新疆乌鲁木齐市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语B试卷（无答案）

乌市第一学期期末试卷高二年级英语B问卷（卷面分值：150分考试时间：120分钟）阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共37.5分）ALeafygreensareagreatwaytoimproveyourhealthastheypossessmanyvitalnutrients,vitamins,mineralsandantioxidants.Theyarealsolowincalories,makingthemagoodchoiceforthosewhowanttomanagetheirweight.Thefollowingsaladleavesinyourdietarehighlyrecommendedbynutritionists.SpinachSpinachiseasytogetallyearround.Itisagoodsourceofantioxidants,whichcanreducetheriskofmanydiseases,includingheartdiseaseandcertaincancers.It’sbesteatenuncooked,aspartofasalad,ascookingtendstodestroythenaturallyoccurringnutrientsintheleaves.CollardgreensCollardgreensareagoodsourceoflutein,whichisimportantforeyehealth.TheyarefullofvitaminsAandCandmineralssuchascalcium,iron,zinc,copperandselenium,andareagoodsourceoffibre.Aswithspinach,youcangetthemallyearround.RocketIfyou’reinthemoodforaleafygreenwithafresh,slightlybitterandpepperytaste,consideraddingrockettoyourplate.Rocketispackedwithnitrates—whichstudieshaveshowncanboostperformanceinsports.RocketisalsorichinvitaminsKandC,andcalciumandpolyphenols.RomainelettuceRomainelettuceisagoodsourceofvitaminsandminerals,includingvitaminsA,K,Candfolate(叶酸).Thesenutrientsareessentialformaintainingoverallhealthandsupportingahealthyimmunesystem.Romaineisasourceoffibretoo,whichisknowntoreduceyourriskofheartdisease,stroke,type2diabetesandbowelcancer.1．Whyaretheleafygreensagoodoptionforpeopletryingtocontroltheirweight?A．Theyarefullofnutrients.B．Theyareaffordableandtasty.C．Theycontainveryfewcalories.D．Theyarerecommendedbynutritionists.2．Whichfoodmaybebeneficialtoeyes?A．Spinach. B．Collardgreens. C．Rocket. D．Romainelettuce.3．Whatdospinachandromainelettucehaveincommon?A．Theymustbecooked.B．Theyareavailableallyearround.C．Theycanboostperformanceinsports.D．Theymaylessenthepossibilityofheartdisease.BIn1957agroupofphysicistsgatheredinalecturehalltobeaddressedbyaChineseAmericanwoman.Asshetoldherrecentexperimentanditsresults,theresponsewasdeadsilencefortwominutes,thenathunderousapplausecontinuedfortenminutes.ThewomanwasChien-ShiungWu,knownastheFirstLadyofPhysics,whotransformednuclearsciencethroughherworkontheManhattanProjectandothergroundbreakingexperiments.Bornin1912,WuwasunlikemanyChinesewomenofhertime,andreceivedaformaleducation.Fascinatedbynewdiscoveriesandthestoryofwomenscientists,sheenteredtheuniversitytostudyphysicsandbeganscientificstudies.ItwasatimeofrapidchangeinboththefieldofphysicsandChina.DomesticunrestandabadrelationshipwithJapanmadelifeathomeuneasy.Withthehelpofanuncle,sheimmigratedtotheUnitedStatesforgraduateschool.WuplannedtogototheUniversityofMichigan,butatouroftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley—andwordthatastudentcenteratMichigandidnotallowfemalestudentstoenterthroughthefrontdoor—changedhermind.AtBerkeleyWuwasvisibleforhergenderandrace,hermalecolleaguescommentingasmuchonherappearanceasherkeenmind.Shequicklygainedareputationandbecameanexpertinthenewlydiscoveredphenomenonofnuclearfission(核裂变).Aftergraduation,sheheadedtoSmithCollegetoteachwomenphysics.DuringWorldWarTwoWuwenttoPrincetonUniversity,whereshebecamethephysicsdepartmentsfirstfemaleinstructor.Butshortlyafterherarrival,hercareertookanunexpectedturnin1944.SheendedupjoiningthestaffatColumbiaUniversityonatop-secretresearchprogramnowknownastheManhattanProject.4．WhichwordbestdescribesthelectureinParagraph1?A．Boring. B．Humorous. C．Excellent. D．Common.5．WhatinspiredWutostudyphysics?A．Theformaleducationshereceived. B．Thesuccessofwomenscientists.C．Thebackgroundofherfamily. D．Therapidchangeinthefieldofphysics.6．WhathappenedtoWuinAmerica?A．ShewaslookeddownonatBerkeley.B．ShewenttotheUniversityofMichiganatfirst.C．ShetaughtwomenphysicsatPrincetonUniversity.D．Shejoinedatop-secretresearchprogramatColumbiaUniversity.7．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWuasascientist?A．Modestandindependent. B．Creativeandwarm-hearted.C．Responsibleandcautious. D．Committedandambitious.CEveryyear,billionsofpeopletravelacrossborders.Whilemosttripsarefromonenon-Englishspeakingcountrytoanother,Englishisthemainlanguageusedforcommunication.Infact,communicationinEnglishbetweentwonon-nativespeakersisgenerallynotaproblem.Therealproblemiswhenanon-nativeisfacedwithafast-speakingnativeEnglishspeaker.Englishwordstendtomerge(合并)togethermuchmorefrequentlythanwordsinmostlanguages.Thishasevengivenrisetoinformalnewspellingsofwordpairs:ain’t=amnot,gonna=goingto.Anotherissueiswithspeechitself.WhennativeEnglishspeakerstalk,theydon’tnecessarilyfollowalogicalstructure,nordotheyknowexactlywhattheirarrivalpointwillbe.Thismeanstheymightmoveforwardabitandthengobackwards,andfilltheirspeechwithredundancy(多余).Actuallyanyonecannoticethisredundancyintheirownlanguage,butit’shardtounderstanditinaforeignlanguage.WhenyoutalkwithanativeEnglishspeaker,thetrickistofindwaystotuneoutallthenoiseandidentifythekeywords.Totelltheessentialfromthenon-essential,youshouldfocusonlyontheloudandlongwords.Thesewordstendtobethekeywords.Ifyoucanunderstandatleastthesewords,thenyoushouldbeabletomakesenseoftheoverallspeech.AgoodwaytoseethisinactionisbywatchingapresentationonTED．comandreadingthetranscript(文字记录)atthesametime.Thiswillhelpyouidentifywhichwordsthespeakerstresses.However,underthebestconditions,peopleonlytakein40%ofwhattheyhearintheirnativelanguage.Evenmanynativespeakersdon’talwaysunderstandeachother,possiblyduetodifferentaccents.Wemightignore,forget,ormisunderstandabout75%ofwhatwehear.Therefore,ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,itisOKtoaskforclarification(说明).8．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．ThecharacteristicsofEnglishwords.B．ThedifficultiesoflearningEnglishwell.C．Theproblemsoftalkingwithnon-nativeEnglishspeakers.D．ThereasonswhyitishardtounderstandnativeEnglishspeakers.9．HowcanlistenerseffectivelyrecognizekeywordsinspokenEnglish?A．ByrepeatedlylisteningtoTEDtalks.B．Byignoringbackgroundnoiseduringthespeech.C．Byfocusingonthelongwordsthataspeakerstresses.D．Byreadingthetranscriptofthespeechbeforelistening.10．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Peoplecanjustremember75%ofwhattheyhear.B．UnderstandingnativeEnglishspeakersfullyishard.C．Keepingcalmwillhelpyoureceivemoreinformation.D．Misunderstandingsarenotcommonamongnativespeakers.11．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TipsforunderstandingnativeEnglishspeakers.B．Languagechallengesininternationaltravel.C．TheimportanceofEnglishasagloballanguage.D．Differencesbetweennativeandnon-nativespeakers.DIfyouthinkofthejobsthatrobotscouldneverdo,youwouldprobablyputdoctorsandteachersatthetopofthelist.It’seasytoimaginerobotcleanersandfactoryworkers,butsomejobsneedhumanconnectionandcreativity.Insomecases,theyalreadyperformbetterthandoctorsatdiagnosing(诊断)illness.Withthesemachines,doctorscanknowwhat’swrongwiththepatientsmoreeasilyandquickly.Also,somepatientsmightfeelmorecomfortablesharingpersonalinformationwithamachinethanaperson.Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldonthinksso.Andheevenhasadatefortherobottakeoveroftheclassroom:2027.Hethinksrobotswilldothemainjoboftransferring(转换)informationandteacherswillbemorelikehelpers.Smartrobotswillreadstudents’faces,movementsandmaybeevenbrainsignals(信号).Thentheywilladapt(改编)theinformationtoeachstudent.Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacherisbetterthannoteacheratall.Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen’tenoughteachersand9-16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don’tgotoschool.Thatproblemcouldbepartlysolvedbyrobotsbecausetheycanteachanywhereandwon’tgetstressed(压力大的),ortired.Teachersallovertheworldareleavingbecauseitisadifficultjobandtheyfeeloverworked.Howcanrobotshelpteachers?Teacherswastealotoftimedoingnon-teachingwork,includingmorethan11hoursaweekmarkinghomework.Ifrobotscouldcutthetimeteachersspendmarkinghomeworkandwritingreports,teacherswouldhavemoretimeandenergyforthepartsofthejobthathumansdobest.12．AnthonySeldonthinksteachersinthefuturewill________.A．nolongerteachknowledgeinclassB．domorejobsthanrobotsinclassC．teachonestudentinclassD．helprobotstoteachinclass13．FromParagraph3,wecanknowrobotscanhelpschoolsby________.A．workinganywherewithoutarest B．helpingstudentswithcleaningC．teachingallthestudentsunder14 D．savingstudentsindanger14．Teachersfindtheirmainproblemisthat________.A．theycan’tteachanywhereanytimeB．theycan’treadthestudents’brainsignalsC．theyhavetoomuchnon-teachingworktodoD．theyfeelstressedandtiredwhileteaching15．Thebesttitleofthepassagemightbe________.A．RobotDoctors B．RobotTeachersC．SchoolsWithRobots D．SchoolsWithoutRobots二、七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分）Everybodyliestosomedegree.16However,nobodywantstobecaught.Ofcoursethere’sahugegapthatseparateslittlewhiteliesfromthewhoppers(弥天大谎),butlearninghowtotellifsomeoneislyingisaskillthat’llalwayscomeinhandy.Here’swhattowatchfor.17Therearemanysignssomeonecouldbelying.Forexample,onemaymaketoolittleortoomucheyecontact,sweatorflushintheirface,andhavedifficultycontrollingthevolumeandtoneoftheirvoice.18Handgesturesthatnormallyaccompanytalkingmayoccurwithlessfrequency.Armandlegmovementsmayalsobefewer.Itseemsthatliarswouldbecomemoreconcentratedontellingthelie,sotheygetquieterintheirbody.Askquestions——quickly.Ifyoususpectyou’rebeinglied,trythistechnique,whichexpertssaycantripupaliar.Tryaskingquestionsquickly—oneaftertheother.“Thefirstlieiseasy,”explainsKangLee,professorattheOntarioInstituteforStudiesinEducation’sDepartmentofAppliedPsychologyandHumanDevelopment.“19Whenyoucontinuetoaskquestionsandputpeopleonthespot,itgetshardertomaintainthelie.”Checkforemotional“leaks”.Micro-expressionsoftenshowaperson’srealthoughts.Ifyouweretowatchpeopleverycloselyonvideotape,youwouldseethemshowingtheirtrueemotionjustbeforetheyshowthefakeexpressiondesignedtocoverupthelie.Buttheseextremelybrieffacialmovements,someonlylastingaquarterofasecond,aren’teasytospot.20Andintentionalliarstendtoaddotherexpressions,likesmiling,tohidealie.Sohere’shopingthatthenexttimesomeonethrowsalieyourway,you’llknowjusthowtocatchit.A．Listentothevoices.B．Getbetteratbodylanguage.C．Thefollow-uplieismoredifficult.D．Interestingly,peoplewhoarelyingoftenbecomemorestill.E．Evenprofessionalstrainedinliedetectioncan’talwaystellthemapart.F．Insomecultures,it’sconsideredinappropriatetomaintaineyecontact.G．Liesoccurbetweenfriends,teachersandstudents,husbandsandwives.三、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）In17th-centuryEurope,itwasunheardofforawomantotravelbyherself,butthatdidn’tstopMariaSibyllaMerian.In1699,sheandherdaughterDorothea21fromAmsterdamtoSurinaminSouthAmerica.Thethree-monthvoyagewas22butshewasdeterminedtogo.Shewantedtobethefirstpersontogotoaforeigncountrytostudyandpaintinsects23fromnature.WhentheyarrivedinSurinam,MariaandDorothea24working.Dayafterday,theytooktheirpainting25intothehotrainforesttocollectanddrawinsectsandplants.Artistshadneverdonesuchathingbefore.Stilllifepaintersdrewfromdeadspecimens(标本).ButMariahadalwaysbeeninterestedinpainting26animalsandplants.Intherainforest,she27ladders(梯子)tostudyandcollectinsects.Shehadtreescutdownsoshecouldseewhat28atthetopleveloftheforestmorethanahundredfeetoverhead.Mariacombinedboth29andscienceinherwork.Asaskilled30,shekeptdetailednotes.Aftertwoyears,shehadto31Surinam.The32wasunbearableandshewasillwithmalaria.Butshehadmorethanenoughmaterialfora/an33.InJune1701,MariaandDorotheawentbacktoAmsterdam.Fouryearslater,in1705,Maria34thebookforwhichsheisbestknown,MetamorphosisoftheInsectsofSurinam.Thepaintingsofinsectsandplantsintheirnaturalhabitats35thescientificstudyofinsects.21．A．sailed B．flew C．drove D．walked22．A．pleasant B．dangerous C．remarkable D．short23．A．directly B．quickly C．gradually D．slightly24．A．stopped B．started C．loved D．tried25．A．prizes B．works C．materials D．paints26．A．sick B．ancient C．living D．rare27．A．invented B．extracted C．jumped D．climbed28．A．wandered B．stretched C．floated D．lived29．A．art B．music C．literature D．technology30．A．observer B．student C．novelist D．journalist31．A．leave B．bless C．defeat D．keep32．A．insect B．smell C．heat D．food33．A．essay B．journal C．painting D．book34．A．published B．assessed C．banned D．adjusted35．A．ceased B．advanced C．revealed D．opposed四、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）UNESCOinscribesSpringFestivalonintangibleculturalheritagelist36._______Wednesday,UNESCOinscribedSpringFestivalofChinaontheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Thedecision37._________(make)duringthe19thsessionoftherelevantcommitteeinParaguay.TheSpringFestival,38.________(start)thetraditionalLunarNewYear,hasdiverseritualsand39.__________(culture)elements.It40.________(involve)prayers,familyreunions,andcommunityevents.Theassociatedknowledgeand41._______(custom)arepasseddownbothinformallyand42.______(formal).Thefestivalshowsharmonybetweenhumans43.______nature,whichaidssustainabledevelopment.China’sviceministerRaoQuanthankedfor44.________recognition.Hesaiditsymbolizeshopesandvalues.45._____(it)inscriptionwillpromoteuniversalvaluesandintangibleculturalheritage’srole.五、书面表达（共15分）46．假如你是龙津中学高一学生李华，你们学校上周组织了一场“校园运动周”活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文日记，记述整个过程。注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使情节连贯；2.词数80左右；3.首句已经给出，不计入词数。提示词：1.bodybuildingexercises健身操；2.ropeskipping跳绳；3.Douyin抖音。Lastweek,anactivitycalled“CampusSportsWeek”washeldinourschool.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、读后续写（共25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Happybirthday,dearRhea,happybirthdaytoyou!”Delightfulvoicesfilledtheroom.“Makeawish,”mymumsaidinasweetwhisper.Now,I’mastraightAstudent,confidentandpopular,butthat’snotwhatIwasayearago.Itwasmymum’slovethatmademewhatIamtoday.Lookingaroundtheroomfilledwithmyfriends,Icouldn’thelpbutsmile.Iwish…Memoriesfloodedback.TheDecembermorningbreezebrushedmylong,blackhairasIsteppedtowardsthedoorsofHagenbergHigh.Itwasmyfirstdayofschool.Onlytwowe