重难点11 主从复合句

重难点11主从复合句命题趋势中考英语对主从复合句的考查集中在单项选择题、完形填空、短文填空题。考查重点包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。本专题目的在于帮助学生梳理主从复合句的用法，以帮助同学们高效复习。重难诠释宾语从句用法详解：宾语从句是在主从复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。如Rosesaidshewouldvisitussometimenextweek.露丝说她下星期某时会来看我们。↓↓主句从句(宾语从句)Couldyoutellmewhereheisfrom?你能告诉我他来自哪里吗？↓↓主句从句(宾语从句)考点1：引导词的选用(1).陈述句的引导词用that，常可省略。IamgoingtomeetmynetfriendsinGuangzhou.Hesaid.→HesaidthathewasgoingtomeethisnetfriendsinGuangzhou.他说他将要在广州见他的网友。(2).一般疑问句的引导词用if/whether(是否)。（后有or、ornot时只用whether）Wouldyouliketoplaybasketballwithme?Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedtoplaybasketballwithhim.他问我是否会和他去打篮球。Isitafasttrainoraslowlyone?Iwantedtoknow.→Iwantedtoknowwhetheritwasafasttrainoraslowlyone.我想知道这是快车还是慢车。(3).特殊疑问句的引导词用特殊疑问词。Howoldareyou?Theywanttoknow.→Theywanttoknowhowoldyouare.他们想知道你多大年纪了。Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?Heaskedme.→HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodothisafternoon.他问我今天下午要做什么。考点2：语序(宾语从句中从句要用陈述句语序，即从句中的第1动词在主语之后）HeaskedJane:“Whydon’tyoucome”?疑问语序(第1动词don’t在主语you之前)HeaskedJanewhyshedidn’tcomelastnight.他问简恩为什么昨晚她不来。陈述语序(第1动词didn’t在主语you之后)LucywantedtoknowifIcouldmakeacakeforyou.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。特殊：①.What’swrongwith…在宾语从句中不变语序。如：Iwanttoknowwhat’swrongwithyou.我想知道你怎么啦。②.引导词在从句中做主语时，语序不变。如：Jackaskedmewhowouldgiveusthelecturethisafternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。(who是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词wouldgive的主语，本身己是陈述语序，不需再变。)考点3：时态口诀：主现从实，主过从过，真理除外(1).主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。“Johnspeakshighlyofyou.”Tomtellsme.→TomtellsmethatJohnspeakshighlyofme.汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells,是一般现在时，从句原时态是speaks,在这里还是用speaks)(2).主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态。“Whenshallwehavethemeeting?”Theboyasked.→Theboyaskedwhentheyshouldhavethemeeting.男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。(主句用asked，是一般过去时，从句用相应的某种过去时，这里shall→should)(3).从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Theteachertoldthestudents.→Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。(主句用told,为一般过去时，但从句中theearthgoesaroundthesun是客观事实，所以时态还用一般现在时，不用变)Jimaskedmewhetherthelighttravelsfasterthanthesound.考点4.宾语从句的注意问题（1）宾语从句与简单句的转换：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，从句可以简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如：Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon’tknowwhattodonext.我不知道接下来要做什么。（2）宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句谓语动词think，suppose，believe等后接宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称，变否定句时应否定主句。如：Idon’tthinkyouareright.我认为你不对。状语从句常见的状语从句可分为：时间、条件、地点、原因、方式、让步、比较、结果、目的等从句，由不同的引导词引导。考点一：时间状语从句引导词用法例句whenwhen引导的时间状语从句中既可接延续性动词，也可接非延续性动词，多用一般过去时TheyweretalkinghappilywhenIwalkedpastthedoor.当我从门前走过，他们正在开心地聊天。whilewhile强调主句和从句动作同时发生，所引导的时间状语从句只能用延续性动词，多用进行时态。MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.当妈妈在做饭的时候，我在做作业。not…until主句的谓语动词为非延续性动词，主句要用否定式，从句用肯定式。Thebuswon’tstartuntileverybodygetson.公共汽车直到每个人都上车才会发动。since主句谓语动词一般用现在完成时，从句谓语动词一般用一般过去时。Fiveyeashaspassedsincewesaweachotherlasttime.距离我们上次见面已经五年过去了。beforebefore引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。Weturnedoffthelightbeforeweleft.我们在离开前关了灯。afterafter引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。Hewenttobedafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就去睡觉了。assoonas若主句为一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来。IwilltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.我一看见他，就会告诉他这个消息。考点二：条件状语从句条件状语从句的引导词主要有if和unless，两者可转换。在条件状语从句中，从句常用一般现在时表将来，即主将从现。如：Youwillfailtheexamifyoudon’tworkhard.=Youwillfailtheexamunlessyouworkhard.如果不努力学习，你考试会不及格的。考点三：原因状语从句原因状语从句的引导词有because，since，as等。注意：1.because和so不能同时使用。如：Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.他昨天没来上学，因为他生病了。2.since引导原因状语从句表示显然的或已为人知的理由，表示“因为，既然”如：sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.既然大家都到期了，我们就开始吧。考点四：让步状语从句让步状语从句的引导词有though/although，eventhough/if等。注意：though/although与but不能同时出现在一个句子里。如：Thoughheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。考点五：结果状语从句结果状语从句的引导词有so/such…that…等。（1）区分两种句式：①so+adj./adv.+that…②such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that…如：TomissocleverthathelearnsChinesewell.=TomissuchacleverboythathelearnsChinesewell.汤姆如此聪明，语文学得很好。（2）注意：当名词前有much，many，little，few等词修饰时，只能用so。如：Youcan’tspendsomuchtimeoncomputergames.你不能花这么多时间在网络游戏上。考点六：目的状语从句目的状语从句的引导词有sothat，inorderthat等。如：Hestoodupsothat/inorderthathecouldseetheblackboardclearly.他站起来，以便能清楚地看到黑板。注意：目的状语从句中一般都含有表示可能性的词语，如coule,will,would,can等。定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句如：Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.↓↓↓先行词引导词从句（定语从句）2.关系词的选用：关系代词指代在定从中所作成分例句which物主语宾语Lucylikesmusicwhichisgentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。that人、物主语宾语Lucylikesmusicthatisgentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。Thegirlthathaslonghairishissister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。who人主语宾语Thegirlwhohaslonghairishissister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。whom人宾语Heisthestudentthat/who/whomIlikebest.他是我最喜欢的学生whose人的，物的定语Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.我喜欢那些话题是历史的书3、关系词的省略：关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略如：Thecartoons(that/which)Ilikehavelotsofjokes.我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisinteresting.我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。4.关系代词只能用that的情况(1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that如:Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheycouldn’tremember.(2)当先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that.如:Sayallthatyouknow/IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?(3)当先行词有theone,thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who).如：That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow./Thesearethevery(adj.恰好的)wordsthatheused.(4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.如：ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveread.(5)当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.如：WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?5.关系代词只能用which的情况(1)先行词有指示代词（that/this/these/those）修饰如：Iamreadingthatbookwhichyoureadyesterday.我在看你昨天看的那本书(2)引导词前有介词如：Theschoolcampusinwhichwestudyeverydayisbeautiful.我们学习的校园很漂亮。6.定语从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与先行词保持一致。其中，“oneof+复数名词”作先行词时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Heisthemanwho/thatlivesnextdoor.他就是住在隔壁的那个男人HeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswhohavebeentoGermany.他是班上去过德国的学生之一重难通关练（2023中考真题建议用时：15分钟）1．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Wildanimalswillbeingreatdanger________weprotectthemtogether.A．if B．but C．unless2．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）YuGongMovesaMountainisthebeststory________Ihaveeverread.A．who B．where C．that3．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—Iwonder________mynewclassmates.—Bycommunicatingwiththemmore.A．whatcanIlearnfrom B．whenIcanlearnfromC．wherecanItalkwith D．howIcangetonwith4．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）—Iwonder________.—Yes,ittastesreallygood.A．wholikeseatingzongziB．ifthiskindofzongziisdeliciousC．whereIcanbuythiskindofzongziD．howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi5．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）Atruefriendisaperson________reachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.A．who B．whom C．which D．whose6．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—Asateenager,doyouknow________whenyouareintrouble?—Yes.Icanaskmyparents,teachersoranyotheradultItrust.A．whoyoucanaskforhelp B．howcanyouaskforhelpC．whocanyouaskforhelp D．howyoucanaskforhelp7．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）Ourteacherasksustoreadnewspaperseveryday________wecanfindoutwhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.A．sothat B．eventhough C．inorderto D．assoonas8．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—ChenDan,doyouknow________?—BusNo.3willtakeyouthere.A．whatisStarParklike B．whatStarParkislikeC．howcanIgettoStarPark D．howIcangettoStarPark9．（2023·甘肃甘南·中考真题）—IwonderifLiHua________tothehospitaltoreceivethevaccination（疫苗接种）.—Iamsurehewillifhe________time.A．goes;willhave B．willgo;has C．willgo;willhave10．（2023·西藏·中考真题）—Couldyoutellme________?—Sure.Iwillshowyouthesteps.A．howcanIpayonline B．whatcanIpayonlineC．howIcanpayonline D．whatIcanpayonline11．（2023·西藏·中考真题）SuBingtianisaplayer________runsfastestinChinaatpresent.A．which B．who C．what D．where12．（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—Iwonder________.—Thereisanewparkinglotacrossthestreetfromhere.A．whereIcanparkmycar B．wherecanIparkmycarC．howlongIshouldparkmycar D．howlongshouldIparkmycar13．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutQuQiubai?Ineedtoknowabout________.A．howmanybooksdidhepublish B．thathestudiedandworkedinRussiaC．whichpartofChangzhoudidhelivein D．whatforeignlanguageshecouldspeak14．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Asweliveinarapidlydevelopingworld,wewillbeleftbehind________wekeeplearning.A．unless B．if C．after D．though15．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）Historyismyfavoritesubject________it’sveryinteresting.A．if B．though C．when D．because16．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）________youcan’tworkouttheproblem,perhapsyouneedtoaskyourclassmatesforhelp.A．Unless B．Though C．Since D．Whether17．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Foroursafety,wemustkeepawayfromthetallbuildings________thewindblowshard.A．if B．although C．so18．（2023·湖南益阳·中考真题）—PleasegivetheChinesebooktoLinda.—OK.________Iseeher,Iwillgiveittoher.A．Assoonas B．Unless C．Before19．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）Let’stakethesimplestepstoday________wewillsavetheworldforourgrandsonsandgranddaughterstomorrow.A．unless B．until C．sothat D．though20．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Benbelieveshe________acollegestudentin3years.A．becomes B．became C．willbecome D．hasbecome21．（2023·四川雅安·中考真题）—Lucy,theDragonBoatFestivaliscoming.Iwanttolearnhowtomakezongzi.—OK.Ifmygrandma________freetomorrow,shewillteachus.A．is B．are C．am D．willbe22．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Lily,canyoutellme________duringtheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear?—Sure.Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.A．whatyouwilldo B．whatyoudidC．whatwillyoudo D．whatdidyoudo23．（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）—MissWang,what’sthemostimportantthing________wegotravelling?—Youshouldmakeaplanfirst.A．while B．before C．after24．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）Itisreallydangerous_______peopleruntheredtrafficlight.A．if B．unless C．though D．until25．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou,________Idon’tknowwhattostartwithyet.A．whether B．since C．though D．until26．（2023·新疆·中考真题）LotsofChineseyoungpeople___________werebornafter1995usedoor-to-doorcookingtosavetime.A．that B．those C．which D．/27．（2023·新疆·中考真题）________thetimeskeepchanging,youngpeopleinChinahaveshownthesamepromise.A．But B．Unless C．Although D．Assoonas28．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnothing________can’tbeachieved.A．who B．that C．whom29．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）—Alice,Iwonder________youwonthetug-of-war(拔河比赛)yesterday.—Yeah!Wepulledtogetherandmadeitintheend.A．what B．where C．whether30．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）ZhangGuimeioncesaid.“________I’malive,Iwilldonate(献身)myselftoteaching.”A．Eventhough B．Assoonas C．Aslongas培优争分练（2024年最新模拟题建议用时：15分钟）31．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________aboutthelocalhistoryandculture?—Ofcourse.Youcancheckitonthiscomputer.A．thatIgottheinformation B．whatinformationdidIgetC．howcanIgettheinformation D．whereIcangettheinformation32．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）Manystudentsdidn’trealizetheimportanceofstudy________theyleftschool.A．until B．when C．as D．after33．（2024·四川成都·一模）—Lucy,doyouhaveanyidea________themeaningofthiswordis?—Letmecheckthedictionary.A．that B．what C．which34．（2024·四川成都·一模）_____heisonlynineyearsold,Tonyisalreadyanexcellentbasketballplayer.A．Inorderthat B．Assoonas C．Eventhough35．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）Thefarmershadtoworkinthefield________theweatherwasextremelyhot.A．if B．until C．because D．although36．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）Theyear2024celebratestheYearoftheDragon.Itistheonlyone________isnotrealamongthe12animalsoftheChinesezodiac(生肖).A．that B．which C．who37．（2024·四川成都·二模）Youwillpassthemathtest________youworkharder.A．aslongas B．asfaras C．aswellas38．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Ireallydon’tknowhowtogetonwellwithotherpeople.—Themostimportantrule________youshouldfollowistocommunicate.A．who B．which C．that39．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodcanharmyourbody,especially________you’reteenagers.—Yes.Junkfoodhasabadinfluenceonourabilitytothink,learnandremember.A．if B．unless C．although40．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Mom,whenshallwesetouttotheamusementpark?—Aslongasyourtask________.A．willfinish B．willbefinished C．isfinished41．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）Scienceandtechnologyaredevelopingfast.Wearesupposedtohavealifelongstudyattitude________wewon’tbeout.A．inorderto B．inorderthat C．soasto42．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—NobodyknowsforsureifMr.Li________tothepartytomorrow.Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime.—Ifhe________,Iwilltellyou.A．willcome;willcomeB．willcome;comesC．comes;comes43．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Howtimeflies!Wewillleaveschoolandseparatefromeachother.—Iwillneverforgetthetime________wehavespenttogetherinmiddleschool.A．inwhich B．who C．that44．（2024·四川广元·二模）—Iwanttoknow________.—TheweatherreportonTVsaysitwillbe.A．whenIcanwatchTV B．whowillreportitC．ifitwillbesunnytomorrow D．whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow45．（2024·湖南株洲·一模）Asamiddleschoolstudent,nomatter________yougo,youshouldpayattentiontoyourwordsandactions.A．that B．what C．when D．where46．（2024·四川广元·二模）—Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme________?—OK.Walkalongthestreetandyouwillfinditonyourright.A．whyyougotothebookstore B．whoistheownerofthisbookstoreC．howcanIgettothebookstore D．wherethenearestbookstoreis47．（2024·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）Ingeographyclass,theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearth________aroundthesun.A．goes B．went C．isgoing48．（2024·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）—Thespeechisreallyexciting!—Soitis.Thisisthebestspeech________I’veeverheard.A．which B．that C．who49．（2024·黑龙江双鸭山·一模）Atlastheworkedouttheproblem,________itwasalittlehard.A．but B．and C．though50．（2024·湖南永州·一模）—Iwonder________Michaelwillplaybasketballwithus.—Perhapsnot.Healwaysgoestothelibraryafterschool.A．when B．whether C．where D．why51．（2024·吉林长春·一模）Theteacheraskedthelittlegirl________.A．whereshewent B．wheredidshegoC．whereshewillgo D．howdidshego52．（2024·吉林长春·一模）________theboyisonlythree,hehasknownmanyEnglishwords.A．If B．Although C．When D．Because53．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）Ithasbeenabouttwomonths________shelastheardfromhermother.A．for B．since C．unless D．until54．（2024·湖南怀化·一模）Ingeographyclass,theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearth________aroundthesun.A．goes B．went C．isgoing55．（2024·安徽芜湖·一模）—Dennis,canyoutellme________makesyouabigfanofChineseculture.—ThosebeautifulpoemsbyLiBai.A．when B．why C．who D．what

重难点11主从复合句命题趋势中考英语对主从复合句的考查集中在单项选择题、完形填空、短文填空题。考查重点包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。本专题目的在于帮助学生梳理主从复合句的用法，以帮助同学们高效复习。重难诠释宾语从句用法详解：宾语从句是在主从复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。如Rosesaidshewouldvisitussometimenextweek.露丝说她下星期某时会来看我们。↓↓主句从句(宾语从句)Couldyoutellmewhereheisfrom?你能告诉我他来自哪里吗？↓↓主句从句(宾语从句)考点1：引导词的选用(1).陈述句的引导词用that，常可省略。IamgoingtomeetmynetfriendsinGuangzhou.Hesaid.→HesaidthathewasgoingtomeethisnetfriendsinGuangzhou.他说他将要在广州见他的网友。(2).一般疑问句的引导词用if/whether(是否)。（后有or、ornot时只用whether）Wouldyouliketoplaybasketballwithme?Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedtoplaybasketballwithhim.他问我是否会和他去打篮球。Isitafasttrainoraslowlyone?Iwantedtoknow.→Iwantedtoknowwhetheritwasafasttrainoraslowlyone.我想知道这是快车还是慢车。(3).特殊疑问句的引导词用特殊疑问词。Howoldareyou?Theywanttoknow.→Theywanttoknowhowoldyouare.他们想知道你多大年纪了。Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?Heaskedme.→HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodothisafternoon.他问我今天下午要做什么。考点2：语序(宾语从句中从句要用陈述句语序，即从句中的第1动词在主语之后）HeaskedJane:“Whydon’tyoucome”?疑问语序(第1动词don’t在主语you之前)HeaskedJanewhyshedidn’tcomelastnight.他问简恩为什么昨晚她不来。陈述语序(第1动词didn’t在主语you之后)LucywantedtoknowifIcouldmakeacakeforyou.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。特殊：①.What’swrongwith…在宾语从句中不变语序。如：Iwanttoknowwhat’swrongwithyou.我想知道你怎么啦。②.引导词在从句中做主语时，语序不变。如：Jackaskedmewhowouldgiveusthelecturethisafternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。(who是引导词，在宾语从句中作动词wouldgive的主语，本身己是陈述语序，不需再变。)考点3：时态口诀：主现从实，主过从过，真理除外(1).主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。“Johnspeakshighlyofyou.”Tomtellsme.→TomtellsmethatJohnspeakshighlyofme.汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells,是一般现在时，从句原时态是speaks,在这里还是用speaks)(2).主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态。“Whenshallwehavethemeeting?”Theboyasked.→Theboyaskedwhentheyshouldhavethemeeting.男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。(主句用asked，是一般过去时，从句用相应的某种过去时，这里shall→should)(3).从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Theteachertoldthestudents.→Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。(主句用told,为一般过去时，但从句中theearthgoesaroundthesun是客观事实，所以时态还用一般现在时，不用变)Jimaskedmewhetherthelighttravelsfasterthanthesound.考点4.宾语从句的注意问题（1）宾语从句与简单句的转换：当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，从句可以简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如：Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon’tknowwhattodonext.我不知道接下来要做什么。（2）宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句谓语动词think，suppose，believe等后接宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称，变否定句时应否定主句。如：Idon’tthinkyouareright.我认为你不对。状语从句常见的状语从句可分为：时间、条件、地点、原因、方式、让步、比较、结果、目的等从句，由不同的引导词引导。考点一：时间状语从句引导词用法例句whenwhen引导的时间状语从句中既可接延续性动词，也可接非延续性动词，多用一般过去时TheyweretalkinghappilywhenIwalkedpastthedoor.当我从门前走过，他们正在开心地聊天。whilewhile强调主句和从句动作同时发生，所引导的时间状语从句只能用延续性动词，多用进行时态。MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.当妈妈在做饭的时候，我在做作业。not…until主句的谓语动词为非延续性动词，主句要用否定式，从句用肯定式。Thebuswon’tstartuntileverybodygetson.公共汽车直到每个人都上车才会发动。since主句谓语动词一般用现在完成时，从句谓语动词一般用一般过去时。Fiveyeashaspassedsincewesaweachotherlasttime.距离我们上次见面已经五年过去了。beforebefore引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。Weturnedoffthelightbeforeweleft.我们在离开前关了灯。afterafter引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。Hewenttobedafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就去睡觉了。assoonas若主句为一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来。IwilltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.我一看见他，就会告诉他这个消息。考点二：条件状语从句条件状语从句的引导词主要有if和unless，两者可转换。在条件状语从句中，从句常用一般现在时表将来，即主将从现。如：Youwillfailtheexamifyoudon’tworkhard.=Youwillfailtheexamunlessyouworkhard.如果不努力学习，你考试会不及格的。考点三：原因状语从句原因状语从句的引导词有because，since，as等。注意：1.because和so不能同时使用。如：Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.他昨天没来上学，因为他生病了。2.since引导原因状语从句表示显然的或已为人知的理由，表示“因为，既然”如：sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.既然大家都到期了，我们就开始吧。考点四：让步状语从句让步状语从句的引导词有though/although，eventhough/if等。注意：though/although与but不能同时出现在一个句子里。如：Thoughheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。考点五：结果状语从句结果状语从句的引导词有so/such…that…等。（1）区分两种句式：①so+adj./adv.+that…②such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that…如：TomissocleverthathelearnsChinesewell.=TomissuchacleverboythathelearnsChinesewell.汤姆如此聪明，语文学得很好。（2）注意：当名词前有much，many，little，few等词修饰时，只能用so。如：Youcan’tspendsomuchtimeoncomputergames.你不能花这么多时间在网络游戏上。考点六：目的状语从句目的状语从句的引导词有sothat，inorderthat等。如：Hestoodupsothat/inorderthathecouldseetheblackboardclearly.他站起来，以便能清楚地看到黑板。注意：目的状语从句中一般都含有表示可能性的词语，如coule,will,would,can等。定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句如：Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.↓↓↓先行词引导词从句（定语从句）2.关系词的选用：关系代词指代在定从中所作成分例句which物主语宾语Lucylikesmusicwhichisgentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。that人、物主语宾语Lucylikesmusicthatisgentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。Thegirlthathaslonghairishissister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。who人主语宾语Thegirlwhohaslonghairishissister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。whom人宾语Heisthestudentthat/who/whomIlikebest.他是我最喜欢的学生whose人的，物的定语Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.我喜欢那些话题是历史的书3、关系词的省略：关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略如：Thecartoons(that/which)Ilikehavelotsofjokes.我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisinteresting.我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。4.关系代词只能用that的情况(1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that如:Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheycouldn’tremember.(2)当先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that.如:Sayallthatyouknow/IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?(3)当先行词有theone,thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who).如：That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow./Thesearethevery(adj.恰好的)wordsthatheused.(4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.如：ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveread.(5)当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.如：WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?5.关系代词只能用which的情况(1)先行词有指示代词（that/this/these/those）修饰如：Iamreadingthatbookwhichyoureadyesterday.我在看你昨天看的那本书(2)引导词前有介词如：Theschoolcampusinwhichwestudyeverydayisbeautiful.我们学习的校园很漂亮。6.定语从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与先行词保持一致。其中，“oneof+复数名词”作先行词时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Heisthemanwho/thatlivesnextdoor.他就是住在隔壁的那个男人HeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswhohavebeentoGermany.他是班上去过德国的学生之一重难通关练（2023中考真题建议用时：15分钟）1．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Wildanimalswillbeingreatdanger________weprotectthemtogether.A．if B．but C．unless2．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）YuGongMovesaMountainisthebeststory________Ihaveeverread.A．who B．where C．that3．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—Iwonder________mynewclassmates.—Bycommunicatingwiththemmore.A．whatcanIlearnfrom B．whenIcanlearnfromC．wherecanItalkwith D．howIcangetonwith4．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）—Iwonder________.—Yes,ittastesreallygood.A．wholikeseatingzongziB．ifthiskindofzongziisdeliciousC．whereIcanbuythiskindofzongziD．howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi5．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）Atruefriendisaperson________reachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.A．who B．whom C．which D．whose6．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）—Asateenager,doyouknow________whenyouareintrouble?—Yes.Icanaskmyparents,teachersoranyotheradultItrust.A．whoyoucanaskforhelp B．howcanyouaskforhelpC．whocanyouaskforhelp D．howyoucanaskforhelp7．（2023·内蒙古·中考真题）Ourteacherasksustoreadnewspaperseveryday________wecanfindoutwhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.A．sothat B．eventhough C．inorderto D．assoonas8．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—ChenDan,doyouknow________?—BusNo.3willtakeyouthere.A．whatisStarParklike B．whatStarParkislikeC．howcanIgettoStarPark D．howIcangettoStarPark9．（2023·甘肃甘南·中考真题）—IwonderifLiHua________tothehospitaltoreceivethevaccination（疫苗接种）.—Iamsurehewillifhe________time.A．goes;willhave B．willgo;has C．willgo;willhave10．（2023·西藏·中考真题）—Couldyoutellme________?—Sure.Iwillshowyouthesteps.A．howcanIpayonline B．whatcanIpayonlineC．howIcanpayonline D．whatIcanpayonline11．（2023·西藏·中考真题）SuBingtianisaplayer________runsfastestinChinaatpresent.A．which B．who C．what D．where12．（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—Iwonder________.—Thereisanewparkinglotacrossthestreetfromhere.A．whereIcanparkmycar B．wherecanIparkmycarC．howlongIshouldparkmycar D．howlongshouldIparkmycar13．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutQuQiubai?Ineedtoknowabout________.A．howmanybooksdidhepublish B．thathestudiedandworkedinRussiaC．whichpartofChangzhoudidhelivein D．whatforeignlanguageshecouldspeak14．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Asweliveinarapidlydevelopingworld,wewillbeleftbehind________wekeeplearning.A．unless B．if C．after D．though15．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）Historyismyfavoritesubject________it’sveryinteresting.A．if B．though C．when D．because16．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）________youcan’tworkouttheproblem,perhapsyouneedtoaskyourclassmatesforhelp.A．Unless B．Though C．Since D．Whether17．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Foroursafety,wemustkeepawayfromthetallbuildings________thewindblowshard.A．if B．although C．so18．（2023·湖南益阳·中考真题）—PleasegivetheChinesebooktoLinda.—OK.________Iseeher,Iwillgiveittoher.A．Assoonas B．Unless C．Before19．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）Let’stakethesimplestepstoday________wewillsavetheworldforourgrandsonsandgranddaughterstomorrow.A．unless B．until C．sothat D．though20．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Benbelieveshe________acollegestudentin3years.A．becomes B．became C．willbecome D．hasbecome21．（2023·四川雅安·中考真题）—Lucy,theDragonBoatFestivaliscoming.Iwanttolearnhowtomakezongzi.—OK.Ifmygrandma________freetomorrow,shewillteachus.A．is B．are C．am D．willbe22．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Lily,canyoutellme________duringtheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear?—Sure.Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.A．whatyouwilldo B．whatyoudidC．whatwillyoudo D．whatdidyoudo23．（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）—MissWang,what’sthemostimportantthing________wegotravelling?—Youshouldmakeaplanfirst.A．while B．before C．after24．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）Itisreallydangerous_______peopleruntheredtrafficlight.A．if B．unless C．though D．until25．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou,________Idon’tknowwhattostartwithyet.A．whether B．since C．though D．until26．（2023·新疆·中考真题）LotsofChineseyoungpeople___________werebornafter1995usedoor-to-doorcookingtosavetime.A．that B．those C．which D．/27．（2023·新疆·中考真题）________thetimeskeepchanging,youngpeopleinChinahaveshownthesamepromise.A．But B．Unless C．Although D．Assoonas28．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnothing________can’tbeachieved.A．who B．that C．whom29．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）—Alice,Iwonder________youwonthetug-of-war(拔河比赛)yesterday.—Yeah!Wepulledtogetherandmadeitintheend.A．what B．where C．whether30．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）ZhangGuimeioncesaid.“________I’malive,Iwilldonate(献身)myselftoteaching.”A．Eventhough B．Assoonas C．Aslongas1．C【详解】句意：除非我们一起保护野生动物，否则它们将处于极大的危险之中。考查连词辨析。if如果；but但是；unless除非。“weprotectthemtogether”是“Wildanimalswillbeingreatdanger”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。2．C【详解】句意：《愚公移山》是我读过的最好的故事。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是story，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。3．D【详解】句意：——我想知道我怎样才能和我的新同学相处得好。——通过与他们进行更多的沟通。考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“By...”可知此处询问方式，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。4．B【详解】句意：——我想知道这种粽子好吃吗。——好吃，味道很好。考查宾语从句。wholikeseatingzongzi谁喜欢吃粽子；ifthiskindofzongziisdelicious这种粽子是否好吃；whereIcanbuythiskindofzongzi我在哪里可以买到这种粽子；howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi这种粽子我们该付多少钱。根据答语“Yes,ittastesreallygood.”可知，想知道这种粽子是否好吃，故选B。5．A【详解】句意：一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。6．A【详解】句意：——作为一个青少年，当你遇到麻烦时，你知道你可以向谁求助吗？——知道。我可以向我的父母、老师或任何我信任的成年人求助。考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序应用陈述语序，排除BC；根据“Icanaskmyparents,teachersoranyotheradultItrust.”可知，父母、老师和信任的成年人都是人，应用who引导宾语从句，故选A。7．A【详解】句意：我们的老师让我们每天读报，这样我们就可以了解世界各地发生了什么。考查连词辨析。sothat以便于；eventhough即使；inorderto为了；assoonas一……就。“Ourteacherasksustoreadnewsp