江西省景德镇市一中1班2020-2021学年八年级上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

2020-2021年度初二1班期末测试卷二、单项选择（8分）1.Accordingtoasurvey,people________areabletospeaktwolanguagescanmore________managetwothingsatthesametime.A.when;hard B./;hardly C./;easy D.who;easily【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：根据一项调查，会说两种语言的人更容易同时处理两件事。考查定语从句及副词辨析。由“people…areabletospeaktwolanguages”可知，本句为定语从句，先行词people“人”指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导定语从句。hard努力地；hardly几乎不；easy容易的；easily容易地。由“…canmore…managetwothingsatthesametime”可知，会说两种语言的人更容易同时处理两件事，故此处应为副词easily“容易地”，修饰动词manage“处理”。故选D。2.John________togotoworkinhisfreetimebecausehewantedtospendmoretimewithhisfamily.A.expected B.decided C.refused D.offered【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：约翰拒绝在业余时间去上班，因为他想多花点时间陪陪家人。考查动词词义辨析。expected期待；decided决定；refused拒绝；offered提供。根据原因状语从句“becausehewantedtospendmoretimewithhisfamily.”可推测出，约翰是“拒绝”在业余时间去上班。故选C。3.Tonyruns_________thananyotherstudentinhisclass.A.asfastas B.morefast C.sofastas D.muchfaster【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：托尼跑得比班上任何一个学生都快。考查副词比较级。根据“runs……thananyotherstudent”可知，这里是副词比较级，fast副词，快地，muchfaster“快地多”，故选D。4.Wefind_____impossibleforus______aforeignlanguagewellinashorttime.A.one;learn B.it;tolearn C.that;tolearn D.this;learning【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：我们认为对于我们来说短时间内学好一种外语是不可能的。【详解】根据句型findit+形容词+forsbtodosth“认为对于某人来说，做某事是……”，此处it是形式宾语，todosth是真正的宾语，故选B。5.Thepopularityofbasketball_________aroundtheworldrecently.A.rose B.hasrisen C.hasraised D.raised【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：近来篮球的受欢迎程度在全球范围内一直在上升。考查现在完成时和动词辨析。raise是及物动词，后面要接宾语，rise是不及物动词，故先排除C、D选项。句中recently是现在完成时的标志，B选项符合句意，故应选B。【点睛】raise和rise都有“上升、抬高”的意思，两个词的区别是：1.raise及物动词，后面必须要接宾语；rise是不及物动词，后面不需要加宾语。2.表示人或物体从低处往高处“抬高、上升”时，raise一般指的是人为地把某个对象抬高，而rise则指的是某个对象自己上升或抬高。例如：Heraisedahandingreeting.他扬起手表示问候。Smokewasrisingfromthechimney.烟从烟囱里升起。6.—Ifsomeoneis________yourway,whatwillyoudo?—Iwillwait________theyhavepassed.A.in;until B.on;until C.by;unless D.along;unless【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——如果有人挡住了你的路，你会做什么？——我会等着直到他们过去。考查介词辨析和连词辨析。inone'sway挡路，妨碍；onone'sway在某人去……的路上；by通过；along沿着。根据答语“Iwillwait…theyhavepassed.我会等……他们过去”可知，第一处表示“挡路”，所以用in。until直到；unless除非。第二处用于句中引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”，所以用until。故选A。7.TheTokyo2020Olympics________becauseofCOVID-19afewmonthsago.A.wereputoff B.willputoffC.areputtingof D.areput【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：由于新冠肺炎的原因，2020年东京奥运会在几个月前被推迟。考查一般过去时被动语态。主语Tokyo2020Olympics与谓语动词putoff之间是被动关系，且afewmonthsago是一般过去时标志词，所以此处用一般过去时的被动语态，故选A。8.Janewantstofindout________MarylikeswatchingTVathome.A.where B.what C.if D.which【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：简想知道玛丽是否喜欢在家看电视。考查宾语从句连接词。where在哪里，特殊疑问副词；what什么，特殊疑问代词；if是否，连词，说明对陈述的事情不明确或不清楚；which哪一个，哪些，特殊疑问副词。宾语从句“MarylikeswatchingTVathome”不缺主语、宾语和地点状语，可知排除A、B、和D；故选C。三、完形填空（25分）A)阅读下面短文，请从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(每小题1分)LastmonthmyfamilytraveledtoSanFrancisco,westoppedforlunch.Aswewalkedtowardsthe___9___oftherestaurant,amanwithdirtyhair,jumpedupfromachairoutsidetherestaurantandopenedthedoorfor___10___.Hegreetedusinafriendlyway.Onceinside,mydaughterssaidsoftly,"Mom,hesmells."Wewatchedothercustomerscometothe___11___butmanyignored*him.Seeingthisrudenesstrulymademe___12___.Idecidedtosetagoodexampletomy___13___.Whenourmealarrived,IrealizedIhadleftsomemedicineinthecar.Withthewindiesttripahead,thekidsneededthem,___14___Iexcusedmyselffromthemealandwenttogetthem.Justthen,the"doorman"wasopeningthedoorforacouple.They___15___pasthimwithoutevenacknowledging*hispresence.Lettingtheminfirst,Isaida___16___"thankyou"tohimasIwentout.WhenIreturned,wetalkedabit.Hesaidhewasnotallowedinsideunless*he___17___food.Iwentbackandtoldmyfamilyhis___18___.ThenIaskedourwaitresstoaddonesoupandsandwich.Thekidslookedpuzzledaswehadalreadyeaten,butwhenIsaidtheorderwasforthe"doorman",they___19___.Whenitwastimetocontinueourtrip,Ifoundthe"doorman"enjoyinghis___20___.Uponseeingme,hestoodupandthankedmeheartily.Hethen___21___hishandforahandshakeandIaccepted.I___22___noticedthetears*inhiseyes-tearsofgratitude.Whathappenednextdrewgreatsurprise:Igavethe"doorman"a___23___.Hepulledaway,withtearsrollingdownhisface.Backincar,Ifellintodeepthought.Whilewecan'tchoosemanythingsinlife,wecanchoosewhentoshowgratitude.Isaidthankstoamanwhohadsimplyheldopenadoorforme,andalsosaidthanksforthatchancetoteachmychildrenbyexample.9.A.wall B.screen C.door D.window10.A.her B.you C.us D.them11.A.station B.museum C.cinema D.restaurant12.A.sad B.warm C.nervous D.comfortable13.A.kids B.brothers C.sisters D.parents14.A.or B.so C.and D.but15.A.flew B.climbed C.swam D.rushed16.A.loud B.strange C.serious D.humorous17.A.made B.bought C.introduced D.refused18.A.lesson B.purpose C.story D.suggestion19.A.woke B.waved C.counted D.smiled20.A.meal B.trip C.coats D.works21.A.putaway B.searchedfor C.reachedout D.worriedabout22.A.still B.suddenly C.mainly D.seldom23.A.nod B.hug C.game D.document【答案】9.C10.C11.D12.A13.A14.B15.D16.A17.B18.C19.D20.A21.C22.B23.B【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了作者一家去洛杉矶旅游，在一家餐馆门口一位穿的很脏的为他们开门，但是其他的人们都不去理会他，作者对那个人很感激，并为他点了饭，给自己的孩子们也上了一课，告诉我们应该学会表达感激之情。【9题详解】句意：当我们朝着饭馆的门口走去的时候，一个头发脏兮兮的人从餐厅外面的椅子上跳起来，为我们打开了门。A.wall墙；B.screen屏幕；C.door门；D.window窗户。根据下文amanwithdirtyhair,jumpedupfromachairoutsidetherestaurantandopenedthedoorfor___2___.可知上文是朝门走去。根据题意，故选C。【10题详解】句意：一个头发脏兮兮的人从餐厅外面的椅子上跳起来，为我们打开了门。A.her她；B.you你；C.us我们；D.them他们。根据上文Aswewalkedtowardsthe___1___oftherestaurant可知下文说说为我们开门。根据题意，故选C。【11题详解】句意：我们看着其他顾客来到餐厅，但很多顾客都不理他。A.station车站；B.museum博物馆；C.cinema电影院；D.restaurant饭馆。根据下文butmanyignoredhim.可知这里是说许多其他顾客来到那个饭馆。根据题意，故选D。【12题详解】句意：看到这种无礼真让我伤心。A.sad悲伤的；B.warm暖和的；C.nervous紧张的；D.comfortable舒服的。根据上文butmanyignoredhim.可知，作者看到这个情景很伤心。故选A。【13题详解】句意：我决定给我的孩子树立一个好榜样。A.kids孩子们；B.brothers兄弟们；C.sisters妹妹；D.parents父母。根据上文Seeingthisrudenesstrulymademe___4___.Idecidedtosetagoodexampletomy___5___.可知，作者想给孩子们树立一个好的榜样。根据题意，故选A。【14题详解】句意：我有理由离开饭桌，去为她们拿。A.or否则；B.so因此；C.and和，又；D.but但是。根据上文Withthewindiesttripahead,thekidsneededthem,可知这里表示因此。根据题意，故选B。【15题详解】句意：他们冲过他，甚至不承认他在场。A.flew飞；B.climbed爬；C.swam游泳；D.rushed冲。根据下文withoutevenacknowledginghispresence.可知上文说匆忙的走过他。根据题意，故选D。【16题详解】句意：我出去时大声对他说了声“谢谢”。A.loud大声的；B.strange奇怪的；C.serious严肃的；D.humorous幽默的。根据下文"thankyou"tohimasIwentout.可知，这里是大声地说谢谢。故选A。【17题详解】句意：他说，除非他买了食物，否则不允许他进去。A.made使，制作；B.bought买；C.introduced介绍；D.refused决绝。根据下文Iwentbackandtoldmyfamilyhis___10___.ThenIaskedourwaitresstoaddonesoupandsandwich可知上文是说除非他买食物。根据题意，故选B。【18题详解】句意：我回去告诉我的家人他的故事。A.lesson课；B.purpose目的；C.story故事；D.suggestion建议。根据上文Hesaidhewasnotallowedinsideunless*he___9___food.可知下文是说作者告诉家人关于他的事情。根据题意，故选C。【19题详解】句意：但当我说是“看门人”点的饭时时，他们笑了。A.woke醒；B.waved挥舞；C.counted数；D.smiled微笑。根据上文butwhenIsaidtheorderwasforthe"doorman",可知下文是说他们笑了。根据题意，故选D。【20题详解】句意：我发现那位开门的人喜欢他的饭。A.meal饭；B.trip旅行；C.coats大衣；D.works作品。根据下文Uponseeingme,hestoodupandthankedmeheartily.可知这里是说喜欢他的饭。根据题意，故选A。【21题详解】句意：然后他伸出手来握手，我接受了。A.putaway把……收起来；B.searchedfor搜寻；C.reachedout伸出；D.worriedabout担心。根据下文hishandforahandshakeandIaccepted.可知，这里是说伸出他的手。根据题意，故选C。【22题详解】句意：我突然注意到他眼中的泪水——感激的泪水。A.still仍然，还；B.suddenly突然地；C.mainly主要地；D.seldom很少。根据下文tearsofgratitude.可知上文是说突然注意到。根据题意，故选B。【23题详解】句意：我给了那个门口男一个拥抱。A.nod点头；B.hug拥抱；C.game游戏；D.document文件。根据下文Hepulledaway,withtearsrollingdownhisface.可知，这里是说给他一个拥抱。根据题意，故选B。【点睛】技巧一完型在"填空"的时候，切忌用中文的"搭配"去感觉，也就是所谓三大出题伎俩之一的"中文代入"。要思考英语的搭配，不要死记，要理解和搜集。技巧二首段首句不出题，是主旨句（2001年除外），除首句外基本每句话都要出题，首段首句没有读懂就不要做下去；技巧三考研完型填空里面名词、动词、形容词，这些实词的考点往往被给出明确的线索，存在于改填空的前后，对该填空进行前后联系(名词前面adj。后面从句;形容词前面adv。后面n.;动词前面主语后面宾语等等)指示，考生如果能够判断出前后的关键而又是少量的信息，可以保证题目做对技巧四如出现陌生的选项词汇，而我们又不认识的时候，这里注意，蒙也有技巧，一般来说选择相对简单的词汇，不要选择偏的怪的词汇。技巧五答案分布规律：每篇完形填空中A、B、C、D作为正确选项的个数各在4—6个之间；A作为正确选项的个数最多；没有连续三个答案都一样的情况，连续两个答案都一样的情况为0—3个；在五个一组的答案中，最少要出现三个字母作为正确的选项；技巧六在四个选项中，有两个实词互为同义词时，答案往往在其中；在四个选项中，有两个虚词互为同义词时，答案往往都不选；当四个选项有一个共同意义时，该意义往往不能入选，要看选项的特殊含义B)选词填空(每小题1分)请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。compete,discussion,they,see,town,opened,slow,decide,if,downCreatingapalaceoutoficeIn1895,thetownofLeadville,Colorado,USwasintrouble.Peoplewereleavingandnotcomingback.The___24___leadersneededtocomeupwithaplantokeeppeopleinLeadville.Theyalsohopedotherswouldcometovisitorlivethere.Aftermuch___25___,theyplannedtobuildsomethingamazingtomakepeoplewanttogototheirtown.They___26___tobuildaverylargepalaceoutofice!On1stJanuary1896,afteronlytwomonths,theLeadvilleIcePalace___27___.Thatmorning,membersofdifferentsportsclubswalked___28___Leadville’sstreets.SoonthewholetownseemedtowalktowardtheIcePalace.Forthenextthreemonths,LeadvillecelebratedattheIcePalace.Peopleofthetowncalledit___29___“CrystalCarnival”.Thereweredifferentkindsofactivities,suchassports___30___,partiesandgames.Adininghallwasopenallthetime.VisitorscamefromasfarawayasEurope.Inthespringof1896,theIcePalace___31___melted(融化)away.Nooneknowswhathappenedtothepalace’swoodenframe(框架).Today,___32___youvisitthesmallmountaintownofLeadvilleonthefirstweekendofMarch,youwon’tseetheIcePalace.However,youwill___33___peoplecelebratingatamodernpalace.Andinotherplacesaroundtheworld,youcanstillfindwonderfulicepalacesoricehotels.Youcanevenspendthenightinthosehotels!【答案】24.town25.discussion26.decided27.opened28.down29.their30.competitions31.slowly32.if33.see【解析】【分析】短文讲述了美国科罗拉多州利德维尔镇上的领导们为了吸引人们能够来到这个镇并且留下来而建造了冰宫，在冰宫可以举行各种各样的活动，吸引了很多的人的故事。【24题详解】句意：镇上的领导需要想出一个计划，让人们留在利德维尔。根据“thetownofLeadville”以及“...leadersneededtocomeupwithaplantokeeppeopleinLeadville.”可知，此处指的是“镇上的领导们”，故填town。【25题详解】句意：经过多次讨论，他们计划建造一些令人惊叹的东西，让人们想去他们的城镇。根据“Aftermuch”以及“theyplannedtobuildsomethingamazingtomakepeoplewanttogototheirtown.”可知，此处指的是讨论之后的结果，所以空格指的是“讨论”，前面有“much”修饰，所以空格应用名词形式，故填discussion。26题详解】句意：他们决定用冰建造一座非常大的宫殿！根据“Aftermuch…theyplannedtobuildsomethingamazingtomakepeoplewanttogototheirtown.”可知，此处指的是“决定”，英语是decide，而这里描述的是过去的事情，所以动词用过去式，故填decided。【27题详解】句意：1896年1月1日，仅仅过了两个月，利德维尔冰宫开始营业。根据“Thatmorning,membersofdifferentsportsclubswalked...Leadville’sstreets.”可知，此处指的是“开业”，且动作发生在过去，所以动词用过去式，故填opened。【28题详解】句意：那天早上，不同体育俱乐部的成员沿着利德维尔的街道走去。此处表达的是“沿着……走”，英语是短语walkdown，故填down。【29题详解】句意：镇上的人们称之为“水晶嘉年华”。空格后是名词“CrystalCarnival”，而句子主语是“Peopleofthetown”，所以此处指的是“他们的”，要用形容词性物主代词，故填their。【30题详解】句意：有各种各样的活动，如体育比赛、聚会和游戏。根据“Thereweredifferentkindsofactivities”可知，此处指的是“比赛”，再由“partiesandgames”可知，此处应用复数形式，故填competitions。【31题详解】句意：1896年春天，冰宫慢慢融化了。根据“melted(融化)away”可知，此处指的是“慢慢地”，空格修饰动词，故用副词，故填slowly。【32题详解】句意：如果你在三月的第一个周末去参观小山城利德维尔，你将看不到冰宫。根据“youvisitthesmallmountaintownofLeadvilleonthefirstweekendofMarch,youwon’tseetheIcePalace.”可知，两句之间是表示假设，前句是条件，所以应用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。【33题详解】句意：然而，你会看到人们在现代宫殿里庆祝。根据“peoplecelebratingatamodernpalace”可知，这里是描述看到的情景，所以此处表达的是“看见”，空格前有助动词will，所以空格应用动词原形，故填see。四、阅读理解（40分）A）请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（每小题2分）（A）Biographical(传记类的)moviesbringusintothelivesofrealpeoplewhohavehadanimpactonsociety.Herearefouramazingbiographicmovies.TheGlassCastleisa2017biographicaldramamoviebasedonthe2005memoir(回忆录)byJeanetteWalls,anauthor,columnistandjournalist.ThemoviefocusesontheearlyyearsofJeanetteWalls,andmorespecifically,herpoorchildhood.BrieLarsonstarsasJeanetteWalls.IMDB(网络电影资料库)rating:7.2/10Eat,Pray,Loveisa2010biographical,comedy,romancemoviebasedonthe2006best-sellingmemoirbyElizabethGilbert,anessayist,novelistandshortstorywriter.ThemoviefocusesonGilbert’sjourneyofself-discoveryaroundtheworld,afterherdivorce.Alongtheway,sheenjoysItaly’scuisine(Eat),discoversIndia’sspirituality(Pray)andfindshertrueloveinIndonesia(Love).!!JuliaRobertsplaystheroleofElizabethGilbert.IMDBrating:5.7/10MissPotterisa2006biographicaldramamoviethatdescribesthelifeofBeatrixPotter,anaturalscientist,writerandillustrator,mostlychildren’sbooks.ThemovieshowsPotter’slifelongstruggleforhappiness,loveandsuccess.ReneeZellwegerstarsasBeatrixPotter.OneofPotter’smostsuccessfulbookswasthe1902—TheTaleofPeterRabbit.IMDBrating:7/10AmericanSplendorisa2003biographical,comedy,dramamoviethatcentersonthelifeofHarveyPekar,authorofthecomicbookseriesofthesamename.ThemoviedescribesthelifeofPekar,notonlyasacomicbookwriter,butalsoasamediapersonalityandmusiccritic.PaulGiamattistarsasHarveyPekar.IMDBrating:7.5/1034.ThemovieEat,Pray,Lovemainlytellsabout________.A.JeanetteWalls’memoryofchildhoodB.ElizabethGilbert’sjourneyofself-discoveryC.BeatrixPotter’sstruggleforhappinessD.HarveyPekar’screationofmusic35.BeatrixPotterisbestknownforherworksof________.A.newsstories B.children’sbooks C.traveljournals D.comicbooks36.Amongthefourmovies,________scoredthehighestinIMDBrating.A.TheGlassCastle B.Eat,Pray,Love C.MissPotter D.AmericanSplendor【答案】34.B35.B36.D【解析】【分析】文章大意：传记电影把我们带进了对社会有影响的现实生活中。《玻璃城堡》（TheGlassCastle）是根据作家、专栏作家和记者珍妮特·沃尔斯（JeanetteWalls）2005年的回忆录改编的2017年传记性戏剧电影。《吃，祈祷，爱》是一部2010年的传记、喜剧、浪漫电影，改编自2006年伊丽莎白·吉尔伯特（ElizabethGilbert）的畅销回忆录，她是一位散文家、小说家和短篇小说作家。《波特小姐》是一部2006年的传记性戏剧电影，描述了自然科学家、作家和插画家比阿特丽克丝·波特的一生，大部分是儿童读物。《美国辉煌》是一部2003年的传记、喜剧、戏剧电影，以同名漫画系列的作者哈维·佩卡尔的生平为中心。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“Eat,Pray,Loveisa2010biographical,comedy,romancemoviebasedonthe2006best-sellingmemoirbyElizabethGilbert,anessayist,novelistandshortstorywriter.ThemoviefocusesonGilbert’sjourneyofself-discoveryaroundtheworld,afterherdivorce.”《吃，祈祷，爱》是一部2010年传记、喜剧、浪漫电影，改编自2006年伊丽莎白·吉尔伯特（ElizabethGilbert）的畅销回忆录，她是一位散文家、小说家和短篇小说作家。这部电影聚焦于吉尔伯特离婚后在世界各地的自我发现之旅。可知，电影《吃，祈祷，爱》主要讲述的是“吃，祈祷，爱”。伊丽莎白·吉尔伯特的自我发现之旅，故答案为B。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“MissPotterisa2006biographicaldramamoviethatdescribesthelifeofBeatrixPotter,anaturalscientist,writerandillustrator,mostlychildren’sbooks.”《波特小姐》是一部2006年的传记性戏剧电影，描述了自然科学家、作家和插画家比阿特丽克丝·波特的一生，大部分是儿童读物。可知，故答案为B。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“TheGlassCastle”《玻璃城堡》IMDB(网络电影资料库)rating:7.2/10；根据文中“Eat,Pray,Love”《吃，祈祷，爱》IMDBrating:5.7/10；根据文中“MissPotter”《波特小姐》IMDBrating:7/10根据文中“AmericanSplendor”《美国辉煌》IMDBrating:7.5/10。可知，在这四部电影中，IMDB的评分最高的是《美国辉煌》，故选D。(B)ThreeresearchersfromHarvardBusinessSchool,theUniversityofLondonandtheUniversityofBritishColumbiahavefoundthatcollegestudentswhovaluetimeovermoneyreportbeinghappierlaterthanthosewhoreporttheopposite.IntheirpaperprintedinthejournalScienceAdvance,AshleyWhillans,LuciaMacchiaandElizabethDunn,describetheirstudyandwhattheylearnedfromit.Sometimespeoplehaveproblemsinmakingdecisions.Thereisoftenaquestion:whichismoreimportantandwhichmakesushappier,timeormoney?Inthisresearch,theresearcherstriedtolearnmoreaboutthedecision-makingprocessesofcollegegraduates,andhowthosedecisionsinfluencedtheirlevelofhappinessjustayearlater.Theresearchersdidatwo-partsurvey.Thefirstpartaskedquestionsaboutwhethertheyvaluedtimeovermoneyormoneyovertime.Theyalsoaskedthemtorate(评级)howhappytheywere.Thefirstpartofthesurveywasgivento1,000volunteerstudentswhiletheywerestillincollege.Thesecondpart,whichwassimilartothefirst,wasgiventothesamepeopleoneyearlater.Theresearchersreportthatinthefirstsurvey,nearlytwo-thirdsofthevolunteersvaluedtimeovermoney—ayearlater,theyfoundthattheratio(比率)hadchangedalittle.14%ofthosewhovaluedmoneyovertimechangedtheiranswers,while13%ofthosewhohadfirstvaluedtimeovermoneychanged.Theresearchersalsoreportthatthosestudentswhohadvaluedmoneyovertimewhilestillinschoolwerelikelytoacceptjobsthatwerepaidmore.However,thosewhochosetimeovermoneyweremorelikelytoworkinanenvironmentthattheyliked.Theresearchersalsofoundthatthosewhovaluedtimeovermoneyoneithersurveyratedthemselvesashappierthanthosewhovaluedmoneyovertime.37.Theunderlinedword“those”inParagraph1refersto________.A.theuniversities B.collegestudentsC.collegegraduates D.theresearchers38.Paragraph2talksaboutthe________ofthenewresearch.A.reason B.process C.introduction D.result39.Theresearchersgottheresults________.A.bystudyingthefirstgroup’snumbers B.bytellingstoriesofvolunteersC.bycomparingthetwogroups’numbers D.bygivingexamplesofvolunteers40.Accordingtotheresearch,wecaninferthat________.A.collegegraduatesdon’thavetimetomindtimeormoneyB.morecollegegraduatesthinktimemoreimportantthanmoneyC.askingquestionsaboutwhethertimeormoneyismoreimportantmaymakeushappierD.ifacollegegraduatechoosestoworkinavillage,hemaythinktimemoreimportant【答案】37.B38.A39.C40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项研究，研究表明更看重时间的大学生会比更看重金钱的大学生更快乐。【37题详解】词义猜测题。根据第1段“theUniversityofBritishColumbiahavefoundthatcollegestudentswhovaluetimeovermoneyreportbeinghappierlater”可知，those指代句子中的collegestudents“大学生”。故选B。【38题详解】主旨大意题。根据第2段“Inthisresearch,theresearcherstriedtolearnmoreaboutthedecision-makingprocessesofcollegegraduates,andhowthosedecisionsinfluencedtheirlevelofhappinessjustayearlater”可知，本段主要讲述了做研究的原因：想了解这些大学生做决定的过程以及这些决定如何影响他们1年后的幸福水平。故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第4段“Theresearchersreportthatinthefirstsurvey,nearlytwo-thirdsofthevolunteersvaluedtimeovermoney—ayearlater,theyfoundthattheratiohadchangedalittle”可知，研究者通过对比两组的数据得出的结果，故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第4段“However,thosewhochosetimeovermoneyweremorelikelytoworkinanenvironmentthattheyliked.”可知，这些选择在自己喜欢的地方工作的大学生，更看重时间而不是金钱，故D正确。故选D。(C)AIisadouble-edgedsword.Itcanhelpus,butalsocauseusharm.WhoisusingAI?IsAIreplacinghumans?WhatshouldwedotoavoidtherisksanddangersthatAImightbring?Artificialintelligenceissettobenefitmankindinmanyways.Itwillmakeeverydaytaskseasierandbringefficiencytovariousindustries.Itmightjustprovetobeoneofman’sgreatestinventions.Andyet,likeanyothertechnology,AIwillalsobringrisks.InFebruary2018,agroupofAIexpertsgottogethertodiscussthepossiblemisuseofAI.Whattheyfoundwasthat“EveryAIadvancebythegoodguysisanadvanceforthebadguys,too,”accordingtoQuartz.Theirbiggestconcernwasthatcriminals(罪犯)coulduseAIforwrongfulpurposes.OneoftheareastheylookedatwastheuseofAItocreatewebsitesthatcouldbeusedtostealpeople’spersonalinformation.AnotherpossibilityisthatAIprogramscouldbetaughttohacksoftwareandbreakintocomputersecuresystems.Therearesomeotherconcernsaswell.ItispossiblethatAIcouldbeusedtocreatefakeimagesandvideos.ChinesetechgiantBaidu,infact,hasdevelopedaprogramcalledDeepVoicethatcan“clone”anyone’svoicebystudyinga3.7-secondaudiosample.ManyleadingfiguresinthetechworldhaveexpressedconcernaboutAI.PeoplelikeBillGatesandElonMuskhavecalledfortheindustrytobemorestrictlyregulated,astherearefewlawsrightnowontheuseofAI.However,thisissettochange.InMarch2018,theEuropeanUnionplanstosetupagroupthatwilldiscussthemoralandethicaldangersofadvancedAI—andhopefully,suggestsomeregulationsthatwillhelpuskeepitsafeformankind.41.SomeexpertshaveconcernsaboutAIbecause________.A.itmakespeoplelazier B.itisdevelopingtoofastC.itwillreplaceworkersinthefuture D.somepeoplemayuseittodobadthings42.DeepVoiceismentionedtoshow________.A.howAIisdeveloped B.whatAIcandointhefutureC.whyBaiduisatechgiant D.howAIcancopyvoices43.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.A.theremaybenewlawstoregulatetheuseofAI.B.AIwillbringmoreharmthanbenefittomankind.C.manyAIprogrammerswillbecomecriminals.D.therewillonlybefakenewsandvideosonline.44.Thispassageiswrittenmainlyto________.A.tellreadersthatAIisanewinvention B.introducewhatAIisreallyaboutC.showthatAIalsohasdisadvantages D.suggestsomerulesforAI【答案】41.D42.D43.A44.C【解析】【分析】人工智能是一把双刃剑。它可以帮助我们，但也给我们造成伤害。本文主要介绍人工智能的一些缺点以及欧盟即将采用的应对办法。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theirbiggestconcernwasthatcriminals(罪犯)coulduseAIforwrongfulpurposes.”可知，他们最大的担心是罪犯把人工智能用于非法目的。故选D。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据“DeepVoicethatcan“clone”anyone’svoicebystudyinga3.7-secondaudiosample.”可知，提到DeepVoice是为了展示人工智能是如何复制声音的。故选D。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容及“...andhopefully,suggestsomeregulationsthatwillhelpuskeepitsafeformankind.”可知，可能会有新的法律来规范人工智能的使用。故选A。【44题详解】主旨大意题。本文大篇幅用来讨论人工智能的缺点和弊端，呼吁可以提出一些规章制度，帮助我们保护人工智能对人类的安全。故选C。(D)Scientistshavefoundthatmigrating(迁徙)birdsflynotjustingroupsallthetime,butin“V”formationandtheyhavealsotriedtofindoutwhatgoodpointsbirdsgetfromthis“V”formation.Now,aresearchgroupfromtheUniversityofLondonmayhavefoundtheanswer–migratingbirdsflyina“V”tosaveenergy,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalNature.Whenabirdflaps(拍打)itswings,itmakestheairmoveindifferentdirections.Scientistsfoundinthestudythattheaircreatesanupward-movingwaveatthetipsofthewings(翼尖),whichmeansthatifabirdfliesaroundthewingtipsofanotherbird,itcangetsomehelpfromtherisingairandthentheycanuselessenergytostayintheair.Butthereisasmallproblem–theleadbirdgetsnoliftadvantageandcaneasilygettired.Thisiswhyagroupofmigratingbirdschangetheirleadersfromtimetotime,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.Scientistswerealsosurprisedtoseethatmigratingbirdstimedtheirwingbeatsandchangedtheirplacesinaverysimplewaytomakethemostoftheliftingeffectwhileavoidingareaswheretheairmoveddownward.“They’reabletosensewhat’sgoingonfromthebirdinfront,wherethis‘goodair’iscomingfromandhowtohelpthemselvesperfectlyinit,”leadresearcherStevenPortugaltoldBBC.Infact,the“V”formationhaslongbeenthoughttohelpbirdsflymoreefficiently(有效地)withoutwastingtoomuchenergy.Jetfighters(战斗机)werealsofoundtobeabletoreducetheirenergyusebyupto18%bystayingnearthewingtipsofotherJetfighters.Bothofthesefindingsledscientiststowonderthatthe“V”formationhadanefficiencypurpose,butuntilnowtheystilldon’thaveenoughfactstoshowwhattheyarethinkingaboutisreallytrue.“Forscientists,thenewstudyprovidesaninsightintoaninterestingnaturalthing.Butitcouldmeanevenmoreforairplanecompanies–helpingthemunderstandhowtheycanimitatethatwiththeirplaneformationstosaveenergy,”saidPortugal.45.Accordingtothenewstudy,whenbirdsmigrate,______.A.theydon’toftenchangetheirleadbirdsB.theyflyin“V”formationtomakebestuseofliftC.theyflyin“V”formationtoprotectthebirdsbehindD.theairaroundthemmakesithardfortheleadbirdtoflyfast46.Whatistheimportanceofthenewstudyaccordingtothearticle?A.Itsuggeststhatthe“V”formationcanhelpplanesflyfaster.B.Ithasledscientiststostudymoreaboutdifferentkindsofbirds.C.Itmighthelpairplanecompaniestothinkofwaystosaveenergy.D.Itshowsthatthejetfightersformthebestshapeofa“V”formation.47.Theunderlinedword“imitate”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans“______”.A.use B.change C.learn D.copy48.Thewriterwritesthepassageto______.A.tellhowmigratingbirdsfindtheirwaysB.explainhowbirdsgethelpfrommigrationC.introducesomeusesofmigratingbirds’“V”formationD.reportnewfindingsaboutmigratingbirds’“V”formation【答案】45B46.C47.D48.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了新研究表明候鸟的V形飞行方式是为了节省能量。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第4段“Scientistswerealsosurprisedtoseethatmigratingbirdstimedtheirwingbeatsandchangedtheirplacesinaverysimplewaytomakethemostoftheliftingeffect”可知，候鸟振动翅膀和改变位置的V形飞行方式，是为了充分利用升力，故选B。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第7段“Butitcouldmeanevenmoreforairplanecompanies—helpingthemunderstandhowtheycanimitatethatwiththeirplaneformationstosaveenergy,”可知，这个新研究对航空公司想出帮助飞机节能的方法很有帮助。故选C。【47题详解】词义猜测题。根据第7段“Butitcouldmeanevenmoreforairplanecompanies—helpingthemunderstandhowtheycanimitatethatwiththeirplaneformationstosaveenergy,”可知，是指效仿候鸟的V形飞行方式，能帮助航空公司理解他们怎么样实现飞机的节能。故imitate是“模仿，效仿”的意思。故选D。【48题详解】主旨大意题。根据第1段“migratingbirdsflyina“V”tosaveenergy,accordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalNature.”可知，本文主要讲述了新研究表明候鸟的V形飞行方式是为了节省能量。故选D。B）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。（每小题2分）Itmaybedifficulttostarthighschool.Thinkingaboutmakingnewfriendsmightmakeyoufeelnervous.____49____Youaregoingtoschoolwithagroupofstudentsofyourage.Hereareseveralsuggestionsforyoutofollow.Forgetyourfearandjusttalktosomeone.It’seasiersaidthandone.Buttrytotakeadeepbreathandfindyourvoice.Don’tbeafraidtoapproach(接近)people.____50____Sitinthemiddleoftheclassroomwithasmanynewfriendsaroundyouaspossible.____51____Takepartinafter-classactivitiesthatinterestyou.Trytomakefriendsintheclubs.Ifyoudon’tjoinanything,youwillbejustgoingtoclassandthengoinghome.Beinginaclubmakesyoumoresocial.Stayclean.Noonelikesabadsmellthatcouldknocksomeoneover.Showereveryday,brushyourteethandwashyourhair.____52____Berespectful(尊重的)ofpeople’sdifferences.____53____Andeveryonebelievesindifferentthings.Itisagoodthingtohavedifferentfriendswithdifferentopinionsbecauseyoucaneachshareyourown.A.Joinclubs.B.Startinganewlifemightmakeyouexcited.C.Butdon’tworry,becauseyouarenotalone.D.Everyonehashisorherownopinionoftheworld.E.Ifyourespectothers,otherswilldothesametoyou.F.Youaresupposedtomakeyourselflookcleanandtidy,whateveryouwear.G.Introduceyourselfandstartaconversationaboutsomethingyouhaveincommon.【答案】49.C50.G51.A52.F53.D【解析】【分析】短文大意：短文是关于新的高中生活的几条建议：忘记恐惧，去和别人交谈；参加社团活动；保持整洁的形象；尊重跟你有不同意见的人。【49题详解】根据下文You