Unit 5 重点单词变形 词组 短语 句型【考点清单】VIP

Unit5LanguagesaroundtheWorldUnit1TeenageLife话题世界上的语言词汇Billion,native,attitude,reference,refer,system,despite,factor,base,bone,symbol,carve,dynasty,variety,major,means,classic,regard,character,calligraphy,global,affair,appreciate,specific,struggle,gas,petrol,subway,apartment,beg,equal,gap,demand,vocabulary,description,relate短语Referto,upsanddowns,allthewaythrough,dateback(to...),overtheyears,nomatter(where,who,what,etc.),highregardfor,playagreaterrolein,pointofview,reachthegoal,gethighmarks,bridgethegap句型the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语),the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)……越……，(……)越……句型：nomatterwhere...“无论在哪里……”引导让步状语从句语法限制性定语从句关系副词和介词+关系代词考点1.basedadj.以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的[教材原句]Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.(P62)最初,书面汉语是一种以图画为基础的语言。【拓展】(1)basevt.以……为据点;以……为基础n.底部;根据base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上bebasedon/upon以……为基础;依据……atthebaseof在……底部basicadj.基本的;基础的basisn.基础;基本原则onthebasisof在……基础上;基于……onaregularbasis定期[近义]bottom,foundation【经典练】单句语法填空(1)Pleasedorememberthatsuccessisbased______hardwork.(2)Thestudy______(base)ondatafrom2,100collegestudents.

(3)Contactwithotherpeopleisa______(base)humanneed.(4)______(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.(5)You’llbeabletochoosearoom______(base)onyourownpersonaltastes.(6)Contactwithotherpeopleisa_______(base)humanneed.(7)Itisrecommendedthatweshouldconductphysicalexaminationonaregular________(base).(8)Thestudy__________(base)ondatafrom2,100collegestudents.[写美句]——句式升级(9)Thefilmwasbasedonatruestoryanditwasdeeplytouching.→____________________，thefilmwasdeeplytouching.(分词短语作状语)→Thefilm___________________wasdeeplytouching.(分词短语作定语)【写作佳句】Basedonmyownexperience,learningEnglishonlineisreallyagreatwayforEnglishlearners.[2020·5月天津卷，书面表达]根据我自己的经验，网上学习英语对英语学习者来说是一个很好的方式。答案:（1）on（2）wasbased（3）basic（4）Basing（5）based(6)basic(7)basis(8)wasbased(9)Basedonatruestory，basedonatruestory考点2.varietyn.(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化[教材原句]Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.(P62)多年以来,这种书写体发展成不同的形式,因为在那段时间,由于人们在地理上的分裂,方言和文字的多样性也随之产生。【拓展】(1)avarietyof＝varietiesof种类繁多的(2)variousadj．不同的；各种各样的(3)varyvt.&.vi．改变；变化varyfrom...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动varyin...在……方面丰富多样 varywith...随着……的变化而变化[名师点津]avarietyof(varietiesof)既可修饰复数可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。该短语修饰复数可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;修饰不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。【经典练】单句语法填空①Oneoftheadvantagesisthatwecanfind_________(variety)topics，suchasscience，cultureandhistory.②Theresearchteamismadeupofthepupils,whoseages______(various)from10to15.③Thereare___________(variety)ofreasonsinfavourofmyopinionthataChinesedictionaryshouldn’tincludeEnglishwords.④Oneoftheadvantagesisthatwecanfindvarious(variety)topics,suchasscience,cultureandhistory.⑤Theresearchteamismadeupofthepupils,whoseagesvary(various)from10to15.⑥Therearevarieties(variety)ofreasonsinfavourofmyopinionthataChinesedictionaryshouldn’tincludeEnglishwords.句式升级⑦Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadiumandithasallkindsofwell-equippedfacilities．→Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium,_____________________well-equippedfacilities.(定语从句)答案:①various②vary③varieties④various⑤vary⑥varieties⑦whichhasvarietiesof考点3.equaln.同等的人;相等物vt.相同的;同样的[教材原句]...ourrelationshipiscloseandwe’reequals,soIonlyneedafewwordstobridgethegapbetweenus.(P66)……我们的关系很亲密,并且我们是平等的,因此我只需说几个字,就能消除我们之间的距离。【拓展】(1)theequalof与……相等/匹敌bewithoutequal=havenoequal无与伦比(2)equalsb/sthin(doing)sth在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物(3)beequaltosth/doingsth等于/胜任(做)某事beequalinsth在某方面平等/相同(4)unequaladj.不相等的;不平等的equalityn.平等;相等equallyadv.相等地;同等地;公平地[联想]表示“胜任……”的其他表达：①beupto；②befitfor；③bequalifiedfor近义词：rival（竞争对手，可与之匹敌者）,opponent(对手，竞争者），match（可与之匹敌者）【经典练】单句语法填空(1)Chinahasalwaysinsistedthatallcountries,bigorsmall,shouldbe_______(equality).(2)Menandwomenmustbetreated_______(equal)ineducationandemployment.(3)Anymanwillbeequal_______thetask;solongasheiscareful,youshouldgivehimatry.(4)Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsports，andpayattentiontomentalhealthwhichisequal___________physicalhealth.(5)[2021·天津卷3月]FascinatedbythestructuralbeautyoftheForbiddenCityasapainter,sheis________(equal)interestedtolearnmoreaboutChinesephilosophy.(6)Nooneequalshim____courage,aboutwhicheveryoneknows.[写美]——应用文之申请信(7）[全国Ⅰ卷，书面表达]我确信我能胜任做这次中国绘画展的志愿者。IamconvincedthatI____________beingavolunteerfortheChinesepaintingexhibition.(8)我们要积极参加各种体育运动,注重心理健康,它与身体健康同等重要。Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsports,andpayattentiontomentalhealth________________.答案:(1)equal(2)equally(3)to(4）to（5）equally（6）in(7）amequalto(8)whichisequaltophysicalhealth.考点4.appreciatevt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会[教材原句]AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs，anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.(P62)随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。【拓展】(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing重视/感激……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……，我将不胜感激appreciate＋that/wh-从句理解/意识到……express/conveyone'sappreciationtosb.向某人表达感激之情注意：appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动词－ing形式作宾语。当appreciate，hate，dislike，love，like，depend/relyon等词(组)后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。【经典练】【语境巧练】写出下列句中appreciate的含义①Thehappiestarenotthosewhoownallthebestthings,butthosewhocanappreciatethebeautyoflife．______②IappreciatethedifficultyyouarefacedwithbutIdon’tthinkIcanhelpyou．______③Iwouldmuchappreciateitifyouwouldarrangethisforme．______单句语法填空①I’dappreciate____ifcouldgivemeabitofgoodadvice.②Chinesecalligraphyhaswonthe______________(appreciate)ofalotofpeopleoutsideChina.③Iappreciate____________(give)theopportunitytoworkinyourcompanytwoyearsago.[写美句]——应用文之感谢信我写信是为了表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢你在我心情低沉的时候给我鼓励和安慰。④_______________________________forencouragingandcomfortingmewhenIwasindepression.[佳句]⑤I'dappreciateyourreplyingtomyletteratyourearliestconvenience.＝_____________________youcouldreplytomyletteratyourearliestconvenience.[2020·全国Ⅲ卷，书面表达]如果方便时你能尽快回复我的信件，我将感激不尽。【语境巧练】①欣赏②理解③感激【即时练】①it②appreciation③beinggiven④I'mwritingtoexpressmyappreciation⑤I'dappreciateitif考点5.demandn.要求;需求vt.强烈要求;需要vi.查问[教材原句]ButifI’mtalkingtosomeonewhoisn’tveryclosetome,Imustmakemyrequestlonger—andImustmakeitaquestion,notademand.(P66)但是,如果我和一个不是很亲近的人交谈,我必须把我的请求说的时间长一些——我必须确保这是请求,而不是一个要求。【拓展】(1)demandtodosth.要求做某事demandofsbtodosth.要求某人做某事demandsth.of/fromsb.向某人要某物demandthat.../itisdemandedthat...(should)+动词原形要求……(2)bein(great)demand(迫切)需求meet/satisfy/serveone’sdemands(forsth)满足某人(对……)的需求(3)demandingadj.要求高的;费力的[名师点津](1)demand的主语是物时,常用demanddoing或demandtobedone结构。(2)“要求某人做……”不可用demandsbtodo...,但可用demandofsbtodo...。(3)demand后通常不接双宾语。【经典练】单句语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Likerunning,racewalkingisphysically__________(demand),shesays.②First,sciencegraduatesare____greaterdemandthanartsonesinChina.③Yesterdayevening，thecouplecametomyhouseanddemandedhelp________me.[写美句]——应用文之新闻报道④[2020·全国卷Ⅰ，书面表达]因为摘苹果需要爬树，所以农民们要求我们谨慎小心。Becausepickingapplesinvolvedclimbingtrees,thefarmersdemandedthatwe___________________________．【写作佳句】Becauseitwasademandingtask，themanagerdemandedthatwe(should)workextrahourstomeetcustomers'demands.因为这是一项要求比较高的任务，所以经理要求我们加班来满足顾客们的需求。答案:①demanding②in③of/from④shouldbecautiousandcareful考点6.regardn.尊重;关注vt.把……视为;看待[教材原句]ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.(P62)对汉字书写体系的高度重视在汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展过程中可以看出来,这种被称为中国书法的艺术形式已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。【拓展】(1)the(high)regardfor...对……(高度)尊重inthis/thatregard在这/那点上in/withregardto...关于某人(某事),在这点上giveone’sregards(tosb)代某人(向某人)问好asregards关于;至于(后接名词或从句作宾语)(2)regardwith以(某种心态)来看(某人或某事)regard...as...把……看作……(3)regardlessof不管；不顾(4)regardingprep.关于,至于,就……而论【经典练】单句语法填空(1)Pleasegivemybest________(regard)tootherfriendswhocometothedinner.(2)Withregard________myfavouriteChinesepoet,I’dliketointroduceDuFutoyou.(3)TheSpringFestival________(regard)asthemostimportantfestivalforChinesepeople.

(4)TheInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardless______timeandspace.[小话题写作](5)如今,骑自行车与慢跑和游泳一样,被看作是最好的全能运动形式之一。Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_________oneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.答案:①regards②to(3)isregarded(4)of(5)isregardedas考点7.referto指的是；提及；查阅；参考[教材原句]Pronouns(it,they,she,etc.)refertosomethingorsomebodymentionedearlier.(P60)代词(it,they,she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。【拓展】(1)refer...to...把……提交给……；让(人)参考……referto...as...把……称作……(2)referencen.提及，涉及；参考；参考书目referencebooks/material参考书/参考资料in/withreferenceto关于[指津]refer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为referred,referred,referring。【经典练】【语境巧练】[写出下列句中referto的含义](1)Althoughshedidn’tmentionanynames,everyoneknewwhoshewasreferringto.指的是(2)Youcanrefertoonlinearticlestocompleteyoureducation.参考(3)Pleaserefertothedictionaryifyoudon’tknowtheword.查阅(4)Weagreednevertorefertothematteragain.提到[单句语法填空](5)Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferredtoas“whitecollarworkers”.(6)You’dbetterwritedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuturereference(refer).(7)Asthesituationwasunusual,hereferredthemattertotheeditor.(8)[写美句]（2020全国Ⅰ作文话题）几十年来，人们一直常常用“雷锋”来指称有奉献精神的人。Fordecades,“LeiFeng”hasbeenthetypicalwayof___________________________.【写作佳句】Thetextbooksanddictionariescanbeusedasreferencebookswhilethemagazinesserveasreadingmaterials.课本和词典可以用作参考书籍,然而杂志只能当作阅读材料。答案:(1)指的是(2)参考(3)查阅(4)提到(5)as(6)reference(7)to(8)referringtothosewhohavethespiritofdevotion考点8.dateback(to)追溯到……;始于……[教材原句]ItdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseofLonggu—animalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.(P62)它可以追溯到几千年前龙骨的使用时期——古代中国人民将符号刻到动物的骨头和壳上。【拓展】(1)datefrom追溯到；始于；起源于(2)outofdate过时的uptodate(with...)赶上(……的)潮流(3)setadatefor...确定……的日期makeadatewithsb.与某人约会/预约[指津](1)datebackto和datefrom一般无进行时态和被动语态。(2)datebackto和datefrom作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。【经典练】单句语法填空①TheDragonBoatFestival,which________(date)backtotheWarringStatesPeriods,isoneofthefourmostimportantfestivalsinChina.②Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeup_____datewithmoderntechnology.[写美句]——句式升级③NanHuatempleislocated22kilometersawayfromShaoguan,rightatriverbankofCaojianganditdatesbackto1500yearsago.____________________________,NanHuatempleislocated22kilometresawayfromShaoguan,rightattheriverbankofCanjiang.(分词做作状语）【写作佳句】中国饮茶文化源远流长,可以追溯到1000多年前。Chinesetea-drinkingculturehasalonghistorydatingbacktomorethan1,000yearsago.答案:①dates②to③Datingbackto1500yearsago考点9.relateto...与……相关;涉及;谈到[教材原句]Doeseachsentencerelatetothemainidea?(P67)每句话都与主旨有关吗?【拓展】(1)relate...to...把……和……联系起来berelatedto...和……有关/有联系relateto...与……相关;涉及;谈到relatesthtosb向某人讲述某事(2)relatedadj.相关的;有联系的relationn.(relations)(人、团体、国家之间的)关系;[U,C]关联in/withrelationto...与……有关;涉及relationshipn.关系;联系relativeadj.比较的;相对的n.亲戚relativelyadv.相对地;相当地【经典练】[单句语法填空](1)Allthepapersthatrelate_______thissubjectarewrittenbyhim.(2)TheDutchlanguageisclosely_______(relate)toGerman.(3)Itisdifficult_______(relate)theseresultswith/toanyknowncases.

(4)Weseektoimprove_______(relate)betweenourtwocountries.[完成句子](5)它向我们传递一个信息:整体是由很多紧密相关的小的部分组成的。Itconveysamessagetous:Awholeismadeupofmanysmallparts_______________.答案:(1）to（2）related(3)torelate(4)relations(5)thatarecloselyrelated考点10.句型公式：the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语),the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)……越……，(……)越……(教材原句)Itwasexerciseforthebrain;themoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就会越发达。【拓展】(1)the＋比较级，the＋比较级越……，就越……(2)themore...，theless...越……，越不……themore...，thebetter...……越多，……就越好(3)形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级越来越……【经典练】[单句语法填空](1)Themoreyouknowaboutourtraditionalculture,themore(much)youareinterestedinit.(2)Themorecarefulyouare,thefewer(few)mistakesyouwillmake.(3)Theharder(hard)youwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.(4）Themoredifficultthequestionis，the_________(likely)heisabletoanswerit.(5)Thehigheryouclimb，the________(far)youwillsee.[小话题写作](6)我个人认为,教育就是学习,你学得越多,你为生活准备得就越多。AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,themoreyouequipforyourlife.

[写美句]——应用文佳句（7）[北京卷，书面表达]你对我们的传统文化的了解越多，你就对它越感兴趣。Themoreyouknowaboutourtraditionalculture，_______________________it.【写作佳句】Itwasourteacherwhoremindedusthatthemoreconfidentwewere，themorelikelyweweretosucceed.是我们的老师提醒我们：我们越自信，就越有可能成功。答案:(1)more(2)fewer(3)harder（4）lesslikely（5）farther（6）themoreyouequipforyourlife.

（7）themoreyouareinterestedin考点11.句型：nomatterwhere...“无论在哪里……”引导让步状语从句Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.(教材P62)

即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。【拓展】(1)nomatterwhere,who,what,etc.意为“不论……;不管……”。(2)“nomatter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+-ever”在用法上的异同:①“nomatter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句,可放在主句前或主句后。②whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时,相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。③whenever,wherever,however引导让步状语从句时,相当于nomatterwhen/where/how,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。【经典练】[完成句子](1)通过建立家庭博客,无论在哪里,我们都能便利地分享我们的经历。Bysettingupafamilyblog,wecanconvenientlyshareourexperiences_____________________.(2)无论何时我犯了错误,您总是耐心地指出来,并帮助我改正它。__________________Imadeamistake,youwerealwayspatienttopointitoutandhelpedmecorrectit.(3)贝蒂的主要优势是无论情况多么紧急她都能保持冷静。Betty’smainstrengthisherabilitytokeepcalmnomatter____________________.(4)我们许诺,任何参加这个聚会的人都有跟那个电影明星合影的机会。Wepromise____________________hasachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.[句式升级](5)Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.→Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,____________________.【写作佳句】Everyyear,whoevermakesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年,制作最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节中获奖。答案:(1)nomatterwhereweare(2)Nomatterwhen(3)howurgentthesituationis(4)whoeverattendstheparty(5)howeverharditis一．语法精讲——限制性定语从句之关系副词与介词+关系代词思维导图关系副词与关系代词的易混点若先行词为一些表示地点的抽象名词，如situation,point,stage,position,part,condition,case等，且引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。Ihavecometo