admit)IneededhelpwasthebestthingthatIeverdidformyself.Nowwithallofthisbeingsaid,Iwanttomake___42___veryclearthatIstillalwaysgive100percent.Butthingsaredifferentnow.IknowmylimitsandIunderstand___43___(I)more.Inolongerhavea(an)___44___(health)relationshipwithschoolandreallyIamlearningmorenowthaneverbefore.IamsoexcitedtoshowthecompanythathiresmeeverythingIhavetooffer.Iam___45___(confidence)thateventhoughIamnotastraight-Astudent,Ihavemoretoofferthanmygrades.四、补全对话（2023·吉林松原·统考模拟预测）A:Hi,Grace.Lovelyweather,isn’tit?B:Yes,socool!Let’sgotoschooltogether.A:Sure.Whatareyougoingtodoafterclass?B:Ihavenoidea.____46____A:I’llhaveamathexamnextweek.Iwanttolookforsomeimportantbooksandstudyinthelibrary.____47____B:Sure.I’dloveto.Ineedtoreturnsomebookstothelibrary.____48____A:Great.Wecanplaybadmintonafterthat.B:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.____49____A:Well,that’sagoodquestion.Ihaven’tplayeditforseveralweeks.____50____B:OK.Let’smakeit.Oh,it’salmost8:00.Let’shurry.A．OK,I’dliketo.B．Wouldyouliketojoinme?C．Whataboutyou?D．IthinkIneedmorepractice.E．Areyougoodatbadminton?F．Youusedtolikesports,didn’tyou?G．AndIcanalsoreadsomemagazinesthere.真题感悟1．（2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）Thisfamoussaying“WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,theymayservemeasmyteachers”tellsus________.A．howshouldwetreatpeople B．whowecanlearnfromC．whatdidwesayinpublic D．whyweneedteachers2．（2023·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—Manystudentsdidwellinthisexam.Iwonder________.—Throughtheirownefforts.A．whydidtheygetasuccess B．whattheylearnedfromitC．whethertheytriedtheirbest D．howtheymadeitfinally3．（2023·甘肃白银·统考中考真题）—Doyouknow________?—Yes,there’sonehere.It’sinthestore.A．whomheistalkingwith B．whenIcangettothehotelC．howtousethemachine D．ifthere’sarestroomaroundhere4．（2023·四川泸州·统考中考真题）—DoyouknowLiuCixin,thewriterofafamoussciencefictionSanTi?Iwonder________.—InJune,1963.A．whenwasheborn B．wherehewasbornC．whenhewasborn D．wherewasheborn5．（2023·天津·统考中考真题）—Doyouremember________?—Sure.OntheeveningofMayDay.A．howwegottotheJiefangBridge B．howdidwegettotheJiefangBridgeC．whentheJiefangBridgeopeneditself D．whendidtheJiefangBridgeopenitself6．（2023·云南·统考中考真题）—Doyouknow________?—Yes,inHangzhou,abeautifulcityinZhejiangProvince.A．whenwillthe19thAsianGamesbeheld B．whenthe19thAsianGameswillbeheldC．wherewillthe19thAsianGamesbeheld D．wherethe19thAsianGameswillbeheld7．（2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）—Sarah,doyouknow________?—It’sonApril23.A．whatisWorldBookDay B．whatWorldBookDayisC．whenisWorldBookDay D．whenWorldBookDayis8．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）—Doyouknow________theDragonBoatFestivalisthisyear?—Sorry,Idon’tknowtheexactdate.A．how B．why C．when9．（2023·四川自贡·统考中考真题）—Iwanttoknow________yougottoZigongyesterday.—Byhigh-speedtrain.A．where B．how C．when10．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme________?Iwanttogoshoppingwithyou.—MaybenextSaturdayafternoon.A．whenareyougoingtoLuofuPlazaB．whenyouwenttoLuofuPlazaC．whenyouaregoingtoLuofuPlaza11．（2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题）—Excuseme,doyouknow________?Thebushasjustleft.—Yes.Thenextbuswillarriveinhalfanhour.A．howIcangettothebusstationB．iftherewillbeanotherbusC．howmuchabusticketcosts12．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）—I’mwondering________atalowprice.—YoucanbookonethroughourofficialAPP.A．howIcanbuytheairticket B．howcanIbuytheairticketC．whenIcanbuytheairticket D．whencanIbuytheairticket13．（2023·湖南怀化·统考中考真题）—Jenny,doyouknow______?—SheisfromCanada.A．whereisthewomaninredfromB．wherethewomaninredisfromC．whatthewomaninredlikes

►第08讲宾语从句（讲义）提升必考题型归纳一、单项选择1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—Hi,Steve.Doyouknow________?—No,hedidn’tsay.—Well,tellhim________tomyofficeassoonashegetsback,willyou?A．whereTomwas;tovisit B．whereTomhasgone;tocomeC．wherehasTomgone;tovisit D．wherewasTom;tocome【答案】B【详解】句意：——你好，史蒂夫。你知道汤姆去哪儿了吗？——不，他没说。——好吧，告诉他一回来就来我办公室，可以吗？考查宾语从句和动词辨析。第一处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除CD。visit拜访；come来。根据“tellhim...tomyofficeassoonashegetsback”可知，告诉他一回来就来我办公室。故选B。2．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Theteachersaidthatshe________ustotheparkthenextday.A．willtake B．hastaken C．wouldtake D．istaking【答案】C【详解】句意：老师说她第二天将带我们去公园。考查时态。根据“Theteachersaidthatshe…ustotheparkthenextday.”可知，句子为主从复合句，主句时态为一般过去时，that引导的宾语从句应遵循“主过从必过”原则；结合时间状语“thenextday”可知，从句应用过去将来时（woulddo）。故选C。3．（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模拟预测）—Iwonder________.—Yes,manyyoungpeoplelikeitverymuch.A．howdoChinesepeopledance B．wherecanChinesepeopledanceC．howmanypeoplelikeChinesedance D．whetherChinesedanceispopular【答案】D【详解】句意：——我想知道中国舞是否流行。——是的，很多年轻人都非常喜欢。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“Yes,manyyoungpeoplelikeit”可知此处询问是否喜欢，用whether引导宾语从句。故选D。4．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—Canyoutellme________?—Neverspendtoomuchtimeonscreens.A．howwecanhavehealthyeyesB．whyweshouldprotectoureyesC．howcanwehavebrighteyes【答案】A【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我们怎样才能拥有健康的眼睛吗？——永远不要在屏幕上花太多时间。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除C；根据“Neverspendtoomuchtimeonscreens”可知此次询问方式，用how引导宾语从句。故选A。5．（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）—Couldyoupleasetellme________?

—Withpleasure.Waitamoment,please.A．ifthescarflookedniceonme B．whatisthenowproductlikeC．howIcanorderarobotonline D．whodidyoumeet【答案】C【详解】句意：——请问你能告诉我怎么在网上订购机器人吗？——我很乐意。请稍等。考查宾语从句。根据“Couldyoupleasetellme”可知，空格处是宾语从句，宾语从句应为陈述语序，故排除选项B和D。结合语境和“Couldyouplease...”可知，此处could表委婉语气，不表过去时态，A选项不应该用一般过去时态。故选C。6．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）—Mum,doyouknow________anengineer?—That’sinteresting.Iguessyouoftenfixthingsforothersinyourschool.A．whymyclassmatescallmeB．whatmyclassmatescallmeC．howmyclassmatescallme【答案】A【详解】句意：——妈妈，你知道为什么我的同学们叫我工程师吗？——这很有趣。我猜你在学校经常帮别人修东西。考查宾语从句。根据“Iguessyouoftenfixthingsforothersinyourschool.”可知询问妈妈是否知道自己被叫作工程师的原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选A。7．（2023·安徽·统考模拟预测）—Iremember_________musicwasplayedthefirsttimeIsawmybestfriend.—Iguessitwasthemusicwearelisteningtonow.A．why B．what C．when D．where【答案】B【详解】句意：——我记得第一次见到我最好的朋友时播放的什么音乐。——我想是我们现在正在听的音乐。考查连词辨析。why为什么；what什么；when当；where哪里。由“…musicwasplayedthefirsttimeIsawmybestfriend”可知，此处指的是放的音乐是什么。故选B。8．（2023·安徽宣城·安徽省宣城市第三中学校考模拟预测）—Doyouknow________ithappened?—I’mnotsure.Maybetenminutesago.A．why B．where C．how D．when【答案】D【详解】句意：——你知道什么时候发生的吗？——我不确定。大概十分钟前。考查宾语从句引导词。why为什么；where哪里；how怎样；when什么时候。根据“Maybetenminutesago.”可知询问时间。故选D。9．（2023·安徽芜湖·校联考模拟预测）—Iwonder________youarecollectingoldbooksatschool.—Becausewewanttogivethemawaytochildreninmountainousareas.A．how B．why C．when D．whether【答案】B【详解】句意：——我想知道你为什么在学校收集旧书。——因为我们想把它们送给山区的孩子们。考查宾语从句连接词。how如何；why为什么；when什么时候；whether是否。根据“Becausewewanttogivethemawaytochildreninmountainousareas.”可知是询问原因，应用why。故选B。10．（2023·海南省直辖县级单位·统考模拟预测）—Doyouknow________.—InWenchangSpaceLaunchCenter.A．whenChinalaunched(发射)theTianzhou6spaceshipB．whereChinalaunchedtheTianzhou6spaceshipC．howChinalaunchedtheTianzhou6spaceship【答案】B【详解】句意：——你知道中国在哪里发射了天舟六号宇宙飞船吗？——在文昌航天发射中心。考查宾语从句引导词。根据答语“InWenchangSpaceLaunchCenter.”，可知发射地点是在“文昌航天发射中心”；分析问句，是宾语从句，答语是“地点”，宾语从句引导词应用where，故选B。11．（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）—Ihavetwoticketsforthecomingconcert.Iwonder________.—Yes,I’dloveto.A．howwecangotheretogetherB．whetheryoucangowithmeC．whenweshouldgothere【答案】B【详解】句意：——我有两张即将举行的音乐会的票。我想知道你是否可以和我一起去。——是的，我愿意。考查宾语从句和交际用语。howwecangotheretogether我们一起如何去那里；whetheryoucangowithme你是否可以和我一起去；whenweshouldgothere我们什么时候应该去那儿。根据“Yes,I’dloveto.”可知对方回答愿意，所以应是问“是否想一起去”。故选B。12．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）—Canyoutellme________?

—Heiskindandgenerous.Healwayshelpsothers.A．whatyourbuddylikesB．whatyourbuddyislikeC．whatdoesyourbuddylooklike【答案】B【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你的朋友是什么样的人吗？——他很友好且慷慨，他总是帮助别人。考查宾语从句和情景交际。whatyourbuddylikes你的朋友喜欢什么；whatyourbuddyislike你的朋友是什么样的人；whatdoesyourbuddylooklike你的朋友长什么样。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除C；由答语“Heiskindandgenerous.Healwayshelpsothers.”可知，问句问的是人的性格，belike表示“如何；怎样”，说明人的性格等内在品质。故选B。13．（2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测）DuringtheCOVID-19epidemic,weweremovedby________.A．whatdidthedoctorsandnursesdoB．whatthedoctorsandnursesdidC．whatthedoctorsandnurseswilldo【答案】B【详解】句意：在新冠疫情期间，我们被医生和护士的所作所为所感动。考查宾语从句。根据“weweremovedby...”及选项可知，此处考查宾语从句；宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除A选项；再根据“weremoved”可知，主句时态为一般过去时，故宾语从句要用过去时态。故选B。14．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）—Canyoutellme________?—Theyaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheyuselessenergy.A．whatadvantageelectriccarshaveB．whopreferstobuytheelectriccarsC．whydosomepeoplepreferelectriccars【答案】A【详解】句意：—