03 中国无人机在各领域的广泛使用-2023年中考英语热点材料题型专练VIP

03中国无人机在各领域的广泛使用2023年中考英语热点材料题型专练背景材料：这才是大国实力！国产大型四发无人机首飞，全球第一家航空工业技术的发展是大国实力的体现，其中就包括无人机，而我们的无人机技术一直是全球一流的水平，无论是在军用、无人机领域，国产无人机技术都有极高的造诣。据相关媒体报道——近日我国科创企业研发的全球第一款大型四发无人机已经首飞成功，此次试飞活动在四川进行。此次试飞的无人机代号为“双尾蝎D”，是“双尾蝎”系列型号优化的成果，主要为执行支援保障工作。作为“全球第一家”的新型无人机，“双尾蝎D”有多个亮点，首先就是它是中国企业拥有完全知识产权的产品，也就是说，“双尾蝎D”是一款“血统纯正”的国产无人机——它所用到的知识产权成果，全部都是我国自主研发的。其次，“双尾蝎D”尺寸规格更大，该无人机使用了4台发动机，可以由发电机驱动，无人机的翼展宽度超过了20米，长度超过10米，机身高度也在3米以上，起飞重量可达4吨以上——从外观尺寸来看，“双尾蝎D”已经相当于是一架小型固定翼飞机了。再一个，“双尾蝎D”的载荷能力是十分出色的，它的载荷可达1.5吨，货舱容积达到了5立方米——在拥有足够大的载荷空间的情况下，“双尾蝎D”可以执行更多的运输保障任务，这也非常符合其重点关注支援保障的定位。相比较普通的有人驾驶飞机而言，无人机，尤其是大型无人机能够节省的人工成本更高——而且随着技术的提升发展，无人机在运送物资、巡航拍摄等方面发挥的作用，也已经开始能够媲美有人驾驶飞机了。由于无人机不考虑乘员问题，所以集成化、模块化的程度更高，能够覆盖的任务领域也更加广泛，包括军用领域、民用领域，都是无人机一展身手的舞台。我国自主研发的“彩虹”系列无人机，就被广泛应用于军民领域，其中“彩虹-5”无人机近年来受到广泛欢迎，“彩虹-5”也是一种大型国产无人机，作为一种中高端大型无人机，“彩虹-5”如果作为军用无人机的的话，可以凭借其优秀的飞行滞空能力，以及高达1吨的载荷水平，实现察打一体，长时效执行侦察打击任务。而如果作为民用无人机使用的话，“彩虹-5”也可以大量应用于海事巡逻等领域。由于性能出色，“彩虹”系列无人机受到国际社会广泛欢迎，有十几个国家的十几个客户选择购买中国无人机。这才是大国实力——近年来我国的无人机技术发展十分迅速，各类产品也“遍地开花”。如今“双尾蝎D”首飞，也标志着我国的无人机发展又取得了新的成果。相信在今后，我们在无人机领域的成就还将继续锦上添花，再创佳绩。一、完形填空Lastyear,agroupofelephantsmadeadecision(决定):gonorth!Aftermonthsoftraveling,they____1____it500kilometersawayfromtheirhomeinXishuangbanna,Yunnan.Anditseemsthattheyarenotgoingto____2____theirtripanytimesoon.“Asianelephantsoftenstaywithincertainareas.It’svery____3____toseethemtravelsuchalongway,”saidChenMingyong,alifesciencesprofessoratYunnanUniversity.Scientistsare____4____notsurewhytheyaredoingthis.Somebelieveit’sbecausetheyarelookingforbetterfood.AccordingtoZhaoHuaidongfromtheInternationalFundforAnimalWelfare,thenumberofAsianelephantsis____5____becauseofhumanprotectionefforts(努力).Sotheiroldhomesmightnothaveenoughfoodforthem.Meanwhile,thecrops,vegetablesandfruitthatpeoplegrowarequiteattractivetoelephants.____6____possibility,accordingtoChen,isthattheyhavelosttheirway.Somescientistsalsobelievethattheyaretravelingduetomigratoryinstinct(迁徙本能).RecentsolaractivityhaschangedEarth’smagneticfield(磁场).Thismightmaketheelephantsthinkthatthey____7____migrate.Duringtheirlongjourney,the15elephantshavealreadydamaged561,333squaremetersofcropsandcausedeconomiclossesofnearly6.8millionyuan.Butsincetheyare____8____Class-AprotectioninChina,thesameasthegiantpanda,weneedtoprotectthem.Toensurethesafetyofbothhumansandtheelephants,peoplehavefedthemtonsoffoodtoguidethem____9____fromtownsandcities.Seventy-sixpolicecarsandtrucksandninedrones(无人机)havebeenusedtokeepan____10____ontheelephants.Scientistsalsosuggestthatweshoulduseharmlessfences(栅栏)toguidethemontheirwayhome.1．A．went B．walked C．made D．ran2．A．start B．change C．stop D．turn3．A．interesting B．unusual C．common D．surprised4．A．maybe B．still C．already D．instead5．A．raising B．keeping C．falling D．rising6．A．Another B．Theother C．Other D．One7．A．may B．should C．shall D．will8．A．below B．under C．through D．among9．A．away B．out C．into D．around10．A．ear B．eye C．arm D．answer【短文大意】本文主要讲述了一群大象向北迁徙来到了距离云南西双版纳500公里的地方的事情。【答案解析】1．句意：经过几个月的旅程，它们来到了距离云南西双版纳500公里的地方。went去；walked散步；made使得；ran跑。根据“Aftermonthsoftraveling,they...it500kilometersawayfromtheirhome”可知是指大象们经过几个月的旅程，终于来到了距离云南西双版纳500公里的地方，makeit“（经历艰难困苦后）成功……”。故选C。2．句意：而且看起来它们短期内不会停止它们的旅行。start开始；change改变；stop停止；turn转变。根据“Anditseemsthattheyarenotgoingto...theirtripanytimesoon.”可知大象们短期内不会停止下来，故选C。3．句意：看到它们旅行这么远是很不寻常的。interesting有趣的；unusual不同寻常的；common普通的；surprised惊讶的。根据“Asianelephantsoftenstaywithincertainareas.”可知亚洲象经常待在特定的区域，所以它们旅行这么远是很不寻常的，故选B。4．句意：科学家们仍然不确定它们为什么这样做。maybe也许；still仍然；already已经；instead代替。根据“Scientistsare...notsurewhytheyaredoingthis”以及后句的介绍可知，目前科学家们仍然不确定大象们为什么这样做，故选B。5．句意：国际爱护动物基金会的赵怀东表示，亚洲象数量的增加是因为人类的保护措施。raising提升；keeping保持；falling落下；rising升起。根据“becauseofhumanprotectionefforts(努力)”可知因为人类的保护措施，所以亚洲象数量增加了，此处应用不及物动词rise，raise是及物动词，一般指的是人为地把某个对象抬高。故选D。6．句意：陈说，另一种可能是它们迷失了方向。Another三者及以上的另一个；Theother两者中的另一个；Other其他的，后常加名词复数；One一个。根据前文介绍可知，关于大象的旅行，有好几种猜测，所以此处是指另一种可能性，应用another，故选A。7．句意：这可能会让大象认为它们应该迁徙。may可能；should应该；shall将要，用于第一人称；will将。根据“RecentsolaractivityhaschangedEarth’smagneticfield(磁场)”可知太阳活动已经改变了地球磁场，这会让大象认为它们应该迁徙。故选B。8．句意：但因为它们和大熊猫一样，在中国是一级保护动物，所以我们需要保护它们。below在……下面；under在……下面；through通过；among在……中。根据“Butsincetheyare...Class-AprotectioninChina,thesameasthegiantpanda,weneedtoprotectthem”可知是指在……的保护下，英文表达为undertheprotectionof...。故选B。9．句意：为了确保人和大象的安全，人们喂了它们成吨的食物，引导它们离开城镇和城市。away远离；out外出；into进入；around周围。根据“peoplehavefedthemtonsoffoodtoguidethem...fromtownsandcities.”可知是指人们引导大象远离城镇和城市。故选A。10．句意：76辆警车和卡车以及9架无人机被用来监视大象。ear耳朵；eye眼睛；arm手臂；answer回答。根据“Seventy-sixpolicecarsandtrucksandninedrones(无人机)havebeenusedtokeepan...ontheelephants.”可知警车、卡车和无人机都是来监视大象的，keepaneyeon“注意，留意”，故选B。二、阅读单选A篇Drones(无人驾驶飞机)candolotsofthings,includingtakingpicturesfromtheskyandwatchingwildanimals.Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsbegintochangethewayoffarming.LookingforsickplantsDronescanfindbacteria(细菌)thatareharmfultoplantsintheairfromafewkilometersaway.Farmscancheckthedrones’airsamples(样本)andtrytofindwaystoprotecttheirplansbeforethebacteriagettothem.CountingcowsWhenflyingovercows,dronescanfollowupthecows.Therearealsospecialcamerasondrones.Theycanhelpfarmerslookforanimalsthatcouldharmtheircows.WaterwatchAfterwateringthefields,wecanoftenseesomeplacesmaydryoutfasterthanothers.Otherplacesmightnotgetwateratall.Dronescanlookoverthefieldandmakea3-Dmap.Usingthemap,farmerscanfindoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneedmorewater.Sprayingpesticide(喷洒农药)Differentpartsofafieldmighthavedifferentaltitude(海拔).Dronescancheckforthiswhenflyingabovetheland.Theychangetheirheightandthentheyspraythecorrectamountofpesticideovereachpartofthefield.Thisismoreusefulthantraditionalpesticidespraying.Dronescanfinishsprayingafieldmuchfasterthanwithtraditionalmachines.11．Howmanywaysoffarmingdothedroneschangeaccordingtothepassage?A．3. B．4. C．5. D．612．Whatdothedronesdotolookaftercows?A．Theylookforanimalsthatmayhurtcows. B．Theycheckthedrones’airsamples.C．Theygetwaterthatcowsneed. D．Theydraw3-Dmaps.13．Whatdothedronesdobeforetheyspraypesticideovereachpartofthefield?A．Theykeepplantsawayfromthebacteria. B．Theyusetraditionalmachines.C．Theychangetheirheight. D．Theyfindoutdryplaces.【短文大意】本文主要讲述了无人机改变农业的方式。【答案解析】11．细节理解题。根据小标题可知，有4种方法，故选B。12．细节理解题。根据“Theycanhelpfarmerslookforanimalsthatcouldharmtheircows.”可知，它们可以帮助农民寻找可能伤害奶牛的动物。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据“Theychangetheirheightandthentheyspraythecorrectamountofpesticideovereachpartofthefield.”可知，他们改变高度，然后在田地的每个部分喷洒正确数量的农药。故选C。B篇Doyouremembertheelephant“tourgroup”inYunnan?Wherearetheynow?Theyarebackattheirhome!InMarch,2020,afamilyof15wildAsianelephantslefttheirhabitatinXishuangbanna,YunnanProvince.Sincethen,theyhadkeptgoingnorth,throughmountains,forests,riversandevencitystreets.Alongtheirjourney,theyranintovillagesandatefarmers’corn.Butnooneblamed（责怪）them.“ItisOK.Theyarejusthungry,”afarmersaid.Scientistsguessedthattheelephantswerelosingtheirhabitat,sotheymightgonorthtolookforanewhomewithmorefood.Orthegroupmightloseitswaybecauseitsleaderhadnoexperience！Tohelptheelephantsgethomeandprotectthem,thegovernmentused76policecarsandtrucks,aswellasfivediggersandninedrones（无人机）.Policeandscientistscloselywatchedthem.Theywatchedthegroup’smovementandsentwarnings（警示）tonearbypeoplenottogetclosetotheelephants.Theyalsohelpedthemwithfoodanddrink.Finally,theelephantsendedtheirtripsafelyandhappilyafter17monthsanda500-kilometerjourney.TheAsianelephantisthelargestlandanimalinAsia.YunnanistheonlyhabitatforwildAsianelephantsinChina.Theprovincehasbuilt11naturereserves.Thereareonly300oftheminChina.TheWWFisworkinghardtosavethem.14．Inthearticle,theunderlinedword“habitat”means________.A．school B．home C．friends D．villagers15．Howmanypossiblereasonsfortheelephants’movetothenortharethereinParagraphThree?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.16．Tohelptheelephants,thegovernmentdidthefollowingEXCEPT________.A．givingthemfoodanddrinks B．watchingthemcloselyC．usingdifferentmachines D．buildingroadsforthem17．WhichisTRUEaboutAsianElephants?A．Theyaredangeroustohumans. B．Peopleworkhardtoprotectthem.C．TheyliveindifferentprovincesinChina. D．Theyarethelargestanimalsintheworld.18．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．WelcomeBackHome! B．ElephantsontheWay!C．ElephantsareOurFriends! D．ProtecttheElephants!【短文大意】本文主要讲述了202年3月份一个由15只野生亚洲象组成的家庭离开了它们在西双版纳的栖息地，去寻找新的家园，这一路上政府施以援手。云南省已经设立了11个自然保护区，在中国只有300个。世界自然基金会正在努力拯救它们。【答案解析】14．细节理解题。根据“InMarch,2020,afamilyof15wildAsianelephantslefttheirhabitatinXishuangbanna”及“sotheymightgonorthtolookforanewhomewithmorefood”可知，离开了原本的栖息地，去寻找新的家园，所以划线单词与home同义，故选B。15．细节理解题。根据“theelephantswerelosingtheirhabitat”及“Orthegroupmightloseitsway”可知，第三段一共提到了两点原因，故选A。16．细节理解题。根据“Tohelptheelephantsgethomeandprotectthem,thegovernmentused76policecarsandtrucks,aswellasfivediggersandninedrones（无人机）.Policeandscientistscloselywatchedthem”及“Theyalsohelpedthemwithfoodanddrink”可知，不包括“为它们建马路”，故选D。17．推理判断题。根据“Theprovincehasbuilt11naturereserves…TheWWFisworkinghardtosavethem”可知，政府和世界自然基金会都在努力拯救亚洲象，也就是说人们努力来保护它们，B表述正确，故选B。18．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文通过讲述野生亚洲象组团离开栖息地的情况来呼吁人们要保护亚洲象，所以D选项“保护大象”符合本文标题，故选D。C篇Ifdrones(无人机)havefeetlikebirds,couldtheyflyfurtheranddomorethings?ScientistsfromStanfordUniversityintheUShavemadesuchdrones.Theyaddedrobotic(机械的)“claws”tosomedrones.Ifthedroneishelpingpeoplecollectdata(数据)inforests,forexample,theycanstandontreebranches(树枝)insteadofflyingallthetime.Thissaveslotsofpower(电量).Makingdronesflyandlandlikebirdsisnoteasy.Branchesarealldifferentinsizeandshape.Theymightalsobeslippery(滑的)fromrain.Theteamusedhigh-speedcamerastostudyhowbirdslandandtakeoff.Theyfoundthatbirdscurl(卷曲)theirclawsaroundabranch.Theyalsohavesofttoepads(肉垫)tohelpthemholdmoreeasily.Theteamthen3D-printedtheclaws.Theyhavemotors(发动机)thatactlikemuscles(肌肉),andwires(导线)thatactliketendons(肌腱).Thegrabbingactiontakes20milliseconds(毫秒).Oncethedronegrabsthebranch,thebalancingsystem(平衡系统)starts.Ittilts(倾斜)thedroneforwardsothatthedronewon’tfall,justlikerealbirds.Nowifyouthrowthingslikebagsorballsatthe“birdbot(仿生驼鸟机器腿)”,itcansuccessfullycatchthem.Itcanlandinforests,too.Scientistshopethenewtoolcanhelppeoplestudythenaturalenvironmentmoreeasily.根据短文内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。19．WhatcanwelearnaboutdroneswithroboticclawsfromParagraph2?A．Theyareusefulinforests. B．Theycan’tflyforlonghours.C．Theyneedlotsofpowertowork. D．Theyhavetostayawayfrombirds.20．AccordingtoParagraph3,scientistsusedhigh-speedcamerasto________.A．collectdataaboutforests B．recordthesizesofdifferenttreebranchesC．studyhowbirdstakeoffandland D．findouthowdronesworkintherain21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grabs”meaninChinese?A．飞行 B．打印 C．抓住 D．掉落22．Howdobirdsbalancethemselvesonatreebranch?A．Byhavingsofttoepads. B．Bycurlingtheirclaws.C．Byopeningtheirwings. D．Bytiltingtheirbodiesforward.23．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Droneshavedifficultybalancingthemselveswhileflying.B．Droneswithclawsmighthelpscientistsdomorethings.C．Scientistswill3D-printroboticclawsforbirdswithoutfeet.D．Scientistswilluserealbirdstostudythenaturalenvironment.【短文大意】本文介绍了科学家们发明像鸟一样有脚的无人机的情况，科学家们希望这种新工具能帮助人们更容易地研究自然环境。【答案解析】19．段落大意题。根据“Theyaddedrobotic(机械的)“claws”tosomedrones.Ifthedroneishelpingpeoplecollectdata(数据)inforests...”可知，带有机器爪的无人机对在森林中收集数据是有用的，故选A。20．细节理解题。根据“Theteamusedhigh-speedcamerastostudyhowbirdslandandtakeoff.”可知，科学家们使用高速摄像机研究鸟类如何起飞和降落，故选C。21．词义猜测题。根据“Oncethedronegrabsthebranch,thebalancingsystem(平衡系统)starts.Ittilts(倾斜)thedroneforwardsothatthedronewon’tfall,justlikerealbirds.”可知，一旦无人机抓住树枝，平衡系统就会启动。单词“grabs”指的是“抓住”，故选C。22．推理判断题。根据“Ittilts(倾斜)thedroneforwardsothatthedronewon’tfall,justlikerealbirds.”可知，无人机向前倾斜，这样无人机就不会像真正的鸟类一样坠落，说明鸟类是通过身体向前倾斜保持平衡的，故选D。23．主旨大意题。根据“Ifdrones(无人机)havefeetlikebirds,couldtheyflyfurtheranddomorethings?ScientistsfromStanfordUniversityintheUShavemadesuchdrones.”及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍科学家们发明像鸟一样长有脚的无人机，以便帮助人们更容易地研究自然环境，故选B。D篇Haveyoueverseendronesinthesky?Whatcantheybeusedfor?Cantheyonlybeusedfortakingfantasticphotos?Canasmallgroupofdronesmakethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwaycompaniessavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday’s“eyesinthesky”technologytomakesurethatthemillionsofkilometersofrailtracksandinfrastructureworldwidearesafefortrainsallthroughtheday.Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoinspectpowerlines.Theycoulddoexactlythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandotherimportantaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficientacrosstheboard.Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwayworkers’safety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendaround20billioneurosayearonmaintenanceforsendingmaintenanceworkers,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwiththehelpofdrones.Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,exploringfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon’tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewidea:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtolettrainsrunautomatically.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldfindanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.24．Thewriterintroducedthefirstparagraphby________.A．askingquestions B．listingnumbers C．comparingfacts D．tellingastory25．Dronescanbeusedinrailwaysbecause________.A．it’ssafertousedronesB．it’scheapertousedronesC．dronescardooperationsD．dronescaninspectpowerlines26．Theunderlinedword“maintenance”inparagraph3means________.A．workerssafetyB．railinfrastructureC．buyingdronesD．inspectionandrepair27．Whatarethefunctionsofrailwaydronesinthefuture?A．Tohelpmakemoremoney.B．Tolettrainsrunfaster.C．Tomaketrainsrunbythemselves.D．Toprovideearlywarnings.【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。【答案解析】24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Haveyoueverseendronesinthesky...helprailwaycompaniessavebillionsofeuroseachyear?”可知，作者是使用问问题的方式来介绍第一段。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoinspectpowerlines...suchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.”可知，是因为无人机可以检查电力线。故选D。26．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendaround20billioneuros...toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.”可知，是维修成本大幅下降，与D选项inspectionandrepair“检查和修理”意思相近。故选D。27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Engineersarenowworkingonanewidea:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtolettrainsrunautomatically.”可知，未来无人机可以让火车自动运行。故选C。E篇Qomolangmaistheworld’shighestmountain.Youmayhavelearnedfromyourtextbooksthatitsheightis8,844meters.Butnotallsidesareinagreementonthis.Differentresearchershavegivendifferentresults.Inaddition,theheightofthemountaincanchangeovertime.That’swhya30-memberChinesesurveyteamsetouttoreachthepeakofQomolangmatoremeasureitsheightonMay6,2020.Theywereequipped(配备)withthelatesttechnology,includingaglobalnavigationsatellitesystemreceiver(接收器)andaradar(雷达).Itisnotaneasytask.Theaverageairtemperatureonthemountainis-29℃—fourdegreeslowerthanthatinAntarcticaandpowerfulwindsblowallthetime.Insuchbadconditions,surveyingdrones(无人机)cannotworkatthepeakofthemountain.That’swhyit’sstillnecessarytosendhumanexpertstothepeaktogetreliable(可靠的)results.Butdoesadifferenceofafewmetersreallymatterwhenitcomestoahighmountain?Infact,measuringtheheightofQomolangmaisaboutmorethanjustgettingoneexactnumber.MountQomolangmaisatthepointwheretheEurasianplate(板块)meetstheIndianplate.Itformed38millionyearsagoasthetwoplateshiteachother.Changesinthepeak’sheightcanshowwhetherthetwoplatesareheadingtowardorawayfromeachother.ThiscanhelpusunderstandthemovementofEarth’scrust(地壳).Thesurveyteamwillalsogetfirsthandinformationaboutenvironmentalconditionsatthetopofthemountain.ThiswillhelpusunderstandhowclimatechangehasaffectedtheTibet-QinghaiPlateau.28．Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．ResearchersmeasuretheheightofQomolangmaeveryyear. B．ThereisnoagreementuponheightofQomolangmaatpresent.C．It’snoteasytomeasuretheheightofQomolangma. D．TheheightofQomolangmaincreaseseveryyear.29．Whichofthefollowingwordscouldreplace“peak”inParagraph2?A．height B．top C．base D．edge30．WhatchallengewouldtheChinesesurveyteamface?A．Alackofwater. B．Dangerousanimals.C．Unfriendlyweatherconditions. D．ThemovementofEarth’scrust.31．Whatisthemainideaofthelasttwoparagraphs?A．WhymeasuringtheheightofQomolangmaisimportant. B．WhatisthechangeinQomolangma’speak.C．HowQomolangmabecamethehighestmountain. D．HowplatemovementshaveaffectedtheheightofQomolangma.32．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ThegrowingQomolangma B．DifferentopinionsonQomolangmaC．Remeasuringtheworld’shighestpeak D．Peoplewhoclimbedthehighestpeak【短文大意】本文主要讲述了中国组织了30人的队伍去珠穆朗玛峰重新测量它的高度，这项任务不仅仅只是为了得到一个数字，它对研究大陆板块的运动和气候变化非常有帮助。【答案解析】28．细节理解题。根据“Youmayhavelearnedfromyourtextbooksthatitsheightis8,844meters.Butnotallsidesareinagreementonthis.Differentresearchershavegivendifferentresults.”（你可能从课本上了解到它的高度是8844米。但并非所有各方都同意这一点。不同的研究人员给出了不同的结果。）可知珠穆朗玛峰的高度目前还没有定论。故选B。29．词句猜测题。根据“toremeasureitsheight”可知，中国考察队要重新测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度，所以他们必须到达山顶，由此可判断“peak”相当于“top”，故选B。30．推理判断题。根据“Itisnotaneasytask.Theaverageairtemperatureonthemountainis-29℃—fourdegreeslowerthanthatinAntarcticaandpowerfulwindsblowallthetime.”可判断，珠峰的天气非常的恶劣，这对考察队来说是非常大的挑战，故选C。31．段落大意题。通读最后两段的内容可知，作者主要阐述了测量珠穆朗玛峰高度的原因，这是为了凸显这项任务的重要性，故选A。32．最佳标题题。根据“That’swhya30-memberChinesesurveyteamsetouttoreachthepeakofQomolangmatoremeasureitsheightonMay6,2020.”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国组织了30人的队伍去珠穆朗玛峰重新测量它的高度，这项任务不仅仅只是为了得到一个数字，它对研究大陆板块的运动和气候变化非常有帮助。故选C。F篇Howcoolwoulditbetohaveaflyingrobot?What’sthefirstthingyouwoulddowithit?Maybesenditintowar,oruseittowatchyourneighborssecretly?Well,thisisnotjustafantasyanymore.Dronesareremote-controlledflyingrobots,andtheyaregettingmorepopulareveryday.Butisthisagoodthingforsociety?Thepopularityofdroneshasincreasedinrecentyearsastechnologyhasimprovedandgotcheaper.Acivil(民用的)dronewithahigh-qualitycameraandfourhelicopterpropellersnowsellsonlineforjustafewhundredUSdollars.Dronesareextremelyusefulformakingvideosbecausetheircameraslinkdirectlytophonesorcomputers.Nowadays,anyonecangetprofessional-lookingfly-bypicturesfromdifferentangles(角度).Butcouldthiscauseproblems?Becausedronesaresoaffordable,itmeansthatanyonecansendarobotflyingaroundtheneighborhood.Peoplemightbesurprisedtofindacameraflyingoutsidetheirwindow.Thisshouldbeaterribleworryforpeoplewhocareabouttheirprivacy.Manygovernmentsalsospendalotofmoneyondrones,butforverydifferentreasons.TheUnitedStatesusesmilitarydronesforspying.Itsmostpowerfuldrones,however,arePredatordrones,whichcanflyhigherthan15,000metersatover300kilometersperhour.Andno,theydon’tjusttakeprettyvideos.Apredatordronecanhold360kilogramsworthofbombs(炸弹),enoughtocompletelybreakdownanenemycamp.Themancontrollingthedronesitssafelyawayfromtheaction,soit’simpossibletoknowforsurewhoisgettingkilled.Commonpeoplemightbeindanger.Dronesarenew-borninventionswithanewtechnology.Peoplearestilldiscoveringtheirpossibleuses,andmaybesomedayyou’llcomeupwithanewcoolwaytouseyourownremote-controlledrobot.33．Howdoesthewriterintroducethetopicinthefirstparagraph?A．Bytellingastory. B．Byaskingquestions.C．Byshowingfacts. D．Bygivinganexample.34．Whatarethedronesyoucanbuyonlinemostlikelytobe?A．Theyareusuallysoldonlineataveryhighprice.B．Theycanbeusedtosecretlytakepicturesofpeople.C．Theyaredifficultlycontrolledifusedwithoutgoodtraining.D．Theycanbeusedforbothphotographyandmilitarypurposes.35．Whydoesthewriterusethesentence“Andno,theydon’tjusttakeprettyvideos.”?A．Tocomparemilitarydroneswithcivildrones.B．Tosuggestwhatmilitarydroneswilldointhefuture.C．Togiveanexampleofwhatmilitarydronescannotdo.D．Toshowthesamefactbetweenmilitarydronesandcivildrones.36．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．AGreatResearchMilitaryDronesB．APopularTechnology:VideoDronesC．ANewInvention:Remote-controlledDronesD．AUsefulProduct:Remote-controlledFlyingRobots【短文大意】本文介绍了无人机越来越受欢迎，并分析了它的利弊。【答案解析】33．细节理解题。根据“Howcoolwoulditbetohaveaflyingrobot?What’sthefirstthingyouwoulddowithit?Maybesenditintowar,oruseittowatchyourneighborssecretly?”可知，作者用提出问题的方式来引入话题。故选B。34．推理判断题。根据“Becausedronesaresoaffordable,itmeansthatanyonecansendarobotflyingaroundtheneighborhood.Peoplemightbesurprisedtofindacameraflyingoutsidetheirwindow.Thisshouldbeaterribleworryforpeoplewhocareabouttheirprivacy.（因为无人机价格便宜，这意味任何人都可以让机器人在附近飞行。人们可能会惊讶地发现摄像机在他们的窗外飞。对于那些关心自己隐私的人来说，这应该是一个可怕的担忧。）”可知，无人机有可能会被用来偷拍照片。故选B。35．推理判断题。根据“Apredatordronecanhold360kilogramsworthofbombs(炸弹),enoughtocompletelybreakdownanenemycamp.”可知，一架捕食者无人机可以装载360公斤的炸弹，这是民用无人机所没有的，故推知作者使用这句话是为了将军用无人机和民用无人机进行比较。故选A。36．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了无人机越来越受欢迎，并分析了它的利弊，C项最适合作为标题。故选C。三、阅读回答问题A篇RobotsonthefarmWhatcandronesdo?Theirmanyusesincludetakingpicturesfromthesky,observing(观察)wildanimalsanddeliveringpackages.Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsareleadinganewfarmingrevolution(革命),accordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations.Whenequipped(装备)withcamerasandotherdata-gatheringdevices,dronesprovideuswithaneyeinthesky.Hereareafewofthefarming-relatedjobsdronescando.LookingforsickcropsDronescanscan(扫描)cropsusingdifferentkindsoflight.Then,theyproducemultispectralimages(多谱图像)thatcanhelpusfindsicklyyellowplantswithinfieldsofgreen.Dronescanalsodetectbacteria(检测细菌)thatareharmfultocropsintheairfromafewkilometersaway.Farmerscancheckthedrones’airsamples(样本)andtrytofindwaystoprotecttheircropsbeforethebacteriagettothem.CountingcattleWhenflyingovercattle,dronescantrackthelivestockandfindoutwherefencesneedfixing.Peoplecanalsoequipdroneswiththermalimagers(热像仪)andnight-visioncameras.Thiscanhelpfarmerslookforanimalsthatcouldharmtheircattle.WaterwatchMostfieldsaren’tperfectlyflat(平坦的).Afterwatering,someplacesmaydryoutfasterthanothers.Otherspotsmightnotgetwateratall.Dronescanscanthefieldandmakea3-Dmap.Usingthemap,farmerscanfigureoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneedimprovement.Sprayingpesticide(喷洒农药)Differentpartsofafieldmightbeuneven(不平坦)orhavedifferentaltitudes(高度).Dronescancheckforthiswhenflyingabovetheland.Then,theychangetheirheightandthereforespraythecorrectamountofpesticideovereachpartofthefield.Thisismoreefficientthantraditionalpesticidespraying.Dronescanfinishsprayingafielduptofivetimesfasterthanwithtraditionalmachinery,accordingtoastudyfromMIT.注：每题答案不得超过5个词37．Whatarethesesmallflyingrobotsleadingnow?_________________________________________________________38．Accordingtothearticle,howmanythefarming-relatedjobsdronescando?_________________________________________________________39．Thereisanopinion“Dronescantrackthelivestock,buttheycan’tfindoutwherefencesneedfixingwhenflyingovercattle.”Doyouthinkitisright?__________________________________________________________40．Whatdothefarmersusetofigureoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneedimprovement?__________________________________________________________41．Comparetotraditionalpesticidespraying,whatistheadvantageofdrones?__________________________________________________________【短文大意】本文介绍了无人机可以做的和农业相关的四项工作。【答案解析】37．根据“Nowthesesmallflyingrobotsareleadinganewfarmingrevolution(革命)…”可知现在这些小型飞行机器人正在引领一场新的农业革命。故填Anewfarmingrevolution.38．根据“Lookingforsickcrops、Countingcattle、Waterwatch、Sprayingpesticide”可知无人机能做四项与农业相关的工作，故填Four./4.39．根据“Whenflyingovercattle,dronescantrackthelivestockandfindoutwherefencesneedfixing.”可知当飞过牛群时，无人机可以追踪牲畜，找出需要固定围栏的地方。故填No,Idon’tthinkso.40．根据“Dronescanscanthefieldandmakea3-Dmap.Usingthemap,farmerscanfigureoutwhichpartsofafieldaredryorneedimprovement.”可知无人机可以扫描场地并制作三维地图。使用地图，农民可以找出田地的哪些部分干燥或需要改善。故填The3-Dmap.41．根据“Thisismoreefficientthantraditionalpesticidespraying.Dronescanfinishsprayingafielduptofivetimesfasterthanwithtraditionalmachinery,accordingtoastudyfromMIT.”可知，无人机喷洒比传统杀虫剂喷洒要更高效，并且无人机完成喷洒一片土地的速度比传统机器快五倍。这些就是无人机的优势。故填Moreefficientandmorefaster.B篇Riding