Unit 1 教材超前集中词汇学习（教师版）

高中英语新教材超前集中词汇学习【人教版2019】选择性必修第四册Unit1ScienceFiction教师版主题语境：人与社会——信息技术创新第一部分集中熟记Ⅰ.课文词汇fiction/ˈfɪkʃn/n.小说；虚构的事sciencefiction/informalsci-fi/[abbr.SF]科幻小说（或影片等）testout检验；测试bonus/ˈbəʊnəs/n.意外收获；奖金；红利morelike更像是；更接近ridiculous/rɪˈdɪkjələs/adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的integrity/ɪnˈteɡrəti/n.诚实正直；完整；完好dignity/ˈdɪɡnəti/n.庄重；庄严；尊严salary/ˈsæləri/n.薪水；薪金absurd/əbˈsɜːd/adj.荒谬的；荒唐的appointment/əˈpɔɪntmənt/n.预约；约会；委任nail/neɪl/n.指甲；趾甲；钉子vt.（用钉子）钉牢；固定saleswoman/ˈseɪlzwʊmən/n.女售货员；女推销员guilty/ˈɡɪlti/adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的suspend/səˈspend/vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓ladder/ˈlædə(r)/n.梯子；阶梯dismiss/dɪsˈmɪs/vt.让（某人）离开；解散；解雇；消除declare/dɪˈkleə(r)/vt.表明；宣称；公布whereas/ˌweərˈæz/conj.然而；但是；尽管rumour/ˈruːmə(r)/n.谣言；传闻presume/prɪˈzjuːm；NAmE-'zuːm/vt.&vi.假设；假定fare/feə(r)/n.车费；船费；飞机票价weekly/ˈwiːkli/adj.每周的n.周刊ona...basis根据；以……的方式（基准）calculate/ˈkælkjuleɪt/vt.计算；核算；预测chairwoman/ˈtʃeəwʊmən/n.女主席；女董事长；女委员长gramme[NAmEɡram]/ɡræm/n.克（重量单位）flour/ˈflaʊə(r)/n.面粉；（谷物磨成的）粉venue/ˈvenjuː/n.活动场地（如音乐厅、会场等）salesman/ˈseɪlzmən/n.售货员；推销员alien/ˈeɪliən/n.外星人（生物）；外国人adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的prosandcons事物的利与弊；支持与反对blurred/blɜːd/adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的superior/suːˈpɪəriə(r)；sjuː-/adj.更好的；占优势的；（在级别或重要性上）更高的superiorto比……更好；更胜一筹takeover占上风；取而代之；接管；接手inaction/ɪnˈækʃn/n.无行动；不采取措施conflictwith与……冲突或抵触labour/ˈleɪbə(r)/n.劳动（者）；体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作leather/ˈleðə(r)/n.皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套lever/ˈliːvə(r)；NAmEˈlevər/n.操纵杆；杠杆panel/ˈpænl/n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组inch/ɪntʃ/n.英寸（长度单位，等于2.54厘米）backwards/ˈbækwədz/[NAmEbackward]adv.向后；倒着；往回grip/ɡrɪp/vt.&vi.紧握；抓紧hazy/ˈheɪzi/adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的niece/niːs/n.侄女；外甥女fetch/fetʃ/vt.（去）拿来；（去）请来handkerchief/ˈhæŋkətʃɪf/n.手帕；纸巾lamp/læmp/n.灯；台灯turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是pace/ˈpeɪs/n.速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏fallaway（逐渐）减少；消失division/dɪˈvɪʒn/n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）puff/pʌf/n.（烟、气等的）一缕；少量；喘息urge/ɜːdʒ/n.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐haveanurgeto有强烈的欲望做某事random/ˈrændəm/adj.随机的；不可思议的maximum/ˈmæksɪməm/adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度explode/ikˈspləʊd/vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破jolt/dʒəʊlt/n.震动；摇晃；颠簸vt.&vi.（使）震动；摇晃flip/flɪp/vt.&vi.（使）快速翻转；（用手指）轻抛stun/stʌn/vt.使震惊，使昏迷mud/mʌd/n.泥；泥浆overstatement/ˈəʊvəsteɪtmənt/n.夸大；夸张IsaacAsimov/aizəkæzimɒf/艾萨克・阿西莫夫LarryBelmont/'læribelmɒnt/拉里・贝尔蒙特Claire/kleəs(r)/克莱尔GladysClaffern/'glædisklæfən/格拉迪丝・克拉芬Braille(alsobraille)/breil/布拉耶盲文（凸点符号）TheThree-BodyProblem《三体》Hugo/hjugəu/Award雨果奖Ⅱ.核心词汇分类记忆阅读词汇学其意1.fictionn.小说；虚构的事2.bonusn.意外收获；奖金；红利3.integrityn.诚实正直；完整；完好4.venuen.活动场所5.nailn.指甲；趾甲；钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定6.suspendvt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓7.grammen.克(重量单位)8.flourn.面粉9.leathern.皮革[pl.]皮衣；皮外套10.paneln.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组11.inchn.英寸12.niecen.侄女；外甥女13.absurdadj.荒唐的；荒谬的14.randomadj.随机的；不可思议的15.maximumadj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度16.chairwomann.女主席；女董事长；女委员长高频词汇知其形1.dignityn.庄重；庄严；尊严2.saleswomann.女售货员；女推销员3.dismissvt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除4.superioradj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的5.labourn.劳动(者)；体力劳动vi.奋斗；努力工作6.backwardsadv.向后；倒着；往回7.fetchvt.(去)拿来；(去)请来8.pacen.速度；步伐；节奏vt.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏9.lampn.灯；台灯10.urgen.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐11.salaryn.薪水；薪金12.handkerchiefn.手帕；纸巾拓展词汇通变化1.appointmentn.预约；约会；委任→appointvt.约定；任命→appointedadj.指定的；事先约好的2.guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guiltn.内疚；犯罪；有罪3.declarevt.公布；声明；表明；宣称→declarationn.宣言；公布4.calculatevt.计算；核算；预测→calculationn.计算,估计→calculatorn.计算器5.inactionn.无行动；不采取措施→inactiveadj.不活跃的；不活动的→inactivatev.使不活动6.divisionn.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→dividevt.分开；分离7.urgen.强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgencyn.紧急；紧急的事→urgentadj.紧急的；迫切的→urgentlyadv.迫切地；紧急地8.mudn.泥；泥浆→muddyadj.泥泞的；模糊的；混乱的高频词块明搭配1.testout检验；测试2.morelike更像是；更接近3.orrather更确切地说4.prosandcons事物的利与弊；支持与反对5.turnaround转身6.makeanappointmentwithsb与某人约会7.ona...basis根据；以……的方式(基准)8.superiorto比……更好；更胜一筹9.experimentwith以……做试验10.takeover占上风；取而代之；接管；接手11.conflictwith与……冲突或抵触12.turnout关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是13.fallaway(逐渐)减少；消失14.haveanurgeto有强烈的欲望做某事词汇风暴连连看1.头脑风暴一“prosandcons”词块①backandforth A.到处②upanddown B.到处；左右两边③hereandthere C.来来回回④nowandthen D.上上下下⑤rightandleft E.时而；不时答案①—⑤CDAEB2.头脑风暴二——“be＋动词ed形式＋to”短语荟萃1）“说”①chat A.vi.&n.聊天；闲聊②whisper B.vi.小声说；耳语③inform C.vt.声明；陈述④announce D.vt.通知；告知⑤declare E.vt.宣布；声明;断言；公布；申报⑥state F.vt.宣告；宣布答案①—⑥ABDFEC2）前缀over表示“过度；在……之上”①overstatement A.adj.超重的②overweight B.n.夸大；夸张③overlook C.vi.吃得过量④overuse D.vt.&n.过度使用⑤overeat E.vt.俯瞰；忽视答案①—⑤BAEDC3.头脑风暴三——与课文话题关联词汇1）信息技术研发创新①equip A.v.鼓舞；启示②create B.n.&v.研究③invent C.v.创造④Inspire D.v.发明⑤research E.v.装备；配备⑥analyze A.v.探索⑦observe B.v.解决⑧explore C.v.简化⑨solve D.v.观测；观察⑩simplify E.v.分析答案①—⑤ECDAB答案⑥—⑩EDABC2）信息技术①develop A.adj.自动化的②application B.n.模型③automatic C.n.应用程序④control D.v.控制⑤model E.v.研发；开发⑥chip A.adj.人工的⑦artificial B.n.程序⑧intelligence C.n.功能⑨programme D.n.芯片⑩Function E.n.智能答案①—⑤ECADB答案⑥—⑩DAEBCⅢ.经典句型牢记心1.句型公式：whether引导的宾语从句Onthesecondmorning,Tonybroughtherbreakfastandthenaskedherwhethersheneededhelpdressing.第二天早晨,托尼给她端来了早餐,还问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。2.句型公式：morethan...不仅仅……Sheheardhimdeclarethathedidnotwanttoleaveherthenextday,andthathefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.她听到他说第二天不想离开她,他感觉他不仅仅只是想取悦她。3.句型公式：feellike...感觉像……ItfeltlikeIwasbeingdrivenfastonawindingroad.这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。4.句型公式：solongas引导条件状语从句SolongasItravelledatmaximumspeed,itdidn’tmatter.只要我全速行进就不会有问题。第二部分集中练通Ⅰ.阅读词汇认知1.Theysleepbesidecowsandsheepinhutsmadeofsticksandmud.n.泥2.Ifyouwerewrong,admitit.Youwon’tlosedignity,butwillgainrespect.n.尊严3.Today,astheworld’surbanpopulationexplodes,citiesbecomemorecrowded.v.急剧增加4.TheShardseemsasymbolofthedivisioninsocietybetweentheveryrichandthepoor.n.差异5.Whentheysaysomethingsillyordosomethingridiculous,thereisalwaystheInternettospreadthenewsinminutes.adj.荒唐的6.Handwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,buttheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.adj.更好的Ⅱ.写作词汇填空1.Hewouldnotacceptthisofficeforsuchasmallsalary(薪水).2.Theinhabitantshavetowalkamiletofetch(去取)water.3.Scientificinventionshaveraisedlabour(劳动)productivitybyabigmargin.4.Thefatherfeltashamedoftheirdaughterwhenshewasdismissed(解雇)bythecompany.5.Someoftheexperimentsshowpositiveresults,whereas(然而；但是)othersdonot.6.MymainreasonforsubscribingtoNewScientististokeepthepace(步伐；节奏)ofadvancesinscience.7.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,you'dbettermakeaweekly(每周的)plan.Ⅲ.拓展词汇变形1.Ifnecessary,studentsareallowedtocalculatethevolume(容积)ofthecontainerusingacalculator,whichwillmakethecalculationsimpler.(calculate)2.Ourclasswasdividedintosixgroupstomakeanexperiment,butsomestudentsarenotsatisfiedwiththedivision.(divide)3.Hewasappointedasheadmasterandwantedtotellhisgirlfriendthegoodnewsattheappointedtime,butshemissedtheirappointmentsomehow.(appoint)4.Shedeclaredthatshewouldratherchangehermindandmanycitizenswerestronglyagainstherdeclaration.(declare)5.Ifeltguiltyaboutbreakingmypromise；thatis,Ifeltasenseofguilt.(guilt)6.Witnessesthoughthewasdeadbuthewokeup20minuteslater,lyingfacedowninmuddy(mud)water.Ⅳ.词块搭配选用takeover,turnaround,conflictwith,morelike,testout,fallaway,superiorto,orrather1.Wehavefoundtheseresultsconflictwithearlierfindings.2.Thehouseswherewelivedfellawayasweleftthevillage.3.WhowilltakeoverthecompanyafterMrHoweretiresnextmonth?4.Thoughinfluencedbypopularcultureandtrends,theyounggenerationtreatsbuyingmorelikeaprocessofresearching.5.Theyusuallyhavethemedicinetestedoutbeforeputtingitintothemarketalloverthecountry.6.Iturnedaroundandsawapleasantwomanwithabigsmileonherfacewavingtowishmeasafetrip.Ⅴ.句型仿写1.我担心我是否能够按时完成这项任务。(whether引导的宾语从句)IamconcernedaboutwhetherIcanfinishthetaskpunctually.2.我非常荣幸担当你校6月15日即将举行的英语演讲比赛的评委。(morethan)IammorethanhonoredtoactasajudgeatyourEnglishSpeechCompetitiontobeheldinyourschoolonJune15.3.我感觉我正飘浮在悲伤的海洋里。(feellike...)IfeellikeIamfloatingintheoceanofsadness.4.只要你努力学习,我相信你能赶上其他同学。(solongas)Solongasyouworkhard,Ihold