中考题型分类突破 题型九 短文填空 考点03 根据首字母提示填空（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE8中考题型分类突破题型九短文填空考点03根据首字母提示填空一、综合填空(共10空，计10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。Anoldladywentintothebuildingofabankoneday,carryingalargebagofmoney.Sheaskedtospeakwiththepresidentofthebank.“HowcanIhelpyou?”thebankpresidentasked.Shereplied,“Iwouldliketoopenasavingsaccount（存款账户）,”andplacedthebagofm 1 onhisdesk.Thepresidentwassurprisedtoseethis,soheaskedher,“Madam,howdidyoumakethismoney?”Theoldladyr2.“Imakebets（赌注）.”Surprised,thepresidentthenasked,“Whatkindofbets?”Theoldwomansaid,“Well,forexample,I’llbetyou5,000,000yuanthatyourtonguewillbecomesquareby10o’clocktomorrowmorning.”“What?”thepresidentasked.Hethensmiledandsaid,“You’vegotyourselfabet!”andshookherhandh3.Theoldladysaid,“Okay.MayIbringmylawyerwithmetomorrowa4awitness（见证者）?”“Sure!”thepresidentconfidentlyanswered.Thenextmorning,at10，theoldladyshowedu5withherlawyeratthepresident’soffice.Sheaskedthepresidenttoo6hismouthsotheycouldallsee.Theoldladylookedcloselyathistongueandthenaskedi7shecouldtouchit.“Well,5,000,000yuanisalotofmoney.Iguessit’sOK.”thepresidentsaid.Atthismoment,hesawthatthelawyerwashittinghisheada8thewall.Thepresidentasked,“Whatisthem9withyourlawyer?”Theoldladyanswered,“Ibethim10,000,000yuanthatIwouldt10thetongueofthepresidentofthisbankat10a.m.today.”二、短文综合填空（共5小题，计5分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在短文空白处填上一个适当的词，使短文完整、通顺，语法正确。Althoughtheworldishungry,itiseventhirstier.Whilenearly3/4oftheearthisc1withwater,weareshortofdrinkingwater.Thisisbecauseabout97%ofthewaterontheearthisseawater.Howcanwea2aseriouswatershortage?First,weshouldsavewaterandnotwasteit.Then,weshouldprotectourwaterresourcesandnotpollutethem.Lastly,weshoulddiscoverwaystoreusewater.Scientistshavegotsomeachievementsinthisfield.Butpeople’sneedforwaterisincreasingdaybyday.Wes3don’thaveenoughwater.Whatelsecanwedo?Theseaseemstohavethebestanswer.Thereisp4ofwaterinthesea.Butweneedtotakethesaltawayfromtheseawater.Thisisveryexpensive.Ifscientistscanfindc5waystodoit,wecansolvetheproblemoftheshortageofwater.三、、短文综合填空（本大题共10个空，每空1分，满分10分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在短文空白处填入一个恰当的词，使短文内容完整，通顺，并将所填单词填写在答题卡上相应的题号后。Twoweeksago,onahotsummerafternoon,IwasabouttocrossalittlebusyroadwhenInoticedanoldgrandpawithaheavybagonhisbackjustafewmetersfromme.Hewalkedpainfullyanditlookedasifhislegshadnostrengthtoevenc_________(1)him.Afewminuteslater,IrealizedI’dforgottentocrosstheroad.Andhe’dseenmelookingathim.Ilovedmygrandparentsverymuch.ThatwaswhyIdidn’tf___________（2）tosmileattheoldpeoplewheneverIsawthem.NowImetthisgrandpa.Ididn’twanttom______________(3)thechance,either.Hemovedslowlytomeandhandedmeanote.Therewasanaddresswrittenonit.Asitwasalongwayandanybodywouldpassout（昏倒）insuchweather.Ididn’twanthimtowalkalltheway.SoIshowedhimthed____________(4)andsaidhewouldneedataxi.Hearingthis,heshookhisagainandagainandthatmademefeelalittled___________(5).ThenIaskedwherehecamefrom,herepliedw___________(6)thathewasfromthecountrysideabout10kilometersfromhereandcametovisitarelative.Iwasshockedbecauseheneverlookedasifhecouldtakeeventwostepswithoutf______________(7).SowithoutasecondthoughtIcalledataxiforhim.Thegrandpawasn’tr________________(8)fortheride,forhehadnomoney.Ipaidforhisj_________________(9)andaskedthedrivertodrophimathisplacesafety.WhenIturnedtolookatthegrandpawhosaidthankstomewithafewdropsofhappytearsonhisface,manyunforgettablem__________________(10)ofmygrandparentsflashedinmymind,makingmefeellikecrying.四、每空格限填一词,首字母已给)(14分)"Olyvia,loveissimple.Youdon’thavetodomuchtomakesomeonehappy."ThatwaswhatmymothersaidtomewhenIwasachild.Overayearago,Ihadachance.MygoodfriendKayleetoldmeabouthert_____1toasmalltowncalledGary,andhowitwasalife-changingexperience.Imadeupmymindtogotheremyself.WhenItoldmyparentsaboutthedecision,theydidn’ta_____2atfirst.TheysaidIdidn’tknowmuchabouttheplace.Theywereworriedthatitwasnots_____3formetogothere.Thankfully,afterIexplainedmyplantothemindetail,theysaidyes.WhenourgrouparrivedinGary,InoticedhowdifferentthetownwasfromwhereIlived.Therewerefewstoresorrestaurantsinthetown;mosthadclosed.Soyouwouldbeveryl_______4ifyoucouldfindaplacetobuyfoodordrinks.Houseswerebuiltonsmallhills.Manyofthemhadbrokendoorsorwindows.Myjobwastohelpthelocalpeopletor_______5houses.Theworkdayswerelongandhot,butitwasreallygoodtoseethehousestakingonanewlookdaybyday.Thechildrentherewerealsodifferent.Theyseemedtoenjoyeverymomentinlifethoughtheywerepoor.Thesmallestthingswouldmakethesekidshappy.Icouldn’tfindwordstodescribetheirj_____6whentheyreceivedanice-cream,aballorevenakiss.Thecommunitywaslikeabigfamily.Everyonekneweachotherandwastherewhensomeoneneededhelp.IamsogladthatIhadthisunforgettableexperience.Itrulylearnedthem____7ofwhatmymothersaid.Youdon’tneedtodomuchtomakeadifferencetoothers'lives.五、短文填空阅读下面短文，在空白处写出适当的单词，单词首字母已给出。【有的词请注意词形的变化！】(共12个空，做对一个得1分，共12分)Once,therewasalittlegreyplanet.Peoplelivingonithadn’tlookedafteritwell.(1)Atheyhadexcellentinventionsandspaceshipsbeyondourimagination,theymadetheplanet(2)fofrubbishandpollution.Asaresult,therewerenoplantsor(3)aleft. Oneday,alittleboywaswalkingonthe(4)p.Whenhepassedacave(山洞),henoticedasmall(5)finit.Theflowerwassickandalmostdying.Theboy(6)ditoutcarefullywithitsrootandsomesoil.Thenhetriedtofindsomewheretoplantit,buthefailed.Helookedupintheskyandhefoundthe(7)m.Hethoughttheflowermightgrow(8)wonthemoon.Soheclimbedintoaspaceshipwiththeflowerand(9)ftothemoon.Hegrewthefloweronthemoonandtookcareofiteveryday.Soontheflowersspreadalloverthemoonandthemoonwas(10)cwithredflowers. Whenalltheflowerscomeout,themoonlooks(11)r,likeawarminglight.Ifwedon’tlook(12)aourearthcarefully,thedaywillcomewhenflowerswillonlybeabletogrowonthemoon.六、根据短文意思和所给首字母，写出一个完整正确的单词。TheBambooTrain,or“Norry”inthelocallanguage,isquitefamousinCambodia.Thetrainisinfactabigbamboobedwithfourwheelsandasmallengine.Itcanrunatthe(1)s______ofupto50km/honthetracks.Lotsof(2)v___gotoCambodiatoenjoytheBambooTrainride.Theyhavetopay5dollarsperpersonto(3)g____onthetrain.Thebesttimetotakethetrainisfrom4to6o’clockintheafternoon,(4)b______itiscoolwhenpeopleenjoythecountrysideview.“Itfeelsmorelikearollercoaster,butit’sreallynice,”aGermanytouristTheresaKessemeiersaidaftershe(5)c_____aride.TheBambooTrainhasbecomeapopulartouristattraction.七、阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。DonnaReidhadjustfinishedhertrainingasachildren’sdoctor.AfamousresearchhospitalinNewYorkhadofferedherajobwith(1)g________pay.Andherboyfriend,Tony,hadaclinic(小诊所)intheirhometownandhopedshecouldworkwithhim.Atthesametime,asmallhospital,BackwoodsHospital,inaverypoorareahadalsoofferedDonnaajob.Nowitwastimeforhertodecide(2)w_______towork.Dad:Donna,thatresearchhospitalinNewYorkhasagoodreputation(声誉)forchildren’smedicine.Someofthebestchildren’sdoctorsinthecountryworkthereandyoucan(3)1________alotfromthem.Mom:Yes,Iagreeit’sagoodhospitalandthepayisgood,too.But,that’snotthepoint(要点).Dad:(4)T_________what’sthepoint?Mom:It’sinNewYork,toofaraway!Letmetellyou,dearDonna.Tony’sclinicisjustseveralmilesaway.Youdon’tneedtotravel(5)f________ifyouworkthere.TonyisaniceyoungmanandIguessyou’llgetmarriedsoon.Dad:Ha!It’shardenoughtolivewithahusbandorwife.Workingwiththem,(6)t________?That’sachoicefortrouble.Well,Donna,whatdoyouthink?Donna:I’mthinkingabout(7)a________theofferfromBackwoodsHospital.Dad:ButDonna.lookattheirofferYou’llbeoncall(随时待命)sixdaysaweek.That’sreallya(8)h________job.Mom:Oh,Donna,thepayisanotherproblem.Donna:MomandDad,Ididn'tbecomeadoctorforenjoyingacomfortablelife(9)o________.Dad:No?Then(10)w_______didyoubecomeadoctor?Donna:Iwanttohelppeople.Youknowthat.AndBackwoodsservesthepoor.Backwoods,hereIcome!八、短文填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据短文内容和首字母提示，把文中所缺词语补充出来，使短文完整正确（每空限填一词），并将该单词的完整形式写在答题卡相应编号后的横线上。SaveOurEnvironmentThereinnodoubtthatglobalwarminghasbecomeonofthebiggestproblemswefacetoday.Soit’simportantforustoprotectourenvironment.Asmiddleschoolstudents.whatcanwedo?Firstofall,trytotakebicyclesandpublictransportationtoschoolinsteadofcarsb1itwillmakelessCO2(二氧化碳).Itcannotonlybegoodforourhealth,butalsomakeitpossibleforustogetclosert2nature.Then,it’snecessarytop3uprubbishandputitintodustbin(垃圾桶).Plantingmoretreescanalsohelpalot.However,Weshouldneverforgettoturnoffthelightswhenweleavetheclassroom.B4,whynotreusewaterandpapertolivealow-carbonlife?Ithinkit’severyone’sdutytohelpourEarth.Andeventhesimplestactivitiescanmakeareald5toourenvironment.Sodon’tputitoff!Let’sdowhatwecantoprotectourhome.Ibelievewewillmakeourworldmoreandmorebeautiful.九、短文填空(2018·江苏泰州)Justasafamoussaying(1)g________,“Readingistosuccesswhatwateristofish.”Readingisveryimportantforallhumans.Itcanopenmany(2)d________andcanleadyouintoapathtosuccess.It’squiteclearthateverysuccessfulpersonhasagood(3)h________ofreading.Thisis(4)b________readingisanimportantwaytogettheinformationrequiredtounderstandsomething.Forexample,agooddoctorhastoknowthelatestdevelopmentin(5)m_______byreading.Then,howcanyoudevelopaninterestinreading?Thereisonlyoneway.Letmeexplainthistoyou.Ifyouwanttolearnhowtorideabike,youhavetogetonthebikeasmanytimesaspossible(6)u________youcanrideskillfully(熟练地).Itworksthesamewaywithreading.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourreading,trytoreadas(7)m________asyoucan.Whenyoufinishreadingyourfirstbook,takeanotherbookanddothesame.Ifyouaregoingout,takeamagazine,abook,anarticleorsomething(8)e________toread.Whenyouarereading,trytounderstand(9)w________messagethewriterisgivingtoyou.So,parentsshouldhelptogettheirchildrentoreadasearlyaspossible.Studieshave(10)s________thatreadingtoyourunbornchildisverygood.Inthisway,yourchildwilllikereadinglater.Readingisalwaysawonderfultime.Goodbooksaregoodfriends.十、短文填空（共10分，每小题1分）请根据短文内容及首字母提示填空，使短文意思完整、连贯。TheGreatPyramidofGizaisoneoftheWondersoftheAncientWorld.Itwasb1morethan4.000yearsagoinEgypt.Itissop2thatmillionsoftouristsfromaroundtheworldcometovisititeveryyear.InEgyptthereareover80pyramidsandthe13oneistheGreatPyramid.It14onthewestbankoftheNile.Infact,allthepyramidsalongtheNileareonthewestbank.TheancientEgyptianscomparedtherisingofthesuntothebeginningoflifeandthesettingofthesuntotheendoflife.Thatisw5theirdeadbodieswereburied(埋葬）onthewestbankoftheNile.Youcanh_6imaginehowhugetheGreatPyramidis.Ithasover2millionblocks.Someareasheavyasfiveschoolbuses.A7theywereheavy,workerswereabletoputablockintothepyramideverythreeminutes.Theworkers,Egyptianmenandwomenworkedinteams.Theteamshaddifferentt8.Somedugupthestones.Othersmovedthem.Anotherteamcutthestones.Thelastgroupputthestonesintothepyramid.Thereweresomanydifferentteamsbutthepyramidisperfect.Nostoneisinthew9position.ButhowdidtheEgyptiansmovethoseheavystonestothetopw10anymodernmachinery(机械)?Nooneknowsforsure.ManythingsabouttheGreatPyramidarestillamystery.十一、综合填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Howdoweknowthetime?Aclock,awatchoracellphonecanhelpus.However,manyyearsagotherewerenoclocksandknowingthetimewasnotsoeasy.Overthecenturies,peoplehavedevelopeddifferentw1oftellingthetime.About5,500yearsago,theEgyptiansi2thesunclock.Thiswasatallstonestructure.Itsshadow(影子)showedthemovementofthes3.Theywereabletodetermine（测定）midday.About3,500yearsago,theEgyptiansmadeasundial.Itwassmallerthanthesunclockandcouldmeasure(测量)thetimeforhalfaday.Onc4daysoratnightitwasimpossibletotellthetimewithasunclockorasundial.Waterclockswerethef5clocksnottousethesun.Theideaissimple.Waterflows（流动）fromonecontainer（容器）toanother.Whenthewaterreachesacertainl6,itmovesalever(控制杆)andthisshowsthehours.TheEgyptiansusedwaterclocksabout3,400yearsago.TheseclockswerepopularintheMiddleEastandChinabuttheyf7tokeepaccurate（精确的）time.Inthe13thcentury,themechanicalclockwasinvented.Thiswasmoreaccurate,b8wasexpensivetomake.Overthenextfewcenturiesitwasdeveloped.Forexample,springs(发条)wereaddedaround1500.Thisi9accuracyandallowedclockstobesmaller.In1927,thefirstquartzclockwasdeveloped.Clocksbecamecheapertobuildandown.Peoplebegandependingonthemmoreandmoretorunbusinesses,marketsandsoon.Morerecently,in1956,camethedigitalclock.Andnowadayssatellites（人造卫星）sendourcellphonesthetimetotheexactsecond.Therehasbeenalotofprogressintimekeepingbutsomethingsneverc10.Manofusstillhavetroublegettingoutofbedontimeandnotmissingappointments.十二、阅读理解填词（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）先阅读短文，再在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一字母已给出。Whenyou’revery,veryafraidofsomething,thatfearcanaffect(影响)youandhowyouliveyourlife.WhenIwasyounger,Isawmycousinf1ontoandants’nest.Theantsattacked(攻击)him,andhewasc2interriblebites(咬).AfterthatIbecameveryscaredofants.Iwouldn’teatoutside,andIdidn’tevenliketoplayoutside.Ic3mybedforantseverynight.ButwhenIt4thirteen,IdecidedIcouldn’tletmyfeargettome.Ihadtolearntocontrolmyfearofants.FirstIreadalotaboutdifferentants.Ididn’tfocusonbites,butinsteadIreadabouthowhelpfulantsaretothep5.Antsarereallycool!They’rehard-working,social,andorganized.Theyhelpbringa6andnutrients(营养)totheearth.Theyhelpplantsgrow,cleanupdecaying(糜烂的)m7,andhelpcontrolotherinsects.NextIbegantow8antsfromasafedistance.IstartedtolookatafamilyofantsinrealtimeontheInternetinordertolearnhowtheylive.Littlebylittle,Ifeltmorec9aboutants.FinallyIwentoutsideonedayandletanantmoveontomyhandandt10itgently.Itwasokay!NowthatIknowaboutallthegoodthingsantsdo,I’mnotsoafraidofthemanymore.十三、根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。EveryyearinearlyOctober,AlbuquerqueInternationalBalloonFestivalis(1)h______inAlbuquerque,thebiggestcityinNewMexico.Becauseofthegreatnumberofballoons,itistheworld’s(2)l______ballooningevent.Formorethan30years,guestsfromallovertheworldcometoAlbuquerqueinOctobertocelebrateballooning.In2018，over900,000people(3)a______thisevent.Therewereover500balloonsintheeventwithover1,000pilots.When(4)h______ofcolorfulballoonsflewuphigh,theskyofAlbuquerquebecameamovingcartoon.Itwasfullofcolorsandspecialcharacters.Itwasatimewhen(5)d______cametrueandromancefilledthesky.Grown-upsandchildrenwereamazedandjoyfulduringtheballoonfestival.十四、请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词Chinesewritingisoneoftheworld’sgreatestwritingsystems.Itismorew___1____inusethanalphabetic(字母的)writingsystems.Morethanhalfoftheworld’sbooksarewritteninChinese,includinghistoricalwritingandnovels,alongwithwritingongovernmentandlaw.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedl___2____.Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheu____3___ofanimalsbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarved(刻)byancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancientsymboscanstillbeseenint__4____hanzi.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeoplewered___5_____geographically,leadingtodifferentdialects(方言)andcharacters.This,however,c___6___underEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty.EmperorQinshihuangunited(统一)thesevenmajorstatesintoonecountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Thatwritingsystemwasofgreati___7_____inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillc___8__inwriting.WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmethodtoc___9___China’spresentwithitspast.PeopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.Today,ChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartofChineseculture.AsChinaplaysag___10___roleintheworld,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciate(欣赏)China’sculturethroughthisamazinglanguage.WrittenChinesespreadsChineseculturewhereveritgoes.十六、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。ThevillagersinMhangeni,Africa,facedaverybigchallenge(挑战).Theydidn’thaveaschoolfortheirkids.Thenthevillageelderthoughtofani___1___.Hesaidthattherewasanold,abandoned(废弃的)farmhouse.Itcouldbechangedintoclassroomsaftercleaningandfurnishing(装设备)it.Allthevillagerswerep___2___withhissuggestionandstartedtheprojectimmediately.Theparentsrepairedthebrokenwalls.Somevillagersd___3___thehouseintothreeclassroomsbyusingpiecesofwood.Theothershelpedmakedesksandchairsforthestudents,Still,therewasmuchmoreworktodo.Buttherainswerecoming.Theyhadtos___4___workingfortheschoolasitwasnowthebesttimeforthemtoplant.So,thechildrenofMhangenidecidedtofinishthehouset___5___.Theyhadtohurryassummerhadendedandotherschoolshadalreadyopened.Theydidn’twanttodelay(耽搁)theirstudies.Everydaytheywerebusywithworklikecuttingthegrassandclearingthebushes.Thenewsabouttheprojects___6___andmanypeopleknewit.Twoteacherswhoworkedforthecountry’sDependentofEducationarrivedtohelpout,andtwoforeignvisitorswerealsotouched(感动)bythechildren’sa___7___.Theydonatedmoneyforthemtobuytextbooksandstationery.After10daysofhardwork,thenewschoolwasr__8___.Thekidswereveryhappybutabitworried—theywerebehindintheirstudies.Besides(除……之外)this,theyalsofacedmanyd___9___.Therewerenotenoughclassroomstoholdallthestudents.Andtwoorthreestudentshadtoshareonebook.However,thechildrenarehappytostudyinschool—e__10___intheirnewschoolwhichtheyhelpedtobuild.Thoughtheirschoolmightnotbemodern,theirdreamofhavingaschoolneartheirhomeshascometrue.十七、短文填空阅读下面短文，在空白处写出适当的单词，单词首字母已给出。ConfuciusisthegreatestteacherinChinesehistory.Hewasbornon(1)S__________28th,551B.C.intheKingdomofLu,intoday'sShandongProvince.Whenhewasyoung,heandhismotherhadahard(2)l__________.Attheageoffifteen,hebegantolearnmusic,andhedidwellinit.Thenhewenton(3)l_________othersubjects.Whenhewasthirty,he(4)b_________ateacher.Hestartedhisownschool.Hebelievedeveryoneshouldhaveachancetogeteducationwhethertheywere(5)r__________orpoor.Hehadabout3,000(6)s_________andmanyofthembecamefamous.Chinesese