2024高考英语一轮统考复习第二编语法突破专题六冠词学案含解析北师大版

PAGE8-专题六冠词1.(2024·浙江高考，57)Everybodywears________samestyleofclothes.答案：the此处特指校服的款式相同，thesame...“相同的……”。2．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ，62)Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover________past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.答案：the此处特指“过去的25年”，应用定冠词the。3．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ，62)Unexpectedly,I'mface­to­facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat________topofherlungs.答案：theatthetopofone'slungs意为“声嘶力竭”，此处表示大猩猩声嘶力竭地发出吼叫声。故填the。4．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ，65)As________result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.答案：aasaresult是固定搭配，意为“结果”。5．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ，64)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover________top.答案：the此处特指“顶部”，故用定冠词the。6．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ，短文改错)Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.______________________________________________________________答案：第一个to后加thecountryside常与定冠词the搭配，意为“乡下，乡村”。7．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ，短文改错)Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.______________________________________________________________答案：an→aunique是读音以辅音音素开头的单词，其前用a，不用an。8．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ，短文改错)Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons.______________________________________________________________答案：the→a此处指作为一个孩子，表泛指，应用不定冠词a。一不定冠词的基本用法不定冠词a/an运用场合例子1具有泛指的概念，表示“一类”或“其中的一个”Ahorseisausefulanimal.2初次提到某人或某物Ineedanotebook.3在速度、比率、价格等前面Youcanbuysecond­handbooksatalowpriceinoneofourschoolsocieties.4用在某些物质名词前，该物质名词便详细化了Wouldyoulikeacoffeeoratea?5用在某些抽象名词前，该抽象名词便详细化了Hehasagoodknowledgeofchemistry.6用在专出名词前，表示类似的一个或某一个HeisaJiaoYulu.7表示“同一个”的意思Thetwoboysareofanage.8表示独一无二的名词前有形容词修饰时，其前加不定冠词Icouldseearisingsunthen.9不定冠词的特别位置：how/so/as/too＋形容词＋不定冠词＋名词Neverwillyoumeetsokindateacher(＝suchakindteacher)likehim.10名词前冠词a或an的运用应依据发音而不是单词的首字母auniversity;aEuropeancountry;anhour;anhonestman11表示季节、星期、三餐名称的名词前有形容词修饰时，其前需用不定冠词acoldwinter;arainyMonday;adelicioussupper12用在序数词前表示“再一”，“又一”Shethankedhimasecondtime.[拓展]常见带有不定冠词的短语：ahandfulof一把，少量inahurry匆忙alengthof一根，一段inaword总之avarietyof种种inalowvoice低声地awasteoftime奢侈时间aworldofsilence无声的世界atotalof总共allofasudden突然anaverageof平均asamatteroffact事实上80kmanhour每小时80公里haveagoodtime玩得快乐threetimesaday一天三次makeafire生火atatime一次，每次payavisitto探望anhourandahalf一个半小时dosb.afavor帮……一个忙二定冠词the的主要用法[拓展]固定搭配bythehour按小时计算inthe1990s在二十世纪九十年头attheageof在……岁时atthebeginningof在……的起先atthefootof在……的脚下atthemercyof任凭……的摆布inthedistance在远处inthedistantfuture在遥远的将来ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...一方面……另一方面……on(the)topof在……顶上onthephone在电话里on(the)air正在广播/播放onthecontrary正相反breakthelaw违法formthehabitof养成……的习惯inthehabitof有……的习惯三不用冠词的几种状况运用场合例句1季节、节日(用day表示的节日前)、星期、三餐(前面没有修饰词时)等之前，一般不加冠词。theSpringFestival(Festival表示的节日前加the)Therearealotofactivitiesatthebeachinsummer.2名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词全部格等限定词修饰时，一般不加冠词Pleasegiveanotherexampletoillustrateyourpoint.3专出名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词Air,waterandlightareallmatter.4球类、棋类、学科等名称前，一般不加冠词IhavebeenlearningEnglishfor8years.5称呼、头衔、职务等表示抽象性质的名词前，不加冠词Hewaselectedmonitorofourclass.6在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词Attwoo'clockintheafternoon,we'llgatherattheschoolgate,afterwhichwe'llsetoutforthedestinationbybus.7turn(变成，成为)后面的名词前不加冠词。但become后面的名词前肯定要加冠词MydreamwastobecomeateacherwhenIgrewup,butIturnedwriter20yearslater.8在一个以“一般名词＋as”所引导的让步状语从句中，该一般名词前不加冠词Childasheis,heknowsalot.＝Althoughheisachild,heknowsalot.9泛指复数名词前不用冠词Optionalcoursesenablestudentstoengageinwhattheyarereallyinterestedinandwhattheyarewillingtodevoteto.10school,church,prison,hospital前不加冠词，表示抽象的概念Ourschoolisquiteclosetoourhome,sowecangotoschooltogetherbybike.11肯定不行数名词，如fun,news,information,word(消息),advice,nature，前不用不定冠词Wenotonlygainawell­balancedlifethroughgoinginforsports,butalsogetmorechancestomakemorefriendsandstayclosertonature.[拓展]固定搭配deeply/heavilyindebt负债累累ingoodhealth身体安康ingoodcondition性能良好ingreatdemand急需ingreatneedof急需……indanger有危急inoffice就职inhonorof为了纪念……introuble陷入麻烦infavorof赞同withanger怒气冲天in/withinsight在视野之内in(outof)order秩序井然(无序)onbusiness出差onholiday度假onleave休假onwatch值班onfire失火heartandsoul一心一意knifeandfork刀叉husbandandwife夫妇brotherandsister兄弟姐妹frommorningtillnight从早到晚onhorseback骑着马atsea在海上(尤指乘船)，不知所措四特别状况Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2024·中心民大附中月考)Besides,youcanjustputthecontentsofthebasketintoyoursuitcaseifyouarein________hurrytoleavefortheairport.答案：a此处是inahurry固定短语，意为“急于做某事”。句意：此外，假如你急于动身去机场，你可以把篮子中的东西放进你的行李箱。2．(2024·石家庄市重点中学高三毕业班摸底考试)Italsopublishesliteraryworks,butmainlyshortstoriesandpoems,aswellashumoroussketches(小品)anditsuniquestyleof________NewYorkercartoons.答案：thetheNewYorker《纽约客》为报刊杂志类，前面加定冠词the。3．(2024·广东省肇庆市蓝精灵中学高三月考)Ifyouareinterestedin________certainarticleoryouthinkitofgreatimportance,youcandownloadandstoreitforfutureuse.答案：a设空处后面的certain表示“某种，某一”，通常与不定冠词a连用，构成acertain修饰后面的名词。4．(2024·河南省巩义市高三模拟考试)Toeasetheworldwidecommunicationamongnations,weshouldcreate________commonlanguageandprovidecoursesofit.答案：a此处表示泛指一种共同的语言，故运用a。5．Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof________mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalclean­up.答案：the“oneof＋the＋可数名词的复数形式”结构，表示“……之一”。6．Insteadofwinningthegoldmedalashadbeenexpected,thisworldrecordholderonlycame________fifthinthegame.答案：/句意：没有像人们预料的那样赢得金牌，这个世界纪录保持者仅在竞赛中屈居第五。comefifth意为“位列第五”，序数词作状语时，其前不用冠词。7．(2024·广东省高三“六校联盟”第一次联考)Toheramazement,hersonwasgratefulforherwillingnesstocallandoffered________apologyofhisown.答案：an此处空格后面是apology，其发音是以元音音素开头，故运用an。8．Researchershavenotfound________cure,buttheyaredevelopingabetterunderstandingofthedisease.答案：a句意：探讨人员们还没有找到治疗方法，但他们对那种疾病有了更好的了解。cure意为“治疗方法”时是可数名词。9．Howbeautifullyshesings!I'veneverheard________bettervoice.答案：a句意：她唱得多么好听啊！我从来没听过比这更好听的声音。“否定词＋不定冠词＋比较级＋名词”，表示最高级意义。10．Samhasbeenappointed________manageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotake________placeofGeorge.答案：/;the句意：萨姆接替乔治被任命为工程部经理。表示职位、头衔的名词作表语、主语补足语、宾语补足语或同位语时，前面不用冠词；taketheplaceof意为“代替……，取代……，接替……的位置”，为固定短语。Ⅱ.单句改错1．Tobeahonestpersonisthemostimportantwealthinourlife.______________________________________________________________答案：a→anhonest的读音是以元音音素开头的，此处表示“一个诚恳的人”，用anhonestperson。2．(2024·青海省西宁市四中高三一模)Weighingtoomuchcandamageyourhealth,andobesityisthegrowingproblemforbothkidsandadultsaroundtheworld.__________