专题03-七选五(阅读理解)(解析版)

专题03阅读理解（七选五）---2023年新高考八省最新名校联考试题汇编(解析版)【石家庄市二中2022-2023学年高三试题】Whatisheritage?Thewordcanbedifficulttodefine.Heritageisalwayssomethingthatispasseddownbyfamiliesorothergroupsformanyyears.____16____Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedbygroupsofpeople.Onewaytothinkaboutheritageistobreakitdownintothreegroups.Thesearethetangible(有形的),thenatural,andtheintangible.____17____Itcanincludemanyhuman-madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.Someexamplesarenationalmonumentsandworksofart.Manyancientsitesarealsopartofthisgroup.Onasmallerscale,afamilyhomecanbepartofanindividual’sheritage.Manypartsofthenaturalworldarealsoimportanttoculturalheritage.Thiscanincludebodiesofwater,plantlife,landformsandmore.OneexampleistheNileRiver.____18____Effortstoprotectnaturalheritagearekeyinmanycultures.Theintangiblegroupincludesanypartofculturalheritagethatyoucan’tfeelthroughtouch.Maybeyou’vereadaboutformsofdance,likeFlamencodancing.YoumightknowaboutthemusicofMariachiBandsorholidayslikeEid.Theseareallexamplesofintangibleheritage.____19____Exploringyourownheritagecanbefun.Itcanhelpyoulearnaboutyourself,yourfamily,andyourancestors.Butit’salsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.____20____Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumayhaveincommonwithothers!A．Theyaretreasuresthatcanbetouched.B．Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?C．However,heritageisn’tlimitedtoconcreteobjects.D．Languages,holidaysandcustomsalsomakethelist.E．Therefore,it’sdifficulttoprotectthemfromfadingaway.F．Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstandingofothercultures.G．IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.【答案】16．C

17．B

18．G

19．D

20．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了遗产是由家庭或其他群体传承多年的东西。然而，遗产并不局限于具体的物品，它也是一群人共有的习俗、传统和价值观。16．根据下文“Itcanalsobethecustoms,traditions,andvaluessharedbygroupsofpeople.(它也可以是一群人共享的习俗、传统和价值观)”可知，此处应指遗产不局限于某种东西，与C项“However,heritageisn’tlimitedtoconcreteobjects.(然而，遗产并不局限于具体的物品)”符合题意。故选C。17．根据上文“Thesearethetangible(有形的),thenatural,andtheintangible.(遗产分为有形的、自然的、和无形的三种)”及空后“Itcanincludemanyhuman-madeobjectsthatholdculturalvalue.(它可以包括许多具有文化价值的人造物。)”，再结合下文中列举的人造物品的例子，包括“nationalmonumentsandworksofart”、“ancientsites”等；由此可知，本段主要讲述哪些是有形的遗产，B项“Whattangibleitemscanbepartofheritage?(哪些有形物品可以成为遗产的一部分)”符合题意，故选B。18．本段主要介绍自然遗产。根据空前“OneexampleistheNileRiver.(尼罗河就是一个例子)”可知，空处应该会继续讲述与尼罗河有关的内容。G项“IthasbeenpartofculturalheritageinmanyAfricannationsforcenturies.(几个世纪以来，它一直是许多非洲国家文化遗产的一部分)”承接上文，符合题意。故选G。19．本段主要介绍无形的遗产。上文提到了舞蹈、音乐等无形的遗产，D项“Languages,holidaysandcustomsalsomakethelist.(语言、节日、习俗也榜上有名)”承接上文，介绍了其他的无形遗产，符合题意。故选D。20．根据上一句“Butit’salsoimportanttolearnabouttheheritageofothers.(但了解他人的遗产也很重要)”及下一句“Itcanalsoleadyoutofindthingsyoumayhaveincommonwithothers!(它还可以引导您找到与他人可能有共同点的东西！)”可知，空出应该是介绍了解他人的遗产的好处，F项“Doingsocanhelpyoubuildastrongerunderstandingofothercultures.(这样做可以帮助您更深入地了解其他文化)”承上启下，符合题意。故选F。2.【广东省六校2023年高三联考】Playingisakeycomponentinthelearningprocessforvirtuallyallofthechildren.Role-playingisoneofthemostsignificantwayschildrenplay.

____16____.Itcanbenefitchildreninmanyways.Children’sbrainsareactivatedwhenrole-playing,accordingtochilddevelopmentexperts.____17____.Whenchildrenrole-play,theymustcreateplanstoactoutastoryandfigureoutwhatstepsneedtobetakentoaccomplishit.Throughtheseactivities,childrencanenhancetheirorallanguageabilities.Asaresult,theybecomeabletogiveinstructionsandorganizeothers.

____18____.

Rolesareassignedtochildrenwhentheyengageingroupactivities.Thereareleadersandfollowers.Whenchildrendisagreewitheachother,theymustlearntonegotiateandcompromise,aswellastoapologizewhentheydisagreeorhavestrongarguments.Besideshelpingchildrenlearnsomekindsofskills,role-playingfosterschildren’simaginationsandcanthereforeassumeanumberofforms.Forexample,boysmaypretendtoshaveliketheirfathers,whilegirlsmaypretendtobemotherstodosomedailytaskslikecaringforyoungbabies.____19____.Lastly,role-playingcanhelpchildrendealwithemotionalpaincausedbyspecificactions,suchasthefearofgoingtoschoolforthefirsttime.____20____.Tohelptheirchildrenmastertheirfears,expertsencourageparentstolettheirchildrenrole-playandeventoparticipateintheseactivitieswiththeirchildren.A．Children’ssocialskillscanalsobedeveloped.B．Childrenmightdressupandassumedifferentroles.C．Moreoften,childrenmayactoutstoriestheyreadinbooks.D．Languageskillsaresomeofthemostcriticalaspectsoflearning.E．Whetherrole-playingoccursornotdependsontheintentionsoftheindividuals.F．Thisinvolvesachildinanactivitywhereheorshepretendstobeanotherperson.G．Role-playingsituationslikethesebeforehandcanhelpchildrenlower.【答案】16．F

17．D

18．A

19．C

20．G【导语】本文是说明文。文章对“角色扮演”进行简要介绍，其次提出了“角色扮演”可以帮助孩子学习、培养孩子想象力以及帮助孩子应对一些他们产生不良情绪的状况。16．上文“Playingisakeycomponentinthelearningprocessforvirtuallyallofthechildren.Role-playingisoneofthemostsignificantwayschildrenplay.(对几乎所有的孩子来说，玩耍是学习过程中的一个关键组成部分。角色扮演是孩子们最重要的游戏方式之一。)”提到了角色扮演是孩子们学习过程中的最重要的游戏方式之一，F项“这涉及到一个孩子在一个活动中，他或她假装是另一个人。”解释了角色扮演，承接上文，引出下文“Itcanbenefitchildreninmanyways.(它可以在许多方面使儿童受益。)”，F项中的this指代上文的“Role-playing”，下文的it也是指代“Role-playing”。故选F。17．根据下文“Whenchildrenrole-play,theymustcreateplanstoactoutastoryandfigureoutwhatstepsneedtobetakentoaccomplishit.Throughtheseactivities,childrencanenhancetheirorallanguageabilities.(当孩子们扮演角色时，他们必须制定计划来表演一个故事，并找出需要采取什么步骤来完成它。通过这些活动，孩子们可以提高他们的口语能力。)”可知，本段讲述通过角色扮演孩子们可以提高语言表达能力，D项“语言技能是学习中最关键的方面之一。”符合语境，引出下文的解释说明。故选D。18．根据下文“Rolesareassignedtochildrenwhentheyengageingroupactivities.Thereareleadersandfollowers.Whenchildrendisagreewitheachother,theymustlearntonegotiateandcompromise,aswellastoapologizewhentheydisagreeorhavestrongarguments.(当孩子们参加集体活动时，他们会被分配角色。有领导者，也有追随者。当孩子们彼此意见不一致时，他们必须学会协商和妥协，以及在他们意见不一致或有强烈争论时道歉。)”可知，本段讲述孩子们可以通过角色扮演学会协商，妥协和道歉，提高社交能力，A项“孩子们的社交技能也可以得到发展。”符合语境。故选A。19．根据上文“Besideshelpingchildrenlearnsomekindsofskills,role-playingfosterschildren’simaginationsandcanthereforeassumeanumberofforms.Forexample,boysmaypretendtoshaveliketheirfathers,whilegirlsmaypretendtobemotherstodosomedailytaskslikecaringforyoungbabies.(除了帮助孩子们学习一些技能，角色扮演还能培养孩子们的想象力，因此可以采取多种形式。例如，男孩可能会像他们的父亲一样假装刮胡子，而女孩可能会假装是母亲来做一些日常工作，比如照顾婴儿。)”可知，角色扮演还可以培养孩子们的想象力，空格上文列举了一些角色扮演培养想象力的活动，男孩扮演父亲，女孩扮演母亲，C项“更常见的情况是，孩子们可能会表演他们在书中读到的故事。”符合语境，与前文是顺承关系，故选C。20．前文“Lastly,role-playingcanhelpchildrendealwithemotionalpaincausedbyspecificactions,suchasthefearofgoingtoschoolforthefirsttime.(最后，角色扮演可以帮助孩子们处理由特定行为引起的情感痛苦，比如对第一次上学的恐惧。)”讲述了角色扮演可以帮助孩子们处理情感痛苦，并举例，G项中的“helpchildrenlowertheirfearinreality”与本段话题一致，因此推断G项“像这样的角色扮演情境可以帮助孩子们降低他们在现实中的恐惧”符合语境，“theirfearinreality”呼应上文的“thefearofgoingtoschoolforthefirsttime”以及下文的“fears”。故选G。3.【2023届福建省泉州重点高中质量监测试题】Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting,wheretwomanagersfacedoffwiththeirwildlydifferentopinions.Buttooursurprise,themeetingwentremarkablywell-andallbecauseoneofthemsimplyshowedacalmmaturity（成熟）.Hekeptsayingthingslike,“Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,”and“You’rerightaboutthat.Couldweconsider…?”____16____Andthingswentsmoothly.Sowhataremorewaystobringmorecool,collectedcalmintoourlife?Herearesome.♦Focusonyourownstuff.Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverourpaychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,youcan’thelpbutjustdoyou.____17____♦Knowhowtolaughatyourself.JoanRiverssaid,“Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It’sallfunny.”____18____Andonceyougettothepointwhereyoucanlaughatyourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.♦____19____Idon’tthinkthereisanythingmoregrown-upthantaking100percentresponsibilityforyourlife.Noexcusesorexceptions-parental,governmentalorotherwise.Whenyouownyourcircumstancesandyour“stuff”you’reempowered.____20____.Wecanquantifyourcalmbyourabilityto“shakeitoff”.Youreallycanchoosetofreeyourselffromanything:aruderemark,adisrespectfromsomeoneyou’veneverliked,apassive-aggressivecolleague...whatever.Whenyoucanshakeallthatoffandjustfocusonthepresentmoment,youkindofhaveitfiguredout.A．Neverreact.B．Don’tblameothers.C．Lifedoesn’thavetobesoserious,doesit?D．Andwhenthathappens,lifegetsawesome.E．Willguiltandregrethaveyoulivinginthepast?F．Hemethiscolleague’sargumentwithabsolutecalm.G．Maturitybeginswhendramaanddissatisfactionend.【答案】16．F

17．D

18．C

19．B

20．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了可以给我们的生活带来更多的冷静和从容的方法。16．根据前文“Iwasrecentlyinabusinessmeeting,wheretwomanagersfacedoffwiththeirwildlydifferentopinions.Buttooursurprise,themeetingwentremarkablywell-andallbecauseoneofthemsimplyshowedacalmmaturity（成熟）.Hekeptsayingthingslike,“Iabsolutelyseeyourpoint,Jeff,”and“You’rerightaboutthat.Couldweconsider…?”(最近，我参加了一个商务会议，两位经理针锋相对，提出了截然不同的观点。但令我们惊讶的是，会议进行得非常顺利——而这一切都是因为其中一人表现出了冷静成熟的态度。他一直在说，“我完全明白你的意思，杰夫，”和“你说得对。我们可以考虑……吗?”)”可知，其中一人以绝对冷静的态度面对争议，所以F项“Hemethiscolleague’sargumentwithabsolutecalm.(他以绝对冷静的态度面对同事的争论)”符合文意。故选F项。17．空处位于段末，应是对前文的总结，根据前文“Itcanbesoeasytocompareourselvestootherpeopleoverourpaychecks,thecontentsofourclosets,relationshipstatusesetc.Butwhenyourealizethatallthatmattersisyou,youcan’thelpbutjustdoyou.(我们很容易拿自己的薪水、衣柜里的东西、关系状况等与他人比较。但当你意识到最重要的是你自己时，你就会情不自禁地做你自己)”推知，当我们意识到自己是最重要的后生活会有什么样的改变。D项“Andwhenthathappens,lifegetsawesome.(当这种情况发生时，生活就变得精彩了)”符合文意。故选D项。18．根据前文“JoanRiverssaid,“Lifegoesbyfast.Enjoyit.Calmdown.It’sallfunny.”(琼·里弗斯说过:“生命过得很快。享受它。冷静下来。一切都很有趣。”)”以及后文“Andonceyougettothepointwhereyoucanlaughatyourself,youcanlaughatprettymuchanything.(一旦你到了可以自嘲的程度，你就可以嘲笑任何事情了)”可知，空处是一个过渡句，是对前一句的进一步说明，并引出下文，所以C项“Lifedoesn’thavetobesoserious,doesit?(生活没必要这么严肃，不是吗?)”讲述的是抱着愉快的态度看待生活，是对前文的进一步说明，同时通过反义疑问句，引出下文。故选C项。19．空处是本段的小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据下文“Idon’tthinkthereisanythingmoregrown-upthantaking100percentresponsibilityforyourlife.Noexcusesorexceptions-parental,governmentalorotherwise.Whenyouownyourcircumstancesandyour“stuff”you’reempowered.(我认为没有什么比对自己的生活承担百分之百的责任更成熟的了。没有借口或例外——父母的，政府的或其他的。当你拥有你的环境和你的“东西”时，你就被赋予了力量)”可知，本段说的是自己去承担责任，不要责怪他人，所以B项“Don’tblameothers.(不要指责他人)”符合文意。故选B项。20．分析设空，空处位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Wecanquantifyourcalmbyourabilityto“shakeitoff”.Youreallycanchoosetofreeyourselffromanything:aruderemark,adisrespectfromsomeoneyou’veneverliked,apassive-aggressivecolleague...whatever.Whenyoucanshakeallthatoffandjustfocusonthepresentmoment,youkindofhaveitfiguredout.(我们可以通过“摆脱冷静”的能力来量化我们的冷静。你真的可以选择让自己从任何事情中解脱出来：一句粗鲁的话，一个你不喜欢的人的不尊重，一个消极攻击的同事……无论什么。当你能摆脱所有这些，专注于当下，你就找到了答案)”可知，本段是在讲述，当能摆脱一些让自己不快的事时，就说明你成熟了，所以G项“Maturitybeginswhendramaanddissatisfactionend.(当戏剧性事件和不满结束时，成熟就开始了)”符合文意。故选G项。4.【黑龙江省实验中学2022-2023学年高三模拟试题】Self-managementreferstoself-control,whichisasignofinnerstrength.Thereisnooneeasyorsimplewaytolearnit,aseveryone’smindworksdifferentlyfromanother.____16____Here’salistofwaystodevelopself-managementskills.HaveGoalsIfsomethingisimportantenoughforyou,itshouldbewrittendownsomewhereasyourgoal.Whetheritislosingsomeweightorfinishingacoursewithacertaingrade,havingagoaltoreachisimportantforyourmotivation.Itprovidesyouareasonwhyyou’redoingsomethingornotdoingsomething.____17____SetascheduleDailyorweeklyschedulesgivesyoumoreofafeelingthatthingsarebeingaccomplished.Studentswhosetschedulesforthemselvestendtobeabitmoreorganizedandawareofeverything

thatishappening

around

them.____18____For

example,theyusuallylikestudyingforafewhoursnowandthentheycanhangoutwiththeirfriendslater.____19____Ifyoufailtohityourgoals,adjustyourgoalstomakeupforyourpastmistakes.Takeastepbackandassess(评估)whatyouaredoingandchangeit.It’sokaynottoreachgoals,aslongasyoucanacknowledgeitandmakepositivechangestowardsmeetingyour

goals.____20____Butsometimesyoujustfallshort.Knowingthatit’s

okayandthatyoucanmoveonisallthemotivationyou’llneedtopickyourselfbackup.Self-Managementskillsareessentialforlife.OnlythroughSelf-Managementcanyoutrulyownyourfuture.Sotakeitseriouslyandfindwaystoimproveyourself.A．Assessyourself.B．BehonesttoyourselfC．Buttherearecertainthingsthatworkformost.D．Whetheritisnaturaloracquired,itisagreatskill.E．Youcanevenbreakitdowntoyearly,monthly,weekly,andevendailyones.F．They’reabletothinkinadvanceaboutwhattheyneedtoaccomplishnoworlater.G．Thisstepisespeciallyhardbecauseyouwanttofeelgoodaboutyourselfandachieveyourgoals.【答案】16．C

17．D

18．F

19．B

20．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是培养自己自我管理能力的几种方法。16．根据空前的“Thereisnooneeasyorsimplewaytolearnit,aseveryone’smindworksdifferentlyfromanother.(没有一种简单或简单的方法来学习它，因为每个人的思维方式都不同。)”与空后的“Here’salistofwaystodevelopself-managementskills.(以下是发展自我管理技能的方法列表。)”可知，上文说的是大家思维方式不同，所以没有一种简单的方法学会自我管理，而空后却说有一系列的培养自我管理的技能，所以空处表示的是承上启下。结合选项C中的“Buttherearecertainthingsthatworkformost.(但是有些事情对大多数人都有效。)”转折连词but衔接上下文。故选C项。17．根据本段的小标题以及空前的“Itprovidesyouareasonwhyyou’redoingsomethingornotdoingsomething.(它为您提供了做某事或不做某事的理由。)”可知，此处的it指代的是“有目标”，选项D中的“Whetheritisnaturaloracquired,itisagreatskill.(无论是天生的还是后天的，都是一项伟大的技能。)”it指代的内容一致。故选D项。18．根据下文中的“Forexample,theyusuallylikestudyingforafewhoursnowandthentheycanhangoutwiththeirfriendslater.(例如，他们通常喜欢偶尔学习几个小时，然后他们可以和朋友出去玩。)”可知，下文是通过举例来说明本段的主题，选项F中的“They’reabletothinkinadvanceaboutwhattheyneedtoaccomplishnoworlater.(他们能够提前考虑他们现在或以后需要完成什么。)”代词they指代内容一致。故选F项。19．根据空格所处的位置，分析篇章结构可知，此处应该选择祈使句。根据“Ifyoufailtohityourgoals,adjustyourgoalstomakeupforyourpastmistakes.(如果你没有达到你的目标，调整你的目标来弥补你过去的错误。)”和“It’sokaynottoreachgoals,aslongasyoucanacknowledgeitandmakepositivechangestowardsmeetingyour

goals.(不达到目标没关系，只要你能承认它并为实现目标做出积极的改变。)”可知，本段讲述的主题要敢于承认和面对未实现目标的情况，B项“Behonesttoyourself.(对自己诚实。)”符合语境。故选B项。20．根据下文中的“Butsometimesyoujustfallshort.(但有时你只是达不到要求。)”并结合本段的小标题“Behonesttoyourself.(对自己诚实。)”可知，此处表示的是对自己诚实是一个很难做到的技能，选项G“Thisstepisespeciallyhardbecauseyouwanttofeelgoodaboutyourselfandachieveyourgoals.(这一步特别困难，因为您想自我感觉良好并实现目标。)”符合语境。故选G项。5.【湖北省高中名校联合体2023年高三诊断试题】DoActionsSpeakLouderthanWords?Oursocietyisfastpaced.Weareallrushingfromoneplacetothenext,blowingourhornatslowdriverswhomaybesingingsongsinthecarwiththeirchildrenorpointingoutsomeinterestingsights.Wedon'thavetimeforthatsillinesstoday.Butwetrytosaytoourselvesthatwewillmaketimeforfuntomorrow.Itistimetotakeafewdeepbreathsandthinkaboutouractionsandourwords.___16___Haveyoueverreallythoughtaboutthesaying“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords”?Thinkaboutitnow.Ifyousayonethingandactinanoppositeway,willthewordsbeignoredandjusttheactionsremembered?Idon’tthinkso.___17___Itisalsoequallyimportanttousewordstoshowappreciation,love,approvalandhappinessandthenfollowthosewordswithahug,patonthebackorsmile.___18___Whataboutthatsaying?True?Yes!Wordscarryalotofweightandwillberememberedforyearsespeciallywhentheyarewrittendown.Meanwordscanhurtforthatmomentandforalifetime.Iamsurethateachofusremembersatimewhenafriendmadeanunkindcomment.___19___Let’snotbeamemberofthat“club”.Whenwasthelasttimethatyouhidalovenoteinalunchboxorinyourmate’scoatpocket?Ifyouwanttoseeabrightsmile,thatwilldoit!Thepowerofthiswrittennotewillberememberedformanydays,evenyears.“Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment(夸奖)”,saidMarkTwain.Childrengrowstrongerwhentheyfeelappreciatedandunderstood.___20___Aperfectwaytoturnabaddayaroundistopraiseyourchild.“Inoticedthatyourhairlookedverynicetoday.”“Didyouhangyourcoatupallbyyourself?”Itisamazinghowthosefewwordscanchangeachild'soutlook...almostimmediately.Don’tstopthere...Oneofmysistersendedaphoneconversationwiththreewords－“Iloveyou”!Boy,thatputaspringinmystep!MarkTwainisright.Istillfeelthepositiveeffectofthosethreelittlebutverypowerfulwords.A．Thepenismorepowerfulthanthesword.B．Isitreallyreasonabletodosomethinglikethat?C．Dotheydisplaytheattitudethatwewanttoconvey?D．Itisimportanttohaveyourwordsmatchyouractions.E．Behaviorisamirrorinwhicheveryoneshowshisimage.F．Thosewordsdidlastingdamagetoyou,therelationshiporboth.G．Don’tbeafraidtoshoweryourchildwithencouragingwordsalldaylong.【答案】16．C

17．D

18．A

19．F

20．G【分析】本文是一篇议论文。通过一系列的说明，解释了文字，语言的重要性以及对人的影响。作者告诉我们语言对人们有终生的影响，因此我们要鼓励赞美孩子，不要使用刻薄的话讽刺挖苦孩子。16．考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据第一段最后一句中"Itistimetotakeafewdeepbreathsandthinkaboutouractionsandourwords．"（到了该好好考虑我们的行为和言语的时候了。）与选项C中的"they"对应可知。因此C选项切题。Dotheydisplaytheattitudethatwewanttoconvey?“它们（我们的行为和言语）传达了我们想要表达的态度了吗？”。故选C。17．考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。根据此空后"Itisalsoequallyimportanttousewordstoshowappreciation"和选项D中"Itisimportant"对应可知D项切题。Itisimportanttohaveyourwordsmatchyouractions.“使你的言行与行为相符这很重要”。故选D。18．考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。后句Whataboutthatsaying?（这一谚语怎么样？）提到的saying既是指Thepenismorepowerfulthanthesword.（笔杆子比宝剑还要锋利），文章中的"Wordscarryalotofweight"也解释了这一谚语的含义。故选A。19．考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。上句Iamsurethateachofusremembersatimewhenafriendmadeanunkindcomment.（我确信每个人都记得有时候，某个朋友会做出不友善的评论。）提到的madeanunkindcomment"与选项F中的"Thosewords"对应。因此F选项切题。Thosewordsdidlastingdamagetoyou,therelationshiporboth.这些话语会对你和你们之间的关系造成持久的伤害。故选F。20．考查句意理解和上下文语境理解。由最后一段讲述了赞美的重要性可知空格处应该与鼓励赞美相关，从段落中"Istillfeelthepositiveeffectofthosethreelittlebutverypowerfulwords．"和"Icanlivefortwomonthsonagoodcompliment（夸奖）"也能看出G选项切题。Don’tbeafraidtoshoweryourchildwithencouragingwordsalldaylong.“不要害怕把鼓励的语言如雨般倾注在孩子身上”。故选G。6.【湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学年高三试题】WhyDoesFoodTasteBadOnAirplanes?Howmanytimeshaveyoucomplainedaboutairlinefoodbeingtasteless?Accordingtopopularlyacceptedstudies,thereasonmightbeachangeinourabilitytoperceivetaste.____16____Let’sgetintotheactualdetailsbeforeyougetoffended.TheCabinAiris15%DrierThantheAirontheGroundTomaintainthepressureinsidethecabin,airlinesmustcloselyregulatetheairinside,involvingchangingitscomposition.Theairinsideairplanecabinsisfarmoredrythantheairwebreatheontheground.____17____Inanenvironmentlikethis,yourpowersoftasteandsmellbegintodriftaway.ThePressureInsidetheCabinisLowerThanontheGroundInthepressurizedcabinapassenger’sbodilyfluidswillmoveupwardsandthenasalcavities(鼻腔)swell.Theswellingmesseswithourtastebuds,makingthefoodtasteunappealing.Youmightknowhowdininginsuchconditionsfeel,sincewe’veallfoughtcoldsinthepast.____18________19____Badfoodcan’tbeblamedmerelyonthein-cabinconditionstoo.It’salsopossiblethatthefoodisactuallybad.Duetofoodsafetystandards,allmealsmustbecookedonthegroundandunbreakable.SuchrequirementsformassproductiondefinitelytiesdowntheChef’shands.Whatcanbedone?____20____Apparently,chefshavebeentryingtoadaptrecipesinhowfoodtastesathighaltitudes.Everyoneneedstobepatientuntilbettersolutionsformassfoodproductionarefound.A．Themethodoffoodproductionisdifferent.B．Themassproductionoffoodistoblame.C．Insomecases,it’sevendrierthancertaindeserts.D．Asickpersonisfarfromthebestjudgeoffoodquality.E．Thatmakesitourbody’sfault,ratherthantheairlines.F．Butthatdoesn’tmeanmealsservedonairplanescan’ttastejustasgood.G．Basically,wecan’tusethesamerecipesforairlinemealsthatwewoulduseontheground.【答案】16．E

17．C

18．D

19．A

20．G【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了飞机上食物尝起来没有味道的原因。16．根据上文“Howmanytimeshaveyoucomplainedaboutairlinefoodbeingtasteless?”（你有多少次抱怨航空食品无味？）可知，我们时常抱怨飞机上食物寡淡无味。再由“thereasonmightbeachangeinourabilitytoperceivetaste(原因可能是我们感知味道的能力发生了变化)”可知，这可能是我们自身的原因，而不是食物的问题。故选E项。17．根据上文“Theairinsideairplanecabinsisfarmoredrythantheairwebreatheontheground.”（机舱内的空气比我们在地面上呼吸的空气干燥得多。）可知，机舱内的空气更干燥些，再根据后文“Inanenvironmentlikethis,yourpowersoftasteandsmellbegintodriftaway.”（在这样的环境中，你的味觉和嗅觉能力开始消失。）可知，味觉和嗅觉的能力都开始消失，说明干燥的程度很严重，因此，设空处可进一步描述干燥的程度。C项“在某些情况下，它甚至比某些沙漠还要干燥”进一步补充空气的干燥程度，符合语境。故选C项。18．根据上文“Inthepressurizedcabinapassenger’sbodilyfluidswillmoveupwardsandthenasalcavities

swell.Theswellingmesseswithourtastebuds,makingthefoodtasteunappealing.Youmightknowhowdininginsuchconditionsfeel,sincewe’veallfoughtcoldsinthepast.”（在压力舱中，乘客的体液会向上移动，鼻腔会肿胀。肿胀扰乱了我们的味蕾，使食物的味道变得毫无吸引力。你可能知道在这样的条件下吃饭的感觉，因为我们都曾与感冒作过斗争。）可知，上文部分解释了这与舱内的压力使得味蕾、鼻腔都发生变化有关。这种情况跟我们感冒时吃东西总感觉没有味道的情况类似。由此可知，我们不能根据自身原因来评判食物。故D项“一个病人远不是食品质量的最佳评判者。”符合语境。故选D项。19．设空处小标题处，可起到概括总结的作用。根据下文“Badfoodcan’tbeblamedmerelyonthein-cabinconditionstoo.It’salsopossiblethatthefoodisactuallybad.Duetofoodsafetystandards,allmealsmustbecookedonthegroundandunbreakable.”（糟糕的食物也不能仅仅归咎于机舱内的状况。也有可能食物实际上是坏的。根据食品安全标准，所有的饭菜都必须在地上烹调，而且不易碎。）可知，舱内生产食物的方式跟一般情况是有所不同的。故选A项。20．根据后文“Apparently,chefshavebeentryingtoadaptrecipesinhowfoodtastesathighaltitudes.Everyoneneedstobepatientuntilbettersolutionsformassfoodproductionarefound.”（显然，厨师们一直在努力调整食谱，以适应高海拔地区食物的口味。在找到更好的大规模食品生产解决方案之前，每个人都需要耐心。）可知，我们不能在飞机上使用与地面上相同的食谱，所以厨师着手改进配方。G项“基本上，我们不能使用与地面上相同的航空餐点食谱。”符合语境。故选G项。7.【江苏省盐城市、南京市2023年高三调研试题】Complainingisoftenlookedatasanegative,butifyouperfectitgreatthingscanhappen.____16____Articlesandexpertsinsistthattoomuchcomplainingwillloweryourempathy(共情)andstopyouachievingyourdreamandlivingthelifeyouwant.Theysuggestthatyoucutoutnegativityfromyourlife,especiallypeoplewhocomplain.ButhumanslovetocomplainIknowthisbecauseIgetpaidtositwithpeoplewhiletheycomplainandprocesseveryweek.____17____Oncewediscoverhowtoeffectivelyintegrateit,greatthingscanhappen.DrRobinKowalskifoundthosewhocomplainwiththehopesofachievingacertainresulttendtobehappier.Complainingalsoinfluenceshowpeopleseeus,createssocialbonds,encouragesempathyandhelpscreaterealchanges.Itplaysaveryimportantroleinourlivesandisaskillthatcanbeextremelyeffective.____18____Soherearesomewaystodealwiththeartofcomplaininginaskillfulway.1.Clarifyandorganizeyourcomplaints.Itwillgetyourcomplaintsacrosstoothersmoreeasily.2.Workoutwhocangiveyouahand.____19____Pickthosewhocanempathizewithyouorhelpwithyourgoal.3.Makeconnectionswithothers.Itwouldbepossibleforpeopletoknowwhatyouneeded.Concludefromspecificthingsabove,andourcomplainingismuchmorelikelytofeelusefulandeffective:•Usefactsandlogic.•Identifywhohastheabilitytomakeithappen.•____20____Whateveryourcomplaining,it’llmakeforyourimprovementwhenusedcorrectlyandeffectively.A．Getridofyourbittercomplaints.B．Don’tcomplaintothesamepeople.C．Actually,complaininghasabadreputation.D．Socializewithotherstomakecomplaintsaccessible.E．Complainingdoesserveasarealpurposeinourlives.F．However,theinfluencesofcomplainingarenotnecessarilybeneficialtousall.G．Ourgoalisnottoremovecomplaining,butmakeitmoreusefulandeffective.【答案】16．C

17．E

18．G

19．B

20．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是如果我们对通常被看做消极的抱怨进行完善的话就会有美好的事情发生。16．空处位于句首，应为本段内容的概括。根据空前“Complainingisoftenlookedatasanegative,butifyouperfectitgreatthingscanhappen.(抱怨通常被看作是消极的，但如果你完善它，美好的事情就会发生。)”可知虽然抱怨被认为是不好的，但是如果你对其进行完善的话，其实抱怨也会让好事发生，根据空后“Articlesandexpertsinsistthattoomuchcomplainingwillloweryourempathy(共情)andstopyouachievingyourdreamandlivingthelifeyouwant.(文章和专家坚持认为，太多的抱怨会降低你的同理心，阻止你实现你的梦想，过上你想要的生活。）”可知专家们认为抱怨是不好的，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是虽然抱怨可以让好事发生，但是实际上抱怨通常让人觉得不好，C项Actually,complaininghasabadreputation.(事实上，抱怨的名声不好。)指出实际上抱怨的名声很差，承接上文，引出下文，概括本段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选C项。17．空处位于句首，应为本段内容的概括。根据空前“Oncewediscoverhowtoeffectivelyintegrateit,greatthingscanhappen.DrRobinKowalskifoundthosewhocomplainwiththehopesofachievingacertainresulttendtobehappier.(一旦我们发现如何有效地整合它，美好的事情就会发生。RobinKowalski博士发现，那些为了达到某种目的而抱怨的人往往更快乐。)”可知如果我们为了达到某个目标而进行合理的抱怨，那么我们会变得更开心，由此可以推出抱怨确实有一些作用，所以空处应该讲抱怨的用途是什么，E项Complainingdoesserveasarealpurposeinourlives.(抱怨确实是我们生活中的一个真正的目的。)指出抱怨确实是我们生活的一个真实目的，对本段进行了概括，符合上下文语境。故选E项。18．根据空前“Itplaysaveryimportantroleinourlivesandisaskillthatcanbeextremelyeffective.(它在我们的生活中扮演着非常重要的角色，是一种非常有效的技能。)”可知抱怨在生活中确实很重要，根据空后“Soherearesomewaystodealwiththeartofcomplaininginaskillfulway.(因此，这里有一些巧妙地处理抱怨艺术的方法。)”可知此处是在给出一些如何让抱怨变得有意义的建议，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们要学会正确对待抱怨，G项Ourgoalisnottoremovecomplaining,butmakeitmoreusefulandeffective.(我们的目标不是消除抱怨，而是让它更有用、更有效。)指出对待抱怨我们的目的不是消除，而是让它更加有意义，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选G项。19．根据空前“Workoutwhocangiveyouahand.(找出谁能帮到你。)”可知我们要找到能帮助自己的人，根据空后“Pickthosewhocanempathizewithyouorhelpwithyourgoal.(选择那些能同情你或帮助你实现目标的人。)”可知我们要选择能够和自己共情的人进行抱怨，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是不要一直对同一个人帮不了你的人进行抱怨，B项Don’tcomplaintothesamepeople.(不要向同一个人抱怨。)指出不能一直对同一个人抱怨，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选B项。20．空处为本段主题句，应对空后内容进行概括。根据空后“Whateveryourcomplaining,it’llmakeforyourimprovementwhenusedcorrectlyandeffectively.(无论你抱怨什么，如果正确有效地使用，它都会有助于你的进步。)”可知此处讲的是应该与别人多联系，所以空处应该是与社交有关的主题句，D项Socializewithotherstomakecomplaintsaccessible.(与他人交往，让抱怨成为可能。)”告诉我们要和别人进行交往，从而让抱怨成为一种可能，概括本段主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选D项。8.【辽宁省东北育才学校五校2023年高三联考试题】Thissummer,asthecapitalofEnglandbecamewarmerthanbefore,therehasbeenmanystoriesfrompeopleexperiencingoddinsectbites.___16______17___And,astheSpacesongsaid,thefemalesofthesespeciesaremoredeadlythanthemales,beingtheonesthatseekoutanimal