【八下英语人教版】Unit 8 课本知识重点和语法聚焦重点

人教版八年级下册英语第8单元课本知识重点和语法聚焦重点语法焦点现在完成时（一）现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始延续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：①表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，有时无时间状语，有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用，如：manytimes，just，yet，ever，never，already，before，sofar,bynow等连用。②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作，用于延续性动词，且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语，如：since+时间点/从句，fortwomonths,sofar等。句型：基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他

②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他

④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）常与时间状语连用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,severaltimes.already“已经”;

yet“仍然,还”,这两个副词常常用于完成时态,其中already常用于肯定句,yet常用于否定句和疑问句中。如:Jimhasalreadyfinishedhiswork.

Jim已经把他的工作做完了。Motherhasn’tcomehomeyet.

妈妈还没回来。现在完成时一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示的是与现在有关联的过去事件；而一般过去时则与现在毫无关系，只是单纯的过去的情况。比较：Ihavelostmypen,soIhavetobuyone.我丢了钢笔，所以得去买一枝。Ilostmypen,butfounditlater.我丢了钢笔，但后来找到了。当句子中有表示明确过去的状语时，只能用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。如：他一周以前动身去了纽约。误：HehasleftforNewYorkaweekago.

正：HeleftforNewYorkaweekago.当句首为疑问词when时，其后可用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。如：你什么时候和他首次见面的?

误：Whenhaveyoufirstmethim?

正：Whendidyoufirstmeethim?对划线部分提问：1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays.

__________________you_____________?

2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.

____________yourfather_______________?3)Helefthereyesterday.

___________he___________________?

4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.

________they________abook?

用适当的时态填空：1.She’s_____(live)hereeversinceshewasten.

2.Bothofthem___________(be)inHongKongfortendays.

3.Bothofthem________(come)toHongKongtendaysago.

4.Halfanhour_____________(pass)sincethetrain__________(leave).

5.Mary________(lose)herpen.________you

_______(see)ithereandthere?翻译：1.她成为一名护士已经三年了2.我三年前就认识李老师了1.Ihopetoseehimsingliveoneday!

1）seesomeonedosomething是一个常见的结构，表示“看见某人做某事”。英语中有一些表示感知的动词，如see(看）、watch(观看)、feel(感觉)、hear(听到）、listento(听）、smell(嗅）等用于主动语态时，后接名词（或代词）+不带to的不定式(或-ing形式）。如：Iwatchedthemgetonthebusonebyone,andthenwewavedgoodbyetoeachother.2）live可用作动词、形容词或副词，且用作不同词性时发音有所不同。作动词时，live读作/lIv/，表示“居住；生存；过…生活”等含义。作形容词和副词时，live读作/laIv/为副词，“现场直播；在现场表演”。如：LangLangisplayingliveinourcitytonight.朗朗今晚在我们城市举办现场演奏。2.Oneofthemdiedbuttheotherrantowardsmyhouse.他们当中一个死了，但是另一个跑向我的房子。One...,theother...意为“（两者中的）一个……，另一个……”。如：3.Ihavetwobrothers.Oneisadoctor,theotherisateacher.

我有两个哥哥。一个是医生，另一个是教师。4.Signsleftbehindbysomeoneorsomething某人或某物留下的记号leavebehind为固定短语，意为“留下”。如：Whatleftbehindafterthenoisyparty?Shestillfeltsolonely.拓展：leavesb.behind意为“把某人甩在后面；超越某人”。如：Inafewminute,heleftusfarbehind.leavesth.behind意为“留下/落下某物”。如:Thegirlleftherbagbehindwhenshegotoffthebus.

5.Everytimesheisinthelibrary,Sallylooksatthemanybooksshehasn'treadyetandshecan'twaittoreadthem!

（1）everytime引导时间状语从句，意为“每次...”。如：EverytimeIreadthebook,Iamveryhappy.每次读这本书，我都很开心。（2）can'twaittodosth.意为“迫不及待地做某事”。如：Billcouldn'twaittoopenhispresent.6.Thebookreportisdueintwoweeks.Amy:Yes,Iknow...

due为adj，“预定；预期；预计”，后边引出预期的时间、地点等.还常常构成短语bedue(todosomething)或bedue(forsomething)。随堂练1.I________heardofthatstorybefore.

A.don’thave

B.nothave

C.havenot

D.nottohave2.She’sneverbeentothatfactory,_______?

A.isshe

B.wasshe

C.doesshe

D.hasshe3.Haveyoumadedumplings_______?No,Ihaven’t.

A.justnow

B.yesterday

C.ago

D.before4.Tom________illsincelastnight.

A.was

B.is

C.has

been

D.be5.Howlonghave

you_________Nanjing?

A.goneto

B.beento

C.beenin

D.wentto

6.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,______?

A.haven’tyou

B.

haveyou

C.

doyou

D.don’tyou7.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?

A.have;watched

B.do;watch

C.did;watch

D.will;watch8.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.

A.lived

B.has

lived

C.lives

D.isgoingtolive9.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.

A.died

B.hasdied

C.wasdead

D.hasbeendead

10.–WhereisHanMeinow?－She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.

A.hasgone

B.hasbeen

C.goes

D.hadgone11.－____you____toXi’an?－No,never,butIwenttoAnkangafewyearsago

A.Have;been

B.Have;gone

C.Did;go

D.Do;go12.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?

A.doyou

B.

areyou

C.

haveyou

D.

didyou13.Howlonghaveyou___thefootballteamoftheschool?

A.played

B.beenat

C.

joined

Dbeen

on

14.—Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?—Ihave_____toKunmingwithmyfriends.A.been,gone

B.been,been

C.gone,been

D.gone,

gone15.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?

A.bought

B.borrowed

C.had

D.lent16.—Excuseme,___youseenthefilmyet?—Yes,I____itlastnight.

A.have,see

B.have,haveseen

C.have,seen

D.have,saw17.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_____?

A.ishe

B.

isn’the

C.

hasn’the

D.

has

he18.Iwillcometoseeyouagain_______fivedays.A.after

B.laterC.behindD.in

19.Havetheyfinishedtheirhomework_____?A.too.B.yet.C.alreadyD.either.

20.--I___anEnglish–Chinesedictionary.When___you___it?

--Yesterdayafternoon.

A.havebought;did;buy

B.buy;do;buy

C.havebought;will;buy

D.buy;have;buy

二：用括号内所给单词适当形式填空1.Thisrecord_____(belong)tomybrother.

2.RobertisaChineseCanadian.He_____(live)inCanadafor15years.

3.Hehasn’t_____(finish)hishomeworkyet.

4.Weneedn’tgoinsuchahurry.Westillhavethirtyminutes______(left).

5.Ineedto_____(clean)mycupboard.Ihaven’tusedthethingsinitforlong.

6.Judyhasalready_____(finish)readingLittleWomen.

7.Haveyou_____(read)AliceinWonderlandyet?

8.Itoften______(snow)inNorthChinalastwinter.

句型巩固1.HehasalreadygonetoNewYork.(变一般疑问句并回答)

____he_____toNewYork_